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Journal of International Relations Diponegoro
Published by Universitas Diponegoro
ISSN : 30632684     EISSN : 30632684     DOI : https://doi.org/10.14710/jirud.v10i2
Core Subject :
Journal of International Relations Diponegoro publishes articles on contemporary transnational crimes from a variety of methodologies and approaches. The journal was originally established to encourage scholarly publications by students from International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro. JIRUD will be pubished twice a year May and November. Journal of International Relations Diponegoro seeks original manuscripts that provide theoretically informed empirical analyses of issues in international relations, as well as original theoretical or conceptual analyses. The journal represents no particular school or approach, nor is it restricted to any particular methodology. Instead, it seeks to foster an awareness of methodological and epistemological questions in the study of International Relations, and to reflect research and developments of a conceptual, normative and empirical nature in all the major sub-areas of the field. Journal of International Relations Diponegoro publishes research, development and review articles in social and political fields with the following scope: 1. Transnational Crime 2. International Crime 3. Security Studies 4. Globalization & Transnationalism 5. Humanitarianism 6. Foreign Policy 7. International Politics
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Articles 500 Documents
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Love Hate Relationship: Kebijakan Amerika Serikat Memberikan Bantuan Luar Negeri Kepada Meksiko Dalam Rangka Pemberantasan Drugs Trafficking Organizations Giri Afif Fallah; Ika Riswanti Putranti
Journal of International Relations Diponegoro Volume 6, Nomor 2, Tahun 2020
Publisher : International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/pilars.%v.%i.%Y.%p

Abstract

The United States and Mexico, as countries that have direct borders, of course, the two countries, both the United States and Mexico, are indirectly affected by the impact of longstanding drug cartels in Mexico. Various kinds of foreign aid has been given by the United States to Mexico, one of which is the Merida Initiative. The Merida Initiative is foreign aid for Mexico in dealing with the Drugs trafficking aid organizations that include the funds, training both in legal and military terms. But seeing the relationship between the two countries can be said Love Hate Relationship, this relationship is described as the two countries still providing assistance to each other, but on the other hand the relations between the two countries are not always good, there are many conflicts between the two countries. In this paper, it will explain why the United States provides very serious foreign assistance to Mexico to deal with Drugs trafficking organizations and in answering researchers will use the concept of Human Security which later this concept will answer rational reasons why the United States provides foreign assistance to Mexico and finally the reasons will be explained are divided into two factors namely security seen from the side of National Security America and from the economic side where Mexico is an important economic partner for the United States.
Faktor Penyebab Terjadinya Perdagangan Ilegal HCFC-22 antara India dan Cina Amrina Rosyada; Reni Windiani; Fendy Eko Wahyudi
Journal of International Relations Diponegoro Volume 3, Nomor 4, Tahun 2017
Publisher : International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jirud.v3i4.17846

Abstract

This research aims to explain the causes of illegal trade of HCFC-22 between India and China in 2013-2014 from India’s side. This research used qualitative methods, with compliance theory by Ronald B. Mitchell to analyze the causes of the case. There are some result of this research. First, this reasearch found out that the illegal trade of HCFC-22 is a low-low relations. Second, the illegal trade was caused by the incapacity, seen from the limited ability of Indian goverment to fulfill the necessary of alternative chemichal substitution to HCFC-22 and the limited ability of Indian society to afford the stuff with alternative chemichal due tue economic and environmental condition.
Sekuritisasi Presiden Immanuel Macron Terhadap Imigran Muslim Melalui Undang-Undang Anti-Separatisme Perancis Nida Saidathul Iza; Mohammad Rosyidin; Reni Windiani
Journal of International Relations Diponegoro Volume 8 Nomor 4, Tahun 2022
Publisher : International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jirud.v8i4.35586

Abstract

In response to the issue of Muslim immigrants, a controversial policy has been issued by France. President Immanuel Macron issued a policy to respond to the increasing number of cases of extremism and terrorism in various regions of France and became one of the instruments of regional security. Macron addressed the issue by issuing a speech to shape perceptions of the threat posed by the issue of Muslim immigrants. So that in the end the policies formed by Macron were successfully accepted by the public and officially ratified. It is interesting to study how the political elites in a country shape the perception of an issue so that in the end the issue gets support from the community. This study will analyze this by using the key question "How is French Securitization Against Muslim Immigrants in the Anti-Separatism Law?". This study aims to explain Macron's role in carrying out securitization efforts through speech acts in the French anti-separatism law. The type of research used is the explanatory type. Securitization theory is used in this study to develop an argument about how an issue can be defined by a political elite as a threat to the state. Statements regarding the issue of Muslim immigrants are the focus of analysis in this study. This study argues that Macron has a role in securitizing Muslim immigrants so that the perception of immigrants as a threat to a country can be formed.
SIKAP INDONESIA TERKAIT KASUS PENGHINDAR PAJAK: STUDI KASUS INDONESIA-SINGAPURA Rizka Isti Faricha; Fendy Eko Wahyudi
Journal of International Relations Diponegoro Volume 5, Nomor 1, Tahun 2019
Publisher : International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jirud.v5i1.22719

Abstract

Tax has the highest percentage in the order of income sources of Indonesian state budget. Even though tax revenues in Indonesia can support more than half of the state budget revenue, there are still many tax avoidance which is conducted by Indonesian taxpayers. Within the countries that are listed aimed for the tax amnesty program, Singapore ranked first on the top five positions. This study will explain the internal reasons behind the actions of Indonesia which has chose to implement the tax amnesty policy.  Regarding as to why Indonesia chose to implement tax amnesty compared to providing legal sanctions, related to the many cases of tax evasion by Indonesian citizens who hold assets in Singapore.Also to help analyze the above phenomena, the author uses the concept of Foreign Policy Analysis, namely Internal Settings from Richard Synder, Bruck and Sapin. Data was collected using literature review and official government archives. The results showed that internal factors, namely the need for funds to finance government programs, were the driving force for Indonesian government under the leadership of President Joko Widodo to implement the tax amnesty policy and also the dependence of the Indonesian people on Singapore's investment.
25. KERJASAMA BADAN NARKOTIKA NASIONAL DENGAN UNITED NATIONS OFFICE ON DRUG AND CRIME DALAM MENANGGULANGI PERDAGANGAN GELAP NARKOBA DARI IRAN KE INDONESIA 2009-2013 Dyartha Anindya Nugraheni; Tri Cahyo Utomo; Shary Charlotte Pattipelohy
Journal of International Relations Diponegoro Volume 2, Nomor 3, Tahun 2016
Publisher : International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jirud.v2i3.12448

Abstract

Illicit drug trafficking is an example of Transnational Organized Crime. The location,geographical conditions and high demand of illegal drugs have made Indonesia highlyvulnerable towards a member of drug crime activities. Iran is the second largest country thatsmuggles drugs of Shabu to Indonesia. In tackling illicit drug trafficking from Iran toIndonesia, the National Narcotics Board (BNN) initiating cooperation with United NationsOffice on Drug and Crime (UNODC). Descriptive Analytic approach is used to explain theform and result of BNN and UNODC cooperation. The result of this research shows that eventhough supports have been given to BNN, the issue has not been succesfully tackled. UNODCand BNN need to improve efforts in combating illicit drug trafficking to keep Indonesiasecured and prosper.
Kepatuhan Indonesia Terhadap Perjanjian Internasional Mengenai Isu Lingkungan Hidup yang Berdampak Pada Perubahan Iklim, Studi Kasus: Deforestasi Jambi dan Riau Muhammad Wirya Pratama; Reni Windiani
Journal of International Relations Diponegoro Volume 6, Nomor 4, Tahun 2020
Publisher : International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jirud.v6i4.28593

Abstract

The Purpose of this study is to determine Indonesia’s compliance with international agreements, namely the Kyoto Protocol on environmental issues in the Riau and Jambi regions. This environmental issue led Indonesia to ratify the Kyoto Protocol contained in Law Number 17 of 2004 to reduce carbon emissions which until now has not seen any results. Therefore this research aims to find out whether Indonesia complies with international treaties that have been ratified and endorsed. The concept that used in this study is the concept of compliance with 3 (three) main indicators, namely : Output, Outcome, and Impact. This research will use a qualitative method that analyze how obedient Indonesia against international agreement specifically Kyoto Protocol on environmental issues which is currently quite interesting to considered in Indonesia, especially in the Riau and Jambi regions. This research began in the year of 2004 to 2015. On the other hand, Indonesia is in the category of passive comply, which shows that Indonesia’s ability is in the comply position but not directly and focused. So, in the other words, Indonesia tends to be difficult to comply with this Kyoto Protocol.
Kebijakan Pemerintah Nepal dalam Menanggulangi Perdagangan Organ Tubuh Manusia dari Nepal ke India Izazi Nur Shabrina; Ika Riswanti Putranti; Nadia Farabi
Journal of International Relations Diponegoro Volume 4, Nomor 2, Tahun 2018
Publisher : International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jirud.v4i2.20332

Abstract

Since 2007, The Government of Nepal has began implementing Human Trafficking andTransportation Control Act 2064 to curb organ trafficking. In reality, the policy is unableto contain organ trafficking from Nepal to India. Therefore, by using explanative method,this research aims to to analyze the causes of the crime. In order to analyze the cause oforgan trafficking from Nepal to India, this research will use the public policyimplementation framework from Donald Van Horn and Carl Van Meter. This study findsthat organ trafficking from Nepal to India still occured because of the unfulfillment of thefollowing factors; standards and objectives, policy resources, interorganizationalcommunication and enforcement activities, characteristics of implementing agencies,economic, social and political condition and the disposition of implementers, therefore thepolicy cannot work accordingly.
PERAN FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION (FAO) DALAM MENINGKATKAN KETAHANAN PANGAN SEBAGAI UPAYA UNTUK MENANGANI KRISIS KELAPARAN DI SAHEL TAHUN 2013-2015 Afifah Rizqy Widianingrum; Reni Windiani; Fendy Eko Wahyudi
Journal of International Relations Diponegoro Volume 9, Nomor 1, Tahun 2023
Publisher : International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jirud.v9i1.37434

Abstract

This research aims to describe the role of FAO as an international organization in increasing food security as an effort to deal with the hunger crisis in the Sahel in 2013-2015. This research based on 2013-2015, the Sahel region was hit by a food insecurity crisis. Poor food conditions occur due to a variety of complex factors such as a prolonged drought which has an impact on drought, soil degradation and erosion, outbreaks, and internal conflicts. As a result, people have limited access to nutritious food and experience acute malnutrition. Thus, efforts to overcome the hunger crisis in the Sahel region really need to be done. This aims to reduce the increasing number of hunger and death. If there is no support, the community will have to live without adequate food and nutrition stocks. Therefore, international organizations exist to deal with the current hunger crisis, one of which is the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). Using the theory of liberalism and the concept of international organizations which are derivatives of liberalism, this research analyses the Sahel region. The result shows that FAO has a role to play in increasing food security in the Sahel region in overcoming the food crisis that occurred in 2013-2015.
21. POLITIK PANGAN: HEGEMONI KOMODITAS PERTANIAN GENETICALLY MODIFIED ORGANISMS AMERIKA SERIKAT DI DUNIA TAHUN 2011-2014 Faiz Balya Marwan; Hermini Susiatiningsih; Ika Riswanti Putranti
Journal of International Relations Diponegoro Volume 2, Nomor 4, Tahun 2016
Publisher : International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jirud.v2i4.13590

Abstract

Food sector particularly agricultural commodities is important for a country. Import is oneof the policy when there is food scarcity. The US is one of the importers of foodcommodities. Interesting to study US agricultural commodities given the GeneticallyModified Organisms which is still a debate about food safety. The research objective wasto determine the disclosure of US GMO agricultural commodities and whether USAIDbecame a tool of US hegemony to 41 countries in 2011-2014. This study uses the theory ofGramscian hegemony and neo-colonial dependency model Todaro and Smith withquantitative research methods. By this theory, the researchers will explain the USmeasures affecting food trade policy of developing countries. The results of this study arethe US does not do the classification of agricultural commodities. Pearson correlation testshowed strong positive correlation between the USAID Economic Development with theimport of agricultural commodities from the United States in Southeast Asia and thePacific. However, there is a significant correlation in South Asia, European non WesternEurope, the Middle East and North Africa, Sub-Saharan Africa, and Latin America and theCaribbean. Regression analysis showed two subsectors Economic Development weresignificant negative effect on imports of agricultural commodities from the US thatvariable private sector competitiveness and trade and Investment. While variableagriculture, economic opportunity, financial sector, infrastructure, and macroeconomicfoundation for growth is not significant. These findings indicate that the trade inagricultural commodities, USAID does not necessarily become a tool of US hegemony inthe country to increase imports of agricultural commodities. However, do not rule out thissubsector affect the import of commodities other than agricultural commodities.
Digital Citizenship: Pembatasan Dalam Biometrics Data Collection dan Pelanggaran Hak Asasi Manusia Terhadap Penindasan Kaum Uighur di Xinjiang Oleh Pemerintah Tiongkok Steven Theonald P. Siahaan; Ika Riswanti Putranti; Andi Akhmad Basith Dir
Journal of International Relations Diponegoro Volume 7, Nomor 3, Tahun 2021
Publisher : International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jirud.v7i3.31450

Abstract

The use of technology to oppress individuals is not a new concept. With the emergence of personal computers and the transition from mass use of radio to television, authoritarian governments have use the technology as a means of spying on their citizens, and China has also become a place where technology are being used to ensure that citizens comply with standards set by an authoritarian government. The Uighurs in Xinjiang are a key example of how modern technology has helped facilitate human rights violations. The government has discriminated the Uighurs and put them in exile camps. Furthermore, the Chinese Government uses biometric data to discriminate the Uighurs, where the Government collects fingerprints, iris scans, put chips inside cellular devices, collect blood groups as well as DNA samples. What is done by the Chinese Government is considered to have violated human rights because it has collected biometric data and abused it for acts of discrimination. Moreover, this act of oppression causing them living life with fear, where they should be living with the freedom from fear. This research seeks to see why restrictions are needed in the practice of Biometrics Data Collection conducted by the Chinese Government. This study uses qualitative research methods with an explanatory method. This research uses the theory of human security, with further emphasizing the personal freedom, particularly the concept of freedom from fear. This research argues that these restrictions are needed and that the practice of collecting biometric data by the Chinese Government on Uighurs in Xinjiang is an act that is based on discrimination and constitutes an act of violation of human rights

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