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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,315 Documents
 415   416   417   418   419 
Detection of the presence and distribution of invasive fish in the Progo River, Yogyakarta, Indonesia using the environmental DNA method Kurnia Anggraini Rahmi; Ratih Ida Adharini; Dini Wahyu Kartika Sari; Tony Budi Satriyo
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 1 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240133

Abstract

Abstract. Rahmi KA, Adharini RI, Sari DWK, Satriyo TB. 2023. Detection of the presence and distribution of invasive fish in the Progo River, Yogyakarta, Indonesia using the environmental DNA method. Biodiversitas 24: 276-281. Invasive species are alien species that enter the ecosystem and can adapt to the ecosystem quickly. So, the presence of invasive fish can threaten endemic diversity in these ecosystems. This study aims to detect the presence and distribution of invasive fish in the Progo River, Yogyakarta, Indonesia, through the environmental DNA (eDNA) method. Water samples were taken at three observation points in the upstream area of the river (site 1), the middle of the river (site 2), and downstream of the river (site 3). The water samples were filtered using 0.45 µm MF-Milipore installed on the filtration pump and extracted using the ZymoBIOMICS DNA Miniprep Kit. Sequencing used nanopore sequencing. The primers used were FishF2 and FishR2. The sequencing results were analyzed using the mBRAVE software, which was then classified as an invasive species based on government regulations and journals. The results showed that 188 OTUs were detected in the upstream area (site 1), 227 OTUs in the middle area (site 2) and 154 OTUs downstream. Lagocephalus and Sciaenops were found in the upstream area (site 1). In the middle area of the river (site 2), Gambusia and Lepomis were found, while in the lower reaches of the river (site 3), Gambusia and Sciaenops were found. With the detection of these invasive species, appropriate management and conservation efforts must be carried out immediately to protect endemic species in the Progo River.
Bioassay and molecular detection of insecticides resistance of Aedes aegypti, vector of dengue in Central Java Province, Indonesia SAYONO SAYONO; ULFA NURULLITA; WAHYU HANDOYO; WINDA SEPTY TYASNINGRUM; IRFANUL CHAKIM; ANTO BUDIHARJO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 1 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240136

Abstract

Abstract. Sayono, Nurullita U, Handoyo W, Tyasningrum WS, Chakim I, Budiharjo A. 2023. Bioassay and molecular detectionsof insecticides resistance of Aedes aegypti, vector of dengue in Central Java Province, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 300-307. The emergence of insecticide-resistant strains among Aedes aegyptipopulations hampered Dengue control programs in the endemic areas. Moreover, to understand the current situation and distribution of insecticide resistance status of Ae. aegypti to cypermethrin, malathion, and temephos compounds, we conducted morphological and molecular detection in the Dengue endemic areas in Central Java Province, Indonesia. Mosquito larvae were obtained from thirteen villages of five Dengue endemic areas representing different altitudes. Larval and adult stage of Ae. aegypti colony from each village was subjected to a bioassay test based on the WHO procedures. Subsequently, they were sampled and subjected to molecular analysis to identify the 1016G kdr allele using the allele-specific polymerase chain reaction (AS-PCR). Mortality of Ae. aegypti after exposure to cypermethrin, malathion, and temephos ranged from 16-86%, 75-100%, and 6-51%, respectively. These findings showed that Ae. aegypti populations were resistant to cypermethrin and temephos, although malathion-susceptible strains were found among 23.08% of the different altitudinal localities. The result of the AS-PCR indicated that the homozygous (G/G) and heterozygous (V/G) alleles of codon 1016 of the AaNav gene were found throughout the study site altitudes. The development of multiple resistance strains was found among Ae. aegypti populations in Central Java Province, Indonesia. The use ofcypermethrin and temephos compounds must be delayed for at least five years, while malathion can still be used selectively to control the Ae. aegypti population in several areas, namely Karangjati, Gebugan (Semarang District), and Rowosari in Semarang City.
Multiplex PCR detection of mackerel-based food adulteration with pleco and chicken in selected areas around Ciliwung River, Indonesia RINI WIDAYANTI; HERJUNO ARI NUGROHO; DOROTHEA VERA MEGARANI; DYAH AYU WIDIASIH; SUHENDRA PAKPAHAN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 3 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240325

Abstract

Abstract. Widiyanti R, Nugroho HA, Megarani DV, Widiasih DA, Pakpahan S. 2023. Multiplex PCR detection of mackerel-based food adulteration with pleco and chicken in selected areas around Ciliwung River, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 1538-1543. Detecting fish product adulteration is crucial to ensure food safety since pleco meat was already reported to carry several heavy metals that might harm human health. Pleco is invasive species in the Ciliwung River and is commonly used as adulteration material for fish-based products. Adulteration in mackerel-based food products may alter the nutritional value and carry heavy metal contamination from the bottom-feeder fish's meat (pleco). Therefore, using the DNA barcoding technique, a molecular approach has been used to authenticate mackerel fish products (including dumplings and otak-otak). This study aimed to develop a specific multiplex PCR method for simultaneously detecting processed products from mackerel and pleco. The sample consists of 21 processed food items initially made from mackerel. The samples were taken in the selected area around the Ciliwung River. All the samples can be amplified successfully, and amplification lengths were 108, 171, and 300 bp, respectively. Analysis from various claimed mackerel products showed that five samples were positive for pleco adulteration, and 11 products contained chicken meat addition. The phylogenetic tree was constructed from selected sequences from our samples and showed that the amplicons were clustered in three clades, mackerel (Scomberomorus), pleco (Pterygoplichthys), and chicken (Gallus gallusLinnaeus, 1758). The findings of this study revealed that 23.80% (5/21) products contained pleco, and 52.38% (11/21) contained chicken meat addition. The addition of an unusual component to food composition may alter nutritional value as well as may affect food hygiene and safety.
Short Communication: Morphological and molecular description of Contracaecum sp. larvae (Nematoda: Anisakidae) in common rudd fish of the Shurkul Reservoir of Uzbekistan BAKHROM B. SOATOV; ABDURAKHIM E. KUCHBOEV; ROKHATOY R. KARIMOVA; OYBEK O. AMIROV
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 4 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240412

Abstract

Abstract. Soatov BB, Kuchboev AE, Karimova RR, Amirov OO. 2023. Short Communication: Morphological and molecular description of Contracaecum sp. larvae (Nematoda: Anisakidae) in common rudd fish of the Shurkul reservoir of Uzbekistan. Biodiversitas 24: 2031-2036. The common rudd (Scardinius erythrophthalmus Linnaeus 1758) is freshwater fish widely spread in Uzbekistan, including reservoirs of the Bukhara Province, Uzbekistan. The study aimed to perform the morphological and molecular identification of the larvae of nematode Contracaecum sp. found in common rudd fish in the Shurkul Reservoir of the Bukhara Province. These larvae were similar to species of the genus Contracaecum based on their morphological characteristics. The molecular data, according to the results of the phylogenetic tree based on nucleotide sequences of the 18S gene of rDNA, the samples of larvae showed a close relationship with haplotype Contracaecum rudolphii Hartwich, 1964 E. Therefore, to increase the reliability of this information, nucleotide sequences of the gene 28S of rDNA were verified. As a result of this study, these larvae were very close to the haplotype of C. rudolphii B (AF 226579). Also, the common rudd fish was registered as an intermediate host for the larvae of this nematode. The prevalence of this fish with larvae of C. rudolphii B was 10.5%, and the intensity of infection was 1-18 copies. Thus, the larvae of the species C. rudolphii B are registered for the first time in Uzbekistan, and the common rudd fish was noted as an intermediate host.
The potential of beneficial microbes to suppress the development of bacterial leaf blight in rice plants caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae HALIATUR RAHMA; MARTINIUS MARTINIUS; UJANG KHAIRUL; FADHILA RAHMI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 8 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240801

Abstract

Abstract. Rahma H, Martinius, Khairul U, Rahmi F. 2023. The potential of beneficial microbes to suppress the development of bacterial leaf blight in rice plants caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae. Biodiversitas 24: 4209-4217. Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) is caused bacterial leaf blight in rice plants. One technique for controlling the bacterial leaf blight that currently being developed is using beneficial microbes. The purpose of this study was to isolate and identified beneficial microbes that can suppress bacterial leaf blight development in rice plants. In the present study fifteen isolates of beneficial microbes were investigated for their potential as an antagonist against Xoo, the causal agent of bacterial leaf blight of rice plants. Four isolates, namely Act-SK2, Act-Mn2, Act-Hr21, and Act-Pha4, showed the ability to reduce the area under progress curve (AUDPC) values by 51.33, 51.00, 84.00, and 82.33, respectively. The effectiveness of AUDPC suppression ranged between 80%-88%. Two out of four isolates showed potential in reducing the severity of BLB disease by 3.65% (Act-Sk2) and 3.88% (Act-Mn2) as compared to control. The effectiveness of both isolates in reducing disease severity was 86.34% (Act-Sk2) and 85.48% (Act-Mn2). Furthermore, identification based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that three isolates, namely Act-Sk2, Act-Hr21, and Act-Pha4, belong to Actinobacteria. Each isolate showed 99.68% similarities with Streptomyces sp. strain KS02 (Acc. No. AB373961, 99.84% with Streptomyces sp. strains Al-Dhabi-119 (Acc. No.MK675528), and 99.64% with Streptomyces griseus strain K 2 (Acc. No. MK811436). Isolate Act-Mn2 showed 100% similarity with Penicillium janthinellum strain CMV006C1 (Acc. No. MK450697). The results of this study indicate that the four microorganisms tested have potential to be developed as biological agents.
Evaluation of nutritional values of tree-forage legume leaves from Gunungkidul District, Indonesia I NYOMAN GUNA DARMA; ANURAGA JAYANEGARA; AHMAD SOFYAN; ERIKA BUDIARTILACONI; MUHAMMAD RIDLA; HENDRA HERDIAN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 5 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240527

Abstract

Abstract. Darma ING, Jayanegara A, Sofyan A, Budiartilaconi E, Ridla M, Herdian H. 2023. Evaluation of nutritional values of tree-forage legume leaves from Gunungkidul District, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 2733-2744. This study aimed to assess the nutritional value of tree legume leaves found in Gunungkidul District. A completely randomized design with 19 treatments (legume species) and six replications (nylon bags) was employed. The study evaluated the chemical composition, in sacco dry and organic matter degradation characteristics, and their correlation with the chemical composition. The results indicated variations in the crude protein (CP) content (12.44% to 26.9%), crude fiber (CF) content (16.13% to 27.38%), total digestible nutrients (TDN) (71.10% to 88.17%), and total phenol content (2.47% to 21.87%) on a dry matter basis. Among the legume species, Indigofera tinctoria L. exhibited the highest soluble fraction (a) values for dry matter (42.89±1.15%) and organic matter (40.32±1.37%). Additionally, I. tinctoria displayed the highest potential degraded fraction values (a+b) for dry matter (88.33±0.90%) and organic matter (88.12±0.95%). The effective degradation of dry matter (EDDM) and organic matter (EDOM) were 64.57±0.48% and 63.78±0.68%, respectively. The correlation coefficients (r) between ash, CP, TDN, CF, total phenol, and EDDM and EDOM values were 0.54, 0.58, 0.53, -0.73, -0.53, and 0.52, 0.55, 0.52, -0.72, -0.56 respectively. In conclusion, tree-forage legume leaves from Gunungkidul District exhibited varying nutritional values, with I. tinctoria showing the highest values for effective dry and organic matter degradation compared to other tree legumes. The ash content, CP, and TDN demonstrated positive correlations with the EDDM and EDOM values, whereas the CF content and total phenol exhibited negative correlations with the EDDM and EDOM values of tree legume leaves.
Detection of multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated from dairies milk in Medowo Village of Kediri District, Indonesia GIOVANNI DWI SYAHNI PUTRA; ASWIN RAFIF KHAIRULLAH; MUSTOFA HELMI EFFENDI; MOCHAMAD LAZUARDI; SHENDY CANADYA KURNIAWAN; DANIAH ASHRI AFNANI; OTTO SAHAT MARTUA SILAEN; YUSAC KRISTANTO KHODA WARUWU; SAUMI KIREY MILLANNIA; AGUS WIDODO; SAFIRA RAMADHANI; MUHAMMAD THORIQ IHZA FARIZQI; KATTY HENDRIANA PRISCILIA RIWU
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 1 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240149

Abstract

Abstract. Putra GDS, Khairullah AR, Effendi MH, Lazuardi M, Kurniawan SC, Afnani DA, Silaen OSM, Waruwu YKK, Millannia SK, Widodo A, Ramadhani S, Farizqi MTI, Riwu KHP. 2023. Detection of multidrug-resistant (MDR) Staphylococcus aureus isolated from dairies milk in Medowo Village of Kediri District, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 423-430. Bacterial resistance has emerged as a major concern in dairy farms in Indonesia due to the pervasive usage of antibiotics. Furthermore, no specific research has been done to explain the prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus in isolated milk from dairy cows in Kediri, particularly in Medowo Village, and their antibiotic resistance. Moreover, to control the emergence of diseases in humans brought on by dairy cow's milk or infections transmitted through milk, additional research on the prevalence and resistance of bacteria in dairy farms in the Kediri district is urgently required. In Medowo, the Village Kandangan of District, Kediri Regency, Indonesia, 100 dairy cow's milk samples were taken from farms in numerous hamlets. The Kirby-Bauer method performed an antibiotic sensitivity test using disk diffusion. The sensitivity test was attached with antibiotic discs on tetracycline, penicillin, gentamicin, erythromycin, and cefoxitin. According to sample evaluation results, S. aureus was detected in 94 (94%) of the 100 isolated milk samples based on morphological culture features, Gram staining, and biochemical assays. According to the profile of antibiotic resistance derived from the findings of the S. aureus antibiotic resistance test, 23 isolates (24.47%) were proven to be multidrug-resistant (MDR) because they were resistant to three to four classes of antibiotics. The use of antibiotics typically rises in response to an increase in the prevalence of disease in cattle, which could lead to higher levels of antibiotic residue in milk and possibly higher levels of bacterial resistance to antibiotics. Therefore, dairy farming requires methods for prudently and correctly employing antibiotics.
Genetic diversity and phylogenetic study of Ongole Grade cattle population in Central Java based on blood protein polymorphism Dela Ayu Lestari; Sutopo Sutopo; Asep Setiaji; Edy Kurnianto
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 1 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240170

Abstract

Abstract. Lestari DA, Sutopo, Setiaji A, Kurnianto E. 2023. Genetic diversity and phylogenetic study of Ongole Grade cattle population in Central Java based on blood protein polymorphism. Biodiversitas 24: 617-624. This research provides useful information to reflect the genetic structure and to determine appropriate breeding strategies for the Ongole Grade cattle population in Central Java. The objectives of this research were to investigate the genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationship of the Ongole Grade cattle (Bos indicus) population in Central Java based on blood protein polymorphism. A total of 208 blood samples were collected, which belonged to 6 populations of Ongole Grade cattle in Central Java, namely Rembang, Blora, Kebumen, Semarang, Magelang, and Kudus regency. Blood protein analysis was conducted by Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate-Polyacrilamide Gel Electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) methods to separate blood protein based on molecule weight. Results showed 4 blood protein locus were clearly identified, namely Albumin (Alb), Post Albumin (Pa), Ceruloplasmin (Cp), and Amylase-I (Amy-I), which formed 9 identified alleles and 15 genotypes. All populations had different allele and gene frequency distribution for each locus, which dominated by allele AlbB (0.525), PaB (0.556), CpF (0.608), and Amy-IB (0.639) and by genotype BB (0.312) for Alb loci, BB (0.429) for Pa loci, FS (0.423) for Cp loci and BB (0.472) for Amy-I. Ongole Grade cattle population in this study showed deviation in Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium (HWE) (P<0.05) for Blora, Kebumen, Semarang, and Kudus, while the rest populations showed in HWE condition. Average heterozygosity and genetic distance of the Ongole Grade cattle population in the recent study were range 0.328-0.529 (for Magelang and Kebumen populations, respectively) and 0.0057-0.0955 (for the Rembang-Kebumen population and Magelang-Kebumen population), respectively. In conclusion, Ongole Grade cattle population in Central Java had high genetic diversity and was divided into two major clusters.
Genetic diversity and phylogenetic analysis of mayfly Caenis (Insecta: Ephemeroptera) using Cytochrome C Oxidase I (COI) and 12s rRNA genes from Thailand NARUMON PRAKRONGRAK; BOONSATIEN BOONSOONG; MONTHIRA MONTHATONG
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 4 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240407

Abstract

Abstract. Prakrongrak N, Boonsoong B, Monthatong M. 2023. Genetic diversity and phylogenetic analysis of mayfly Caenis (Insecta: Ephemeroptera) using Cytochrome C Oxidase I (COI) and 12s rRNA genes from Thailand. Biodiversitas 24: 1989-1997. Mayflies in genus Caenisis one of the top fifth species richnessbelonged to Family Caenidae. The present study aimed to use the partial mitochondrial Cytochrome COxidase subunit I (COI) and 12s rRNA nucleotide sequences for molecular species identification, diversity and phylogenetic relationships of mayflies in genus Caenis Stephens, 1835 species from Thailand. From a total of 37 specimens, thirteen nymphs were morphologically identified into five species: Caenis nasuta Malzacher, C. Picea Kimmins, C. ulmeriana Malzacher, C. cornigera Kang and Yang and C. longiforcipata Malzacher. The other 24 samples were Caenis sp.1 to sp.5. Partial COI sequences of all samples were compared with BOLD and GenBank for species identification. However, the result showed only genus-level identification as Caenis with greater than 80% similarity. For species delimitation, interspecific genetic distance among these species ranged from 14.4 to 26.6% (COI) and from 7.36 to 22.4% (12s rRNA). Intraspecific divergence levels were 0.0% to 2.35%. ABGD analysis of both genes divided data into 10 groups corresponding to 10 morphospecies of Caenis. The phylogenetic relationships of Caenis, COI and 12s rRNA genes also classified each species to well supported clusters. In addition, we report C. cornigera from Thailand for the first time. The COI and 12s rRNA phylogenetic trees indicate a close relationship between C. cornigera and C. longiforcipata, which is supported by their similar morphology.
NDVI, suitability, and carrying capacity of Dieng Plateau Forests to sustain Dieng Kulon Village tourism, Central Java, Indonesia FATMA LESTARI; INDRA NI TUA; ADONIS MUZANNI; DANESTA FEBIANTO NUGROHO; ANDRIO A. WIBOWO; TRI WARTONO; BAIDURI WIDANARKO; ASEP SAEPULLAH; ROBIANA MODJO; MIFTACHUL FARIDA; DADAN ERWANDI; DESSY DWI ARYANI; ABDUL KADIR; ANINDHITA IRSALINA WIDIATMOKO; HENDRA HENDRA; ZICO JUNI HERWANTO; MILA TEJAMAYA; RIZAL ALFIANSYAH HAMID; FATMAH FATMAH; EZSA LARASHATI GUNAWAN; DINA LUSIANA SETYOWATI; M. FAIZIR HAFIDS
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 1 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240134

Abstract

Abstract. Lestari F, Tua IN, Muzanni A, Nugroho DF, Wibowo AA, Wartono T, Widanarko B, Saepullah A, Modjo R, Farida M, Erwandi D, Aryani DD, Kadir A, Widiatmoko AI, Hendra, Herwanto ZJ, Tejamaya M, Hamid RA, Fatmah, Gunawan EL, Setyowati DL, Hafids MF. 2023. NDVI, suitability, and carrying capacity of Dieng Plateau Forests to sustain Dieng Kulon Village tourism. Biodiversitas 24: 282-289. Village tourism is a form of tourism that can support the conservation of an ecosystem. On the Dieng Plateau, Dieng Kulon is one of the tourism villages located in Banjarnegara district, Central Java, Indonesia. Despite the rapid growth of tourism in Dieng and its potential environmental consequences, information on tourism carrying capacity in Dieng is still limited. Here, this study aims to measure the suitability and carrying capacity of Dieng Kulon Village. The suitability for tourism is measured based on the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI). Equation was used to calculate the carrying capacity. According to the findings, forest areas with a size of 23.9% and high NDVI values ranging from 0.87 to 0.91 were deemed very suitable for birdwatching and hiking activities. Agricultural land made up nearly half of the village (57.1%) with high NDVI values (ranging from 0.36-0.86) was deemed ideal for sightseeing activities. In comparison to other types of land, agricultural land had the highest carrying capacity, followed by forest land. Agricultural land can support 84.8-155.2 people per day for sightseeing activities. Forest areas are suitable for hiking and birdwatching activities. At least 51.6 to 334.9 people per day are allowed for hiking activities. Birdwatching in the forest is limited to 3.1-19.9 people per day. To conclude, carrying capacity information is very important for managing village tourism in a sustainable manner.

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