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Lex Recta: Journal of Law and Normative Justice
Published by CV SCRIPTA INTELEKTUAL MANDIRI
ISSN : -     EISSN : 31634559     DOI : 10.65310
Core Subject :
Lex Recta: Journal of Law and Normative Justice is a peer-reviewed academic journal dedicated to publishing high-quality scholarly works in the field of legal studies, with a primary focus on normative and doctrinal legal research. The journal provides an international platform for legal scholars, academics, practitioners, and policymakers to disseminate original research articles, conceptual analyses, statutory interpretations, and critical legal arguments addressing contemporary legal issues in both national and international contexts. Lex Recta welcomes manuscripts in areas such as legal theory, jurisprudence, constitutional law, civil law, criminal law, administrative law, human rights law, business law, Islamic law, comparative law, and legislative studies. The journal emphasizes normative analysis grounded in legal principles, statutory frameworks, judicial reasoning, and doctrinal development. All submissions undergo a rigorous double-blind peer-review process to ensure originality, analytical depth, logical consistency, and meaningful contributions to the advancement of legal scholarship. Published quarterly in March, June, September, and December, Lex Recta aims to foster critical legal discourse, strengthen doctrinal research traditions, and promote justice-oriented legal scholarship at local, national, and international levels.
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Articles 10 Documents
 1 
Regulating Artificial Intelligence Liability in Indonesia: A Normative Analysis of Accountability in Autonomous Decision-Making Systems Febryan Hidayat; Ihsan Ihsan
Lex Recta: Journal of Law and Normative Justice Vol. 1 No. 1 (2026): March: Lex Recta: Journal of Law and Normative Justice
Publisher : CV SCRIPTA INTELEKTUAL MANDIRI

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Abstract

The rapid integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into Indonesian society raises critical challenges for legal accountability, particularly in autonomous decision-making systems where traditional civil law frameworks are insufficient. This study employs a normative-analytical methodology, combining doctrinal review of Indonesian statutes, judicial rulings, and ministerial regulations with empirical examination of court cases and comparative analysis of international AI governance models. Findings indicate that liability in practice is mediated primarily through human actors and institutions, revealing interpretive gaps, procedural inconsistencies, and socio-legal constraints in judicial enforcement. Normative-comparative analysis demonstrates that hybrid liability models—combining strict liability for high-risk AI and fault-based responsibility for routine applications—can reconcile domestic law with global best practices, while sector-specific recommendations emphasize human oversight, transparency, and institutional accountability. The study provides a cohesive framework for AI liability, integrating doctrinal, empirical, and ethical considerations to guide legislative reform, judicial interpretation, and policy implementation. These findings advance both theoretical understanding of AI responsibility in civil law jurisdictions and practical guidance for the regulation of autonomous systems in emerging economies.
Greenwashing in Corporate Climate Claims: Normative Challenges in Indonesian Environmental and Consumer Protection Law Sahal Hanafi; Nourma Alivia Zahra El Rakhim
Lex Recta: Journal of Law and Normative Justice Vol. 1 No. 1 (2026): March: Lex Recta: Journal of Law and Normative Justice
Publisher : CV SCRIPTA INTELEKTUAL MANDIRI

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Abstract

The proliferation of corporate climate claims in Indonesia has intensified concerns regarding greenwashing and the adequacy of existing legal frameworks in addressing misleading environmental representations. This study examines the normative challenges arising from the interaction between Indonesian environmental law, consumer protection law, corporate governance regulation, capital market law, and sustainable finance instruments. Employing a normative juridical method grounded in doctrinal legal analysis, the research interprets statutory provisions, implementing regulations, and judicial principles through grammatical, systematic, teleological, and comparative approaches. The findings indicate that although multiple legal instruments provide partial bases for sanctioning deceptive climate claims, definitional fragmentation and inconsistent evidentiary standards generate regulatory gaps that weaken enforcement effectiveness. Corporate climate representations should be recognized as legally binding communications subject to verifiability, fiduciary responsibility, and consumer protection standards. An integrated liability framework that harmonizes administrative, civil, and criminal mechanisms is essential to safeguard consumer autonomy, strengthen corporate accountability, and enhance the credibility of national climate governance.
Judicial Activism and Constitutional Boundaries: A Normative Study of Constitutional Court Decision-Making in Indonesia Mardana Rifta Oktaviana; Achmad Hidayatullah
Lex Recta: Journal of Law and Normative Justice Vol. 1 No. 1 (2026): March: Lex Recta: Journal of Law and Normative Justice
Publisher : CV SCRIPTA INTELEKTUAL MANDIRI

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Abstract

This research examines the constitutional boundaries of judicial activism in the decision-making practice of the Indonesian Constitutional Court through a normative–doctrinal approach. Grounded in the 1945 Constitution, Law No. 24 of 2003 as amended by Law No. 7 of 2020, and Law No. 12 of 2011, the study analyzes doctrinal patterns such as conditional constitutionality, ultra petita reasoning, and open legal policy intervention. By employing systematic, teleological, and structural interpretation, the article constructs a cumulative normative boundary test based on textual fidelity, structural coherence, rights necessity, institutional prudence, and doctrinal consistency. The findings indicate that judicial activism becomes constitutionally legitimate only when interpretative expansion remains demonstrably anchored in constitutional mandates and proportionate remedial design. Conversely, boundary diffusion arises when remedial innovation effectively substitutes legislative policy choices without clear constitutional compulsion. The study contributes theoretically by reframing judicial activism as a conditional constitutional function rather than an inherent judicial disposition, and methodologically by integrating doctrinal mapping with structured evaluative criteria. The proposed framework offers a principled guide for assessing constitutional adjudication legitimacy in transitional democracies
The Right to Be Forgotten and Digital Reputation: A Normative Analysis within Indonesian Cyber Law Elinda Novita Dewi; Sunusi Dauda
Lex Recta: Journal of Law and Normative Justice Vol. 1 No. 1 (2026): March: Lex Recta: Journal of Law and Normative Justice
Publisher : CV SCRIPTA INTELEKTUAL MANDIRI

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Abstract

The rapid expansion of digital infrastructures and algorithmic information systems has intensified debates concerning the right to be forgotten (RTBF) and the protection of digital reputation. This study conducts a doctrinal-normative analysis of RTBF within Indonesian cyber law, examining its statutory basis under the Electronic Information and Transactions Law and the Personal Data Protection framework. Through systematic statutory interpretation, conceptual analysis, and limited comparative evaluation with transnational data protection standards, the research identifies significant normative fragmentation in the regulation of erasure rights. Sectoral examination of blockchain immutability, artificial intelligence–generated deepfakes, child digital exploitation, doxing, digital banking, and digital inheritance reveals structural tensions between reputational protection, transparency obligations, technological permanence, and legal certainty. The study proposes a structured balancing model grounded in legitimacy of purpose, proportionality, public interest, technological feasibility, and evidentiary integrity. By reconceptualizing digital reputation as a dignity-based and sovereignty-linked legal interest, this research advances a coherent normative framework that strengthens doctrinal clarity and supports principled adjudication of erasure claims in Indonesia’s evolving cyber governance architecture.
Legal Certainty in Fintech Regulation: A Normative Study of Peer-to-Peer Lending Governance in Indonesia Deo Renaldi Saputra; Melva Noya
Lex Recta: Journal of Law and Normative Justice Vol. 1 No. 1 (2026): March: Lex Recta: Journal of Law and Normative Justice
Publisher : CV SCRIPTA INTELEKTUAL MANDIRI

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Abstract

This article examines legal certainty within Indonesia’s peer-to-peer (P2P) lending regulatory framework through a doctrinal normative approach employing statutory, conceptual, and comparative analysis. The study evaluates the coherence of legislation governing financial supervision, electronic transactions, consumer protection, Sharia finance, data protection, and sustainable finance policy, alongside relevant OJK regulations and judicial decisions. The findings indicate that although Indonesia has established a comprehensive regulatory architecture, legal certainty remains challenged by normative fragmentation, dual governance structures between conventional and Sharia models, overlapping enforcement mandates, and procedural inconsistencies in dispute resolution. The regulatory sandbox mechanism and sustainability integration further complicate predictability where evaluative benchmarks and sanction gradations lack precise articulation. Comparative reflection on Islamic fintech governance and enforcement coordination highlights the importance of institutional synergy and codified supervisory alignment. The research concludes that strengthening cross-referencing norms, clarifying organizer liability standards, harmonizing jurisdictional competencies, and embedding enforceable sustainability and data protection obligations are necessary to enhance doctrinal coherence. Legal certainty emerges not merely from regulatory proliferation but from systematic hierarchical integration capable of reconciling innovation with constitutional rule-of-law principles in the digital financial sector
The Normative Boundaries of Artificial Intelligence Liability in Autonomous Decision-Making: A Doctrinal Analysis of Emerging Legal Principles Febryan Hidayat; Danang Purnomo Jakti; Muttorik Alil Abasir
Lex Recta: Journal of Law and Normative Justice Vol. 1 No. 2 (2026): : June: Lex Recta: Journal of Law and Normative Justice
Publisher : CV SCRIPTA INTELEKTUAL MANDIRI

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Abstract

The rapid deployment of artificial intelligence (AI) within autonomous decision-making systems has generated profound challenges for traditional legal doctrines of liability, accountability, and responsibility attribution. This study examines the normative boundaries of AI liability through a doctrinal and normative legal research approach based on statutory regulations, international legal instruments, judicial decisions, regulatory frameworks, and contemporary legal scholarship. The analysis focuses on the evolving relationship between legal personhood, fault, foreseeability, risk allocation, and accountability within increasingly autonomous technological environments. The findings demonstrate that existing legal systems continue to reject the attribution of independent legal liability to AI systems despite their growing operational autonomy. Liability remains primarily attached to developers, deployers, operators, data controllers, and institutional actors whose decisions shape the design, governance, and deployment of AI technologies. Contemporary legal developments reveal a gradual shift from exclusively fault-based liability toward hybrid frameworks integrating risk management, preventive obligations, and accountability-based governance. The study concludes that the most coherent doctrinal model is a layered accountability framework in which responsibility is allocated according to governance capacity, control, risk creation, and regulatory obligations, thereby preserving legal certainty while accommodating technological transformation in autonomous decision-making ecosystems.
Legal Recognition of Digital Identity in Cross-Border Electronic Transactions: Reconstructing Normative Frameworks for Legal Certainty Andi Hartawati; Toman Sony Tambunan; Elva Mahmudi
Lex Recta: Journal of Law and Normative Justice Vol. 1 No. 2 (2026): : June: Lex Recta: Journal of Law and Normative Justice
Publisher : CV SCRIPTA INTELEKTUAL MANDIRI

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Abstract

This study examines the legal recognition of digital identity in cross-border electronic transactions and evaluates its significance for the establishment of legal certainty within contemporary digital commerce. The rapid expansion of transnational electronic trade has exposed structural weaknesses in existing legal frameworks, particularly regarding the attribution, authentication, and recognition of digital identities across different jurisdictions. Employing a normative, doctrinal, and comparative legal approach, the research analyzes international legal instruments, Indonesian legislation, regulatory frameworks on electronic signatures and trust services, and comparative models of digital identity governance. The analysis demonstrates that current regulations primarily emphasize technological authentication and transactional validity while providing insufficient mechanisms for mutual legal recognition of digital identities across borders. Jurisdictional fragmentation, regulatory divergence, and inconsistencies in evidentiary recognition generate uncertainty concerning contractual enforceability, accountability, consumer protection, and cross-border regulatory enforcement. The study proposes a reconstructed normative framework founded upon mutual recognition, regulatory equivalence, legal attribution, data protection integration, and procedural enforceability. This framework reconceptualizes digital identity as a transnational legal institution capable of supporting interoperability, accountability, and legal certainty within the evolving architecture of global electronic commerce.
The Right to Explanation in Artificial Intelligence–Based Decision-Making: A Normative Perspective on Due Process and Legal Accountability Imroatun Solekah; Sahal Hanafi; Wildan Baehaqi; Teddy Delano
Lex Recta: Journal of Law and Normative Justice Vol. 1 No. 2 (2026): : June: Lex Recta: Journal of Law and Normative Justice
Publisher : CV SCRIPTA INTELEKTUAL MANDIRI

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Abstract

The increasing adoption of artificial intelligence (AI) in legally significant decision-making has generated fundamental challenges concerning procedural fairness, transparency, and legal accountability. This article examines the juridical status of the right to explanation in AI-based decision-making through a normative and doctrinal legal research approach supported by comparative analysis of contemporary regulatory frameworks and legal theories. The study analyzes international legal instruments, administrative law principles, data protection regulations, accountability doctrines, and scholarly debates addressing explainability, due process, and algorithmic governance. The findings demonstrate that explanation performs a constitutive legal function within procedural justice by enabling meaningful participation, contestation, review, and accountability. Existing legal frameworks increasingly recognize the necessity of explainability, although regulatory approaches remain fragmented regarding its normative scope and enforceability. The analysis further reveals that accountability for AI-generated decisions must remain attached to identifiable human and institutional actors, regardless of technological complexity. Recognition of the right to explanation as an enforceable procedural guarantee strengthens legality, safeguards individual rights, and preserves rule-of-law values within automated governance systems. The study contributes a coherent normative framework connecting explainability, due process, and legal accountability in contemporary AI regulation.
Reconceptualizing Legal Protection Against Deepfake Technology: A Normative Analysis of Privacy, Personality Rights, and Digital Evidence Azka Syifaul Maula; Ali Hardana
Lex Recta: Journal of Law and Normative Justice Vol. 1 No. 2 (2026): : June: Lex Recta: Journal of Law and Normative Justice
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The rapid development of deepfake technology has generated significant challenges for contemporary legal systems by destabilizing traditional conceptions of privacy, personal identity, and evidentiary authenticity. This study aims to reconceptualize legal protection against deepfake technology through a normative and doctrinal analysis of privacy rights, personality rights, and digital evidence. Employing a non-empirical legal research methodology, the study examines international human rights instruments, statutory regulations, judicial developments, legal doctrines, and comparative regulatory approaches concerning artificial intelligence and synthetic media governance. The analysis demonstrates that existing legal frameworks remain fragmented because privacy regulations primarily focus on informational control, personality-rights doctrines have not fully adapted to synthetic identity replication, and evidentiary regimes continue to rely upon assumptions of authenticity that are increasingly vulnerable to algorithmic manipulation. Deepfake technology creates a multidimensional legal injury that simultaneously affects identity integrity, individual autonomy, dignity, and procedural justice. The study argues that effective legal protection requires an integrated normative framework that recognizes synthetic identity harms as violations of interconnected legal interests. Such a framework strengthens legal certainty, enhances rights protection, and supports the development of more reliable evidentiary standards in digitally mediated societies.
Normative Challenges in Regulating Climate Litigation and Intergenerational Environmental Justice in Contemporary Legal Systems Ahmad Zuhad Intaha; Akbar Avicenna; Muhammad Ridho Rahman
Lex Recta: Journal of Law and Normative Justice Vol. 1 No. 2 (2026): : June: Lex Recta: Journal of Law and Normative Justice
Publisher : CV SCRIPTA INTELEKTUAL MANDIRI

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This article examines the normative challenges associated with regulating climate litigation and realizing intergenerational environmental justice within contemporary legal systems. The study is motivated by the increasing reliance on climate litigation as a mechanism for addressing governmental inaction, inadequate climate policies, and the legal protection of future generations whose interests are disproportionately affected by present environmental decisions. Employing a non-empirical legal research design grounded in normative, doctrinal, and comparative legal approaches, the research analyzes international environmental law instruments, constitutional provisions, statutory regulations, judicial decisions, and authoritative legal doctrines concerning climate justice, environmental rights, and intergenerational equity. The analysis demonstrates that contemporary climate litigation is supported by a growing body of international and domestic legal norms recognizing future-oriented environmental obligations, yet its effectiveness remains constrained by doctrinal ambiguities relating to causation, standing, state responsibility, regulatory fragmentation, and judicial enforceability. Comparative examination further reveals an emerging convergence toward the recognition of intergenerational equity as a legally relevant interpretative principle in climate adjudication. The study concludes that a coherent integration of environmental constitutionalism, public trust doctrine, sustainable development, and intergenerational justice is necessary to strengthen climate governance and enhance legal accountability for long-term environmental protection.

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