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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,315 Documents
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Physicochemical and microbiological fermented buffalo milk produced by probiotic Lactiplantibacillus pentosus HBUAS53657 and sweet orange juice (Citrus nobilis) SUSMIATI SUSMIATI; SRI MELIA; ENDANG PURWATI; HURRIYA ALZAHRA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 8 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230858

Abstract

Abstract. Susmiati, Melia S, Purwati E, Alzahra H. 2022. Physicochemical and microbiological fermented buffalo milk produced by probiotic Lactiplantibacillus pentosus HBUAS53657 and sweet orange juice (Citrus nobilis). Biodiversitas 23: 4329-4335. Fermented milk is a type of dairy product that has been fermented with lactic acid bacteria. Changes in starter lactic acid bacteria and fruits can improve fermented dairy's physicochemical quality and total lactic acid bacteria (LAB) colonies. This study investigates how changes in the concentration of starter Lactiplantibacillus pentosus HBUAS53657 and sweet orange juice concentration affect protein, fat, moisture, total titratable acidity, pH value, and total lactic acid bacteria (LAB) colonies in buffalo fermented milk. This study used randomized block design (RBD) experiment, with factor A being starter L. pentosus strain HBUAS53657 4%, 5% and 6% (A1, A2 and A3) and factor B being sweet orange juice 10%, 15% and 20% (B1, B2 and B3) with three replications as a treatment. The data were statistically processed using analysis of variance, and the smallest significant difference test was p<0.05. The results showed that the protein content ranged from 5.81-6.33%, fat content 6.14-6.35%, water content 81.63- 85.78%, pH 3.57-4.23, TTA value 1.30-1.85 and total LAB colonies from 4.67×109 to 9.0×109 CFU/mL. Fermented milk products with 6% starter L. pentosus HBUAS53657 and 20% sweet orange juice produced the best results. This product is suitable for consumption as a probiotic beverage.
Analysis of bacteriocins of lactic acid bacteria isolated from fermentation of rebon shrimp (Acetes sp.) in South Sorong, Indonesia as antibacterial agents SUKMAWATI SUKMAWATI; SIPRIYADI SIPRIYADI; MELDA YUNITA; NURUL KUSUMA DEWI; ERIN D. NOYA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 7 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230763

Abstract

Abstract. Sukmawati S, Sipriyadi, Yunita M, Dewi NK, Noya ED. 2022. Analysis of bacteriocins of lactic acid bacteria isolated from fermentation of rebon shrimp (Acetes sp.) in South Sorong, Indonesia as antibacterial agents. Biodiversitas 23: xxxx. Bacteriocins are protein compounds that are often used as biopreservative agents due to their antibacterial effects against various types of pathogenic bacteria. Bacteriocins are used as food additives that can control the growth of spoilage bacteria in food. Bacteriocins can be obtained from Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) and are generally isolated from fermentation products, such as rebon shrimp fermentation. The objective of this study was to analyze the activity of bacteriocins isolated by fermented rebon shrimp in South Sorong as antibacterials. The method used in this study is a descriptive study by describing the ability of bacteriocins to inhibit pathogenic bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Salmonella typhimurium). The results showed that of the seven bacteriocin samples obtained from the fermented rebon shrimp paste and acidic shrimp paste were able to inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria (S. aureus, E. coli, and S. typhimurium). The sensitivity test of bacteriocin to protease enzymes and its activity against pathogenic bacteria showed that bacteriocins derived from LAB were not sensitive to proteinase-K. The test results of the effect of temperature on bacteriocins and their activity against pathogenic bacteria showed that these bacteriocins were stable at high temperatures, normal temperatures and freezing temperatures. The test results of the effect of pH on bacteriocin activity on pathogenic bacteria showed that bacteriocins were stable in a wide pH range including pH 2, pH 3, pH 4, and pH 5; potassium phosphate buffer with pH 6, 7, and 8; and glycine buffer with pH 9, 10, and 11. Meanwhile, The test results of the effect of NaCl on bacteriocin activity on pathogenic bacteria showed that the bacteriocin sample was not affected by the administration of NaCl. Thus it can be stated that the seven samples had a great ability to inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria dan it can be further developed as the basis of natural food preservatives.
Diversity and composition of ant species in different urban areas in Bogor, West Java, Indonesia Idham Sakti Harahap; Trijanti A. Widinni Asnan; Sri Widayanti; Herni Widhiastuti
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 8 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230829

Abstract

Abstract. Harahap IS, Asnan TAW, Widayanti S, Widhiastuti H. 2022. Diversity and composition of ant species in different urban areas in Bogor, West Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 4090-4096. Land use change, from natural to urban areas, is a threat to biodiversity because the disturbance created by human can destroy the habitat and decrease species richness. Ant is one of the most abundant animals in tropical habitats and most intrusive in an urban area. This research aims to determine the types of ants commonly found in various urban ecosystems in Bogor, West Java, Indonesia. Ant observation and sampling were carried out in Bogor City Areas at four different urban ecosystems, i.e., office area, shopping mall, housing area, and bus station. At each sampling location, ten observation plots were taken under different environmental conditions. Sampling was carried out for 6 months, from April to October 2021 with the direct collection and trapping method. The sample was then carried out to the laboratory for identification and data analysis process. The results of the species inventory obtained 7532 individuals and 28 species from 4 subfamilies, namely Dolichoderinae, Formicinae, Myrmicinae, and Ponerinae. The diversity of ant species at each location showed that the ant species in the bus station were not significantly different from the mall area. However, the diversity of ant species in three locations, namely bus stations, malls, and housing estates, showed significant differences with the diversity of ant species in office habitats. Anoplolepis gracilipes which is an invasive tramp species, is one type of ant found in all sampling locations with a relatively high abundance.
Investigation of the genetic diversity of jewel orchid in Vietnam using RAPD and ISSR markers THI KIM PHUONG TRAN; MINH HAC PHAM; THI HUONG TRINH; SASANTI WIDIARSIH; VIET THE HO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 9 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230950

Abstract

Abstract. Tran TKP, Pham MH, Trinh TH, Widiarsih S, Ho VT. 2022. Investigation of the genetic diversity of jewel orchid in Vietnam using RAPD and ISSR markers. Biodiversitas 23: 4816-4825. Jewel orchid is a general name for several genera belonging to the Orchidaceae family, namely Anoectochilus, Doddinia, Goodyera, Ludisia, and Macodes. These plants are generally used as medicinal herbal for common diseases in Vietnam. Due to over-exploitation, the natural resources of jewel orchids are gradually depleted. Therefore, genetic resource research for proper development of this medicinal plant is necessary. This study aimed to investigate the genetic diversity of jewel orchids in Vietnam using RAPD and ISSR markers to provide basic data conservation of genetic resources and the development of this medicinal plant. A total of 20 jewel orchid samples were genetically characterized by using 10 RAPD and 10 ISSR primers. The amplified bands were binary coded and used to construct phylogenetic trees with NTSYSpc 2.1 software. Each RAPD primer produced 5-11 bands with an average of 8.0, and similarity coefficients ranged from 0.52 to 0.81. Each ISSR primer produced 5-10 bands with an average of 7.6, and the similarity coefficients ranged from 0.54 to 0.87. Combined RAPD and ISSR markers produced similarity coefficients ranging from 0.53 to 0.83. Based on the PIC values, the primers used by both markers are highly informative. However, the topology of cluster analysis of 20 jewel orchid accessions does not correspond to the taxa studied. The findings could be potential to employ in future classification, conservation, and development of this plant.
Variation of morphological characteristics, total phenolic, and total flavonoid in Adenostemma lavenia, A. madurense, and A. platyphyllum NURLELA NURLELA; RIFAN NURFALAH; FIRA ANANDA; TAOPIK RIDWAN; AULIYA ILMIAWATI; WARAS NURCHOLIS; HIROSHI TAKEMORI; IRMANIDA BATUBARA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 8 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230818

Abstract

Abstract. Nurlela, Nurfalah R, Ananda F, Ridwan T, Ilmiawati A, Nurcholis W, Takemori H, Batubara I. 2022. Variation of morphological characteristics, total phenolic, and total flavonoid in Adenostemma lavenia, A. madurense, and A. platyphyllum. Biodiversitas 23: 3999-4005. Adenostemma has long been used as a herbal medication. Despite some studies regarding the morphology and potency of Adenostemma carried out, the variation of morphological traits, total phenolic content (TPC), and total flavonoid content (TFC) on different species of Adenostemma has been poorly investigated. This study was designed to observe the morphological characteristics, TPC, and TFC of Adenostemma lavenia, A. madurense, and A. platyphyllum. Morphological characteristics were observed using qualitative and quantitative parameters. The colorimetric method determined TPC and TFC in plant leaf ethanol extracts. The plants were morphologically diverse, which significant variation among the three species in plant height, length and width of leaf, and internodes distance. Morphological traits such as leaf length and width, plant height, and internodes distance significantly correlate with phenolic and flavonoid content in Adenostemma. These may be used as important selection criteria in Adenostemma for obtaining high phenolic and flavonoid content. The study revealed that different species of these plants with varying morphological traits substantially impact the content of their chemical compounds. The highest TPC and TFC were found in A. lavenia, suggesting that it is potentially an alternative source of bioactive compounds as herbal medicine.
The prospects of business development in ornamental fish in Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia SUR MULYATI; TOMMY HERDIANTO; ACHMAD SUHERMANTO; ACHMAD SOFIAN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 12 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d231239

Abstract

Abstract. Mulyati S, Herdianto T, Suhermanto A, Sofian A. 2022. The prospects of business development in ornamental fish in Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 6413-6419. Ornamental fish is a potential commodity necessarily optimized to improve the welfare of society. One of the Indonesian provinces producing diverse species of ornamental fish to export is Southeast Sulawesi. This study aimed to evaluate the ornamental fish potentials and create an evaluation possibly implemented as a consideration to determine business development strategies. The method was a case study, collected data through observation, interviews, literature study, and internal and external conditions were analyzed using SWOT analysis. The study analyzed the potential, trade, and strategy for business development in ornamental fish in Southeast Sulawesi. The study discovers that 38 species are traded, and nine of them are dominantly traded. Moreover, there are six main species potentially cultivated due to the demand and stable production; they are Betok Kupang (Chrysietera cyanea), Capungan (Apogon sp.), Angel KKO (Cirrhilabrus sp.), Clown fish (Amphiprion ocellaris), Keling Rub (Cirrhilabrus sp.), and Letter six (Paracanthurus hepatus). The development of ornamental fish cultivation can be implemented with the S-O (strengths–opportunities) strategy that manages and protects the environment of ornamental fish, strengthens the capacity of fishers and stakeholders for environmentally friendly activities and export market orientation, and builds cooperation of fisherman, exporters, and stakeholders to develop business in ornamental fish by emphasizing local species with high economic values and market demands. These results can be a consideration in making decisions related to the development of ornamental fish.
Short Communication: Attractiveness of subterranean termite Coptotermes formosanus to plant leaf extracts Yuliati Indrayani; MUSRIZAL MUIN; CYNTHIA ADILLA; TSUYOSHI YOSHIMURA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 19 No. 3 (2018)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d190354

Abstract

Abstract. Indrayani Y, Muin M, Adilla C, Yoshimura T. 2018. Short Communication: Attractiveness of subterranean termite Coptotermes formosanus to plant leaf extracts. Biodiversitas 19: 1176-1180. Plant-derived compounds have many potential uses. One such use is in agriculture for managing pests with less risk than with synthetic compounds that are toxicologically and environmentally undesirable. The current study focuses on the potential use of leaf extracts from five tropical plant species in attractant bait systems for controlling subterranean termites. Leaves from clove [Syzygium aromaticum (L.)], cajuput (Melaleuca leucadendra L.), cinnamon [Cinnamomum burmannii (Nees & T. Nees) Blume], basil (Ocimum sanctum L.) and bay (Syzygium polyanthum Wight) were extracted with 70% ethanol solution. Each extract was evaluated for its attractant properties for Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki using olfactory and Y-line trail following tests, respectively. Extract solutions were diluted to 1% concentration based on their eugenol content. For each test, which was replicated 15 times, a single worker was introduced into the test unit. The results showed that M. leucadendra crude extract was the most attractive among the five plant crude extracts, and the S. aromaticum crude extract was attractive especially in the trail-following test. The attraction rates were 40.00%, 80.00%, 53.33%, 60.00% and 46.67% for the S. aromaticum, M. leucadendra, C. burmannii, O. sanctum and S. polyanthum extracts, respectively. The trail-following rates were 86.67% for the S. aromaticum extract, 66.67% for the M. leucadendra extract, 53.33% for the C. burmannii extract, 20% for the O. sanctum extract as well as 26.67% for the S. polyanthum extract.
Potential feeding plants of Javan Langur (Trachypithecus auratus) in the eastern slope of Biru Mountain, Batu City, East Java, Indonesia Harrys Djamil Wardhana; TATAG MUTTAQIN; NIRMALA AYU ARYANTI; IWAN KURNIAWAN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 8 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230845

Abstract

Abstract. Wardhana HD, Muttaqin T, Aryanti N, Kurniawan I. 2022. Potential feeding plants of Javan Langur (Trachypithecus auratus) in the eastern slope of Biru Mountain, Batu City, East Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 4216-4222. The Javan langur (Trachypithecus auratus) is an endemic animal in Indonesia and is located on the island of Java. Javan langur is an endemic primate and an officially endangered species. The purpose of this study was to determine the potential of forage plants in the area that will be used as a Javan langur release location so that it becomes one aspect of assessing whether or not it is appropriate for a Javan langur release. This research was conducted in Gunung Biru, Batu City, East Java, Indonesia. The method used is wandering quarter to determine the species composition. The analysis used is vegetation analysis, Morisita distribution index, Shannon-Wiener diversity index, Evenness index, Margalef wealth index, and Sorensen similarity index. The results of this study obtained 45 species of plants from the level of the pole and tree. Some of the dominant species are Homalanthus giganteus, Quercus sondaicus, Engelhardia spicata, and Trema orientalis. All types of plants found during the study were included in the Javan langur forage plants. The distribution index was clustered at the pole and tree level with a value of 0.081 at the pole and 0.106 at the tree. The diversity index was high at the pole level with a value of 3.272, while the moderate tree level with a value of 2.539. The species richness index showed high at the pole and tree level, with a value of 6.916 at the pole level and 4.461 at the tree level. The evenness of the pole-level vegetation is 0.874 and the tree-level vegetation is 0.789, so it includes a high evenness value. The similarity value between paths below 50% indicates that the similarity is low. Knowing that all species in the area are a source of forage for langurs, it can be said that the forage sources for Javan langurs are very abundant and it can be said that the area is very suitable for the release area of ??Javan langurs.
Synopsis of Sumatran Nepenthes (Indonesia) HERNAWATI HERNAWATI; ERVIZAL AM ZUHUD; LILIK BUDI PRASETYO; RINEKSO SOEKMADI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 8 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230848

Abstract

Abstract. Hernawati, Zuhud EA, Prasetyo LB, Soekmadi R. 2022. Synopsis of Sumatran Nepenthes (Indonesia). Biodiversitas 23: 4243-4255. Taxonomic status is a fundamental component in determining the conservation status of a species. Inappropriate taxonomic entities can mislead efforts to protect species, especially endangered ones. Determining the taxonomic status of Sumatran Nepenthes is an essential step in conserving these unique species. This study aims to assess the taxonomic status and update the compilation of scientific names and taxon positions related to the Sumatran Nepenthes. The morphological characters were collected through observation of herbarium specimens and field research in several locations in Sumatra. The grouping of species is built based on the similarity of morphological characters for each selected species and follows a taxonomic revision process. The results showed that Sumatra had 39 species of Nepenthes, which were previously known to occur in only 29 species. The increase in the number of Sumatran Nepenthes came from (i) The publication of 9 new Nepenthes species from Sumatra. (ii) Restores N. pectinata and N. xiphiodes as independent species from their original position as synonyms for N. gymnamphora. (iii) Positioning N. gymnamphora as one of the Nepenthes species on the island of Java. (iv) Positioning N. angasanensis, N. longifolia, N. talangensis, and N. tenuis as independent species and not synonyms of N. mikei, N. beccariana, N. bongso, and N. dubia
Evaluation of seagrass beds as a foraging and nursery habitat based on the structure of the fish community in Nusmapi Island, West Papua, Indonesia EMMANUEL MANANGKALANGI; LUKY SEMBEL; SELVI TEBAIY; AGNESTESYA MANUPUTTY; MINA REGINA RUMAYOMI; PHILIPUS MUSYERI; DODDY SAWAKI; DAUD ORISSU; ABRAHAM WILLIAM MANUMPIL; YUANIKE KABER
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 10 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d231024

Abstract

Abstract. Manangkalangi E, Sembel L, Tebaiy S, Manuputty A, Rumayomi MR, Musyeri P, Sawaki D, Orissu D, Manumpil AW, Kaber Y. 2022. Evaluation of seagrass beds as a foraging and nursery habitat based on the structure of the fish community in Nusmapi Island, West Papua, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 5539-5550. Seagrass beds are one of the ecosystems inhabited by various coastal aquatic fauna, including fish. However, information on the temporal role of this ecosystem for fish fauna, particularly diurnal and nocturnal, is still limited. Therefore, this study was conducted to describe daily variations in the fish species composition, their ecological index, developmental stages, and trophic groups in a seagrass bed on Nusmapi Isl., Manokwari. The species composition differed between day and night sampling periods based on the results obtained from 40 species of fish belonging to 21 families and 7 orders. Furthermore, fish species consisted of three trophic groups (omnivores, carnivores, and herbivores), with omnivores and carnivores dominating during the day and at night by 48.6% and 87.5%, respectively. Species found in seagrass beds majorly consisted of juvenile stage individuals (65.9%). Individual abundance varied from day to night and was mainly found among group-forming species, such as S. spinus, S. trilineata, S. punctatissimum, and M. pralinia. The index of diversity, evenness, and dominance at the two relatively similar sampling times described the overall stability of fish communities in seagrass beds. The results indicate that seagrass beds serve as foraging and nursery grounds for many fish species in coastal waters. In addition, the management and protection of fish biodiversity and coastal fishery resources are affected by the ecosystem function.

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