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Hafidz Taqiyuddin
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Aqlania: Jurnal Filsafat dan Teologi Islam
Published by Universitas Islam Negeri Sultan Maulana Hasanuddin Banten
ISSN : 20878613     EISSN : 26566605     DOI : https://doi.org/10.32678/aqlania
Core Subject :
Aqlania : Jurnal Filsafat dan Teologi Islam is a peer-reviewed journal on a scientific journal that focuses on the publication of research results in philosophy and theology in Islam, also sufism studies. This journal is published periodically twice a year in June and December. The journal is opened to researchers, practitioners and observers of religious, humanitarian and environmental studies. This journal is managed and published by the Department of Aqidah and Islamic Philosophy of Faculty of Ushuluddin and Adab of State Islamic University of Sultan Maulana Hasanuddin Banten. All articles will be reviewed by experts before accepted for publication. Each author is solely responsible for the content of published articles. This journal encompasses original research articles, review articles, and short communications, including: Religion and Philosophy Philosophy on Family Theology and Aqidah Environment and Philosophy Nusantara Philisophy
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 22 Documents
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Integration of Al-Kindi's Rationalism and Ar-Razi's Empiricism: The Relevance of Islamic Epistemology for Contemporary Science Cardasyifa Fajranada Usman; Widiya Tasa; Muhammad Emil Fauzi; Rostanura Aji
Aqlania Vol. 16 No. 2 (2025): December
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Sultan Maulana Hasanuddin Banten

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32678/aqlania.v16i2.100

Abstract

The decline of scientific tradition in the contemporary Islamic world indicates an epistemological disconnect between the classical scientific heritage and the development of modern science. The current educational paradigm tends to be imitative and separated from the spiritual, rational, and empirical values that once served as the foundation of Islamic scientific glory. This study aims to analyze the thoughts of Al-Kindi and Ar-Razi as two central figures representing rationalism and empiricism in the classical Islamic scientific tradition. The approach used is a qualitative literature study method using primary data in the form of books and articles adopted from the works of both figures and supporting secondary data in the form of books on Islamic intellectual history, studies of the philosophy of science, and scientific articles. The results show that Al-Kindi developed deductive rationalism that combines reason and revelation, while Ar-Razi emphasized inductive empiricism based on observation and experimentation. The synthesis of these two approaches forms an epistemological framework that balances theoretical reasoning and empirical verification, which then becomes the basis of the modern scientific method. This study emphasizes the importance of re-internalizing the critical spirit, intellectual autonomy, and orientation towards the welfare of the people in reviving the scientific tradition in the Islamic world, while contributing to contemporary Islamic philosophy by offering a model of epistemological integration relevant to education and research.
Mullā Ṣadrā’s Epistemological Critique of Modern Skepticism: A Reconstruction of the Foundations of Certainty in Knowledge Tantriatus Sholehah; Loekisno Choiril Warsito; Ghifroh Nailul Maulidah
Aqlania Vol. 17 No. 1 (2026): June
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Sultan Maulana Hasanuddin Banten

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32678/aqlania.v17i1.252

Abstract

This paper deals with the epistemic crisis of certainty in modern epistemology, which is provoked by the empirical scepticism of David Hume. Hume doubted the principles of causality and inductive reasoning so much that knowledge is only conceived as probabilistic and contingent mental representations and lacks a firm ontological basis. This results in strong object-subject and empirical reductionism. This study uses qualitative method based on literature study, by applying critical philosophical approach and conceptual analysis to the main texts of the two thinkers. The main finding is that Mullā Ṣadrā in the context of al-Ḥikmah al-Muta‘āliyah, reconstructs the basis of certainty of knowledge through the doctrines of aṣālat al-wujūd (the superiority of existence), tashkīk al-wujūd (the degree of existence), al-‘Ilm al-Ḥuḍūrī (knowledge of presence), Ittiḥād al-‘Āqil wa-al-Ma‘qūl (the oneness of the subject and object of knowledge) and al-ḥarakah al-jawhariyyah (substantial movement). Ṣadrā’s epistemology harmonizes reason (burhān), intellectual intuition (kashf), and revelation (naql), so that knowledge is no longer merely a mental representation, but rather an existential event that unites subject and object at a higher level of existence. This reconstruction has successfully addressed Hume’s skepticism and has initiated a fruitful dialogue between Islamic epistemology and contemporary modern epistemology.

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