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SI - Physical Society of Indonesia Sarijadi Blok 2 No 22 RT 008, RW 002, Kel. Sarijadi, Kec. Sukasari, Bandung, Jawa Barat, Indonesia. Kode Pos : 40151 ,mail: psi@fisika.or.id
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INDONESIA
Journal of The Physical Society of Indonesia
Published by Physical Society of Indonesia
ISSN : -     EISSN : 26853841     DOI : https://doi.org/10.35895/jpsi.xxx
Core Subject : Science,
Physics
The Journal of the Physical Society of Indonesia JPSI provides an international platform for advancing knowledge in physics emphasizing high quality research that spans theoretical experimental and applied domains JPSI welcomes submissions that push the boundaries of traditional physics disciplines while fostering interdisciplinary collaboration JPSI focus includes but is not limited to the following areas Astrophysics and Astronomy Exploring cosmic phenomena stellar evolution galactic dynamics and the frontiers of observational and theoretical astrophysics Nuclear and Radiation Physics Investigating reactor physics radioisotope applications particle interactions and neutron scattering techniques Atomic and Molecular Physics Delving into the quantum behavior of atoms and molecules spectroscopy and fundamental processes at micro and nanoscale levels Biophysics Bridging physics and biology to understand complex systems biomechanics and biophysical processes Condensed Matter Physics Examining the properties of solids and liquids including superconductivity magnetism and quantum materials Energy Physics Researching renewable energy energy storage and physics based innovations in sustainable energy solutions Geophysics and Atmospheric Physics Addressing Earth dynamics seismic phenomena meteorology climatology and atmospheric processes Material Physics Unveiling the synthesis characterization and application of advanced materials including nanomaterials and photonics Mathematical and Computational Physics Developing and applying mathematical models and computational techniques to solve physical problems across disciplines Optics and Quantum Physics Investigating the behavior of light optical systems quantum phenomena and emerging quantum technologies Particle Physics Studying the fundamental particles of the universe their interactions and implications for cosmology and beyond Physics Education Enhancing teaching methodologies curriculum development and innovative approaches in physics education Interdisciplinary Approach JPSI encourages interdisciplinary studies that combine physics with fields such as engineering biology chemistry and computational sciences The journal fosters a confluence of ideas methodologies and discoveries that contribute to the broader understanding and application of physics ASJC Code 3100 General Physics and Astronomy JPSI is committed to publishing research that not only advances the understanding of physical phenomena but also contributes to the practical and theoretical frameworks that shape the future of science and technology
Arjuna Subject : Fisika dan Astronomi - Fisika dan Astronomi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 20 Documents
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Design and Implementation of an IoT-Based Automatic Irrigation and Environmental Monitoring System for Amorphophallus muelleri (Porang) Cultivation Harsuni, Resky; Laila, Ida; Abdullah, Bualkar; Arifin, Arifin
Journal of the Physical Society of Indonesia Vol. 2 No. 1 (2026): April 2026
Publisher : The Physical Society of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35895/jpsi.2.1.12-24.2026

Abstract

The cultivation of Amorphophallus muelleri (porang) in Indonesia is highly dependent on rainfall patterns and is influenced by environmental factors such as temperature, soil moisture, light intensity, and precipitation. This dependency often results in inefficient irrigation management and suboptimal plant growth. This study aims to develop an Internet of Things (IoT)-based automatic irrigation and environmental monitoring system specifically designed to support porang cultivation and improve water management efficiency. The system was implemented using an Arduino Uno microcontroller and a NodeMCU ESP8266, integrated with DHT22 (temperature and humidity), YL-69 (soil moisture), BH1750 (light intensity), and rain sensors, and connected to the Blynk IoT platform for real-time monitoring and remote control. Calibration results showed low measurement errors of 2.19%, 1.75%, and 5.09% for the temperature, soil moisture, and light intensity sensors, indicating reliable sensor performance. The test results showed that the system was able to automatically activate the water pump when soil moisture fell below the 50% threshold, thereby maintaining soil moisture within the optimal range under various environmental conditions. Overall, the proposed system enables continuous environmental monitoring and effective automatic irrigation control to support optimal porang growth.
Multiscale Atmospheric Drivers of the April 2023 Cilacap Flood: Insights from Himawari-9 RGB Imagery and Radiosonde Data Aminuddin, Jamrud; Susanti, Sri; Mardika, Adnan Dendy; Darmawan, Arief
Journal of the Physical Society of Indonesia Vol. 2 No. 1 (2026): April 2026
Publisher : The Physical Society of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35895/jpsi.2.1.25-33.2026

Abstract

This study analyzes the atmospheric drivers of extreme rainfall during the 27 April 2023 flood event in Cilacap, Indonesia, using satellite, reanalysis, and in situ data. Convective evolution was examined using rainfall records, Himawari-9 cloud-top temperatures, instability indices (CAPE, CIN, KI, TTI), and surface wind fields. Rainfall exceeded 135 mm from the afternoon to nighttime. Satellite observations showed rapid convective growth, with cloud-top temperatures dropping below −75 °C, indicating mature Cumulonimbus clouds. The 24-Hour Night Microphysics RGB imagery revealed convective initiation around 08:00 UTC and intensification during the evening. Atmospheric instability increased prior to the event, with CAPE exceeding 1600 J kg⁻¹ between 09:00 and 12:00 UTC, while CIN decreased below 80 J kg⁻¹. Surface wind analysis identified a strong low-level convergence zone formed by moist onshore flow from the Indian Ocean interacting with inland winds. This convergence provided dynamical lifting that released the stored instability, triggering deep convection that peaked around 15:00 UTC. The results show that the extreme rainfall was driven by the coupling of high thermodynamic instability and local moisture convergence, demonstrating the value of combining NWP products and satellite RGB imagery for diagnosing coastal extreme rainfall.
Seismic Microzonation of Toba Lake Region Using Microtremor Analysis Surya Nanda, Fauzan; Raharjo, Furqon; Ahadi, Suaidi
Journal of the Physical Society of Indonesia Vol. 2 No. 1 (2026): April 2026
Publisher : The Physical Society of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35895/jpsi.2.1.34-46.2026

Abstract

The Toba Lake region, characterized by complex volcanic and tectonic history, represents a significant seismic hazard zone due to its proximity to the active Sumatra Fault System and heterogeneous geological conditions. This study applies the Horizontal to Vertical Spectral Ratio (HVSR) method using microtremor data to assess seismic vulnerability across the region. Three-component microtremor recordings from 29 stations were analyzed to derive key seismic parameters including predominant frequency (), amplification factor (), dominant period (), and seismic vulnerability index (). The results reveal significant spatial variations in seismic hazard parameters, with high vulnerability zones concentrated in the central and southern areas, characterized by low predominant frequencies (0.6-1.2 Hz), high amplification factors (up to 12.0), long dominant periods (1.2-2.1 seconds), and elevated vulnerability indices (Kg > 8.0). These zones correspond to Quaternary alluvial deposits with soft, unconsolidated sediments. Conversely, northern and northwestern regions exhibit lower vulnerability with high predominant frequencies (>2.0 Hz), low amplification factors (<4.0), short dominant periods (<0.6 seconds), and reduced vulnerability indices (Kg < 3.0), correlating with consolidated Miocene volcanic rocks. Critical high-risk areas include measurement points LT34, LT14, LT17, LT21, and LT49, while point LT20 in Tarutung, located along the Sumatra Fault Zone, demonstrates the compound effect of active tectonics and soft geological conditions. The resulting microzonation maps provide a regional-scale framework for seismic hazard identification and disaster risk mitigation planning, and can serve as a reference for prioritizing areas requiring more detailed, site-specific investigations.
Prediction of Rainfall Using a Backpropagation Artificial Neural Network Model over Muaro Jambi Regency Damanik, Irawati; Aminoto, Tugiyo; Hamdi, Husnul
Journal of the Physical Society of Indonesia Vol. 2 No. 1 (2026): April 2026
Publisher : The Physical Society of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35895/jpsi.2.1.59-71.2026

Abstract

This study aims to predict rainfall in Muaro Jambi Regency using the Backpropagation Artificial Neural Network (ANN) method. The input variables include air humidity, air temperature, air pressure, and wind speed, with data obtained from the BMKG Muaro Jambi Climatology Station. The method is quantitative with a time series approach, involving data collection, normalization, and division into training, validation, and testing, along with the application of Trainlm, Trainrp, and Traindx. The results show that air humidity has the greatest influence on rainfall, while temperature, air pressure, and wind speed show weak negative correlations. Testing variations in the number of neurons in the hidden layer shows that 100 neurons with the Traindx algorithm produce the best performance, with a Mean Square Error (MSE) of 4.95%, categorized as very accurate. The Backpropagation ANN model follows the actual rainfall pattern from BMKG with a conformity level of more than 95% and recognizes seasonal patterns such as peak rainfall in March and a decrease in the middle of the year. Thus, this model is effective for predicting rainfall and supports disaster mitigation planning and water resource management in Muaro Jambi Regency.
Mapping of Potential Flood Prone Areas Using the Scoring Method and Overlay in Batanghari Regency Melka Sintia Siburian; Aminoto, Tugiyo; Hamdi, Husnul
Journal of the Physical Society of Indonesia Vol. 2 No. 1 (2026): April 2026
Publisher : The Physical Society of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35895/jpsi.2.1.47-58.2026

Abstract

Mapping of potential flood-prone areas using scoring and overlay methods in Batanghari Regency has been carried out. This study aims to determine the level of flood vulnerability and the distribution of flood-prone areas. The parameters used are rainfall parameters, soil type parameters, river distance parameters, slope parameters, land cover parameters, and elevation parameters. The methods used are scoring and overlay methods with the assistance of ArcGIS 10.8 software. The level of flood vulnerability is classified into three categories: not vulnerable, vulnerable, and highly vulnerable. The results obtained in this study show that the majority of Batanghari Regency has a flood vulnerability level in the not vulnerable class, covering an area of 397,158.03 Ha (72%), with areas in the vulnerable category covering 132,119.089 Ha (24.22%), and highly vulnerable areas covering 15,380.96 Ha (2.82%). In contrast, the area that is relatively safe from flooding is the Bajubang District, which covers an area of 102,592.1 hectares (90.17%). This indicates that some areas of Batanghari Regency are prone to flooding, making it very important to take disaster mitigation actions in the Batanghari Regency.
Co-Seismic Surface Deformation Associated with the 2 May 2025 Padang Panjang Earthquake Derived from Sentinel-1 DInSAR Khairunnisa, Khairunnisa; Ahadi, Suaidi; Agung Satria, Lori
Journal of the Physical Society of Indonesia Vol. 2 No. 1 (2026): April 2026
Publisher : The Physical Society of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35895/jpsi.2.1.1-11.2026

Abstract

This study analyzed surface deformation associated with the Mw 4.8 earthquake that occurred in Padang Panjang, West Sumatra, on May 2, 2025. The purpose of this research was to identify surface changes using Differential Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (DInSAR) with Sentinel-1A imagery from the European Space Agency. The analysis covered the pre-earthquake period (April 8–May 2, 2025) and the post-earthquake period (May 2–June 7, 2025). The deformation values represented displacement along the satellite Line of Sight (LOS). The results showed a clear spatial change between the two periods. Before the earthquake, the area near the epicenter exhibited LOS displacement values of approximately +0.45 mm, while after the earthquake, the values decreased to around −0.045 mm, indicating relative subsidence along the LOS direction. The observed LOS displacement difference of about −0.495 mm suggested a surface response to seismic activity. However, the deformation magnitude was relatively small and may have been influenced by atmospheric effects, decorrelation, and interferometric noise. Therefore, the results were interpreted cautiously without strong tectonic attribution. This study demonstrated the capability of DInSAR to detect subtle surface deformation in seismic regions.
Air Quality Dynamics in the Vicinity of PT. Semen Padang, Padang City, Indonesia: Insights from Sentinel-5P Data During 2023 Nanda, Fauzan Surya
Journal of the Physical Society of Indonesia Vol. 1 No. 1 (2025): (April 2025)
Publisher : The Physical Society of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35895/jpsi.1.1.26-35.2025

Abstract

This study aims to evaluate air quality in the vicinity of PT. Semen Padang, Padang City, West Sumatra, Indonesia, throughout 2023, utilizing data from the Copernicus Sentinel-5P satellite. The analysis reveals significant variations in the concentrations of pollutants such as carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen dioxide (NO₂), sulfur dioxide (SO₂), and ozone (O₃). Higher pollutant concentrations were observed in urban areas, influenced by industrial activities and vehicular emissions. Levels of CO and O₃ frequently exceeded the World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines, posing potential health risks. Although most pollutant concentrations remained within safe limits, the findings underscore the importance of continuous air quality monitoring and the implementation of targeted mitigation measures to preserve environmental quality and safeguard public health, particularly in densely populated areas.
ENSO and IOD Variability: Impacts on Precipitation and Sea Surface Temperature in Bali and NTB Deshafa, Abdul Fadhilla
Journal of the Physical Society of Indonesia Vol. 1 No. 1 (2025): (April 2025)
Publisher : The Physical Society of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35895/jpsi.1.1.13-25.2025

Abstract

This study investigated how interactions between the El Niño–Southern Oscillation and the Indian Ocean Dipole influenced sea surface temperature and rainfall variability in Bali and West Nusa Tenggara. Monthly sea surface temperature, precipitation, and wind data from January 2004 to August 2022 were analyzed using reanalysis and satellite-derived datasets alongside indices of oceanic and dipole variability. Five representative climate phase combinations were identified to capture neutral, wet, and dry conditions. Statistical and spatial analyses demonstrated that coupled El Niño and positive dipole phases produced the strongest cooling of sea surface temperatures (up to 1.2 °C below average) and the most severe rainfall deficits (exceeding 10 mm per day). Conversely, La Niña with positive dipole phases yielded enhanced wet-season rainfall (up to 13 mm per day). These findings showed that phase interactions modulated monsoonal moisture supply, informing water resource management and climate adaptation in coastal Indonesia
Vulnerability Analysis of Andalas University Library Building Using Microtremor HVSR Method Pohan, Ahmad Fauzi; Putri, Yunita; Algusduri, Nopra; Islami, Keisyah Putri; Fitri, Intan; Fiona, Gusti; Deshafa, Abdul Fadhila; Fajri, Rahmad; Erawati, Yuni; Rahmah, Rika Amalya; Jannah, Azani; Nanda, Fauzan Surya; Zai, Febriwati
Journal of the Physical Society of Indonesia Vol. 1 No. 1 (2025): (April 2025)
Publisher : The Physical Society of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35895/jpsi.1.1.36-44.2025

Abstract

This research aims to analyze the vulnerability of the Andalas University Library UPT Building which is located in an earthquake-prone area using the microtremor HVSR method. Measurements were taken at 20 points on each floor of the building to determine the natural frequency value, amplification factor, and seismic vulnerability index. The results show that the natural frequency values have a stable distribution pattern on most floors, with small variations on certain floors due to mass distribution or structural stiffness. The highest amplification values were found on floors 2 and 3, indicating the potential for local resonance. The highest seismic vulnerability index is on floor 2 with values up to 750, indicating the need for more attention to the design and structural strength of that floor. The HVSR method proved effective in analyzing the dynamic characteristics and potential vulnerability of buildings to earthquakes, providing important information for risk mitigation in disaster-prone areas.
Initial Design of Earthquake Early Warning System With Smartphone Display Audia, Washilla; Yulkifli, Yulkifli; Yohandri, Yohandri
Journal of the Physical Society of Indonesia Vol. 1 No. 1 (2025): (April 2025)
Publisher : The Physical Society of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35895/jpsi.1.1.1-12.2025

Abstract

This research presents the preliminary design of an automatic vibration detection system that can be used as an earthquake early warning system using the Internet of Things and a smartphone display, and to investigate the relationship between vibration acceleration and vibration intensity and magnitude. Earthquake early warning is an important tool to reduce the danger of earthquakes and is a form of earthquake mitigation. This system is designed using MPU6050, ESP8266, Arduino IDE, Buzzer, LCD, and Smartphone sensors. The relationship between variations in vibration intensity and magnitude with vibration acceleration is directly proportional. This system has 96% accuracy and the accuracy of vibration acceleration read on the system is 92%. This system can be a simple earthquake early warning solution in earthquake-prone areas to minimize the risk of earthquake natural disasters and can be used as a basis for developing earthquake disaster mitigation systems.

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