Journal of International Relations Diponegoro
Journal of International Relations Diponegoro publishes articles on contemporary transnational crimes from a variety of methodologies and approaches. The journal was originally established to encourage scholarly publications by students from International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro. JIRUD will be pubished twice a year May and November. Journal of International Relations Diponegoro seeks original manuscripts that provide theoretically informed empirical analyses of issues in international relations, as well as original theoretical or conceptual analyses. The journal represents no particular school or approach, nor is it restricted to any particular methodology. Instead, it seeks to foster an awareness of methodological and epistemological questions in the study of International Relations, and to reflect research and developments of a conceptual, normative and empirical nature in all the major sub-areas of the field. Journal of International Relations Diponegoro publishes research, development and review articles in social and political fields with the following scope: 1. Transnational Crime 2. International Crime 3. Security Studies 4. Globalization & Transnationalism 5. Humanitarianism 6. Foreign Policy 7. International Politics
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500 Documents
<![CDATA[Analisis Pengaruh Hukuman Mati Pekerja Migran Indonesia terhadap Hubungan Bilateral Indonesia dan Arab Saudi 2010-2018 ]]>
<![CDATA[Eprida Sani]]>;
<![CDATA[Shary Charlotte Henriette Pattipeilohy]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of International Relations Diponegoro Volume 6, Nomor 2, Tahun 2020 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro ]]>
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DOI: 10.14710/pilars.%v.%i.%Y.%p
<![CDATA[The pattern of bilateral relations between Indonesia and Saudi Arabia continues to run well even though many Indonesian migrant workers stumble over death penalty cases even to the death sentence without notification by the Saudi government. This paper aims to answer the question why the Indonesian government continues to establish good relations with Saudi Arabia after the death sentence of the PMI. To answer this question, the author use the concept of national interest from the theory of realism that was stated by K.J. Holsti (1996) where a country continues to cooperate with other countries due to its vital interests (Core Values), the medium term (Middle-range Objectives), and the long-term (Long-range goals) over other countries. The results of this study found that the cause of Indonesia to maintain bilateral relations with Saudi Arabia was to achieve national interests that were prioritized. In the interests of vital nature, Indonesia has a great responsibility to comply with the needs of the Hajj and Umrah of its citizens where this worship is carried out in the city of Mecca, located in Saudi Arabia. Then, in the medium term interests, Saudi Arabia is still one of the partners in cooperation which is the main destination country for sending PMIs. In addition to reducing unemployment, the existence of PMI contributes to the Indonesian economy through PMI remittances. Finally, in the longterm interests, both Indonesia and Saudi have a commitment to create international peace and security through Islamic cooperation organizations (OIC).]]>
<![CDATA[Alasan Rusia Melibatkan Diri dalam Konflik Bersenjata Suriah Tahun 2011-2015 ]]>
<![CDATA[Dita Arum Kusumastuti]]>;
<![CDATA[Tri Cahyo Utomo]]>;
<![CDATA[Marten Hanura]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of International Relations Diponegoro Volume 3, Nomor 4, Tahun 2017 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro ]]>
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DOI: 10.14710/jirud.v3i4.17845
<![CDATA[Arab Spring which was happened in 2011 had ceated nationwide protest movement of the Syrian people to throw the regime of the President Bashar Al Assad. The conflict that was, at first,only protest then turned into armed conflict where the government, opposition and terrorism groups such as ISIS and Jabhat Al Nusra involved. The number of the deaths caused by the conflict were then called by the UN as crime against humanity. The UN initiated Geneve Peace Talks as an agenda to hold a political transition towards Bashar Al Assad’s regime. The effort was rejected by Russia Federation. In 2013, the U.S. and its alliance deployed its miltary forces in Syria to suport opposition group while in 2015 Russia then responded to the U.S. action by deploying its military troops in order to support the regime of Bashar Al Assad. This research is aimed to explain the motives of why Russia involved in the Syrian armed conflict. The research used qualitative method and Offensive Realism Theory by John J. Mearsheimer. The result of this research is that the involvement of Russia was meant to exercise its geopolitical influence in the Middle East and to repress the expansion of U.S. influence in Syria.]]>
<![CDATA[SERIGALA BERBULU DOMBA : DAMPAK KERJASAMA EKONOMI CINA-MADAGASKAR PADA PEKERJA ANAK PERTAMBANGAN MIKA ]]>
<![CDATA[Ratu Fadilah Audzitni Rao]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of International Relations Diponegoro Volume 8 Nomor 4, Tahun 2022 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro ]]>
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DOI: 10.14710/jirud.v8i4.35545
<![CDATA[China and Madagascar established diplomatic relation since 1972 with sharing One China Policy among African nations as the main agenda. In 1990’s a significant shift occurred in Madagascar economic system where the Madagascar government decided to liberalized its economic system and it bring a massive change between China-Madagascar relation. It began from Development Assistant where China began to support aid to Madagascar for its development, from loan, education, assistance and any other aid were given to Madagascar with some requirements specially to open its trade, market and support economic cooperation between both countries. Therefore the cooperation between both countries changed and focus more on economic cooperation. Madagascar which rich for its natural resources spark interest among Chinese investors. Chinese entrepreneurs and companies began investing and cooperate in mining Madagascar’s natural resources especially mica. Mica itself is one of mineral that processed through mining, it could be found in everyday life from the makeup that we wear to electronic stuff. In 2017 Madagascar mica export to China reach up to 87%, the mica mostly sent to big companies such as Ningbo Ram Eletric Material Ltd, Dongguan City Non Cloud Mines Ltd and other and the number keep increasing. Investigation in 2019 found out that there is massive exploitation in mica industries. There are more than 10.000 mica mines child laborers that started from 4 years old in Madagascar, they work without any security check and guard from the companies and experiencing wages and other exploitation. Previously there has been some researches about mica mining by child laborers in Madagascar but none of the researches intertwines the connection between China-Madagascar cooperation with the child laborers in Madagascar. This qualitative research with desk research method aims to explain how China-Madagascar Cooperation rises mica mines child laborers and international response related to the issue. This research uses the dependency theory to explain the research result which mica cooperation between the two countries increase mica child labour in Madagaskar.]]>
<![CDATA[KERJASAMA INDONESIA DAN SPANYOL DALAM MENANGANI AKSI TERORISME TAHUN 2015 ]]>
<![CDATA[Ermanila Supandi]]>;
<![CDATA[Fendy Eko Wahyudi]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of International Relations Diponegoro Volume 5, Nomor 1, Tahun 2019 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro ]]>
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DOI: 10.14710/jirud.v5i1.22718
<![CDATA[Indonesia establish a cooperation on terrorism with Spain in 2015. This cooperation is one of Indonesia's support for the terrorism campaign led by the US after the of September 11, 2001 events. Indonesia is one of the international actors who are also incorporated in the international system. Meaning that, Indonesian political behavior is also influenced by systems and international politics. It also conveys that in responding to the issue of terrorism globally, Indonesia should cooperate with another country, one being with Spain. However, the events of terrorism in Indonesia and Spain have no connection. This study aims to explain why Indonesia cooperates with Spain regarding terrorism. Qualitative research methods, with explanative types, are used in this study to discuss the factors that encourage Indonesia to collaborate with Spain. Meanwhile, the framework used in this research is Foreign Policy Analysis delivered by David Singer with the unit of analysis (dependent variable) of the country and explanation unit international system / global system.]]>
<![CDATA[24. FAKTOR PENYEBAB PENUNDAAN KERJASAMA INDONESIATHAILAND DALAM MENANGANI PRAKTEK IUU FISHING DI INDONESIA ]]>
<![CDATA[Norma Rani K. Z.]]>;
<![CDATA[Hermini Susiatiningsih]]>;
<![CDATA[Marten Hanura]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of International Relations Diponegoro Volume 2, Nomor 3, Tahun 2016 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro ]]>
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DOI: 10.14710/jirud.v2i3.12445
<![CDATA[Indonesia’s marine fisheries become targets of fishery crime because of the abundant fisheriesand marine resources. One of the fishery crimes that occurred is the practice of IllegalUnreported Unregulated (IUU) Fishing which mostly conducted by foreign vessels comingfrom neighboring countries such as Thailand. Indonesia seeks to cooperate with Thailand toaddress the practice of IUU fishing in Indonesian waters because of the losses incurres as aresult of IUU Fishing. One way to do is to establish bilateral agreements in the form of aMemorandum of Understanding on Fisheries Cooperation that took place in 2002-2006. Thecooperation has ended, and both countries are seeking to carry out a new partnership in 2013.But in fact the signing of the agreement has been delayed. The problem that arises is what thefactors that cause delay such cooperation are. This research aims to determine the factors thatled to postponement of the signing agreement. This research found that the Indonesia-Thailand cooperation has been delayed because there are some obstacles in the process ofsigning the agreement document such as factor the counter draft from each party and factor ofThailand political instability.]]>
<![CDATA[Relativitas Budaya dan Berlangsungnya Budaya Bacha Bazi di Afganistan Pasca Pemerintahan Taliban ]]>
<![CDATA[Dwi Ramadhani]]>;
<![CDATA[Satwika Paramasatya]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of International Relations Diponegoro Volume 6, Nomor 4, Tahun 2020 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro ]]>
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DOI: 10.14710/jirud.v6i4.28564
<![CDATA[This research explains the issue of opposing human rights carried out by the people of Afghanistan against boys through the bacha bazi culture. The conservative culture in Afghanistan led to a separation between men and women, thus bacha bazi serves to be a means of fulfilling the sexual needs of the male community in Afghanistan. “Women are for children, boys are for pleasure” is a famous sentence that explains the culture of bacha bazi for the people of Afghanistan. Although very normal, bacha bazi is taboo to talk about so that the practice is done in secret. The Taliban regime in 1996-2001 was able to abolish the bacha bazi culture, but with the fall of the regime, this culture is increasingly spreading. Domestic and international organizations, as well as foreign troops in Afghanistan, have sought to eradicate the culture, but have encountered difficulties. So this research was conducted to answer how the bacha bazi culture can take place after the Taliban government. The research methodology is an explanative qualitative method through data collection techniques with a literature study. The results of this study are proof that cultural relativity keeps this culture going on in Afghanistan despite violating human rights.]]>
<![CDATA[Analisis Kepatuhan Dalam Implementasi Kerjasama Indonesia-Tiongkok Menangani Kasus Penyelundupan Narkoba Melalui Jalur Laut Pada Tahun 2012-2015 ]]>
<![CDATA[Ella Aditya Wardani]]>;
<![CDATA[Tri Cahyo Utomo]]>;
<![CDATA[Fendy Eko Wahyudi]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of International Relations Diponegoro Volume 4, Nomor 2, Tahun 2018 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro ]]>
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DOI: 10.14710/jirud.v4i2.20331
<![CDATA[The higher number of drugs users in Indonesia, indicated that drugs smuggling inIndonesia is also increasing. The paths that used by drug traffickers also change by seabecause the sea lane is considered a safe path and can generate more profits compared toother routes. One of the biggest drugs suppliers in Indonesia is China. Therefore, both theGovernment of Indonesia and the Chinese Government agreed to create a cooperation thatis contained in the form of a Memorandum of Understanding. This study analyzed how thecompliance of Indonesia and China in running the Memorandum of Understanding that hasbeen formed in dealing with cases of drugs smuggling through the sea. The author will usethe theory of compliance from Ronald B. Mitchell and seen from the point of view ofIndonesia because Indonesia is a destination country of drugs smugglers from China. Acompliance is closely related to the effectiveness of a form of cooperation. The compliancehere will be measured based on the implementation of the MoU. Indicators of theimplementation are seen from the outputs, outcomes, and impacts of the cases raised.]]>
<![CDATA[Strategi Negara-Negara Baltik Dalam Menyikapi Keamanan Kawasan Terhadap Rusia Pasca Konflik Krimea ]]>
<![CDATA[Abednego Mardiatmadja]]>;
<![CDATA[Ika Riswanti Putranti]]>;
<![CDATA[Marten Hanura]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of International Relations Diponegoro Volume 9, Nomor 1, Tahun 2023 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro ]]>
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DOI: 10.14710/jirud.v9i1.37436
<![CDATA[Konflik Krimea merupakan salah satu konflik yang merubah dinamika geopolitik dan geostrategi kawasan Eropa Timur. Hadirnya konflik ini tentunya meningkatkan potensi ancaman bagi keamanan dan stabilitas ketiga negara Baltik sebagai anggota NATO yang berbatasan langsung secara geografis dengan Rusia. Dengan keterbatasan kapasitas dan kapabilitas militernya, ketiga negara Baltik berusaha untuk mempertahankan kedaulatan kawasannya dari agresivitas Rusia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjawab bagaimana strategi negara-negara Baltik dalam menyikapi keamanan kawasan terhadap Rusia pasca konflik Krimea. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori kompleks keamanan kawasan dari Barry Buzan dan Ole Waever. Metode Penelitian ini disusun menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif. Hasil penelitian ini menjelaskan bahwa dalam mempertahankan kawasannya, negara-negara Baltik menggunakan strategi pendekatan regional sebagai upaya untuk mendapatkan keamanan kolektif dari para mitra strategisnya, terutama NATO. Upaya diplomatis melalui OSCE juga dapat ditempuh sebagai salah satu opsi untuk menjaga stabilitas dan keamanan wilayahnya.]]>
<![CDATA[20. THE DECLINE OF TERRORIST GROUP: PENYEBAB MENURUNNYA AKSI TEROR KELOMPOK AL QAEDA TAHUN 2009 – 2013 ]]>
<![CDATA[Noor Azharul Fuad]]>;
<![CDATA[Ika Riswanti Putranti]]>;
<![CDATA[Fendy Eko Wahyudi]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of International Relations Diponegoro Volume 2, Nomor 4, Tahun 2016 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro ]]>
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DOI: 10.14710/jirud.v2i4.13589
<![CDATA[The number of incidents of terrorism continues to increase from year to year. Whenterrorism incidents in the world have been increased significantly, Al Qaeda has decreasedtheir acts of terror, especially in the year 2009 -2013. This study aims to determine thecause of the decline of terrorist attacks committed by Al Qaeda. This study use the theoryof the factors that are causing the decline of terrorism from Martha Crenshaw in theconcept of how terrorism decline. There are three factors that can cause the decline ofterrorism acts; first, the weakening of the result of the constant pressure from thegovernment, second, the decision of the members left the group then resulting in thedeployment of members, and the third is organizational destruction. This study use fieldobservations and interviews with former terrorists to obtain primary data. Then, theliterature study method was also performed to obtain supporting data secondary. The resultfrom this study is the factors that caused the decline of terrorist attacks by Al Qaeda in2009 - 2013 in accordance with the theory of Martha Crenshaw.]]>
<![CDATA[Liberalisasi Ekonomi Arab Saudi dalam Saudi Vision 2030 ]]>
<![CDATA[Misliharira Shaumi Putri]]>;
<![CDATA[Reni Windiani]]>;
<![CDATA[Satwika Paramasatya]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of International Relations Diponegoro Volume 7, Nomor 3, Tahun 2021 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro ]]>
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DOI: 10.14710/jirud.v7i3.31216
<![CDATA[Saudi Arabia with their conservative political life tends to create boundaries in the country. But after King Salman’s ascension to lead the country, Prince Mohammed bin Salman obtain power and authority in the country and created a plan by liberalizing the country. In Prince Mohammed bin Salman’s plan, which called Saudi Vision 2030, he has several goals that will be achieved and one of them is called a thriving economy point where the economy of Saudi Arabia can let go of their oil dependence and open opportunities for cooperation with other countries. In analysing this, the concept of economic liberalization will be used to explain Prince Mohammed bin Salman’s decision in carrying out the Saudi Vision 2030. This research is a qualitative research using data techniques through literature study. The result of this study indicates that the reason Prince Mohammed bin Salman used liberalization is to advance the economy of Saudi Arabia and also to open opportunities with other countries as an alternative to detach Saudi Arabia’s oil dependence which has not been successfully implemented in other ways. Even though it is considered to be against the principles of the country, Saudi Vision 2030 has made changes gradually and has also had a good impact on Saudi Arabia.]]>
