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Articles 33 Documents
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Cultural Heritage Conservation Strategy in Singaraja City, Bali: Strengthening City Identity Through Historical and Architectural Approaches Kurniawan, Agus; Nuri Arthana , I Nyoman; Manuel Maniquin , José
Jurnal Kajian Bali (Journal of Bali Studies) Vol. 15 No. 2 (2025): Symbolism in Balinese Rituals
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/JKB.2025.v15.i02.p03

Abstract

Singaraja city has a rich cultural heritage with significant historical, architectural, and social value. This study is a case study that focuses on three main heritage sites, namely the Buleleng Resident House, the State Junior High School Building 1 Singaraja, and the Buleleng Old Port, which represent the colonial heritage and local identity of the city. The main objective of this study is to formulate an integrated strategy for the preservation of cultural heritage, by identifying the main heritage elements and assessing their conservation challenges and opportunities as sub-objectives. A qualitative descriptive-analytical approach is used through field observations, interviews with local stakeholders, and document analysis. The findings show the need for a multidimensional approach that integrates historical conservation, cultural revitalization, community engagement, and cultural tourism development. This study aligns the findings with applicable policy strategies and contributes to the theory of heritage conservation in Indonesia through strategic recommendations for the sustainable management and promotion of urban heritage assets.
Embodying the Living Corpse: Intermedial Adaptation in Balinese "Calonarang" Shadow Theatre Marajaya, I Made; Sasrani Widyastuti, Ida Ayu Gede
Jurnal Kajian Bali (Journal of Bali Studies) Vol. 15 No. 2 (2025): Symbolism in Balinese Rituals
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/JKB.2025.v15.i02.p14

Abstract

As Balinese Calonarang shadow theatre responds to shifting audience expectations and media influences, intermediality has emerged as a strategic mode of adaptation. This article examines a notable example: the emergence of the watangan matah or ‘living corpse,’ a figure performed by a live actor within the traditionally two-dimensional shadow space. This adaptation bridges symbolic shadow play with embodied presence, negotiating ritual integrity with theatrical spectacle. Using a mixed-method embedded design, the study combines descriptive quantitative data with ethnographic interpretation through observation, video analysis, interviews, and an audience survey. Findings show that the inclusion of watangan matah intensifies visual and emotional impact but generates divided responses between younger, media-oriented audiences and ritual purists. More significantly, staging a live corpse figure introduces power contestation, as puppeteers symbolically challenge mystical forces to assert spiritual authority. Watangan matah thus exemplifies how Calonarang theatre navigates preservation and transformation while maintaining its sacred resonance.  
Perceived Risks and Evolving Travel Expectations: The Reimagining of Langkawi and Bali Tourism Landscapes after COVID-19 Abdullah , Azrul; Azmi , Azila; Mat Isa, Norshamshina; Sucita Yanthy , Putu; Lis Indrianto, Agoes Tinus
Jurnal Kajian Bali (Journal of Bali Studies) Vol. 15 No. 2 (2025): Symbolism in Balinese Rituals
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/JKB.2025.v15.i02.p08

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic has profoundly impacted global tourism, altering travel behaviours and reshaping risk perceptions. This study investigates tourists' perceived risks and travel expectations in the new normal, focusing on Langkawi Island, Malaysia, and Bali, Indonesia, the two prominent Southeast Asian destinations. Using a qualitative approach, in-depth interviews with 60 participants (30 from each destination) revealed three key themes: destination risk, physical equipment risk, and vacation risk. The findings highlight the critical role of health and safety measures, including sanitation practices and digital innovations, in rebuilding tourist confidence. While Langkawi emphasizes family-friendly attractions and local travel bubbles, Bali leverages its cultural heritage and wellness tourism to align with evolving traveller priorities. Recommendations include adopting sustainable tourism practices, enhancing health communication, and integrating contactless technologies to foster resilience in the tourism sector. These insights offer valuable guidance for policymakers and stakeholders in designing adaptive strategies to ensure sustainable growth and competitiveness in the post-pandemic era.
From Refugees to Tourists: The Forfeit of Ukrainians’ Forced Migration Status in Bali Hirshi Anadza; Suyeno; Trianti, Khoiriyah; Fajil Bin Abd Batau, Mohamed
Jurnal Kajian Bali (Journal of Bali Studies) Vol. 15 No. 2 (2025): Symbolism in Balinese Rituals
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/JKB.2025.v15.i02.p05

Abstract

The 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine triggered an unexpected migration pattern, as some Ukrainians chose Bali, Indonesia, as their destination, challenging traditional distinctions between refugees and tourists. This study explores whether we should classify Ukrainians in Bali as refugees, given their tourist-like destination choices and behavior patterns. Through qualitative methodologies including content analysis, semi-structured interviews, observation, and migration theory analysis, the research reveals that Ukrainian presence in Bali aligns more closely with tourism than refugee characteristics, based on lifestyle-driven motivations, variable duration of stay, and destination choice preferences. The economic and social activities of Ukrainians in Bali resemble those of lifestyle migrants more than they do typical refugee patterns. The findings suggest that policy frameworks should maintain tourism-based approaches while acknowledging these migrants' complex circumstances and that traditional refugee-tourist classifications require revision to accommodate cases where conflict displacement intersects with lifestyle-based destination choices.
Bulian Saa: Exploring the Distinct Characteristics of Ritual Language of North Bali’s Indigenous Community Sumaryana Putra, I Komang; Saad , George; Nugraheni Saraswaty, Amrita; Surya Jayadi , I Kadek
Jurnal Kajian Bali (Journal of Bali Studies) Vol. 15 No. 2 (2025): Symbolism in Balinese Rituals
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/JKB.2025.v15.i02.p02

Abstract

Bulian Saa is a distinct form of Balinese Hindu ritual language used by the Bali Mula, the indigenous Balinese community of Bulian Village, North Bali. Unlike other Balinese Hindu ritual languages, Bulian Saa exhibits lexical and structural features that diverge significantly from the standardized ritual language used across Bali, particularly in the names of deities, temples, and sacred elements. This research explores Bulian Saa in comparison with standard Balinese Hindu ritual language, with a focus on the Panca Sembah (Five Turns of Worship). This comparison enables a thorough investigation of the unique characteristics of Bulian Saa that are reflected in language identity and language preference of Balinese Hindu people in Bulian village. The study’s significance lies in documenting and analysing this under-researched variant of Balinese ritual language, fostering its preservation, and providing insights for broader discussions on the relationship between language, tradition, and identity in minority communities.
A Blooming Island Beneath the Patrilineal Canopy: Balinese Women and the Politics of Reproduction Sukardiasih, Ni Luh Gede; Ratih Swandewi , Luh Kadek; Septya Titisari , Anastasia; Kistiana , Sari; Chetri, Alka
Jurnal Kajian Bali (Journal of Bali Studies) Vol. 15 No. 2 (2025): Symbolism in Balinese Rituals
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/JKB.2025.v15.i02.p16

Abstract

The family planning (KB) Krama Bali policy aims to counter Bali’s fertility decline and rising in-migration by promoting a four-child ideal to sustain the indigenous population. However, this policy challenges Balinese women’s reproductive rights and family preferences. Through in-depth interviews with 34 married Balinese women conducted in 2020 and 2022, this study explores how KB Krama Bali shapes fertility decisions, family size preferences, and gender expectations.  Findings reveal three key themes: the number of children women prefer, their perception of an ideal family size, and their desire to have a son. Balinese women navigate conflicting pressures from local family planning policies, economic burdens, and the patrilineal system. Their triple role in economic contributions, reproductive function, and adat (customs) obligations underscores their role in preserving Balinese identity. This study highlights the need for gender-sensitive policies that balance demographic goals with women’s autonomy and well-being
Front Matter Jurnal Kajian Bali (Journal of Bali Studies) Vol. 15 No. 2. 2025 Team JKB, Editoral
Jurnal Kajian Bali (Journal of Bali Studies) Vol. 15 No. 2 (2025): Symbolism in Balinese Rituals
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

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Pundukdawa Movement: In Search of Identity, Deconstructing Ideology of Hierarchy in Contemporary Bali Pitana, I Gde
Jurnal Kajian Bali (Journal of Bali Studies) Vol. 15 No. 3 (2025): Identity in Contemporary Bali
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/JKB.2025.v15.i03.p02

Abstract

Contestations related to hierarchy among the Balinese have long been discussed.  In present-day Bali, one of the most spectacular cases of hierarchical conflict was the conflict surrounding the prohibition of a high priest from Wangsa Pasek (Pasek Maxima Clan) from officiating rituals in Pura Dasar Bhuana in Gelgel, Klungkung. This conflict triggered the construction of a new temple, called Pura Catur Parhyangan Ratu Pasek Linggih Ida Bethara Mpu Ghana located in Pundukdawa village, also in Klungkung district. This research aimed to analyse in depth the motivation of the temple construction and its ramifications, employing a qualitative research approach. It concluded that the development of the new temple is a movement to search and strengthen identity (wangsa identity, identitas ke-wangsa-an), and to increase the maxima clan’s standing. The findings of this research suggest that in analysing the current hierarchy and dominance in Balinese society, it can no longer employ analytical theories based on static hierarchy.
No Pregnancy, No Marriage: Unveiling the Ideology Behind the Discourse of ‘Sing Beling Sing Nganten’ in Balinese Marriage Culture Sukardiasih, Luh Gede; Kusuma, I Nyoman Weda; Hutasoit, Evalina Franciska
Jurnal Kajian Bali (Journal of Bali Studies) Vol. 15 No. 3 (2025): Identity in Contemporary Bali
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/JKB.2025.v15.i03.p09

Abstract

In Bali “sing beling sing nganten” phenomenon literally meaning where a couple gets married only after the bride is pregnant, often to prove her fertility, continues to shape community views on marriage and gender. Although the research was conducted in Tabanan Regency, the phenomenon is largely similar and occurs throughout Bali; therefore, the choice of location does not produce substantive differences in the findings. This study explores the ideologies embedded in “sing beling sing nganten" discourse and how it sustains unequal power relations within marriage and culture. Using qualitative methods and a critical discourse analysis approach, the research identifies four dominant ideologies underpinning the discourse. First, ideology emphasizes lineage and ancestral spiritual continuity. Second, bodily ideology constructs women’s bodies as both autonomous and objectified. Third, fertility ideology reinforces women’s reproductive roles and health. Fourth, common-sense ideology normalizes social acceptance toward this discourse. The study reveals that “sing beling sing nganten” lacks an objective basis of truth and functions primarily to legitimize male power over women.
Forms of Internal Migrants’ Adjustment to Traditional Village Life in the Touristic Area of South Kuta, Bali I Made Sarmita; Agus Joko Pitoyo; Sri Rum Giyarsih
Jurnal Kajian Bali (Journal of Bali Studies) Vol. 15 No. 3 (2025): Identity in Contemporary Bali
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/JKB.2025.v15.i03.p03

Abstract

The increasing flow of internal migrants to Bali has created social and cultural tensions within traditional village communities that uphold Hindu customary systems. This study examines how migrants adjust within the framework of Tri Hita Karana (Parhyangan, Pawongan, and Palemahan). The touristic villages of Jimbaran and Pecatu in South Kuta were selected because both continuously record positive net migration yet show contrasting cultural responses: Jimbaran, as an urban village, is generally more open and adaptive, while rural Pecatu maintains a more conservative orientation, producing different patterns of interaction and occasional tensions. Using a descriptive mixed-method approach, data were collected from 386 respondents across the two villages. The findings show that Krama Tamiu migrants (Balinese Hindus) adapt more easily due to shared religious values, while Tamiu migrants (non-Hindus) face greater barriers, particularly in spiritual participation. Participation levels are higher in Jimbaran, reflecting its more inclusive structure of the urban context. The study links Tri Hita Karana with social capital and acculturation to explain migrant integration.

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