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M. Reza Saputra
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INDONESIA
Journal of Law, Human Rights, Immigration, and Corrections
Published by Yayasan Cerdas Pedia Indonesia
ISSN : -     EISSN : 31235778     DOI : https://doi.org/10.65101/lawric
Core Subject : Humanities, Social,
Humanities Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences
Journal of Law, Human Rights, Immigration, and Corrections (LAWRIC) is a peer-reviewed academic publication that brings together interdisciplinary research and critical scholarship on legal frameworks, human rights issues, migration studies, and correctional systems. Issued three times a year in February, June, and October the journal features original empirical studies, theoretical analyses, policy evaluations, and comparative perspectives aimed at advancing understanding of law’s role in protecting individual rights, regulating cross-border movement, and reforming correctional practices. By welcoming contributions from scholars, practitioners, and policymakers worldwide, the journal fosters rigorous dialogue on emerging challenges and best practices across its four focal areas, without focusing on a specific theme for each issue.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Hukum
Articles 27 Documents
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Urgently Regulating Gacha Microtransactions as Digital Gambling in Indonesian Consumer Protection Theory Moh. Zidhan Madina; Dolot Alhasni Bakung; Fitran Amrain
Journal of Law, Human Rights, Immigration, and Corrections Vol. 1 No. 3 (2026): Journal of Law, Human Rights, Immigration, and Corrections
Publisher : Yayasan Cerdas Pedia Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.65101/lawric.v1i3.322

Abstract

The urgency of microtransaction regulation through the in-game gacha system developed by miHoYo as a form of practice that potentially resembles digital gambling. The gacha system raises legal issues because players spend money to acquire virtual items at random with no certainty of outcome. This research uses normative legal method with legislation, conceptual, and comparative approaches. The results of the study indicate that Indonesia does not yet have specific regulations governing the gacha system, causing a legal vacuum in the protection of digital consumers. Gacha practices also potentially violate the principles of transparency, fairness, and consumers ' right to truthful, clear, and honest information. Therefore, special arrangements are needed that regulate the transparency of opportunities, age restrictions, transaction supervision, and responsibility of digital game business actors.
Judicial Reasoning on Force Majeure in Banking Credit Agreements Following Natural Disasters Moh. Nur Rahmat Cono; Nirwan Junus; Mohamad Taufiq Zulfikar Sarson
Journal of Law, Human Rights, Immigration, and Corrections Vol. 1 No. 3 (2026): Journal of Law, Human Rights, Immigration, and Corrections
Publisher : Yayasan Cerdas Pedia Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.65101/lawric.v1i3.323

Abstract

This article examines judicial reasoning in determining whether a debtor’s failure to perform obligations under a banking credit agreement following a natural disaster constitutes force majeure or breach of contract. It applies normative legal research using statutory, conceptual, and case approaches, with a comparative analysis of Decision Number 9/Pdt.G/2019/PTA.Gtlo of the Gorontalo Religious High Court and Decision Number 97/Pdt.G/2020/PA.Pal of the Palu Religious Court. The study finds that the Gorontalo decision recognized relative overmacht and restricted collateral execution, whereas the Palu decision rejected force majeure because the contractual object remained usable and the debtor lacked sufficient good faith. These differing approaches create uncertainty for creditors in debt recovery, restructuring, and collateral execution. The article proposes assessment indicators based on causation, the condition of the collateral, the temporary or permanent nature of the impediment, debtor good faith, restructuring efforts, and proportional creditor action.
Effectiveness of Alcoholic Beverage Regulation Enforcement for Public Order in Gorontalo City Ahmad Hidayat Djabarudin; Zamroni Abdussamad; Julius T. Mandjo
Journal of Law, Human Rights, Immigration, and Corrections Vol. 1 No. 3 (2026): Journal of Law, Human Rights, Immigration, and Corrections
Publisher : Yayasan Cerdas Pedia Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.65101/lawric.v1i3.330

Abstract

This article examines the effectiveness of Gorontalo City Regional Regulation Number 3 of 2017 on alcoholic beverage control and supervision in realizing public order. The study responds to the persistence of hidden and adaptive illegal sales despite the regulation’s administrative objectives. Using empirical legal research with a qualitative approach, data were collected through interviews with Civil Service Police Unit officers, community information, observation, and supporting documents, then analyzed through legal effectiveness and law enforcement theories. The findings show that implementation has occurred through patrols, raids, supervision, enforcement, and public complaint services. However, effectiveness remains moderate because violations persist, operational facilities are limited, public compliance is uneven, and legal culture has not fully supported social control. This article contributes an empirical assessment of regional regulation implementation by linking legal substance, enforcement capacity, community participation, and public order. Strengthening supervision, sanctions, documentation, and community reporting is required in Gorontalo City context.
Relevance of Article 27A of Law Number 1 of 2024 to Cyberbullying Riski A. Thalib; Suwitno Yutye Imran; Muhamad Khairun Kurniawan Kadir
Journal of Law, Human Rights, Immigration, and Corrections Vol. 1 No. 3 (2026): Journal of Law, Human Rights, Immigration, and Corrections
Publisher : Yayasan Cerdas Pedia Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.65101/lawric.v1i3.376

Abstract

The acceleration of digitalization in Indonesia has fueled a rise in cyberbullying, which threatens personal dignity and social stability. In response, Law No. 1 of 2024 introduced Article 27A into Law No. 11 of 2008 on Electronic Information and Transactions as a specific normative instrument to address such acts. This normative legal study examines the relevance, effectiveness, and challenges of Article 27A within a human rights framework. The research findings indicate that Article 27A represents a significant legislative advancement that provides a specific legal basis for prosecuting cyberbullying. However, its implementation remains hindered by ambiguous definitions, difficulties in obtaining digital evidence, and inconsistent judicial interpretations. The study concludes that Article 27A cannot stand alone as a sole instrument. Harmonized implementing regulations, enhanced competencies of law enforcement officials, and cross-sectoral digital literacy programs are required to achieve comprehensive and effective legal protection in the virtual space.
Law Enforcement of Assault Crimes in Boalemo Regency from Legal Certainty Perspective Syarif Djafar; Fenty Puluhulawa; irlan puluhulawa
Journal of Law, Human Rights, Immigration, and Corrections Vol. 1 No. 3 (2026): Journal of Law, Human Rights, Immigration, and Corrections
Publisher : Yayasan Cerdas Pedia Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.65101/lawric.v1i3.377

Abstract

This study examines law enforcement of assault crimes in Boalemo Regency from the perspective of legal certainty. The issue is important because police crime data from 2022 to 2024 show that assault remains a prominent local crime requiring consistent legal handling and community protection. This research uses empirical legal research with statutory and conceptual approaches. Data were obtained from police crime records, interviews with law enforcement officers and perpetrators, and relevant criminal law literature. The findings show that law enforcement must be assessed through the application of the Criminal Code, classification of assault, investigation procedures, article determination, victim protection, and limits of police discretion. Legal certainty is reflected in consistent reporting, evidence collection, case handling, and submission procedures. The study concludes that assault law enforcement in Boalemo requires accurate application of the applicable Criminal Code and stronger preventive legal education.
Legal Implications of Blank Column for Participation and Pilkada Results in Indonesia Ahmad Riyadi Akili Adam; Zamroni Abdussamad; Mohamad Rivaldi Moha
Journal of Law, Human Rights, Immigration, and Corrections Vol. 1 No. 3 (2026): Journal of Law, Human Rights, Immigration, and Corrections
Publisher : Yayasan Cerdas Pedia Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.65101/lawric.v1i3.248

Abstract

This study examines the legal implications of blank columns (empty boxes) on voter participation and electoral outcomes in Indonesia’s single-candidate regional elections (Pilkada). Utilizing normative legal research with statutory and case approaches, this paper analyzes how the blank column operates within the constitutional framework of local democracy. The findings indicate that while the blank column procedurally protects voting rights by preventing the automatic victory of single candidates, it fundamentally highlights a structural deficit in substantive democracy due to a severe lack of political competition. Furthermore, a blank column victory legally disrupts governance continuity, necessitating the appointment of unelected interim regional heads. Consequently, this study demonstrates that the blank column functions merely as a post-facto corrective mechanism rather than a preventive solution for flawed candidate recruitment. It concludes that Indonesian electoral design requires substantial reform to foster genuine political contestation and safeguard substantive democratic legitimacy.
The effectiveness of KONI pre-arbitration in the settlement of National Sports Disputes Mohamad Alim Rifay Thalib; Fence M. Wantu; Dolot Alhasni Bakung
Journal of Law, Human Rights, Immigration, and Corrections Vol. 1 No. 3 (2026): Journal of Law, Human Rights, Immigration, and Corrections
Publisher : Yayasan Cerdas Pedia Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.65101/lawric.v1i3.249

Abstract

This study analyzes the effectiveness of KONI pre-arbitration in resolving national sports disputes and protecting athletes’ rights. The issue is significant because sports disputes require mechanisms that are faster, more adaptive, and more compatible with sports governance than ordinary litigation. This normative legal research uses statutory and historical approaches, supported by legal interpretation of primary regulations, organizational documents, and relevant scholarly literature. The findings show that KONI pre-arbitration has three strategic functions: facilitating internal deliberation, filtering disputes before formal arbitration, and serving as a procedural gateway to the Indonesian Sports Arbitration Board. Its effectiveness depends on clear operating standards, formal documentation, administrative support, institutional compliance, and consistent protection of athletes affected by organizational or contractual disputes. Strengthening standard procedures, minutes of settlement or deadlock, referral mechanisms, and administrative enforcement is therefore necessary to ensure legal certainty, prevent prolonged conflict, and safeguard athletes’ professional interests effectively within the national sports system.

Page 3 of 3 | Total Record : 27

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