cover
Article Per Year (5 Year)
All
Home Page
OAI Link
Editorial Team
Contact
Reviewer
Google Scholar
Contact Name
suranto
Contact Email
editors@smujo.id
Phone
-
Journal Mail Official
editors@smujo.id
Editorial Address
unsjournals@gmail.com
Location
Kota surakarta,
Jawa tengah
INDONESIA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,315 Documents
 416   417   418   419   420 
Low-density polyethylene sheet biodegradation by Tenebrio molitor and Zophobas morio larvae and metagenome studies on their gut bacteria BERNADETTA OCTAVIA; ANNA RAKHMAWATI; SUHARTINI SUHARTINI; LUTHFIA DWI RACHMANI; TITAN DWIKAMA PUTRA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Abstract. Octavia B, Rakhmawati A, Suhartini, Rachmani LD, Putra TD. 2023. Low-density polyethylene sheet biodegradation by Tenebrio molitor and Zophobas morio larvae and metagenome studies on their gut bacteria. Biodiversitas 24: 878-886. Low-density polyethylene (LDPE) is one of the types of plastics that are massively produced and used today. Strong and very stable are the characteristics of this type of plastic. However, its chemical and physical qualities such as hydrophobicity and high molecular weight are believed to make LDPE plastic resistant to degradation. Some microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi, and algae are known to be feasible to be used as plastic biodegradation agents although some of them still show low biodegradation ability. Recently, it was reported that Tenebrio molitor and Zophobas morio could degrade plastic. These larvae can eat several types of plastic, and one of them is LDPE. The ability to degrade LDPE plastics with their gut bacteria contributes synergistically to solving problems related to plastic waste in the future. Therefore, the diversity of the larvae gut bacteria needs to be explored more to find out the bacteria that may be involved in the biodegradation of LDPE plastic sheets. In this study, T. molitor and Z. morio were treated with LDPE sheet diet for 30 days. By the end of the treatment, the sheets were analyzed to see the waste reduction index and the surface using SEM-EDX. Then, the gut bacteria were extracted and analyzed through metagenome analysis. This study found that T. molitor and Z. morio could degrade LDPE sheet with weight reduction indexes of 44.6% and 16.76% respectively. Metagenomic analysis found that T. molitor has 441 OTUs with Corynebacteria as the dominating genus. Meanwhile, Z. morio has 511 OTUs with Citrobacter as the dominating genus. Both larvae also have genera that known to have the ability to degrade LDPE sheets.
Flowering type and morphological diversity of Bido coconut from Morotai Island District, Indonesia SUKMAWATI MAWARDI; MUHAMMAD ROIYAN ROMADHON; RAHMA RAHMA; ISMAIL MASKROMO; DINY DINARTI; SUDARSONO SUDARSONO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 3 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240317

Abstract

Abstract. Mawardi S, Romadhon MR, Rahma, Maskromo I, Dinarti D, Sudarsono. 2023. Flowering type and morphological diversity of Bido coconut from Morotai Island District, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 1473-1481. In general, coconuts are divided into Tall and Dwarf types. Dwarf coconut is early bearing and has a short trunk, while Tall coconut yields high-quality copra and has a large fruit size. Furthermore, Bido-Tall coconut is an early bearing with a short trunk, medium size fruit, and high-quality copra. This research aims to evaluate Bido coconut population variations and study the flowering types of Bido and other coconut types in the research locations. Morphological and flowering type observation was conducted for Bido Tall, Local Tall, Local Dwarf, and Bido Tall outcrossing progenies at Bido Village, North Maluku, Indonesia. Flowering-type observations were carried out on three successive inflorescences. The Bido Tall, Dwarf, and the Bido Tall outcrossing progenies exhibited natural autogamy pollination, while the Local Tall coconut was semi-autogamy. The Principal Component Analysis (PCA) results indicated that the stem girth at 20 cm and 150 cm above ground, the internode length, the leaf numbers, the fruit color, and the fruit numbers cumulatively contributed to 68.80% of the observed coconut variabilities. Most Bido Tall coconut individuals were clustered separately from the existing local Tall and Dwarf coconuts. However, the clustering analysis showed average similarity among Bido Tall, the Local Tall, and Dwarf coconuts are still above 70%. The similarity coefficient among the Bido Tall coconut, the Bido Tall outcrossing progenies (natural hybrids), and the Local Tall was higher than among Bido Tall to the Local Dwarf coconuts.
Anatomical characteristics of the leaning stem in Pinus merkusii seedling NEVLYA MIA SAFITRI; FANANY WURI PRASTIWI; SYIFA SALSABILA; YOGI FERIAWAN; ALIF BRILIANTO; WIDYANTO DWI NUGROHO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 7 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240717

Abstract

Abstract. Safitri NM, Prastiwi FW, Salsabila S, Feriawan Y, Brilianto A, Nugroho WD. 2023. Anatomical characteristics of the leaning stem in Pinus merkusii seedling. Biodiversitas 24: 3796-3802. Pinus merkusii Jungh. & de Vriese is one of the tropical conifer species. The species formed reaction wood called compression wood (CW) when the stem grows in an abnormal position. CW in stem wood is frequently found to cause several problems for utilization in the use of its products. However, there are few studies on the anatomical characteristics of reaction wood in tropical conifer. This study aimed to observe the differences in anatomical characteristics between compression (CW) and opposite (OW) woods in leaning the stem of P. merkusii seedlings and their anatomical differences compared to normal wood (NW). Approx. 1-year-old P. merkusii seedlings from a nursery in Trenggalek, East Java, Indonesia, that were naturally bent or tilted were used in the study. Anatomical characteristics of wood, namely the dimension of tracheids, rays, resin canals, and the proportion of cells were observed in the study. The results showed that CW of P. merkusii seedlings formed a rounded tracheid shape and intercellular space. The differences between CW and OW in P. merkusii seedlings were significant in terms of height of ray cells, tracheid proportion, and resin canal proportion. However, tracheid length, tracheid diameter, tracheid wall thickness, resin canal diameter and frequency, rays frequency, and ray proportion were not significantly different compared to OW and NW.
Genotypes assessment for developing varieties on multi-canopy rice cultivation system MIFTAKHUL BAKHRIR ROZAQ KHAMID; AHMAD JUNAEDI; HENI PURNAMAWATI; HAJRIAL ASWIDINNOOR; LILIK BUDI PRASETYO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240258

Abstract

Abstract. Khamid MBR, Junaedi A, Purnamawati H, Aswidinnoor H, Prasetyo LB. 2023. Genotypes assessment for developing varieties on multi-canopy rice cultivation system. Biodiversitas 24: 1175-1185. The Multi-Canopy Rice Cultivation (MCRC) system is a promising cultivation technique that adopts the advantages of cultivar mixture with different canopy vertical dispersion. This system may increase productivity by optimizing vertical space and more efficient input resources. This study aimed to assess the genotype derived from the IPB breeding line for suitability in the MCRC system by combining the short and the tall rice plants. Seed material used four genotypes of the short plants and four genotypes of the tall plants as promising breeding lines of IPB University and three released varieties as the control for productivity evaluation. The resultsshowed morphological and physiological performance as good as in the mono-genotype on the variables of the flag leaf shape, plant height, Soil Plant Analysis Development (SPAD)value, and Crop Growth Rate (CGR). Some genotype combinations achieved productivity higher than 1.00 Land Equivalent Ratio (LER) compared to the mono-genotype, indicating that increasing rice productivity is possible using the MCRC system. The result indicates that the suitable combination of the short-tall genotypes in the MCRC system may be considered to deal with the criteria of plant height, grain yield, and LER in the MCRC, as well as grain index and related grain quality.
Anisakid nematodes from the largehead hairtail fish (Trichiurus lepturus) from the northern coast of Java, Indonesia Eko Setyobudi; Murwantoko Murwantoko; Alusia Melanita Ria Utami; Rizka Fauziana Syarifah
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 3 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240328

Abstract

Abstract. Setyobudi E, Murwantoko, Utami AMR, Syarifah RF. 2023. Anisakid nematodes from the largehead hairtail fish (Trichiurus lepturus) from the northern coast of Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 1560-1568. Hairtail fish has been frequently reported to be infected by anisakid nematodes. This study aims to determine the presence of anisakid nematodes on the large-head hairtail fish (Trichiurus lepturus) from the northern coast of the Java Sea, Indonesia. In total, 306 hairtail fish were collected from the northern coast of Java. Each fish sample was measured its length and weighed, then dissected to examine the presence of anisakid nematode. The anisakid larva examination was conducted in the body cavity, internal organs, digestive tract, and muscles. The anisakid nematodes found were then separated and grouped based on morphological appearance, namely body color and size. Selected samples from each anisakid group and sampling location were extracted and identified molecularly by the direct sequencing method. The findings showed that the larvae of anisakid nematodes infect the T. lepturus with different prevalence and average intensity at each location (P: 38.0-100%, MI: 3.33-42.88 larvae/ind.). Mostly anisakid larvae were found in the body cavity and were not found in the muscle. Most of the T. lepturus from the northern coasts of Cirebon and Pati were infected with anisakid at low intensity (?5 larvae/individual). The high intensity of anisakid larval infection was shown by the hairtail originating from Rembang and Tuban (>20 larvae/ind.). Molecular identification showed that three anisakids were isolated from hairtails from the northern coast of Java, namely Anisakis typica, Hysterothylacium amoyense, and Raphidascaris lophii. Information on anisakid species and their distribution is important as a reference for fish handling and processing, the assessment of the human health risk, and the development of these nematodes as biological tags.
Short Communication: The flowering process of Prunus cerasoides Buch.-Ham. Ex D.Don in Bali Botanic Garden GEBBY AGNESSYA ESA OKTAVIA; RAJIF IRYADI; TRI WARSENO; HERY PURNOBASUKI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240259

Abstract

Abstract. Oktavia GAE, Iryadi R, Warseno T, Purnobasuki H. 2023. Short Communication: The flowering process of Prunus cerasoides Buch.-Ham. Ex D.Don in Bali Botanic Garden. Biodiversitas 24: 1186-1191. Prunus cerasoides Buch.-Ham. Ex D.Don is a native plant of the Indian-Indochinese floristic zone and one of the Eka Karya Bali Botanical Gardens' collection plants (EKBBG). Weather factors have an impact on the length of blossoming. Moreover, the microclimate variations study is a fascinating subject. A plant's adaptation is influenced by changes in the environment regularly. This research goal was to figure out how P. cerasoides flowers in EKBBG and how that relates to environmental parameters. The flowering time of four P. cerasoides trees from the EKBBG collection was observed. The weather from satellite data of the EKBBG Registration Unit provided environmental data in the form of air temperature, humidity, air pressure, and rainfall. The IBM SPSS Statistics 23 software was used to analyze the data. The results revealed that P. cerasoides in EKBBG flower twice a year, with the development stage of flower buds, blooming, and then the fall phase of the floral ornaments. Due to the blossoms falling, the fruit did not mature. Moreover, the number of blooms that develop is unaffected by temperature or UV index.
Benthic macroinvertebrates functional feeding group community distribution in rivers connected to reservoirs in the midstream of Citarum River, West Java, Indonesia FIKRI ILMI; BARTI S. MUNTALIF; NURUL CHAZANAH; NAVISYA E. SARI; SATRIA W. BAGASKARA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 3 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240352

Abstract

Abstract. Ilmi F, Muntalif BS, Chazanah N, Sari NE, Bagaskara SW. 2023. Benthic macroinvertebrates functional feeding group community distribution in rivers connected to reservoirs in the Midstream of Citarum River, West Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 1773-1784. An imbalance in the composition of the feeding groups can indicate a disturbed environment; therefore, in recent years, feeding group composition analysis has been widely used by academics to assess the health of river ecosystems. This research aims to describe the general distribution of functional feeding groups related to their habitat condition. The research was conducted in the midstream of the Citarum River, around the Saguling, Cirata, and Jatiluhur Dams of West Java Province, Indonesia. The midstream Citarum region starts from the Margaasih Sub-district, Bandung District (before Saguling Dam) to the Jatiluhur Sub-district, Purwakarta District (after Jatiluhur Dam). The research was conducted from July to September 2022. Environmental data, including water and sediment samples, were taken monthly, whereas benthic macroinvertebrates samples were taken every two weeks using a Surber net. Benthic macroinvertebrates samples were then classified based on their species and feeding group. In addition, water pollution levels were classified based on Nemerow Pollution Index. Pollution levels and sediment characteristics were then tested for correlation with the benthic macroinvertebrate feeding group distribution. In general, in midstream Citarum, gathering collectors are the group with the highest relative abundance (82.64%), followed by scrapers (35.6%), predators (11.66%), and filtering collectors (2.14%). Based on Pearson's correlation, environmental conditions such as pollution and types of substrates have several negative correlations with the distribution of functional feeding groups. A dam in the midstream Citarum region has proven to affect environmental conditions. Differences in flow velocity, substrate characteristics, physicochemical quality of water, and pollution levels characterize this.
Composition, diversity and association of pioneer plants on post-landslide areas in Palopo, South Sulawesi, Indonesia DEWI MARWATI NURYANTI; LIANA LIANA; WITNO WITNO; ANDANG SURYANA SOMA; ASRIANNY ASRIANNY; SRIDA MITRA AYU; INDAH MIN AWALIA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 3 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240362

Abstract

Abstract. Nuryanti DM, Liana, Witno, Soma AS, Asrianny, Ayu SM, Awalia IM. 2023. Composition, diversity and association of pioneer plants on post-landslide areas in Palopo, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 1862-1870. The existence of pioneer plants is very important because of their role in initiating vegetation succession as well as regulators of the physical properties of a disturbed environment. Landslide is one type of environmental disturbance that causes vegetation loss, either partially or entirely. In many cases, several pioneer plants start to appear following a landslide. This study aims to assess the vegetation composition, diversity and interspecific association of plant species in post-landslide areas in Palopo City, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. We employed sampling plot methods with a size of 5 x 5 m2 in 12 landslide sites with varying landslide characteristics during the period of 2021 to 2022. Vegetation composition was analyzed using Important Value Index and an interspecies association was analyzed using Chi-square analysis. The results of the study found that the pioneer plants on post-landslides consisted of a total of 112 species which can be classified into eight habitus, namely bamboo, herbaceous, vines, ferns, palms, shrubs, trees and bushes. Herbaceous plants had the largest number of species, with 53 species. Species with the highest IVI for tree was Trema orientalis (L.) Blume (79.86%), shrub was Homalanthus populifolius Graham (61.49%), bush was unidentified species (53.41%), fern was Nephrolepis cordifolia (L.) C.Presl (6.99%), vines was Merremia peltata (L.) Merr. (57.92%), herbaceous was Miconia papillosa (Desr.) Naudin (22.65%), while palm was Pandanus tectorius Parkinson ex Du Roi and bamboo was Bambusa balcoa Roxb. each had IVI of 200% because only one species was found. The results of the diversity analysis showed that trees, shrubs, bushes, ferns, vines and herbs had a moderate level of species diversity, while palm and bamboo had a low diversity level. Similarly, trees, shrubs, bushes, ferns, and vines had high evenness levels, while bamboo and palm had low evenness index. There were three associations between dominant plants, namely B. balcoa with T. orientalis, B. balcoa with H. populifolius, and B. balcoa with Macroptilium atropurpureum (DC.) Urb. The findings of this study suggest that in just one year, pioneer plants rapidly colonized post-landslide areas which provided vegetation cover for the open landscape.
Macroalgae diversity in the Pari Island Cluster, Seribu Islands District, Jakarta, Indonesia SRI HANDAYANI; IMAM WIDHIONO; DWI SUNU WIDYARTINI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 3 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240339

Abstract

Abstract. Handayani S, Widhiono I, Widyartini DS. 2023. Macroalgae diversity in the Pari Island Cluster, Seribu Islands District, Jakarta, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 1659-1667. Macroalgae are primary producers of the ocean that support the life of other organisms at higher trophic levels in aquatic ecosystems. This study aimed to determine the diversity of macroalgae in the Pari Island cluster and the diversity of water quality. The research method used is the survey method, with the quadratic transect method. Ecological index analysis using PAST 4.0 software. The relationship between diversity correlation and water quality using PCA software. The results of the study found 22 species of macroalgae consisting of 3 divisions, namely Chlorophyta (11 species), Phaeophyta (4 species), and Rhodophyta (7 species). Diversity of Pari Island (H'=2.314, E=0.594, D=0.121) and Kongsi Island (H'=1.191, E=0.481, D=0.211). The largest species are Acanthophora spicifera (M.Vahl) Børgesen (Rhodophyta), with 396 individuals; Caulerpa racemosa (Forssk.) J.Agardh (Chlorophyta), with 343 individuals; and Padina australis Hauck (Phaeophyta), with an individual number of 130. Macroalgae diversity in the Pari Island Cluster belongs to the moderate category. The diversity of macroalgae in the Pari Island Cluster is influenced by physical factors of temperature, salinity, brightness, depth, and current speed, as well as chemical factors of nitrate, orthophosphate, dissolved oxygen, heavy metal levels of Pb, Cu, and pH.
Utilization of farmer priority on local beef cattle development strategy in Central Java, Indonesia Restiyana Agustine; Mujtahidah Anggriani Ummul Muzayyanah; Ahmad Romadhoni Surya Putra; Endang Baliarti
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 1 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240159

Abstract

Abstract. Agustine R, Muzayyanah MAU, Putra ARS, Baliarti E. 2023. Utilization of farmer priority on local beef cattle development strategy in Central Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 508-515. Indonesian local beef cattle, Peranakan Ongole (PO), is essential cattle breed predominantly raised by smallholder farmers in Central Java Province. Although it is generally perceived that raising PO cattle is not a regular source of income for the majority of farmers, however, there are few specific studies investigating the aspects and motives of farmers to keep their cattle. Therefore, this study is designed to explore the perspective of farmers leaders in Central Java, Indonesia, toward the priority aspects of raising PO cattle for their livelihoods. We selected Blora, Klaten, Grobogan, and Rembang as representatives of the study involving 29 farmers leaders with at least ten years of experience. Analytic Hierarchy Process was employed as a decision-making instrument to understand better various aspects used by PO cattle farmers. The results show that farmers consider investment function as their primary goal in raising PO cattle in all study areas. Then, farmers consider reproduction performance as the top priority aspect. In conclusion, the study revealed that smallholder farmers consider reproductive ability as a priority due to farmers make the investment function the main goal in raising PO cattle. Therefore, we recommended that farmers improve their knowledge regarding cows' reproduction through extension workers' assistance. Certainty on the PO cattle's selling price is needed so that raising PO cattle is feasible as an investment and stimulates the interest of farmers raising PO cattle.

Page 418 of 632 | Total Record : 6315

 416   417   418   419   420 

Filter by Year

2000 2026


Reset
Filter By Issues
All Issue Vol. 27 No. 8 (2026) Vol. 27 No. 7 (2026) Vol. 27 No. 6 (2026) Vol. 27 No. 5 (2026) Vol. 27 No. 4 (2026) Vol. 27 No. 3 (2026) Vol. 27 No. 2 (2026) Vol. 27 No. 1 (2026) Vol. 26 No. 12 (2025) Vol. 26 No. 11 (2025) Vol. 26 No. 10 (2025) Vol. 26 No. 9 (2025) Vol. 26 No. 8 (2025) Vol. 26 No. 7 (2025) Vol. 26 No. 6 (2025) Vol. 26 No. 5 (2025) Vol. 26 No. 4 (2025) Vol. 26 No. 3 (2025) Vol. 26 No. 2 (2025) Vol. 26 No. 1 (2025) Vol. 25 No. 12 (2024) Vol. 25 No. 11 (2024) Vol. 25 No. 10 (2024) Vol. 25 No. 9 (2024) Vol. 25 No. 8 (2024) Vol. 25 No. 7 (2024) Vol. 25 No. 6 (2024) Vol. 25 No. 5 (2024) Vol. 25 No. 4 (2024) Vol. 25 No. 3 (2024) Vol. 25 No. 2 (2024) Vol. 25 No. 1 (2024) Vol. 24 No. 12 (2023) Vol. 24 No. 11 (2023) Vol. 24 No. 10 (2023) Vol. 24 No. 9 (2023) Vol. 24 No. 8 (2023) Vol. 24 No. 7 (2023) Vol. 24 No. 6 (2023) Vol. 24 No. 5 (2023) Vol. 24 No. 4 (2023) Vol. 24 No. 3 (2023) Vol. 24 No. 2 (2023) Vol. 24 No. 1 (2023) Vol. 23 No. 12 (2022) Vol. 23 No. 11 (2022) Vol. 23 No. 10 (2022) Vol. 23 No. 9 (2022) Vol. 23 No. 8 (2022) Vol. 23 No. 7 (2022) Vol. 23 No. 6 (2022) Vol. 23 No. 5 (2022) Vol. 23 No. 4 (2022) Vol. 23 No. 3 (2022) Vol. 23 No. 2 (2022) Vol. 23 No. 1 (2022) Vol. 22 No. 12 (2021) Vol. 22 No. 11 (2021) Vol. 22 No. 10 (2021) Vol. 22 No. 9 (2021) Vol. 22 No. 8 (2021) Vol. 22 No. 7 (2021) Vol. 22 No. 6 (2021) Vol. 22 No. 5 (2021) Vol. 22 No. 4 (2021) Vol. 22 No. 3 (2021) Vol. 22 No. 2 (2021) Vol. 22 No. 1 (2021) Vol. 21 No. 12 (2020) Vol. 21 No. 11 (2020) Vol. 21 No. 10 (2020) Vol. 21 No. 9 (2020) Vol. 21 No. 8 (2020) Vol. 21 No. 7 (2020) Vol. 21 No. 6 (2020) Vol. 21 No. 5 (2020) Vol. 21 No. 4 (2020) Vol. 21 No. 3 (2020) Vol. 21 No. 2 (2020) Vol. 21 No. 1 (2020) Vol. 20 No. 12 (2019) Vol. 20 No. 11 (2019) Vol. 20 No. 10 (2019) Vol. 20 No. 9 (2019) Vol. 20 No. 8 (2019) Vol. 20 No. 7 (2019) Vol. 20 No. 6 (2019) Vol. 20 No. 5 (2019) Vol. 20 No. 4 (2019) Vol. 20 No. 3 (2019) Vol. 20 No. 2 (2019) Vol. 20 No. 1 (2019) Vol. 19 No. 6 (2018) Vol. 19 No. 5 (2018) Vol. 19 No. 4 (2018) Vol. 19 No. 3 (2018) Vol. 19 No. 2 (2018) Vol. 19 No. 1 (2018) Vol. 18 No. 4 (2017) Vol. 18 No. 3 (2017) Vol. 18 No. 2 (2017) Vol. 18 No. 1 (2017) Vol. 17 No. 2 (2016) Vol. 17 No. 1 (2016) Vol. 16 No. 2 (2015) Vol. 16 No. 1 (2015) Vol. 15 No. 2 (2014) Vol. 15 No. 1 (2014) Vol. 14 No. 2 (2013) Vol. 14 No. 1 (2013) Vol. 13 No. 4 (2012) Vol. 13 No. 3 (2012) Vol. 13 No. 2 (2012) Vol. 13 No. 1 (2012) Vol. 12 No. 4 (2011) Vol. 12 No. 3 (2011) Vol. 12 No. 2 (2011) Vol. 12 No. 1 (2011) Vol. 11 No. 4 (2010) Vol. 11 No. 3 (2010) Vol. 11 No. 2 (2010) Vol. 11 No. 1 (2010) Vol. 10 No. 4 (2009) Vol. 10 No. 3 (2009) Vol. 10 No. 2 (2009) Vol. 10 No. 1 (2009) Vol. 9 No. 4 (2008) Vol. 9 No. 3 (2008) Vol. 9 No. 2 (2008) Vol. 9 No. 1 (2008) Vol. 8 No. 4 (2007) Vol. 8 No. 3 (2007) Vol. 8 No. 2 (2007) Vol. 8 No. 1 (2007) Vol. 7 No. 4 (2006) Vol. 7 No. 3 (2006) Vol. 7 No. 2 (2006) Vol. 7 No. 1 (2006) Vol. 6 No. 4 (2005) Vol. 6 No. 3 (2005) Vol. 6 No. 2 (2005) Vol. 6 No. 1 (2005) Vol. 5 No. 2 (2004) Vol. 5 No. 1 (2004) Vol. 4 No. 2 (2003) Vol. 4 No. 1 (2003) Vol. 3 No. 2 (2002) Vol. 3 No. 1 (2002) Vol. 2 No. 2 (2001) Vol. 2 No. 1 (2001) Vol. 1 No. 2 (2000) Vol. 1 No. 1 (2000) More Issue