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Jurnal Al-jina'i Al-islami
Published by UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung
ISSN : -     EISSN : 30315506     DOI : https://doi.org/10.15575/jaa
Core Subject : Social,
Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice
Jurnal Al Jinai Al Islami (E ISSN 30315506) published by the Islamic Criminal Law Study Program, Faculty of Sharia and Law, UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung is a periodic scientific journal with open access that uses the double blind peer review method. This journal offers a national and international academic platform for studies related to Islamic Criminal Law, thought, and reform. The journal is published twice a year, in June and December. Authors are invited to submit manuscripts that fall within the scope of the Al Jinai Al Islami Journal. It is expected that authors who submit manuscripts in advance must adhere to the writing guidelines and templates. If the submitted manuscript does not follow the guidelines or uses a different format, it will be rejected by the editorial team before review.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Hukum
Articles 20 Documents
 1   2 
Kesaksian Justice Collaborator Sebagai Keringanan Hukuman dalam Mengungkap Kejahatan Narkotika dan Kaitannya dengan Maslahah Mursalah Marpaung, Zaid Alfauza; Lubis, Fauziah; Panjaitan, Budi Sastra
Jurnal Al-Jina'i Al-Islami Vol. 2 No. 1 (2024): Jurnal Al-Jina'i Al-Islami (June)
Publisher : Islamic Criminal Law Study Program, Faculty of Sharia and Law UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/jaa.v1i2.790

Abstract

Abstrak: Kejahatan narkotika di Indonesia merupakan extraordinary crime yang melibatkan sindikat terorganisir, sehingga sulit diungkap dengan metode konvensional. Salah satu instrumen penting dalam membongkar jaringan ini adalah justice collaborator, yakni saksi pelaku yang bekerja sama dengan aparat penegak hukum. Penelitian ini bertujuan menelaah kedudukan justice collaborator dalam perkara narkotika serta relevansinya dengan prinsip maslahah mursalah. Metode yang digunakan adalah penelitian yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan peraturan perundang-undangan dan hukum Islam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian keringanan hukuman bagi justice collaborator sah secara yuridis sekaligus dapat dipertanggungjawabkan secara syar‘i karena menghadirkan kemaslahatan publik. Kebaruan penelitian ini terletak pada penghubungan konsep justice collaborator dengan maslahah mursalah, yang memberi kontribusi bagi pengembangan regulasi hukum pidana Indonesia. Kata Kunci: Justice collaborator, narkotika, maslahah mursalah   Abstract: Ditulis Drug crimes in Indonesia are extraordinary crimes involving organized syndicates, making them difficult to uncover using conventional methods. One important instrument in dismantling these networks is the justice collaborator, namely a witness who is also a perpetrator who cooperates with law enforcement officials. This study aims to examine the position of justice collaborators in narcotics cases and their relevance to the principle of maslahah mursalah. The method used is normative juridical research with a regulatory and Islamic law approach. The results of the study show that granting leniency to justice collaborators is legally valid and can be justified in Islamic law because it brings about public benefit. The novelty of this study lies in linking the concept of justice collaborators with maslahah mursalah, which contributes to the development of Indonesian criminal law regulations. Keyword: Justice collaborator, narcotics, maslahah mursalah
Analisis Hukum Pidana Islam Terhadap Perundungan dalam Dunia Pendidikan Maulana, Wildan; Syamsuri
Jurnal Al-Jina'i Al-Islami Vol. 2 No. 2 (2024): Jurnal Al-Jina'i Al-Islami (December)
Publisher : Islamic Criminal Law Study Program, Faculty of Sharia and Law UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/jaa.v2i2.975

Abstract

Abstrak: Fenomena perundungan di dunia pendidikan Indonesia masih menjadi problem serius, baik dalam bentuk fisik, verbal, psikologis, maupun cyberbullying. Kasus-kasus yang tercatat oleh KPAI menunjukkan bahwa praktik ini bukan hanya merusak iklim belajar, tetapi juga berdampak pada martabat dan keselamatan jiwa peserta didik. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis kedudukan perundungan dalam perspektif fiqh jinayah serta merumuskan bentuk sanksi yang sesuai bagi pelaku, khususnya di lingkungan sekolah dan kampus. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode normatif yuridis melalui studi kepustakaan. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa perundungan dapat dikategorikan sebagai jarimah ta‘zīr yang hukumannya ditentukan penguasa berdasarkan prinsip kemaslahatan. Kebaruan penelitian ini terletak pada integrasi fenomena sosial kontemporer dengan hukum pidana Islam. Kontribusinya adalah menawarkan paradigma hukum religius-humanis untuk pencegahan dan penanganan perundungan di lembaga pendidikan. Kata Kunci:  Fiqh jinayah, pendidikan, perundungan   Abstract: The phenomenon of bullying in Indonesian education remains a serious problem, whether physical, verbal, psychological, or cyberbullying. Cases recorded by the Indonesian Child Protection Commission (KPAI) show that this practice not only damages the learning environment, but also affects the dignity and safety of students. This study aims to analyze the position of bullying from the perspective of fiqh jinayah (Islamic criminal law) and formulate appropriate sanctions for perpetrators, especially in schools and campuses. The research method used is a qualitative approach with a normative-juridical method through a literature study. The results show that bullying can be categorized as a ta‘zīr crime, the punishment for which is determined by the authorities based on the principle of public interest. The novelty of this research lies in the integration of contemporary social phenomena with Islamic criminal law. Its contribution is to offer a religious-humanist legal paradigm for the prevention and handling of bullying in educational institutions. Keyword:  Criminal jurisprudence, education, bullying
Tinjauan Hukum Pidana Islam Terhadap Sanksi Kekerasan Aparat Kepolisian dalam Demonstrasi Mahasiswa Reformasi Dikorupsi Alghifari, Muhammad Junito
Jurnal Al-Jina'i Al-Islami Vol. 2 No. 2 (2024): Jurnal Al-Jina'i Al-Islami (December)
Publisher : Islamic Criminal Law Study Program, Faculty of Sharia and Law UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/jaa.v2i2.1341

Abstract

Abstrak: Fenomena demonstrasi Reformasi Dikorupsi 2019 mencatat eskalasi kekerasan aparat kepolisian yang menimbulkan korban jiwa, luka-luka, dan pelanggaran hak asasi manusia. Masalah ini menimbulkan pertanyaan mengenai legitimasi sanksi atas tindakan represif aparat, baik dalam hukum positif maupun hukum pidana Islam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji kategori hukum terhadap tindak kekerasan aparat dalam demonstrasi, sekaligus menawarkan kontribusi konseptual bagi pembaruan regulasi penegakan hukum yang lebih adil dan humanis. Dengan menggunakan metode yuridis normatif melalui studi kepustakaan. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa tindakan aparat dapat dikualifikasikan sebagai jarimah qishash maupun ta‘zīr, di samping melanggar hukum positif Indonesia. Kebaruan penelitian ini terletak pada pendekatan komparatif-integratif antara hukum Islam dan hukum nasional. Kontribusinya adalah memperkuat wacana reformasi hukum agar lebih menekankan perlindungan jiwa, kehormatan, dan keadilan sosial. Kata Kunci: Demonstrasi, kekerasan, kepolisian   Abstract: The 2019 Reformasi Dikorupsi demonstrations saw an escalation in police violence, resulting in deaths, injuries, and human rights violations. This issue raises questions about the legitimacy of sanctions for repressive actions by the authorities, both in positive law and Islamic criminal law. This study aims to examine the legal categories of police violence during demonstrations, while offering conceptual contributions to the renewal of law enforcement regulations that are more just and humane. Using a legal-normative method through a literature review. The results of the study show that the actions of the authorities can be classified as jarimah qishash or ta'zir, in addition to violating Indonesian positive law. The novelty of this study lies in its comparative-integrative approach between Islamic law and national law. Its contribution is to strengthen the discourse on legal reform to place greater emphasis on the protection of life, honor, and social justice. Keyword: Demonstrations, violence, police
Peran Lembaga Hukum Adat dalam Menyelesaikan Kasus Perzinaan di Nagari Koto Tuo dalam Tinjauan Fiqh jinayah Mulya, Rahmad Riski
Jurnal Al-Jina'i Al-Islami Vol. 2 No. 2 (2024): Jurnal Al-Jina'i Al-Islami (December)
Publisher : Islamic Criminal Law Study Program, Faculty of Sharia and Law UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/jaa.v2i2.1342

Abstract

Abstrak: Indonesia memiliki sistem hukum yang kompleks karena selain hukum positif, masyarakat juga masih menjunjung tinggi hukum adat. Di Minangkabau, khususnya di Nagari Koto Tuo, hukum adat masih digunakan dalam menyelesaikan kasus perzinaan yang dianggap merusak kehormatan keluarga dan tatanan sosial. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis peran lembaga hukum adat dalam penyelesaian kasus perzinaan dengan meninjau praktiknya melalui perspektif fiqh jinayah. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan yuridis empiris dengan metode deskriptif kualitatif melalui wawancara, observasi, dan studi literatur yang kemudian dianalisis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa lembaga hukum adat berperan strategis sebagai penjaga norma sosial melalui musyawarah keluarga dan Kerapatan Adat Nagari (KAN). Sanksi adat berupa denda (1 ameh) dan pengasingan (buang tikarang) berfungsi sebagai ta‘zīr untuk menjaga ketertiban dan kehormatan publik. Meski berbeda dari hudūd, mekanisme ini memiliki tujuan serupa, yaitu menjaga kehormatan dan memberi efek jera. Temuan juga menunjukkan efektivitas sanksi adat serta potensi integrasinya dengan prinsip fiqh jinayah. Kebaruan penelitian ini terletak pada upaya mengintegrasikan norma hukum adat dan fiqh jinayah sebagai kontribusi dalam pengembangan hukum yang lebih humanis dan aplikatif. Kata Kunci: Jinayah, lembaga hukum adat, perzinaan   Abstract: Indonesia has a complex legal system because, in addition to positive law, the community still upholds customary law. In Minangkabau, particularly in Nagari Koto Tuo, customary law is still used to resolve cases of adultery, which are considered to damage family honor and social order. This study aims to analyze the role of customary law institutions in resolving adultery cases by reviewing their practices through the perspective of fiqh jinayah. The research method uses an empirical juridical approach with qualitative descriptive methods through interviews, observations, and literature studies, which are then analyzed. The results show that customary law institutions play a strategic role as guardians of social norms through family deliberations and the Nagari Customary Council (KAN). Customary sanctions in the form of fines (1 ameh) and exile (buang tikarang) function as ta'zir to maintain public order and honor. Although different from hudud, this mechanism has a similar purpose, namely to maintain honor and provide a deterrent effect. The findings also show the effectiveness of customary sanctions and their potential integration with the principles of fiqh jinayah. The novelty of this research lies in its attempt to integrate customary law norms and fiqh jinayah as a contribution to the development of a more humanistic and applicable law. Keyword: Jinayah, customary law institution, adultery
Sanksi Bagi Mucikari Penyedia Praktik Prostitusi Perspektif Hukum Pidana Islam Mubarok, Mufti
Jurnal Al-Jina'i Al-Islami Vol. 2 No. 2 (2024): Jurnal Al-Jina'i Al-Islami (December)
Publisher : Islamic Criminal Law Study Program, Faculty of Sharia and Law UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/jaa.v2i2.1369

Abstract

Abstrak: Profesi mucikari sebagai penyedia praktik prostitusi merupakan tindakan yang bertentangan dengan norma hukum positif maupun hukum Islam, karena perannya memfasilitasi perbuatan zina dan mengeksploitasi manusia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis sanksi bagi mucikari dalam perspektif hukum pidana Islam dengan membandingkannya terhadap ketentuan hukum nasional yang berlaku. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode normatif yuridis yang dianalisis secara deskriptif analitis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mucikari dalam hukum Islam dapat dikategorikan sebagai pelaku jarimah ta‘zīr yang sanksinya diserahkan pada kebijakan hakim, sementara hukum positif cenderung memberi sanksi ringan yang kurang menimbulkan efek jera. Kebaruan penelitian ini terletak pada integrasi analisis normatif Islam dan hukum nasional untuk merumuskan model sanksi yang lebih adil dan efektif. Kontribusi kajian ini diharapkan dapat memperkuat regulasi dan kebijakan hukum dalam menanggulangi praktik prostitusi secara komprehensif. Kata Kunci: Hukum pidana Islam, mucikari, prostitusi   Abstract: The profession of pimping as a provider of prostitution practices is an act that contradicts both positive law and Islamic law, because its role is to facilitate adultery and exploit human beings. This study aims to analyze the sanctions for pimps in the perspective of Islamic criminal law by comparing them with applicable national law provisions. The research method used is a qualitative approach with a normative juridical method analyzed descriptively and analytically. The results show that pimps in Islamic law can be categorized as perpetrators of jarimah ta'zir, whose sanctions are left to the discretion of the judge, while positive law tends to impose light sanctions that are less effective in deterring crime. The novelty of this research lies in the integration of Islamic normative analysis and national law to formulate a more just and effective model of sanctions. The contribution of this study is expected to strengthen legal regulations and policies in comprehensively combating prostitution. Keyword: Islamic criminal law, pimping, prostitution
Analisis Hukum Pidana Islam Terhadap Penegakan Hukum Tindak Pidana KDRT di Polres Ciamis Sukatma Putra, Zidan Al Fadlil
Jurnal Al-Jina'i Al-Islami Vol. 3 No. 1 (2025): Jurnal Al-Jina'i Al-Islami (June)
Publisher : Islamic Criminal Law Study Program, Faculty of Sharia and Law UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/jaa.v3i1.1310

Abstract

Abstrak: Kekerasan Dalam Rumah Tangga (KDRT) masih menjadi problem serius di Indonesia, termasuk di Kabupaten Ciamis, meskipun perangkat hukum positif telah tersedia. Namun, dalam praktiknya, pelaksanaan hukum sering kali tersendat oleh faktor budaya, keberanian korban, serta sensitivitas aparat penegak hukum. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menelaah penegakan hukum terhadap kasus KDRT di Polres Ciamis dengan menempatkannya dalam perspektif hukum pidana Islam. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan menggunakan metode yuridis normatif yang dipadukan dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan (statute approach) dan pendekatan konseptual (conceptual approach). Data penelitian bersumber dari bahan hukum primer berupa peraturan perundang-undangan terkait KDRT dan laporan kepolisian, serta bahan hukum sekunder berupa literatur fikih jinayah, buku, dan hasil penelitian terdahulu. Analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif-analitis dengan menafsirkan norma hukum positif dan nilai-nilai hukum Islam dalam konteks perlindungan korban. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan hukum di lapangan masih jauh dari harapan korban, sementara hukum Islam menekankan pentingnya perlindungan rumah tangga melalui prinsip maqāṣhid al-syarī‘ah dan keadilan. Kebaruan penelitian ini terletak pada analisis lokal yang mengintegrasikan perspektif hukum Islam dalam studi penegakan hukum positif, sehingga memberikan kontribusi teoretis bagi pengembangan paradigma hukum integratif serta masukan praktis bagi aparat dalam menangani kasus KDRT secara lebih humanis. Kata Kunci: Hukum pidana Islam, KDRT, Polres Ciamis   Abstract: Domestic violence remains a serious problem in Indonesia, including in Ciamis Regency, despite the availability of positive legal instruments. However, in practice, law enforcement is often hampered by cultural factors, the courage of victims, and the sensitivity of law enforcement officials. This study aims to examine law enforcement in domestic violence cases at the Ciamis Police Station from the perspective of Islamic criminal law. This research is qualitative in nature, using a normative juridical method combined with a statute approach and a conceptual approach. The research data was sourced from primary legal materials in the form of legislation related to DV and police reports, as well as secondary legal materials in the form of fiqh jinayah literature, books, and previous research results. Data analysis was conducted descriptively and analytically by interpreting positive legal norms and Islamic legal values in the context of victim protection. The results of the study show that law enforcement in the field is still far from the expectations of victims, while Islamic law emphasizes the importance of protecting the household through the principles of maqāṣhid al-syarī‘ah and justice. The novelty of this research lies in its local analysis that integrates the perspective of Islamic law into the study of positive law enforcement, thereby contributing theoretically to the development of an integrative legal paradigm and providing practical input for officials in handling domestic violence cases in a more humane manner. Keyword: Islamic criminal law, domestic violence, Ciamis Police
Studi Komparatif Tindak Pidana Aborsi dalam Hukum Pidana Thailand dan Hukum Pidana Islam Cheha, Miss Asyron; Alam, Saepul
Jurnal Al-Jina'i Al-Islami Vol. 3 No. 1 (2025): Jurnal Al-Jina'i Al-Islami (June)
Publisher : Islamic Criminal Law Study Program, Faculty of Sharia and Law UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/jaa.v3i1.1469

Abstract

Abstrak: Aborsi di Thailand telah menjadi persoalan serius karena maraknya praktik meskipun secara hukum dikategorikan sebagai tindak pidana. Kondisi ini menimbulkan problem medis, sosial, dan hukum yang perlu dianalisis lebih dalam. Penelitian ini bertujuan menelaah tindak pidana aborsi dalam hukum pidana Thailand dan hukum pidana Islam serta membandingkan persamaan dan perbedaannya. Metode yang digunakan adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan yuridis normatif dan studi komparatif, berbasis data kepustakaan yang mencakup sumber primer (Thailand Criminal Code, al-Qur’an, dan Hadis) serta sumber sekunder (buku dan jurnal). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan keduanya sama-sama memperbolehkan aborsi karena alasan medis untuk menghindari mudarat, namun berbeda dalam batas usia kandungan dan jenis sanksi. Kebaruan penelitian ini adalah fokus pada perbandingan normatif antara hukum pidana Thailand dan hukum pidana Islam. Penelitian ini berkontribusi dalam memperkaya literatur hukum komparatif dan memberikan perspektif baru bagi upaya perlindungan hak hidup janin dan ibu. Kata Kunci: Hukum pidana Islam, Thailand, tindak pidana   Abstrak: Abortion in Thailand has become a serious issue due to its widespread practice despite being classified as a criminal offense. This situation raises medical, social, and legal problems that need to be analyzed in depth. This study aims to examine the criminal offense of abortion in Thai criminal law and Islamic criminal law and to compare their similarities and differences. The method used is qualitative research with a normative juridical and comparative study approach, based on library data covering primary sources (Thailand Criminal Code, al-Qur'an, and Hadith) and secondary sources (books and journals). The results show that both allow abortion for medical reasons to avoid harm, but differ in terms of gestational age limits and types of sanctions. The novelty of this study is its focus on a normative comparison between Thai criminal law and Islamic criminal law. This study contributes to enriching comparative legal literature and provides a new perspective on efforts to protect the right to life of the fetus and the mother. Kata Kunci: Islamic criminal law, Thailand, criminal acts
Sanksi Tindak Pidana Illegal Mining dalam Undang-Undang Minerba dan Hukum Pidana Islam Yuniarsih, Rina Isti
Jurnal Al-Jina'i Al-Islami Vol. 3 No. 1 (2025): Jurnal Al-Jina'i Al-Islami (June)
Publisher : Islamic Criminal Law Study Program, Faculty of Sharia and Law UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/jaa.v3i1.1691

Abstract

Abstrak: Praktik pertambangan tanpa izin (illegal mining) masih marak terjadi di Indonesia meskipun telah diatur secara tegas dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 3 Tahun 2020 tentang Minerba, yang memberikan ancaman pidana penjara dan denda bagi pelaku. Kondisi ini menimbulkan permasalahan serius, baik kerugian negara, kerusakan lingkungan, maupun lemahnya efek jera hukum positif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis sanksi pidana illegal mining dalam UU Minerba serta membandingkannya dengan perspektif hukum pidana Islam. Metode yang digunakan adalah penelitian normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan perbandingan hukum. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya kesenjangan antara aturan normatif dan praktik, sedangkan hukum Islam menempatkan illegal mining sebagai bentuk kerusakan (fasād) yang dapat dikenai sanksi ta’zir. Kebaruan penelitian ini terletak pada integrasi analisis hukum positif dan hukum pidana Islam. Kontribusinya adalah memberikan rekomendasi alternatif penegakan hukum yang lebih adil, berorientasi pada kemaslahatan, dan menjaga kelestarian lingkungan. Kata Kunci: Hukum pidana Islam, illegal mining, sanksi   Abstract: Illegal mining practices are still rampant in Indonesia despite being strictly regulated in Law Number 3 of 2020 concerning Mineral and Coal Mining, which imposes criminal penalties and fines on perpetrators. This situation causes serious problems, including state losses, environmental damage, and the weak deterrent effect of positive law. This study aims to analyze the criminal sanctions for illegal mining in the Minerba Law and compare them with the perspective of Islamic criminal law. The method used is normative research with a legislative and comparative law approach. The results of the study show that there is a gap between normative rules and practice, while Islamic law considers illegal mining as a form of damage (fasād) that can be subject to ta'zir sanctions. The novelty of this study lies in the integration of positive law and Islamic law analysis. Its contribution is to provide alternative recommendations for law enforcement that is more just, oriented towards public interest, and preserves the environment. Keyword: Islamic criminal law, illegal mining, sanctions
Sanksi Pembunuhan Mutilasi Berencana pada Pasal 340 KUHP dalam Perspektif Hukum Pidana Islam Rahayu, Citra
Jurnal Al-Jina'i Al-Islami Vol. 3 No. 1 (2025): Jurnal Al-Jina'i Al-Islami (June)
Publisher : Islamic Criminal Law Study Program, Faculty of Sharia and Law UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/jaa.v3i1.2079

Abstract

Abstrak: Perkembangan kriminalitas ekstrem, termasuk pembunuhan berencana disertai mutilasi, menimbulkan masalah aktual terkait efektivitas Pasal 340 KUHP yang belum secara eksplisit mengatur mutilasi sebagai faktor pemberat tersendiri. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis sanksi terhadap pembunuhan mutilasi berencana dalam KUHP dan menilai kesesuaiannya dengan prinsip hukum pidana Islam, khususnya terkait keadilan, perlindungan korban, dan efek jera. Metode yang digunakan adalah yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan konseptual dan perundang-undangan, menggunakan studi kepustakaan (library research) sebagai teknik pengumpulan data, meliputi teks KUHP, kitab fiqh pidana, fatwa, jurnal akademik, dan literatur terdahulu. Data dianalisis secara kualitatif, dengan teknik komparatif dan interpretatif untuk menilai kesesuaian antara sanksi KUHP dan prinsip qishash, diyat, serta ta’zir dalam hukum Islam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tindakan mutilasi memperkuat unsur perencanaan dan niat jahat pelaku, sehingga sanksi KUHP perlu diperkuat, sementara hukum Islam menawarkan kerangka normatif holistik melalui qishash, diyat, dan ta’zir. Kebaruan penelitian ini terletak pada integrasi perspektif hukum Islam dengan analisis KUHP, sedangkan kontribusinya mencakup rekomendasi reformasi KUHP yang lebih manusiawi, adil, dan efektif dalam merespons kejahatan ekstrem serta melindungi korban secara menyeluruh. Kata Kunci: Hukum pidana Islam, mutilasi, pembunuhan berencana   Abstract: The rise of extreme crimes, including premeditated murder accompanied by mutilation, raises actual issues regarding the effectiveness of Article 340 of the Criminal Code, which does not explicitly regulate mutilation as a separate aggravating factor. This study aims to analyze the sanctions for premeditated mutilation murder in the Criminal Code and assess their compatibility with the principles of Islamic criminal law, particularly in relation to justice, victim protection, and deterrence. The method used is normative juridical with a conceptual and legislative approach, using library research as a data collection technique, covering the text of the Criminal Code, criminal fiqh books, fatwas, academic journals, and previous literature. The data was analyzed qualitatively, using comparative and interpretative techniques to assess the compatibility between the penalties in the Criminal Code and the principles of qishash, diyat, and ta'zir in Islamic law. The results of the study show that mutilation reinforces the elements of planning and malicious intent of the perpetrator, so that the penalties in the Criminal Code need to be strengthened, while Islamic law offers a holistic normative framework through qishash, diyat, and ta'zir. The novelty of this research lies in the integration of the Islamic law perspective with the analysis of the Criminal Code, while its contribution includes recommendations for a more humane, fair, and effective reform of the Criminal Code in responding to extreme crimes and protecting victims comprehensively. Keyword: Islamic criminal law, mutilation, premeditated murder
Konvergensi Maqāṣid al-Syarī‘ah dan Prinsip Humaniter Internasional Terhadap Jarimah al-Harbiyyah Salsabila, Adzanah Mariska
Jurnal Al-Jina'i Al-Islami Vol. 3 No. 1 (2025): Jurnal Al-Jina'i Al-Islami (June)
Publisher : Islamic Criminal Law Study Program, Faculty of Sharia and Law UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/jaa.v3i1.2258

Abstract

Abstrak: Perang selalu menghadirkan paradoks antara legitimasi politik dan nilai kemanusiaan. Dalam konteks ini, hukum pidana Islam dan hukum humaniter internasional sama-sama berupaya membatasi kekerasan perang dan melindungi martabat manusia, namun sering kali dipersepsikan berjalan secara terpisah. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis konvergensi antara maqāṣid al-syarī‘ah dan prinsip hukum humaniter internasional dalam konteks jarīmah al-ḥarbiyyah sebagai upaya menemukan dasar filosofis bagi sistem hukum global yang lebih humanis dan berkeadilan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif yang menggunakan pendekatan yuridis normatif melalui pendekatan konseptual (conseptual approach) dengan corak filosofis melalui studi pustaka terhadap sumber primer dan sekunder, termasuk karya klasik para fuqahā’ serta dokumen hukum internasional seperti Geneva Conventions 1949 dan Additional Protocols 1977. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa tujuan syariat dalam melindungi jiwa (ḥifẓ al-nafs) sejalan dengan prinsip humaniter seperti humanity, distinction, dan proportionality, yang menekankan perlindungan harkat manusia dalam perang. Dalam konteks jarimah al-harbiyyah, pelanggaran terhadap norma ini seperti membunuh warga sipil atau menyerang secara tidak proporsional merupakan kegagalan penerapan prinsip moral dan etika yang sama. Kebaruan penelitian ini terletak pada pendekatan maqāṣidiyyah yang digunakan untuk membangun jembatan epistemologis antara hukum Islam dan hukum humaniter internasional, sekaligus menawarkan paradigma integratif bagi pengembangan hukum global yang inklusif. Kata Kunci: Humaniter, jarimah al-harbiyyah, maqāṣid al-syarī‘ah.   Abstract: Written War always presents a paradox between political legitimacy and humanitarian values. In this context, Islamic criminal law and international humanitarian law both seek to limit the violence of war and protect human dignity, but are often perceived as operating separately. This study aims to analyze the convergence between maqāṣid al-syarī‘ah and the principles of international humanitarian law in the context of jarīmah al-ḥarbiyyah as an effort to find a philosophical basis for a more humane and just global legal system. This study uses a normative juridical approach with a philosophical character through a literature review of primary and secondary sources, including the classical works of the fuqahā’ and international legal documents such as the 1949 Geneva Conventions and the 1977 Additional Protocols. The results of the study show that the objective of Sharia law in protecting life (ḥifẓ al-nafs) is in line with humanitarian principles such as humanity, distinction, and proportionality, which emphasize the protection of human dignity in war. In the context of jarimah al-harbiyyah, violations of these norms, such as killing civilians or attacking disproportionately, constitute a failure to apply the same moral and ethical principles. The novelty of this research lies in the maqāṣidiyyah approach used to build an epistemological bridge between Islamic law and international humanitarian law, while offering an integrative paradigm for the development of inclusive global law. Keywords: Humanitarian, jarimah al-harbiyyah, maqāṣid al-syarī‘ah

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