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INDONESIA
JURNAL TEKNOLOGI KIMIA DAN INDUSTRI
Published by Universitas Diponegoro
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Engineering Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering
JURNAL TEKNOLOGI KIMIA DAN INDUSTRI adalah jurnal yang diterbitkan oleh Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Diponegoro untuk mempublikasikan karya ilmiah - karya ilmiah mahasiswa Program S1 Teknik Kimia Undip.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 178 Documents
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PENENTUAN JENIS SOLVEN DAN PH OPTIMUM PADA ANALISIS SENYAWA DELPHINIDIN DALAM KELOPAK BUNGA ROSELA DENGAN METODE SPEKTROFOTOMETRI UV-VIS Monica Setiono H.; Avriliana Dewi A.; Andri Cahyo Kumoro
JURNAL TEKNOLOGI KIMIA DAN INDUSTRI Volume 2, Nomor 2, Tahun 2013
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Diponegoro,

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Abstract

Rosela merupakan tanaman yang telah diketahui banyak mengandung senyawa antosianin sebagai antioksidan. Antioksidan merupakan senyawa penting dalam menjaga kesehatan tubuh karena berfungsi sebagai penangkap radikal bebas yang banyak terbentuk dalam tubuh.  Antosianin pada kelopak bunga rosela berada dalam bentuk glukosida yang salah satunya adalah senyawa delphinidin. Kandungan senyawa delphinidin yang terkandung dalam kelopak bunga rosela dapat dianalisis kadarnya menggunakan metode Spektrofotometri UV-Vis. Prinsip dasar Spektrofotometri UV-Vis adalah analisis yang didasarkan pada pengukuran serapan  sinar monokromatis oleh suatu laju larutan berwarna pada panjang gelombang spesifik dengan menggunakan monokromator prisma atau kisi difraksi dengan detektor fototube. Kelarutan dari delphinidin antara lain larut dalam akuades, metanol dan etanol pada berbagai suhu berkisar antara (298 sampai 343) K di bawah tekanan atmosfer. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui jenis solven yang paling sesuai sebagai pelarut delphinidin dan pH yang paling optimum. Pada penelitian ini digunakan variabel tetap yaitu bunga rosela dan suhu percobaan : 30oC. Sedangkan variabel berubahnya yaitu jenis solven (akuades, metanol, dan etanol) serta pH dengan variasi pH 4; 4,5; 5; 5,5; 6. Hasil percobaan, menunjukkan bahwa metanol merupakan solven yang paling sesuai untuk melarutkan senyawa delphinidin, sedangkan pH yang paling optimum untuk analisis senyawa delphinidin dengan metode Spektrofotometri UV-Vis adalah 4,5.
PROSES REAKSI GLISEROL DAN ASAM BENZOAT DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN KATALIS ASAM SULFAT Ari Eko Prasetyo; Anggra Widhi; W. Widayat
JURNAL TEKNOLOGI KIMIA DAN INDUSTRI Volume 1, Nomor 1, Tahun 2012
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Diponegoro,

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Abstract

Glycerol is by-product of biodiesel making, and therefore requires processing in order to increase its economic value. The products of the glycerol conversion by esterification is commonly used in the food industry, cosmetics industry, polymer industry. This study aims to examine the reaction of glycerol and benzoic acid using sulfuric acid catalyst. Experiments carried out by reacting glycerol and benzoic acid in stirred reactor with a fixed variable Stirrer speed is 200 rpm and the volume of 0.3 ml of sulfuric acid. Temperature variable varies at 60, 65 (0C) and mol ratio between benzoic acid and glycerol varies at 1:1, 2:1, 3:1 and 4:1. Sampling was carried out at regular intervals of 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 minutes. Early stages of the experiment is to dissolve benzoate acid in methanol before reaction can be run in liquid-liquid phase. The highest conversion in the experiments was 64.165% in the glycerol and benzoic acid mole ratio of 1:3 with operating temperatures of 600C. While on the operating temperature of 650C is best hasi was 57.176% with a glycerol and benzoic acid mole ratio of 1:3. The optimum time trial at the highest conversion was 30 minutes. The results of FTIR show a similarity test library IR spectra of samples with concentration of glycerol tribenzoat 41,4%.
PENGARUH KONDISI OPERASI PADA PROSES PENGERINGAN KARAGENAN DENGAN FOAM Verona Amelia; Bery Kristanti; Moh. Djaeni
JURNAL TEKNOLOGI KIMIA DAN INDUSTRI Volume 2, Nomor 4, Tahun 2013
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Diponegoro,

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Abstract

Foam mat drying is an option to speed up the drying process to maintain quality carrageenan. In this case, carrageenan mixed with egg white (albumin) as a foaming agent and methyl cellulose as a foam stabilizer. Carrageenan gel foam will break and create a porous structure so that a higher surface area for moisture transfer. Drying is carried out at various compositions (comparison agent and foam stabilizer), the air temperature and the thickness of the foam. Decrease in water content determined during the drying period. The results showed that the egg whites be stabilized with methyl cellulose can accelerate the rate of drying and drying time of carrageenan. Result show that at 80oC operating temperature and thickness of 2 mm carrageenan in the presence of egg whites 20% and 10% methyl cellulose, moisture diffusion and drying rate can be twiced compared with carrageenan drying without foam.
Pengolahan Limbah Cair Yang Mengandung Minyak Dengan Proses Elektrokoagulasi Dengan Elektroda Besi Agung Prabowo; Gagah Hasan Basrori; P Purwanto
JURNAL TEKNOLOGI KIMIA DAN INDUSTRI Volume 1, Nomor 1, Tahun 2012
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Diponegoro,

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Abstract

Abstract Electrocoagulation is a coagulation method using direct electric current through an electrochemical event. This study aims to determine the possible use of electrocoagulation method as an alternative in wastewater treatment industry. This experiment uses waste oil content with the observed parameter is the change in concentration of organic material (COD. study was conducted on laboratory scale in batch by using a 3 iron plate measuring 3x5 cm 2 as anode and 3 aluminum plates of the same size as the cathode. Variations performed on current density, electrocoagulation time and distance .. Distance electrode plate electrodes used were 2 and 3 cm. Analysis of the samples carried out after the first sample was deposited for 30 minutes. Laboratory analysis refers to the SNI 06-6989.2-2004 for the parameters COD,. The analysis shows that there allowance for the highest percentage COD is 29, 83% occurred at minute 120, 32 A/dm2 current density, with an electrode distance of 2 cm .. In general these experiments show on a laboratory scale in batch conditions, electrocoagulation method effective enough to treat waste compared oil content with conventional coagulation process.
PROSES PEMBUATAN BIODIESEL DARI DEDAK DAN METANOL DENGAN ESTERIFIKASI IN SITU Wulandari Dharsono; Y. Saptiana Oktari; Aprilina Purbasari
JURNAL TEKNOLOGI KIMIA DAN INDUSTRI Volume 2, Nomor 2, Tahun 2013
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Diponegoro,

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Abstract

Kandungan asam lemak bebas (Free Fatty Acid (FFA)) yang tinggi menyebabkan minyak dedak padi dapat dikonversi menjadi Fatty Acid Methyl Ester (biodiesel) dengan esterifikasi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah memanfaatkan dedak sebagai bahan baku pembuatan biodiesel dengan proses esterifikasi in situ serta mempelajari pengaruh jumlah solvent (metanol) dan waktu operasi dalam pembuatannya. Kandungan asam lemak bebas dalam dedak padi dapat meningkat cepat karena adanya enzim lipase aktif dalam dedak padi setelah proses penggilingan. Metode yang digunakan untuk pembuatan biodiesel pada penelitian ini adalah proses esterifikasi in situ. Di dalam proses ini, dedak dicampur dengan metanol dan katalis asam (H2SO4) di mana metanol berfungsi sebagai solvent sekaligus reaktan. Pada proses ini asam lemak bebas dapat terekstrak dari dedak dan selanjutnya bereaksi dengan metanol membentuk metyl ester (biodiesel). Variabel tetap yang digunakan adalah berat dedak 50 gram, kecepatan pengadukan dengan skala 4, jumlah katalis H2SO4 1% volume. Variabel berubahnya pada proses esterifikasi in situ adalah jumlah methanol  150, 200, 250 ml dan waktu reaksi 1;2;3;4 jam. Proses esterifikasi in situ dedak padi mampu menghasilkan biodiesel,dengan waktu operasi optimum adalah 60 menit dan penambahan jumlah methanol sebesar 200 ml menghasilkan konversi paling tinggi
PEMANFAATAN TEPUNG UMBI GADUNG (DIOSCOREA HISPIDA DENNST) DAN TEPUNG MOCAF (MODIFIED CASSAVA FLOUR) SEBAGAI BAHANSUBSTITUSIDALAM PEMBUATAN MIE BASAH, MIE KERING, DAN MIE INSTAN Vinsensia Iva Rosmeri; Bella Nina Monica; Catarina Sri Budiyati
JURNAL TEKNOLOGI KIMIA DAN INDUSTRI Volume 2, Nomor 2, Tahun 2013
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Diponegoro,

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Abstract

Flour from gadung tubers (Dioscorea hispida Dennst) and modified cassava flour or MOCAF are types of non-wheat flour that have high carbohydrate content that could potentially be used to make noodles. However, due to low protein content and therudimentary physicochemical properties, it needs to be done mixing with wheat flour to get noodles with goodquality. This study aimed to obtain an optimum comparison between wheat flour and gadung flour/mocaf in making noodles. The results showed the best quality wet noodle derived from a combination of 40% gadung flour and 60% wheat flour while the best wet noodles from mocaf - wheat flour derived from combination of 20% mocaf and 80% wheat flour. Best instant noodles obtained from a combination of 40% gadung flour and 60% wheat flour, while best instant noodles from mocaf - wheat flour from a combination of 20% mocaf and 80% wheat flour. For dry noodles, the best results obtained with a ratio of 20% gadung flour and 80% wheat flour, while from mocaf - wheat flour is obtained from a combination of 20% mocaf and 80% flour wheat flour.
PEMBUATAN NATA BERBAHAN DASAR ALANG-ALANG SECARA FERMENTASI SEBAGAI KAJIAN AWAL PEMBUATAN EDIBLE FILM Agnesia Permatasari; Hafsah Fajrin Aprilianti; Aprilina Purbasari
JURNAL TEKNOLOGI KIMIA DAN INDUSTRI Volume 1, Nomor 1, Tahun 2012
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Diponegoro,

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Abstract

Nata is a kind of food fermented by Acetobacter xylinum bacteria, which is forming a gel which floats on the surface of the media or places that contain sugar. Reed plants contain glucose ± 6.8% so it can be used nata. Nata can be harnessed into goods that have a higher economic value, among which are the edible film. Purpose of this study was to determine the effect of concentration of the added starter (Acetobacter xylinum) and influence the level of acidity (pH) in the process of making nata, furthermore nata can be used for manufacture of  edible film. Major in this prosedur there are two steps, first fermentation nata and the second is the manufacture of edible main film. Variable in this study are the variation of pH of 3, 4 and 5 and starter concentration of 10%, 20% and 30%. Optimal result from this study at pH 4 and concentration 30%. This means the addition of 30% of the activity of bacteria Acetobacter xylinum are on optimal conditions in which the starter to the maximum 30% sufficient for the formation of nata. From the results of experiments conducted, the resulting edible film with a thickness of 0.05 mm, tensile strength of 6.635 N/mm2, edible films can be used as food packaging materials with tensile strength values ​​ranged from 2.89 to 27.26 N/mm2 making edible films nata produced from reeds can be used for food packaging materials.
PEMISAHAN KARBON TIDAK TERBAKAR DARI ABU TERBANG DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN SISTEM DISSOLVED AIR FLOTATION (DAF) UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KUALITAS ABU TERBANG Vherlly Surjaatmadja; Winandyo Mangkoto; Setia Budi Sasongko
JURNAL TEKNOLOGI KIMIA DAN INDUSTRI Volume 2, Nomor 3, Tahun 2013
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Diponegoro,

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Abstract

Fly ash is a solid waste product of  coals combustion. Potential areas for the utilization of fly ash is in cement production, butthe unburned carbon in fly ash adversely affects the quality of final product (Miura, K 2010), and this research is a way to separate unburned carbon from fly ash using a flotation column with DAF system(Dissolved Air Flotation). This research is also aim to calculate the unburned carbon using LOI test (Lost On Ignition). This method, used to calculate unburned carbon content, will estimate energy potential from  fly ash recycles.The variable that used in this research is flotation times (15, 25, 35, 45, and 55) minutes and feed concentrations (10, 20, 30, 40, 50) gram/liter. The result shows that the biggest of average % reduction of LOI is 55.1782% at 55 minutes of time variable. For concentration variable there is no significant differences because the average % differences is 7.5395%. Therefore the most effective variable in this research is 50 gram/liter of concentrations and 55 minutes of flotation times.
EVALUASI PERTUMBUHAN MIKROALGA DALAM MEDIUM POME : VARIASI JENIS MIKROALGA, MEDIUM DAN WAKTU PENAMBAHAN NUTRIENT Muhammad Zaini Mahdi; Yasinta Nikita Titisari; H Hadiyanto
JURNAL TEKNOLOGI KIMIA DAN INDUSTRI Volume 1, Nomor 1, Tahun 2012
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Diponegoro,

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Abstract

POME is a liquid waste produced by crude palm oil industry. POME has not been processed optimally and therefore it is problem for environment due to high level of COD and BOD. Algae is known as bioabsorbent which can neutralize pollutants components in the liquid waste. For its growth, microalgae needs nutrients containing carbon, nitrogen, and phosphor. These nutrients are required for photosynthetic to convert carbon source into biomass. POME contains large amount of C, N, P and therefore this research is aimed to study the potential of POME as medium growth of algae Spirulina, Nannochloropsis, and Chlorella. The experiment was done by performing variation of nutrients, type of water, and time of nutrient feeding. The nutrients were urea and sodium bicarbonate. The steps of experiment were preparing the medium, cultivating the microalgae, observing biomass, counting the algae cells, and making calibration curve. The results showed that the best medium for microalgae is POME, Spirulina could grow better in the POME medium than Chlorella and Nannochloropsis, and nutrients added every 2 days was better than adding nutrients in the beginning and without addition of nutrients.
INTEGRASI PENYINARAN DENGAN SINAR UV PADA PROSES INVERSI FASE UNTUK PEMBUATAN MEMBRAN NON-FOULING Addina Nur; Dini Karunia Sari; Heru Susanto
JURNAL TEKNOLOGI KIMIA DAN INDUSTRI Volume 2, Nomor 4, Tahun 2013
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Diponegoro,

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Abstract

Fouling is a serious problem that can reduce the performance of the membrane. Therefore the provision of a membrane with low fouling (non-fouling) is an important thing to do. Non-fouling membrane preparation can be done in two ways, namely modification of the membrane surface after it is created (post-modification) and with mixing (blending) during the manufacturing process. However, the surface modification requires an additional step, while the blending method, produced modification is less stable because there is only mixed without a chemical bond. This paper presents the process  of Ultrafiltration membrane (UF) of polyether sulfone (PES) by mixing polyethylene glycol (PEG) as an additive and exposed to ultraviolet (UV) that will form a non-fouling membranes are stable. In general, the experiment was conducted on the preparation of the solution casting, followed by irradiation with UV light before it immersed in water for one day and dried. The research was carried out by varying the concentration of PEG, photo-initiator benzophenon, type of UV rays, and long irradiation. Characterization of membrane permeability measurements made with pure water, the appearance of the membrane surface with a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and determine the functional groups on the membrane by FTIR. The results showed that irradiation with UV light and the PEG has a significant influence on the characteristics and performance of the membrane.

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