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Samota Journal of Biological Sciences (SJBIOS)
Published by Universitas Mataram
ISSN : 30253896     EISSN : 30253896     DOI : https://doi.org/10.29303/sjbios.v4i1
Core Subject : Health, Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology
SJBIOS is the official publication of the Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Mataram. All articles published in SJBIOS are peer-reviewed and published online for immediate access and citation. Scope: - Biology, Ecology and Ecosystems, Environmental and Biodiversity - Conservation - Microbiology - Physiology - Genetics and Epidemology - Biotechnology - Biomedical and Pharmaceutical
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 37 Documents
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Analisis Mikrobiologis Air yang Disimpan Selama Satu Minggu dari Pompa Air dan Mata Air Belum Dikembangkan di New Binanuaanan, Pili, Camarines Sur KEVIN BRIZUELA
Samota Journal of Biological Sciences Vol 4 No 2 (2025): Samota Journal of biological Sciences
Publisher : University of Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/vges5660

Abstract

Abstract: In Barangay New Binanuaanan, Pili, Camarines Sur, many residents not connected to the Pili Water District (PIWAD) depend on distant water pumps and springs for drinking water, which they store for later use. The safety of this stored water, particularly after prolonged storage, has not been previously assessed. This study aims to evaluate the potability of week-long stored water samples from two common sources: a private water pump (Sample 1) and an undeveloped spring (Sample 2). Using the Multiple Tube Fermentation Technique (MTFT), microbiological analyses were conducted by the Metropolitan Naga Water District to determine the presence of total and fecal coliforms. Sample 1 yielded 8.0 Most Probable Number (MPN)/100 mL for both fecal and total coliforms, while Sample 2 showed <1.1 MPN/100 mL for the same indicators. These values were compared to the Department of Health (DOH) standards for drinking water. The results indicate that only the spring water (Sample 2) remained potable after a week of storage, while the pump water (Sample 1) became microbiologically unsafe. This finding underscores the need for improved access to safe water sources and encourages further research on water quality and safe storage practices in underserved communities.    
HUBUNGAN GENETIK SUBORDO SERPENTES BERDASARKAN GEN ND1 Chandra Puspita Dewi; Yuliardi Zamroni; Nur Indah Julisaniah
Samota Journal of Biological Sciences Vol 4 No 2 (2025): Samota Journal of biological Sciences
Publisher : University of Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/6cynvp37

Abstract

The suborder Serpentes comprises a highly diverse group of reptiles commonly known as snakes, characterized by significant morphological, ecological, and behavioral variation. Due to the frequent morphological convergence and environmental adaptation among species, genetic approaches are necessary to clarify their phylogenetic relationships. This study aims to analyze the genetic diversity and infer the evolutionary relationships among selected species within the suborder Serpentes using the mitochondrial gene ND1 (NADH dehydrogenase subunit 1) as a molecular marker. A total of 10 species were analyzed using secondary data obtained from the NCBI Nucleotide database. Sequence alignment was conducted using BioEdit, and phylogenetic analysis was performed with MEGA software employing the UPGMA method and Kimura two-parameter model for genetic distance calculation. The resulting phylogenetic tree showed that species with lower genetic distances tended to cluster together, in accordance with their known taxonomic classifications. Similarity values derived from the genetic distance matrix revealed that species within the same genus had similarity above 90%, species within the same family but different genus showed 80–89% similarity, while species from different families within Serpentes showed similarity ranging from 70–79%. These findings indicate that the ND1 gene serves as an effective molecular marker for assessing genetic relatedness and diversity within Serpentes, and that in silico analysis using secondary genetic data can reliably reflect taxonomic relationships.
The Role of Actinomycetes in Forest Sustainability and Global Ecosystems: A Systematic Review Arsyka Ramdhiani; Nabila Anindita Putri; Reva Nur Ramadhani; Dwi Westi Rosidha; Faturrahman; Ernin
Samota Journal of Biological Sciences Vol 5 No 1 (2025): Samota Journal of biological Sciences
Publisher : University of Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jc5b7c98

Abstract

Increasing deforestation in many regions of Indonesia has led to environmental degradation, soil erosion, and a higher risk of flash floods. In addition to vegetation cover, soil microorganisms play a crucial role in maintaining forest ecosystem functions, particularly Actinomycetes. This study aims to examine the role of soil Actinomycetes in supporting forest ecosystem sustainability, with a focus on their ability to solubilize phosphate, improve and stabilize soil structure, and contribute to the mitigation of environmental impacts caused by deforestation. A systematic review approach was applied by analyzing scientific articles obtained from five databases, comprising 35 journals, of which 17 were identified as relevant. The selected articles were screened based on predefined inclusion criteria and analyzed descriptively. The results indicate that Actinomycetes significantly enhance nutrient availability, especially phosphate, improve soil physical properties by increasing aggregation, porosity, and water infiltration capacity, and support forest health through the production of bioactive compounds that suppress plant pathogens. Overall, soil Actinomycetes play a fundamental role in maintaining soil stability and forest ecosystem sustainability and have strong potential to be utilized in sustainable forest management and environmental conservation strategies
Isolation of Bacillus subtilis from Several Locations in Mataram and its Toxicity to Aedes aegypti Mosquitoes in the Laboratory Alya Supriyani; Laila Annisa Rahmah; Sarkono Sarkono; Galuh Tresnani; Bambang Fajar Suryadi
Samota Journal of Biological Sciences Vol 5 No 1 (2025): Samota Journal of biological Sciences
Publisher : University of Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/kc6ken06

Abstract

One way to biologically control mosquitoes is by utilizing bacteria. Bacillus thuringiensis and Bacillus sphaericus are commonly used bacteria for this purpose. However, Bacillus subtilis has recently attracted the attention of researchers, as it is reported to have potential for use as a biopesticide. In this study, B. subtilis was isolated from several habitats in Mataram and West Lombok and tested on Aedes aegypti larvae to determine its potential toxicity. B. subtilis was isolated from the soil using a heating technique to separate it from other bacteria that do not have endospores and then grown at 33oC for 24 hours. The bacteria that grew were then tested on third-instar Ae. aegypti larvae. From several sampled locations, eight B. subtilis isolates with low toxicity levels were obtained. Toxic B. subtilis isolates were obtained from garden soil (isolate LT2C, 20%) and rhizosphere soil (isolate LB1A, 30%). The toxicity obtained is lower than the toxicity of B. thuringiensis and B. sphaericus, therefore further exploration is needed to be able to utilize B. subtilis as a biopesticide agent.
Identifikasi Jenis Ektoparasit pada Cicak Rumah (Famili: Gekkonidae) di Desa Kotaraja Lombok Timur Galuh Tresnani; Siti Hajariah; Islamul Hadi; I Wayan Suana; Sarkono; Baiq Nuraini Ayu Pita
Samota Journal of Biological Sciences Vol 5 No 1 (2025): Samota Journal of biological Sciences
Publisher : University of Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/snzrs688

Abstract

Cicak rumah merupakan hewan yang yang dekat dengan manusia yang dikhawatirkan dapat membawa dan menularkan spesies parasit salah satunya adalah ektoparasit jenis tungau. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengidentifikasi jenis serta menghitung prevalensi, intensitas infestasi, dan intensitas total ektoparasit pada cicak rumah di Desa Kotaraja Lombok Timur. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan metode random sampling. Cicak yang diperoleh disimpan dalam wadah yang kemudian diberi label sesuai lokasi penangkapan. Tubuh cicak diperiksa dibawah mikroskop stereo pada bagian kepala, telinga, ketiak, ventral, dorsal, paha, ekor, lamella jari, dan mata. Tungau yang ditemukan kemudian dibuat preparat dengan metode preparasi mounting semi permanen menggunakan media Larutan Hoyer’s. Preparat tungau diamati dan diidentifikasi berdasarkan karakter morfologi dengan menggunakan mikroskop cahaya. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan 3 spesies cicak rumah (Hemidactylus platyurus, H. frenatus, dan Gehyra mutilata) dan 8 spesies tungau genus Geckobia. Empat spesies tungau teridentifikasi sebagai Geckobia glebosum, G. indica, G. mysoriensis, G. bataviensis. Empat Geckobia lainnya belum teridentifikasi (G4, G5, G6, G8). Prevalensi tungau tertinggi dijumpai pada cicak H. frenatus (60 %). Intensitas infestasi tungau tertinggi ada pada G. glebosum di cicak H. platyurus, H. frenatus, dan G. mutilate secara berurutan adalah 3,5, 13 dan 2,75. Nilai. intensitas total ektoparasit tertinggi ditempati oleh cicak H. frenatus (9,67).
Investigating the Durability and Life Cycle of Bioplastic Bags Made from Mixed Banana and Cucumber Peel Waste KEVIN BRIZUELA
Samota Journal of Biological Sciences Vol 5 No 1 (2025): Samota Journal of biological Sciences
Publisher : University of Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/g147wa32

Abstract

Plastic pollution is a serious environmental problem because traditional petroleum-based plastic bags cause air, water, and soil pollution and take many years to decompose. This study focused on using banana and cucumber peel waste to produce a more sustainable bioplastic as an alternative to traditional plastic bags. The objectives of this study are: (1) to develop a method for creating bioplastic bags from mixed banana and cucumber peel waste by determining the necessary steps involved in the process, (2) to determine the durability of bioplastic bags made from mixed banana and cucumber peel waste in terms of tensile strength, water resistance and biodegradability, and (3) to evaluate the life cycle of bioplastic bags made from mixed banana and cucumber peel waste in terms of estimated lifespan, biodegradation process, and recommended disposal methods. The researchers used a quasi-experimental research design through an experimental procedure by collecting, cleaning, and shredding the peels into small pieces. The materials were then mixed with agar-agar, glycerin, and borax, heated and stirred to form a mixture, poured into molds, and dried to produce bioplastic sheets. The results showed that the bioplastic could carry around 1.25 kg before tearing and had limited water resistance, as it became soft after about 2 hours in water. However, it demonstrated high biodegradability, fully decomposing within 9 days. The study concludes that bioplastic made from banana and cucumber peel waste is a promising, eco-friendly alternative to traditional plastic, although improvements are recommended to enhance its strength and durability.
Physiological Response of Kappaphycus alvarezzi Seaweed to Ice-Ice Disease Exposure Lalu Arip Fathurrahman; Ernin Hidayati
Samota Journal of Biological Sciences Vol 5 No 1 (2025): Samota Journal of biological Sciences
Publisher : University of Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/2fbe4s35

Abstract

Ice-ice disease remains a major threat in the cultivation of the seaweed Kappaphycus alvarezii, often causing massive crop failures due to a failure to adapt to environmental stress. This study aims to systematically review the physiological responses and metabolite changes of Kappaphycus alvarezii during the transition from a healthy state to an infected phase. A Systematic Literature Review (SLR) was conducted by analyzing 21 scientific articles from Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, Sinta, and Portal Garuda databases published between 2016 and 2026. The data synthesis reveals that abiotic stress, particularly sea surface temperatures above 30°C and salinity below 30 ppt, triggers the overproduction of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), leading to the degradation of photosynthetic pigments and excessive excretion of organic mucus. This weakening of host defenses triggers a microbiome shift from beneficial endophytic bacteria (Bacillus, Halomonas) to opportunistic pathogens (Vibrio, Actinobacillus) that degrade cell walls through agarase enzymatic activity. Although destructive, NPK nutritional intervention through the luxury consumption method, modification of planting depth, and the application of natural antibacterials have proven effective in stimulating tissue regeneration. This study concludes that ice-ice disease is fundamentally a manifestation of physiological failure that can be mitigated through precise environmental management and technology-based early detection.

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