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Physics Communication
Published by Universitas Negeri Semarang
ISSN : -     EISSN : 2528598X     DOI : https://doi.org/10.15294/pc
Core Subject : Education,
Education
Physics Communication is devoted to reporting important new developments in the area of physics and physics education.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Pendidikan
Articles 24 Documents
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Development of a Diffraction-Based Micro-Diameter Measurement Instrument Siti Muthoharoh; Supriyadi Supriyadi; Bambang Subali
Physics Communication Vol. 10 No. 1 (2026): February 2026
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/pc.v10i1.39373

Abstract

This study presents the development and evaluation of a low-cost, non-contact micro-diameter measurement instrument based on Fraunhofer diffraction for physics education and basic laboratory use. The prototype integrates a 650 nm laser diode, a 16-channel photodiode array, and an ESP32 microcontroller to automate diffraction pattern acquisition and analysis. Repeated measurements were conducted on human hair and banana midrib fibers, with twenty trials for each sample, to examine measurement stability and precision. The system consistently captured diffraction patterns within expected physical ranges. The mean diameter of the human hair sample was 1.99 μm with a standard deviation of 0.12 μm and a coefficient of variation (CV) of 6.03%, indicating high precision. For banana midrib fibers, the mean diameter was 3.22 μm with a standard deviation of 0.37 μm and a CV of 11.49%, which is acceptable for heterogeneous biological materials. Narrow 95% confidence intervals for both samples confirm reliable mean estimation. The results demonstrate that the developed instrument provides stable, repeatable measurements while remaining affordable and simple to operate. This prototype is therefore suitable as an instructional laboratory tool for teaching diffraction concepts and quantitative measurement skills in physics education, as well as for basic research in resource-limited laboratory environments.
Design on Wind Turbine Performance to Support Sustainable Development: A Systematic Literature Review Siti Windi Fabian; Ernawati Saptaningrum; Wawan Kurniawan
Physics Communication Vol. 10 No. 1 (2026): February 2026
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/pc.v10i1.40760

Abstract

To achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), wind energy optimization is crucial, but it is often ineffective in environments with low wind speeds and high turbulence. This systematic literature review (SLR) examines the impact of wind turbine design modifications on improving aerodynamic performance. This study analyzes peer-reviewed articles from the Scopus database published between 2018 and 2025 using the PRISMA protocol. The selection process focused on physical design interventions, analysis techniques, and quantitative performance parameters. The results show that blade geometry modifications dominate the literature, with research covering conventional optimization approaches as well as emerging strategies such as biomimicry, blade tip engineering, and additive manufacturing materials. Methodologically, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations are predominantly used over purely experimental methods. Overall, the design modifications reviewed showed improvements in power coefficient (Cp) and initial torque characteristics. This study concludes that physical designs tailored to local wind conditions are crucial for maximizing wind energy potential in areas with limited resources.
Comparison of Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) and Experimental Reality in Fluid Viscosity Dynamics Elgana Septiana; Joko Saefan; Joko Siswanto
Physics Communication Vol. 10 No. 1 (2026): February 2026
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/pc.v10i1.45531

Abstract

Determining fluid viscosity using the conventional falling-sphere method is frequently confronted with challenges related to experimental variability and measurement instrument limitations. As an alternative, Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) offer a computational approach capable of integrating physical laws into the neural network architecture. This study aims to evaluate the predictive accuracy of the PINNs model regarding the velocity of a falling sphere, as well as to compare it with the analytical solution of Stokes flow and experimental data. Data collection was conducted using a viscometer equipped with five infrared sensors, while the PINNs model was trained by balancing the experimental data loss and the physics loss derived from the equation of motion. The comparative results demonstrate that PINNs generally succeed in modeling the dynamics of the sphere's motion, convergently reaching terminal velocity. Nevertheless, two primary modeling limitations were identified. First, the model experiences an overshoot during the initial phase of motion due to the network's spectral bias effect when responding to drastic velocity changes. Second, the experimental data reveal a persistent velocity deceleration in the final phase that both the analytical and PINNs predictions failed to capture. This empirical anomaly indicates the occurrence of a shift in boundary-layer separation alongside the thixotropic effects of the fluid. In conclusion, PINNs prove to be a promising approach for bridging the gap between computational modeling and experimentation; however, this architecture still requires the inclusion of dynamic parameters to fully accommodate the complexity of fluids under real-world conditions.
An Ethnophysics E-Module Based on Indonesian Bamboo Spinning Tops for Contextual Mechanics Learning Siti Muhafidhoh; Siti Wahyuni; Listiyanto Listiyanto; Hartono Hartono
Physics Communication Vol. 10 No. 1 (2026): February 2026
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/pc.v10i1.50063

Abstract

This study aimed to analyze the characteristics of an integrated ethnophysics e-module for mechanics learning, determine its validity based on expert evaluations, and examine students’ responses toward its implementation. The study employed a Research and Development (R&D) method using the Four-D (4D) development model consisting of define, design, develop, and disseminate stages. The main characteristics of the developed e-module included integration of PDF and Google Sites, ethnophysics context and Magnus effect approach, multirepresentation mechanics materials, interactive multimedia features. The validation results showed that the developed e-module achieved an average percentage of 89.58% from material experts and 85.00% from media experts, both categorized as highly valid. In addition, the student response results obtained an average percentage of 90.25%, categorized as very positive. These findings indicate that the developed ethnophysics e-module has the potential to support contextual, interactive, and technology-based mechanics learning through the integration of local cultural phenomena and digital learning media.

Page 3 of 3 | Total Record : 24

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