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International Journal of Health Science
Published by Lembaga Pengembangan Kinerja Dosen
ISSN : 2827959X     EISSN : 28279603     DOI : 10.55606
Core Subject : Health, Social,
Health Professions Public Health Social Sciences
International Journal of Health Science, This journal publishes articles on practice, theory, and research in all areas of health, including: Surgical Medical Practice, Pharmacy, Maternity, Child Health, Mental Health, Public Health, Dental, Medical Education, Midwifery, Medicine and Nursing, Health Policy and Management, Community Nutrition, Environmental Health, Epidemiology, Reproductive Health, Health Promotion, Occupational Safety & Health, Other Health Professions. This journal publishes three times a year (March, July, November)
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Kesehatan (Ilmu Sosial)
Articles 281 Documents
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Administrative Resilience in Middle Eastern Healthcare within Conflict Zones Agustina Bangun; M. Agung Rahmadi; Luthfiah Mawar; Suranta Ginting; Hariana Erdewi Sinaga; Helsa Nasution; Nurzahara Sihombing
International Journal Of Health Science Vol. 5 No. 3 (2025): November : International Journal of Health
Publisher : Lembaga Pengembangan Kinerja Dosen

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55606/ijhs.v5i3.6206

Abstract

This study examines the construct of administrative resilience within mental and physical health service systems in Middle East conflict zones using Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) within Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). Data were derived from 847 policy documents and operational reports from twelve countries (2018–2024), accessed through official online sources. The measurement model showed good fit indices (χ²/df = 2.134, CFI = 0.962, TLI = 0.955, RMSEA = 0.047, SRMR = 0.038), indicating structural stability and validity of the theoretical model. CFA confirmed four dimensions of administrative resilience with significant loadings: Adaptive Policy (λ = 0.871, CR = 12.453, p < 0.001), Cross-Sector Coordination (λ = 0.834, CR = 11.287, p < 0.001), Professional Competence (λ = 0.792, CR = 10.564, p < 0.001), and Operational Stability (λ = 0.815, CR = 11.098, p < 0.001). Reliability results were strong (Cronbach's α = 0.863–0.921; Composite Reliability = 0.879–0.934; AVE = 0.647–0.782). Findings reinforce Boin and Lodge’s (2016) concept of organizational resilience and extend Comfort et al. (2010) by integrating operational stability as a relevant dimension in conflict settings. Unlike Kruk et al. (2015), which focused on general health systems, this study identifies unique adaptive mechanisms within dual mental–physical services while addressing the fragmentation gap noted by Jawad et al. (2019) through empirical formulation of interdependent administrative dimensions.
From Benign To Malignant: A Case Report of Male Breast Cancer Mimicking Gynecomastia Made Adwitya Krisna Kinasih; Ketut Suparna
International Journal Of Health Science Vol. 5 No. 3 (2025): November : International Journal of Health
Publisher : Lembaga Pengembangan Kinerja Dosen

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55606/ijhs.v5i3.6207

Abstract

Introduction: Carcinoma of the male breast is a very uncommon malignancy and accounts for less than 1% of all cases of breast carcinoma. The nonspecific presentation, along with low clinical suspicion, usually results in diagnosis at a delayed stage and poorer outcomes. Gynecomastia is a benign proliferation of male breast tissue and is the most common differential diagnosis that can mask underlying malignancy. Objective: To present a rare case of male breast cancer initially misdiagnosed as gynecomastia, and to emphasize the importance of early recognition and accurate differentiation between benign and malignant male breast conditions. Case Report: A 40-year-old male patient presented with a progressively enlarging right breast mass, which was earlier diagnosed as gynecomastia. The mass had been present since childhood but showed notable growth over the past two years. Physical examination revealed a hard, immobile, tender mass, 7 × 10 cm in size, without nipple discharge or axillary lymphadenopathy. Histopathology confirmed mixed carcinoma: invasive carcinoma of no special type with invasive lobular carcinoma. No metastasis was seen on imaging studies. Immunohistochemistry showed ER(+), PR(+), HER2(-), and Ki-67 at 20%. The patient underwent modified radical mastectomy, chemotherapy, and tamoxifen therapy, with no recurrence observed at six-month follow-up. Discussion: This case represents the diagnostic dilemma in differentiating male breast cancer from gynecomastia, particularly in young males without any risk factors. The diagnosis is even difficult when it is an invasive lobular carcinoma or a mixed type. Imaging and biopsy remain important in the management. Conclusion: Clinicians should have a high index of suspicion for malignancy when dealing with male breast masses. A timely diagnosis ensures appropriate treatment and results in better patient outcomes.
The Potential of Complementary Therapy Using Bay Leaves (Syzygium polyanthum) and Ginger (Zingiber officinale) in Lowering Blood Glucose Levels in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus: A Literature Review Ria Rizka Mansur; Musdalipa Musdalipa; Selviana Tawil
International Journal Of Health Science Vol. 5 No. 3 (2025): November : International Journal of Health
Publisher : Lembaga Pengembangan Kinerja Dosen

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55606/ijhs.v5i3.6214

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a global public health issue, with its prevalence steadily increasing. The 2023 Indonesian Health Survey (SKI) reported that 11.7% of the population aged ≥15 years is affected by DM. DM is marked by high blood glucose levels due to impaired insulin secretion or action, leading to chronic complications. While conventional treatments such as insulin and oral antidiabetic drugs are effective, their long-term use can cause side effects, including hypoglycemia, gastrointestinal issues, and economic burdens. As a result, herbal-based complementary therapies are gaining attention due to their safety, accessibility, and alignment with Indonesian culture. Research suggests that certain herbs can lower blood glucose by increasing insulin secretion, improving insulin sensitivity, inhibiting glucose absorption, and offering antioxidant effects. Herbs like bay leaves (Syzygium polyanthum) and ginger (Zingiber officinale) have shown hypoglycemic activity. This literature review aims to explore the potential, mechanisms, preparation, and clinical evidence of using bay leaves and ginger for glycemic control. Findings indicate that both herbs improve insulin sensitivity, inhibit α-glucosidase, and exhibit antioxidant effects. However, further research, including large-scale clinical trials and multidisciplinary studies, is needed to validate these benefits and explore synergies with conventional therapies.
Analysis Of Referral System at Maccini Sombala Health Center Based on Human Resources, Medicine Availability, And Service Needs Nur Akifa Sartika Putri; Suci Safwa Salsabila
International Journal Of Health Science Vol. 5 No. 3 (2025): November : International Journal of Health
Publisher : Lembaga Pengembangan Kinerja Dosen

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55606/ijhs.v5i3.6215

Abstract

The implementation of the referral system from First Level Health Facilities (FKTP) to Advanced Referral Health Facilities (FKRTL) occurs when a health facility faces limitations in resources, such as infrastructure, tools, personnel, or budget. Referrals are also made when patients require specialized care, hospitalization, diagnostic tools, or services that the initial health facility cannot provide, including emergency situations. The BPJS Health annual report on referrals at the Layang Health Center indicates a steady increase in the number of referrals year by year. This study aims to analyze the factors supporting and hindering the referral system, focusing on input and process aspects. The research adopts a qualitative case study approach with 17 informants, including health service employees, center heads, doctors, nurses, pharmacists, laboratory staff, JKN officers, and referred patients. The findings show that human resources at the Layang Health Center are adequate, but there are challenges with the availability of medicines, such as shortages and delays in distribution. Referrals are generally made based on medical needs, but some patients request their own referrals. The center’s health facilities are insufficient, and some essential tools are missing. Although the referral system is based on BPJS Health regulations, its implementation faces obstacles. Patients are often unaware of referral requirements, highlighting the need for better socialization and improved medicine and facility provision to optimize the system.
Index Card Match as an Interactive Strategy to Improve Elementary School Students' Science Learning Activeness Nur Hikma Maulia; Erma Suryani Sahabuddin; Nur Abidah Idrus
International Journal Of Health Science Vol. 5 No. 3 (2025): November : International Journal of Health
Publisher : Lembaga Pengembangan Kinerja Dosen

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55606/ijhs.v5i3.6217

Abstract

This study aimed to explore whether the Index Card Match learning model could boost student engagement in science lessons for fourth-grade pupils at UPT SDN 83 Mangindara. We took a descriptive qualitative approach, focusing on how the model was applied and its impact on student activities. The research happened at UPT SDN 83 Mangindara in Takalar Regency during the 2024/2025 school year, involving 22 fourth-grade students 7 girls and 15 boys. Data came from observations, tests, and documentation, analyzed through qualitative descriptive methods. The findings showed that using the Index Card Match model in science classes did enhance student learning activities at UPT SDN 83 Mangindara. In Cycle I, activities were low in the first meeting (categorized as "Less" or K) and stayed that way in the second. But by Cycle II, things improved: the first meeting hit "Enough" (C), and the second reached "Good" (B). Meanwhile, the teacher's performance was solid from the start, rated "Good" (B) in both meetings of Cycle I, and it held steady at that level through both meetings in Cycle II.
The Relationship Between the Anxiety Level of Primiparous Mothers Who Are Not Accompanied by Their Husbands and the Duration of Labor Dian Shofia Reny Setyanti; Nurhayani Nurhayani
International Journal Of Health Science Vol. 5 No. 3 (2025): November : International Journal of Health
Publisher : Lembaga Pengembangan Kinerja Dosen

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55606/ijhs.v5i3.6221

Abstract

In Indonesia, the main causes of maternal mortality are sepsis, abortion problems, prolonged labor, eclampsia, and hemorrhage. These causes of death have varying contributions, with sepsis (10%), hemorrhage (28%), which is often unpredictable and occurs suddenly, and prolonged labor (9%) contributing each. Psychological illness in pregnant women during pregnancy, environmental factors that trigger labor, and the high maternal mortality rate in Indonesia are contributing factors. This is undeniably due to the lack of support from various parties during pregnancy and childbirth, especially in the role of the family who inspires motivation during the labor process. It is very important to help mothers relax mentally. The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation between the duration of labor and the level of anxiety experienced by first-time mothers who are not supported by their partners. A cross-sectional methodology was used in this study. A direct random sampling approach was used for sample collection. The relationship between the duration of labor and the level of anxiety was analyzed using the Spearman rank formula, which uses an ordinal scale for anxiety. The results of this study revealed a strong correlation between the level of anxiety experienced by first-time pregnant women who were not accompanied by their partners and the length of the labor process {Spearman rank: 0.515, p value: 0.004, OR: 4.867 (95% CI: 4.74-5.00)}.
Application of Lavender Aromatherapy and Warm Water Foot Soak Therapy in Hypertensive Patients: A Case Report Jessika Maharani Putri; Faqih Ruhyanudin
International Journal Of Health Science Vol. 5 No. 3 (2025): November : International Journal of Health
Publisher : Lembaga Pengembangan Kinerja Dosen

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55606/ijhs.v5i3.6222

Abstract

Hypertension is a chronic increase in blood pressure that serves as one of the leading causes of cardiovascular disease and mortality in Indonesia. Management of hypertension not only focuses on pharmacological therapy but also involves non-pharmacological interventions such as complementary therapy. The combination of lavender aromatherapy and warm foot soak therapy is believed to reduce blood pressure through physiological and psychological relaxation effects. Objective: To describe changes in blood pressure among hypertensive patients after receiving a combination of lavender aromatherapy and warm foot soak therapy. Method: This study employed a case report design on Mr. E, a 52-year-old patient with mild to moderate hypertension in Balikpapan, East Kalimantan. The intervention was conducted for five consecutive days, with each session lasting 15–20 minutes. Blood pressure was measured before and after the therapy using a digital sphygmomanometer. Data were analyzed descriptively by comparing pre-test and post-test results. Results: A gradual decrease in blood pressure was observed, from 139/98 mmHg to 120/85 mmHg, with an average reduction of 19 mmHg in systolic and 13 mmHg in diastolic pressure. The patient also reported increased relaxation, reduced headache, and improved sleep quality after the intervention. Conclusion: The combination of lavender aromatherapy and warm foot soak therapy effectively reduces blood pressure through synergistic mechanisms, namely peripheral vasodilation and activation of the parasympathetic nervous system, which induce relaxation effects. This therapy can be applied as a safe, simple, and holistic complementary non-pharmacological nursing intervention to support hypertension management.  
The Potential of Bajakah Endophytic Fungus (Spatholobus littoralis Hassk) Against Staphylococcus aureus Bacteria Putri Nadila Utami; Kunti Nastiti; Melviani Melviani; Dede Mahdiyah
International Journal Of Health Science Vol. 5 No. 3 (2025): November : International Journal of Health
Publisher : Lembaga Pengembangan Kinerja Dosen

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55606/ijhs.v5i3.6230

Abstract

A plant that has great potential as a source of traditional medicine is Spatholobus littoralis Hassk, or better known as bajakah. The research aims to analyze the Potential of Bajakah Endophytic Fungi (Spatholobus littoralis Hassk) Against Staphylococcus aureus Bacteria. This research was conducted at the Pharmaceutical Microbiology Laboratory, Faculty of Health, Sari Mulia University, Banjarmasin. The study used endophytic fungi on Bajakah wood (Spatholobus littoralis Hassk). The research design used was a True Experimental design with the aim of identifying the antibacterial activity of Bajakah endophytic fungi (Spatholobus littoralis Hassk) and testing the inhibitory power of Bajakah endophytic fungi (Spatholobus littoralis Hassk) against Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. Three isolates of endophytic fungi from Bajakah stems (Spatholobus littoralis Hassk) showed antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus bacteria with varying levels of potency. Isolate (JEB 1) which is estimated to originate from Aspergillus sp showed very strong antibacterial activity with an inhibition zone diameter of 27.18 ± 0.725 mm. Isolate (JEB 1) has a Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) value at a concentration of 5 x 106 ppm and the best Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) at a concentration of 5 x 106 ppm. These findings indicate that endophytic fungi, especially from Aspergillus sp, have potential as natural antibacterial agents that can be further developed as candidates for new antibacterial materials based on local natural resources.
Health Service Utilization at West Sulawesi Provincial General Hospital Aulia Apriliani; Nur Akifa Sartika Putri
International Journal Of Health Science Vol. 5 No. 3 (2025): November : International Journal of Health
Publisher : Lembaga Pengembangan Kinerja Dosen

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55606/ijhs.v5i3.6234

Abstract

In 2021, the number of outpatient visits at the West Sulawesi Provincial Hospital decreased by 46% compared to 2019, indicating a significant decline in the utilization of health services. This study aimed to analyze the factors related to the utilization of health facility services among outpatients. This quantitative research employed a cross-sectional design with a total of 100 respondents selected through accidental sampling. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and analyzed using statistical tests to identify relationships between variables. The findings revealed that health insurance (p < 0.001) and affordability of access (p = 0.008) had a significant relationship with the utilization of health facility services. In contrast, knowledge (p = 0.075) and perception of pain (p = 0.055) were not significantly associated with service utilization. These results suggest that socioeconomic factors, particularly the ownership of health insurance and the accessibility of health services, play a crucial role in determining patients’ healthcare-seeking behavior. Therefore, efforts to improve health service utilization should focus on expanding insurance coverage, reducing access barriers, and ensuring the equitable availability of healthcare facilities in all regions.
The Effect Of Exclusive Breastfeeding History And Infant Feeding (PMBA) On The Nutritional Status Of Toddlers Aged 1-5 Years In Sialang Panjang Village Sonia Sakawati Putri; Roni Ardian; Abul Haitsan
International Journal Of Health Science Vol. 5 No. 3 (2025): November : International Journal of Health
Publisher : Lembaga Pengembangan Kinerja Dosen

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55606/ijhs.v5i3.6238

Abstract

Toddlerhood is a golden period that requires optimal nutritional fulfillment to support toddler growth and development. Exclusive breastfeeding and proper Infant and Child Feeding (PMBA) play an important role in preventing nutritional problems. The Indonesian Toddler Nutritional Status Survey (2024) reported that 150.2 million toddlers (23.2%) experienced stunting, 42.8 million toddlers (6.6%) experienced wasting, 12.2 million toddlers (1.9%) experienced severe wasting, and 35.5 million toddlers (5.4%) experienced overweight (WHO, 2024). Data from the Sialang Panjang Village Health Center in 2024 showed that there were still cases of malnutrition in 6 toddlers, stunting in 7 toddlers, and underweight in 17 toddlers. To determine the effect of the history of exclusive breastfeeding and Infant and Child Feeding (PMBA) on the nutritional status of toddlers aged 1–5 years in Sialang Panjang Village. This study used a quantitative method with an analytical observational design with a cross-sectional approach. A sample of 91 toddlers was selected using simple random sampling. Data were collected through questionnaires, interviews, and anthropometric measurements, analyzed using the Chi-Square test (p<0.05). The results showed no significant effect of exclusive breastfeeding history on toddler nutritional status (p=0.189). Meanwhile, infant feeding (PMBA) showed a significant effect (p=0.015). Strengthening exclusive breastfeeding education programs and mentoring PMBA practices according to WHO recommendations is needed, involving village health workers to support optimal nutritional status of toddlers.

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