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Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU
Published by Universitas Sumatera Utara
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Engineering
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Articles 358 Documents
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Efektivitas Katalis CaO/SiO2 dari Limbah Sekam Padi dan Cangkang Telur dengan Variabel Waktu Reaksi untuk Sintesis Biodiesel Sitanggang, Christin Octaviani; Perdani, Meka Saima; Umam, Hilman Imadul; Fadilla, Amalia Dian; Nurhana, Eti Ayu
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol. 15 No. 1 (2026): Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU
Publisher : Talenta Publisher (Universitas Sumatera Utara)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/jtk.v15i1.22313

Abstract

This research focusses on the synthesis of biodiesel as an altenative fuel to replace diesel oil which can be produced from vegetable oil or animal fat as renewable dan sustainable fuel. This study was conducted to determine the effect of stirring time in the manufacture of biodiesel on the effectiveness of the CaO/SiO2 catalyst from egg shell waste dan rice husks in the transesterification process. The control variables in this study were raw materials taken from rice husk waste dan chicken egg shell waste, and the mole ratio of used cooking oil: methanol used was 9:1. The variation of stirring time used was 30 minutes, 60 minutes, 90 minutes, 120 minutes, 150 minutes with a stirring speed of 450 rpm at 65ºC. The results showed that the optimal time in this study was 150 minutes with a biodiesel yield of 63.64%.
Pembuatan Baterai Kering Menggunakan Karbon Aktif dari Cangkang Kelapa Sawit dan Asam Nitrat (HNO3) sebagai Aktivator Tiara, Berlian; Larasati, Tri; Febriana, Ida; Reka Septiana, Iriani; Kholidah, Nurul
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol. 15 No. 1 (2026): Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU
Publisher : Talenta Publisher (Universitas Sumatera Utara)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/jtk.v15i1.22502

Abstract

Activated carbon from palm kernel shells has the potential to be an environmentally friendly material to replace heavy metals in dry batteries. The objective of this study is to analyze the effect of variations in HNO₃ concentration (0.5 M; 1 M; 1.5 M; 2 M; and 2.5 M) and to evaluate its performance as a dry battery electrode material using 1 M NaOH and 1 M H₃PO₄ electrolytes. The process involved carbonisation and chemical activation using HNO₃, followed by proximate analysis, iodine number testing, and surface morphology analysis using a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The results showed the best performance was achieved at an HNO₃ concentration of 1 M with a voltage of 3.66 V, current of 5.55 mA, and power of 20.31 mW when using NaOH electrolyte. Conversely, at an HNO₃ concentration of 2.5 M with H₃PO₄ electrolyte, the lowest performance was achieved at a voltage of 1.94 V, current of 0.79 mA, and power of 1.53 mW due to pore damage. This study demonstrates the potential of oil palm shells as a raw material for environmentally friendly and sustainable batteries.
Pemanfaatan Cangkang Telur Terenkapsulasi sebagai Adsorben: Karakterisasi dan Studi Kinetika Adsorpsi Metilen Biru Parlindungan, John Yoro; Rusnadi; Siregar, Lamtiar Ferawaty; Pongkendek, Jesi Jecsen
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol. 15 No. 1 (2026): Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU
Publisher : Talenta Publisher (Universitas Sumatera Utara)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/jtk.v15i1.22507

Abstract

The utilization of eggshell powder as an adsorbent presents certain limitations, particularly in terms of post-adsorption separation and the potential for clogging in column applications. To address these challenges, encapsulation was employed as a modification technique, wherein the eggshell powder was immobilized within a calcium alginate matrix to form a stable adsorbent structure. This study investigated the adsorption kinetics of methylene blue (MB) using three types of adsorbents: calcium alginate (CA), encapsulated eggshell powder (CA–SCKT), and unencapsulated eggshell powder (SCKT). Kinetic analysis was conducted using pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order models. The results indicated that the adsorption process for all adsorbents followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, as evidenced by higher correlation coefficient (R²) values.
Pengaruh Kondisi Operasi Terhadap Kualitas Aluminium Stearat dalam Reaktor Batch Suminar, Dian Ratna; Lingga Permana, Rezza; Amellia, Yashinta; Ghozali, Mukhtar; Sudarman, Robby; Sihombing, Rony Pasonang
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol. 15 No. 1 (2026): Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU
Publisher : Talenta Publisher (Universitas Sumatera Utara)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/jtk.v15i1.22678

Abstract

Aluminum stearate has the same potential as aluminum soap as a lubricant additive that can be developed towards standardization of commercial products. The research stages consist of: (1) Making sodium soap through saponification reaction (stearic acid and NaOH), (2) Replacing sodium metal with aluminum metal through trans-saponification reaction, (3) Purifying the product by washing with distilled water, (4) Separation and drying of the product using a Buchner funnel and oven at 100 oC for 3 hours, (5) Analytical test of aluminum stearate product: testing melting point, water content, ash content, free fatty acid content, quantitative content using AAS spectrophotometer, and solubility test. The results of the study showed that aluminum stearate can be made through 2 reaction stages, namely saponification and trans-saponification in the form of a white powder with a melting point of 115.7 oC, ash content of 13.93%, maximum free fatty acid content of 0.9372%, and insoluble in water and chloroform; partially soluble in n-hexane and toluene waste; and soluble in paraffin, methanol, and nitric acid.
Pengaruh Variasi Aktivator KOH dan NaCl terhadap Kapasitas Adsorpsi Biji Kapuk (Ceiba pentandra) dalam Penjerapan Ion Fe(II) Hadinatan, Kelvin; Iriany; Taslim; Bani, Okta; Artanti, Yesi; Ijlal Syach, Nafis
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol. 15 No. 1 (2026): Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU
Publisher : Talenta Publisher (Universitas Sumatera Utara)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/jtk.v15i1.23194

Abstract

Heavy metal contamination such as iron (Fe) in wastewater is a significant environmental issue due to its negative impact on ecosystems and human health. This study aims to synthesize adsorbents from kapok seeds (Ceiba pentandra) by examining the effect of activator type (KOH and NaCl) and particle size (100 and 120 mesh) on the adsorption capacity of Fe(II) ions. The research methodology includes carbonation and chemical activation processes, followed by adsorption kinetics testing. The results showed that the use of NaCl activator with a particle size of 120 mesh provided the best performance with an equilibrium adsorption capacity of 89.75% and an iodine number of 127 mg/g. Kinetic analysis showed that the Fe(II) ion adsorption process followed a pseudo-second-order kinetic model with an R2 value of 0.999, indicating that the main adsorption mechanism was chemisorption through a two-step interaction involving diffusion and intermolecular interactions in the adsorbent area.
Pengolahan Lindi TPA Muara Fajar Pekanbaru Menggunakan Sequencing Batch Reactor Aerob dengan Variasi Teknik Stabilisasi (IDLE) Ashari Syawal, Ferdy; Dinil Fitri, Shafira; Darmayanti, Lita; Andrio, David; Tanjung, Munir; Fadhila, Fadhila
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol. 15 No. 1 (2026): Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU
Publisher : Talenta Publisher (Universitas Sumatera Utara)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/jtk.v15i1.23407

Abstract

Leachate is a liquid generated from waste decomposition containing organic matter, ammonia, heavy metals, and suspended solids in high concentrations. Improper leachate disposal can pollute soil and water around the landfill. This study aims to determine the effect of different idle stabilization techniques on COD, ammonia, and TSS removal efficiency using an aerobic Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR). Three idle variations were tested: static idle, mixed idle, and aerated idle. The SBR reactor was operated with fill (1 h), react (18 h), settle (2 h), draw (1 h), and idle (2 h) phases for four cycles. The results showed that the aerated idle variation achieved the highest removal efficiencies: COD 86.67%, ammonia 95.36%, and TSS 93.97%. Aerated idle provided better sludge stability and optimal oxygen conditions for microbial activity.
Pemanfaatan Serbuk Sekam Padi sebagai Katalis Basa Heterogen pada Pembuatan Biodiesel dari Minyak Kelapa Fitriani, FBA; Togatorop, Elgrini; Lumbantoruan, Chintya Sinar
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol. 15 No. 1 (2026): Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU
Publisher : Talenta Publisher (Universitas Sumatera Utara)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/jtk.v15i1.23521

Abstract

High rice production in Indonesia generates rice husk waste of approximately 0.53–5.8 million tons in 2024, most of which has not been optimally utilized. According to the Ministry of Agriculture (2022), this waste is generally stockpiled or openly burned without further valorization. This study aims to analyze the effect of calcination temperature on the characteristics of rice husk–based heterogeneous catalysts, the effect of catalyst concentration on biodiesel yield, and the reusability of the catalyst. The results show that a calcination temperature of 600°C produces a porous catalyst with a larger number of active sites. The highest biodiesel yield of 91 mL was obtained using a catalyst concentration of 9% w/v. Catalyst reuse for up to two cycles resulted in a decrease in biodiesel yield due to the reduction of active sites; however, the yield remained above 50%. Catalyst pore characteristics were analyzed using Scanning Electron Microscopy  and the produced biodiesel met the requirements of SNI 7182:2015, including a density in the range of 850–890 kg/m³, copper strip corrosion rating of No. 2, and an acid value not exceeding 0.5 mg KOH/g.
Sintesis dan Karakterisasi Biochar-Fe Nanoparticles dari Limbah Kulit Kopi Fadli, Riskal; Damris, Muhammad; Prabasari, Ira Galih
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol. 15 No. 1 (2026): Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU
Publisher : Talenta Publisher (Universitas Sumatera Utara)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/jtk.v15i1.24417

Abstract

Coffee husk waste has the potential to cause environmental problems if not properly managed. One promising utilization approach is its conversion into biochar. In this study, biochar was produced via pyrolysis at temperatures of 400 °C, 500 °C, and 600 °C. The final temperature was maintained for 1 hour, after which the material was synthesized using ferric chloride hexahydrate (FeCl₃·6H₂O) as an iron precursor through a base precipitation reaction in 1.5 M NaOH solution at 80 °C for 4 hours. SEM–EDX characterization results showed that increasing the pyrolysis temperature influenced pore structure development, where higher temperatures led to smaller pore diameters and denser surface morphology after Fe incorporation. The highest Fe content was obtained in biochar produced at 600 °C, reaching 14.32%. The utilization of coffee husk waste as a precursor for Fe-modified biochar demonstrates potential for enhancing Dissolved Organic Carbon stabilization. This potential is attributed to the material characteristics obtained, namely the combination of a porous structure and the presence of active iron phases, which theoretically can enhance chemical interactions and binding capacity toward dissolved organic compounds.

Page 36 of 36 | Total Record : 358

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