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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,315 Documents
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Antagonist and plant growth promoting potential of indigenous bacteria isolated from oil palm empty fruit bunches DERMIYATI DERMIYATI; RADIX SUHARJO; MARELI TELAUMBANUA; RULLY YOSITA; ANGGI WINANDA SARI; ANIS PUJI ANDAYANI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240253

Abstract

Abstract. Dermiyati, Suharjo R, Telaumbanua M, Yosita R, Sari AW, Andayani AP. 2023. Antagonist and plant growth promoting potential of indigenous bacteria isolated from oil palm empty fruit bunches. Biodiversitas 24: 1136-1142. The present study aimed to identify of bacteria isolated from the suspension extract of oil palm empty fruit bunches (EFB) and evaluate their potential against Ganoderma boninense fungus and plant growth promoter. Bacterial isolates from the previous studies were tested for their ability through antagonistic tests. A plant growth promoter test was carried out on the selected isolates with the inhibition percentage criteria > 50%, a clear zone index > 3 in the phosphate solvent test and a clear zone index > 2 in the chitin-reducing test. The identification of bacterial isolates was carried out molecularly using a Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) analysis. A total of 220 bacterial isolates were tested, consisting of 84 isolates under aerobic, 68 isolates under anaerobic, and 68 isolates under facultative anaerobic conditions. It was found that the bacteria to antagonize 156 bacterial isolates (70.90%), dissolve phosphate 118 bacterial isolates (53.64%), and none of the bacterial isolates could reduce chitin. A significant increase occurred in root length, root wet weight and root dry weight so that bacterial isolates with isolate codes ASPB1, ANSP14, and SSPB2 had the potential to promote plant growth. These three isolates were identified into the genus Bacillus, namely species of B. velezensis (in aerobic condition), B. paramycoides (in anaerobic condition), and B. tequilensis (in facultative anaerobic condition).
Population survey and red list assessment of Kandelia candel (L.) Druce, a critically endangered mangrove species in the Philippines PASTOR L. MALABRIGO JR.; GERALD T. EDUARTE; DAMASA M. MACANDOG; LERMA SJ. MALDIA; NELSON M. PAMPOLINA; RACHEL C. SOTTO; INOCENCIO E. BUOT JR.
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240238

Abstract

Abstract. Malabrigo PL Jr., Eduarte GT, Macandog DM, Maldia LSJ, Pampolina NM, Sotto RC, Buot IE Jr.. 2023. Population survey and red list assessment of Kandelia candel (L.) Druce, a critically endangered mangrove species in the Philippines. Biodiversitas 24: 982-989. Mangroves (particularly the members of the Rhizophoraceae) are viviparous species that produce propagules capable of long-distance dispersal. Hence, endemism in mangroves is not common, as countries share species through currents and wave actions. In the Philippines, it is extremely surprising that Kandelia candel, despite viviparous, is restricted in Baler, Aurora. Furthermore, to determine the real conservation status of the species, we conducted a 100% inventory of all mature individuals in known populations of K. candel in Aurora. Our survey has revealed the natural stands of K. candel have been restricted along the riverbanks of the Zabali and Castillo rivers in Baler, Aurora. The rivers are connected and should be treated as a single population. A total of 1,114 matured individuals have been observed in the two sub-populations. The conservation status of K. candel has been assessed following the categories and criteria set by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). Landsat analysis has been conducted to determine the population reduction of the species between 2010 and 2020. The extent of occurrence (EOO) and area of occupancy (AOO) of K. candel have been estimated based on the recorded populations and geo-tagged sampling points during the inventory. The present study result has revealed the least concern status of K. candel for 'Criterion A'; Critically Endangered status for 'Criterion B1 and B2'; and Near Threatened status for 'Criterion C and D'. Accordingly, the overall conservation status of K. candel in the Philippines is assessed here as Critically Endangered (CR B1ab(iii) + B2 ab(iii)).
The effects of flowering trap crops on diversity and longevity of pollinator insect visitation on chili plants Tien Aminatun; Budiwati Budiwati; Yunita Fera Rahmawati; Devita Nurika Ari Widiyanti; Lufi Athifah Fahdah
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240226

Abstract

Abstract. Aminatun T, Budiwati, Rahmawati YF, Widiyanti DN, Fahdah LA. 2023. The effects of flowering trap crops on diversity and longevity of pollinator insect visitation on chili plants. Biodiversitas 24: 887-893. Red chili (Capsicum annuum) is a significant agricultural commodity with flowerage and fruit quality affected by pollinator insect visitation. However, research on the effect of flowering trap crops on the diversity and visitation of pollinator insects in chili has never been investigated. Therefore, the study aimed to analyze the effect of flowering trap crops on the visitation of pollinator insects on chili plants. The research was conducted at the experimental garden of the Faculty of Agriculture, Gadjah Mada University in Banguntapan, Bantul. The independent variable was the trap crops: marigold (with repellent odor) and sunflower (without repellent odor). Each treatment consisted of 5 replicate plots, with an area of 4 m2 per plot and random plot placement. The observations of pollinator insects were carried out for seven days during the blossoming period, including diversity, number of insect visits, and longevity. Different tests were carried out using ANOVA to determine whether there were differences between the treatments. The results showed that the trap crop treatment of marigolds had a higher diversity index and evenness index of pollinator insects visiting chili plants than the other treatments. The longevity of pollinator insects on control chili plants showed a higher result than chili plants treated with flowering trap crops, although it was not statistically significant. Meanwhile, the use of trap crops (marigold, Tagetes erecta) significantly resulted in the best chili products. This means that trap cropping with marigolds which, based on the results of previous studies, was effective in controlling insect pest populations, does not inhibit the visit of pollinator insects on chili flowers. In the future, marigold has the potential to become an effective trap crop to increase the productivity of chili plants.
Consortia of endophytic bacteria for controlling Colletotrichum gloeosporiodes causing anthracnose disease in chili plant NURBAILIS NURBAILIS; YULMIRA YANTI; ZURAI RESTI; AKMAL DJAMAAN; SILVA DIKA RAHAYU
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 6 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240648

Abstract

Abstract. Nurbailis, Yanti Y, Resti Z, Djamaan A, Rahayu SD. 2023. Consortia of endophytic bacteria for controlling Colletotrichum gloeosporiodes causing anthracnose disease in chili plant. Biodiversitas 24: 3503-3511. Anthracnose disease caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides is the main disease in chili plants, which reduces yields by up to 90%. Using a consortium of endophytic bacteria is an alternative way to control the disease at a low cost and is environmentally friendly. The aim of the study was to obtain the best consortium of endophytic bacteria to control anthracnose caused by C. gloeosporioides and improve the growth and yield of chili plants. This research was arranged in an experimental method consisting of two stages, namely (i) compatibility test between endophytic bacterial consisting of 28 species, and (ii) test of the endophytic bacterial consortium ability to control anthracnose in chili using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 14 treatments and provided with 3 replications. All treatments of endophytic bacterial consortium showed the potential to suppress anthracnose disease caused by C. gloeosporioides and improve the growth and yield of chili plants. The best bacterial consortium treatment in suppressing the development of anthracnose disease by C. gloeosporioides and increasing the growth and yield of chili plants was the consortium B. cereus SNE 2.2 + B. cereus TLE 1.1 with dis-ease severity of 0.00%, plant height of 58.33 cm and fruit weight of 208.97 g.
A comparison between the ectomycorrhizal fungal communities associated with the natural and plantation populations of Dipterocarpus alatus THARNRAT KAEWGRAJANG; MASAHIDE YAMATO; THARIKA POLAMART; UTHAIWAN SANGWANIT
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 4 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240419

Abstract

Abstract. Kaewgrajang T, Yamato M, Polamart T, Sangwanit U. 2023. A comparison between the ectomycorrhizal fungal communities associated with the natural and plantation populations of Dipterocarpus alatus. Biodiversitas 24: 2088-2098. Dipterocarpus alatus Roxb. is a native tree species of Southeast Asian countries and one of the most economically important dipterocarp species. We investigated the ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi associated with D. alatus using molecular identifications on putative fruiting bodies and ECM roots collected from three natural forests and 10 D. alatus plantations. In this investigation, we aimed to report the ECM fungal communities of D. alatus in natural forests and plantations. Combining the results of fruiting bodies and ECM roots, 82 taxa belonging to 12 families were identified as ECM fungi. The ECM fungal community comprised many rare species and a few frequently found species. The Sebacina genus was found the most frequently in natural forests and plantations. The ECM fungal diversity was higher in plantations compared to natural forests. However, the frequently occurring ECM fungal taxa were not different between the natural forests and plantations. The result suggests that ECM fungal communities could be maintained in D. alatus plantations even if a reduction occurs in the natural population of dipterocarp forest.
The cooperation of microorganisms, bacteria, mold, yeast, and Actinomycetes consortium on decomposition of household organic waste in lowering C/N ratio LILIS PRIHASTINI; ARI HANDONO RAMELAN; PRABANG SETYONO; PRANOTO PRANOTO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 9 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240928

Abstract

Abstract. Prihastini L, Ramelan AH, Setyono P, Pranoto. 2023. The cooperation of microorganisms, bacteria, mold, yeast, and Actinomycetes consortium on decomposition of household organic waste in lowering C/N ratio. Biodiversitas 24: 4862-4869. This study aimed to investigate the effective management of household waste that can lead to environmental pollution when not appropriately managed. Composting has emerged as a promising, cost-effective, and sustainable solution to address the issue of organic waste management. Furthermore, this study identified the best bioinoculants with the ability to lower the C/N ratio on the decomposition of household organic waste. It was performed with Factorial Completely Randomized Design A×B, where the A factor was bioinoculant formulas (16 formulas) and the B was the decomposition period (0, 1, 2, 3, and 4 weeks). The decomposition process was conducted at the 0, 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th weeks with the C/N ratio examination. The collected data were subjected to ANOVA testing and further analyzed using the Duncan test. The results showed the lowest C/N ratio with the addition of bioinoculant code A14 (14.87) and the highest C/N reduction percentage with the addition of bioinoculant code A14 (82.7%). The best bioinoculant was treatment with A14, namely the combination of the mold consortium, yeast, and Actinomycetes. However, treatment with the addition of A14 code bioinoculant was no different from A13 code since both have the same lowercase code (i). The A13 code treatment was not significantly different from A8 since both had the same lowercase code (h).
Sex-linked Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) identification and molecular marker development of salacca (Salacca zalacca (Gaertn.) Voss) RIRY PRIHATINI; DINY DINARTI; AGUS SUTANTO; SUDARSONO SUDARSONO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240207

Abstract

Abstract. Prihatini R, Dinarti D, Sutanto A, Sudarsono. 2023. Sex-linked Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) identification and molecular marker development of salacca (Salacca zalacca (Gaertn.) Voss). Biodiversitas 24: 704-712. Salacca zalacca (Gaertn.) Voss is a native tropical fruit species of Indonesia with three different sex types, i.e., female, male, and hermaphrodite. Early sex identification plays a vital role in the dioecious plant development, cultivation, and breeding program. The morphological and histological markers cannot differentiate salacca sex types during vegetative stages, during which molecular approaches are offered. Isolation of salacca's partial Transducin Beta Like-3 (TBL3) gene was done using Phoenix dactylifera L. TBL3-specific primers. After DNA sequencing and multiple sequence alignment, the putative TBL3 aligned data was used to construct a phylogenetic tree, find SNAP primers, and use the generated markers as predictors for sex-type phenotypes of salacca. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the dendrogram of aligned TBL3 partial sequences of salacca and other taxa showed that the salacca TBL3 is closely related to P. dactylifera and Elaeis guineensis Jacq. since the three palms belong to the same Arecaceae family. The partial sequence of the TBL3 gene of hermaphrodite salacca revealed ten single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) compared to those of female and male plants. Protein alignment of the sequence also showed several differences, which may lead to different flower morphogenesis. The salacca SNAP sex-types markers were developed from one of the SNP sites and validated using samples from farmer plantations. The SNAP primer pairs of STBL1F-Ref - STBL1-Rev amplified a 300 bp fragment from hermaphrodite samples, whereas no band was amplified from the female and male samples. On the contrary, primers STBL1F-Alt - STBL1-Rev amplified a 300 bp fragment from female and male plants but not from the hermaphrodite plants. The salacca's TBL3 sequences and the SNAP markers are valuable tools for further salacca genomic exploration.
Morphological characteristic of dengue vectors Aedes aegypti and Ae. albopictus (Family: Culicidae) using advanced light and scanning electron microscope SUPRIYONO SUPRIYONO; SUSI SOVIANA; MUHAMMAD FALIKHUL MUSYAFFA; DIMAS NOVIANTO; UPIK KESUMAWATI HADI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240227

Abstract

Abstract. Supriyono, Soviana S, Musyaffa MF, Novianto D, Hadi UK. 2023. Morphological characteristic of dengue vectors Aedes aegypti and Ae. albopictus (Family: Culicidae) using advanced light and scanning electron microscope. Biodiversitas 24: 894-900. Dengue infection is still a major public health problem in Indonesia, with Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus as vectors. This study aims to determine the description characteristics of these mosquitoes using an advanced light microscope and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The adult mosquitoes of Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus were collected from Darmaga, Bogor, in 2021. Ae. aegypti has a brown to dark body color with sub median white line like a lyre-shaped on the mesonotum, dark proboscis, a white knee spot on the femora, mid femur with a longitudinal white stripe, and mesepimeron with two well-separated white scale patches. Ae. albopictus has dark body color, dark proboscis, white strip on the middle of mesonotum, and not separated white scale patches on the mesepimeron and mid femur without a longitudinal white stripe. SEM showed the characteristic microstructure of Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus did not have a significant difference. Several sensory organs, namely funiculus, microtrichia, and trichoidea, are distributed on the proboscis, palps, and antennae. Microtrichia is spread almost all over the body, especially the palps, proboscis, thorax, and abdomen. This research is important for basic information to develop effective and efficient mosquito vector control strategies.
Morphological characters, phenolic and flavonoid contents of Vitex trifolia accessions from Lamongan District, Indonesia AFIFATUN NISA; ANI KURNIAWATI; DIDAH NUR FARIDAH
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 3 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240336

Abstract

Abstract. Nisa A, Kurniawati A, Faridah DN. 2023. Morphological characters, phenolic and flavonoid contents of Vitex trifolia accessions from LamonganDistrict, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 1635-1641. Indonesia is a country with high biodiversity. Legundi (Vitex trifolia L.) is one of the plant species that has long been used as a raw material for traditional herbal medicine. This study aims to determine the morphological, agronomic, leaf production, and total phenolic and total flavonoid content of the V. trifolia accession from Lamongan District, East Java, Indonesia. Morphological and agronomic characterizations were observed using qualitative and quantitative parameters. The colorimetric method determined the total phenolic and flavonoid content in V. trifolia extract. The results showed differences in morphological and agronomic characters between accessions. The Bluluk accession had the highest leaf production that did not differ from the Pucuk, Sekaran, and Kedumpring accessions, while the Modo accession had the lowest. There was no difference in total phenol and flavonoid content between accessions. Leaves had the highest total phenolic content (3210.57 GAE mg/100 g dry powder), followed by twigs (1331.98 GAE mg/100 g dry powder) and fruit (973.77 GAE mg/100 g dry powder). Leave also contained the highest flavonoid content (1792.90 QE mg/100 g dry powder).The highest phenolic and flavonoid content in the leaves of V. trifoliamay support its use in traditional medicine.  
Quantitative ethnobotany of medicinal plants used by the Bodo Community of Baksa District, BTR, Assam, India MIJING BORO; BARNALI DAS; KRISHNA KUMAR BORO; MADHUSHMITA NATH; PRIYAKSHI BURAGOHAIN; SHILPA ROY; PARAG JYOTI SARMA; SUSHMITA KALITA; NAMITA NATH
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 6 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240610

Abstract

Abstract. Boro M, Das B, Boro KK, Nath M, Buragohain P, Roy S, Sarma PJ, Kalita S, Nath M. 2023. Quantitative ethnobotany of medicinal plants used by the Bodo Community of Baksa District, Assam, India. Biodiversitas 24: 3169-3182. Plants are the core part of religious and cultural aspects of various ethnic communities of the world. Assam is a homeland of diverse ethnic tribes of Indo-Mongolian origin. The Bodo Community is one of the oldest communities and they are rich in their traditional healthcare knowledge system. The current study aimed to record the data on medicinal plants used by the Bodo Community in Baksa District, Assam, India. Statistical analysis was done by following established formula to find Use Value (UV), Relative Frequency of Citation (RFC), Informant Agreement Ration (IAR) and Informant Consensus (Fic). A total of 129 medicinal plant species were recorded, used in 18 different ailment categories by the Bodo people. Kalanchoe pinnata (Lam.) Pers. was the most used plant by the informants (use value 0.69) and also had the highest RFC (0.60). In present survey, the IAR range was from 0-1. The highest Fic value was recorded in the ailment category of Renal and hepatic disorder. The present work provides rich data, as this work, besides documenting the medicinal plants used by the community, also gives proper scientific evaluation of the ethnobotanical data. The work will be helpful for future researchers, academicians and stakeholders to carry out research work in this diverse scientific field of ethnobotany. From the conservation point of view, there is an urgent need to involve local people for the conservation of medicinal plants for the future.

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