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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,269 Documents
 432   433   434   435   436 
Mapping of seagrass ecosystem on Bontosua Island, Pangkep District, South Sulawesi, Indonesia DWI ROSALINA; KHAIRUL JAMIL; YASSER ARAFAT; REZKI AMALIA; ANI LEILANI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 4 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240411

Abstract

Abstract. Rosalina D, Jamil K, Arafat Y, Amalia R, Leilani A. 2023. Mapping of seagrass ecosystem on Bontosua Island, Pangkep District, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 2023-2030. Bontosua Island is one of the islands in South Sulawesi, Indonesia, that has a seagrass ecosystem. The purpose of this study was to assess the density, cover, area, and condition of seagrass on Bontosua Island. The data collection involved the use of a quadratic transect method in the field and the Lyzenga method for remote sensing. The identification of seagrass areas was made using Landsat 8 OLI/TIRS satellite. Six seagrass species were identified, namely Cymodocea rotundata, Thalassia hemprichii, Halodule uninervis, Halodule pinifolia, Syringodium isoetifolium and Halophila sp. The results showed that C. rotundata had the highest density value of 89 Ind/m² and was categorized as rather dense, while C. rotundata also had the highest percentage cover of 58%, and Halophila sp. had the lowest percentage cover of 2%. The distribution area of seagrass beds on Bontosua Island was approximately 28.26 ha, out of a total area of 92 ha, of which approximately 6 ha was land. Observations on the condition of seagrass beds showed that 16.65 ha was healthy, 6.3 ha was unhealthy, while 5.31 ha was poor.
Checklist of mangrove snails (Gastropoda: Mollusca) on the coast of Lamongan District, East Java, Indonesia Wahyu Isroni; Putri D.W. Sari; Luthfiana A. Sari; Kiki Daniel; Josie South; ‪R. Adharyan Islamy‬; Pandu Y.A.P. Wirabuana; ‪Veryl Hasan‬
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 3 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240341

Abstract

Abstract. Isroni W, Sari PDW, Sari LA, Daniel K, South J, Islamy RA, Wirabuana PYAP, Hasan V. 2023. Checklist of mangrove snails (Gastropoda: Mollusca) on the coast of Lamongan District, East Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 1676-1685. Mangroves are crucial transition zone ecosystems providing sheltered nursery zones and abundant marine and terrestrial biota resources. Mangrove snails (Gastropoda: Mollusca) are ecologically important ecosystem engineers, trophic links for higher predators, and a source of human food and livelihoods. Mangrove snails are also ideal bioindicators to monitor environmental pollution. A strong baseline understanding of current richness and distribution is therefore important. Thus, this study provides data on the species composition of mangrove snails on the north coast of Lamongan District, East Java, Indonesia. Sampling was conducted during low tide at four stations from September to November 2022 using square transects. Ten families consisted of Cerithiidae, Cypraeidae, Fasciolariidae, Muricidae, Naticadae, Neritidae, Plaxidae, Potamididae, Trochidae, and Turbinidae comprising 20 genera and 24 species. The most dominant family found is Muricidae, with six genera and eight species. Most mangrove snails were found in rocky, sandy substrates, around trees, and mangrove roots. Gastropods observed in this study were alive and dead (i.e., empty shells). We suspect that there is still much-hidden diversity of Gastropoda in this region. Therefore, we suggest that future work addresses differences in microhabitat and snail morphology with quantitative and semi-quantitative methods to understand distribution drivers and ecological roles better.
Bacteriocin-producing Pediococcus acidilactici BAMA 15 isolated from "naniura" traditional foods in North Sumatra, Indonesia SUBANG AINI NASUTION; EDY FACHRIAL; CHRISMIS NOVALINDA GINTING; LIENA LIENA; FINNA PISKA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 5 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240536

Abstract

Abstract. Nasution SA, Fachrial E, Ginting CN, Liena, Piska F. 2023. Bacteriocin-producing Pediococcus acidilactici BAMA 15 isolated from "naniura" traditional foods in North Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 2830-2835. Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) have beneficial properties for their hosts, potentially promoting health and balancing the normal gut flora. Meanwhile, bacteriocin is a bacteriostatic polypeptide used as a food preservative. LAB are generally produced from fermented products, such as dengke naniura, a typical Toba Batak food. Therefore, it is estimated that the LAB present in this food has the potential as a probiotic and produces bacteriocin, an antimicrobial polypeptide compound. The purpose of this study was to identify the LAB species found in dengke naniura and to characterize the bacteriocin generated by them. The first study stages included the isolation and biochemical and morphological characterization of LAB. Nine LAB isolates (BAMA 10-11, BAMA 15-20, and BAMA 25) were isolated from the samples. The best strain for use as a probiotic was Pediococcus acidilactici BAMA 15 because its antimicrobial activity against E. coli and S. aureus was 6.44 and 7.53 mm, respectively. The bacteriocin produced has a molecular weight estimated to be ?12 kDa.
Uncovering the ethnobotanical importance of community forests in Chai Nat Province, Central Thailand SUKANDA CHAIYONG; WITTAYA PONGAMORNKUL; PRATEEP PANYADEE; ANGKHANA INTA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 4 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240415

Abstract

Abstract. Chaiyong S, Pongamornkul W, Panyadee P, Inta A. 2023. Uncovering the ethnobotanical importance of community forests in Chai Nat Province, Central Thailand. Biodiversitas 24: 2052-2063. Ethnobotanical studies are crucial for understanding local communities' traditional knowledge and use of plants and conserving biodiversity. This is the first public ethnobotanical study in the Chai Nat Province. It is an essential contribution to the limited knowledge of the traditional use of plants in this region. Three key informants with high experience in traditional knowledge were selected through a small meeting in the village. Using a semi-structured interview method during the walk-to-the-wood method, we gathered data on 103 plant species belonging to 92 genera and 49 families. The majority of the plant species (57) were used for medicinal purposes, followed by food (38), materials (17), and other small categories. It is worth noting that some plant species were used in more than one category. Our study provides an in-depth understanding of local communities’ traditional knowledge and use of plants which is essential for managing and conserving these important resources. This study not only contributes to the field of ethnobotany but also highlights the importance of preserving traditional ecological knowledge for future generations.
Termite diversity and abundance based on altitude in Mount Ungaran, Central Java, Indonesia NIKEN SUBEKTI; RODERIKUS RAYDITYA MILANIO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 6 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240626

Abstract

Abstract. Subekti N, Milanio RR. 2023. Termite diversity and abundance based on altitude in Mount Ungaran, Central Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 3332-3337. Termites are social insects whose main diet is the cellulose and lignocellulose found in rotting wood and in some fungi. As the Mount Ungaran area in Central Java, Indonesia, has been converted to agriculture and other purposes, termite habitat has become increasingly narrow, with a reduction in the insects’ food sources. The purpose of this study was to analyze the species of termites found on Mount Ungaran and the factors that influence their lives. In addition, the differences in species according to slope (north, south, east, and west) and altitude were assessed. This research was conducted in three stages: termite collection, termite identification, and data analysis. The main species found in this study were Coptotermes curvignathus Holmgren, 1913, Odontotermes javanicus Holmgren, 1912, Macrotermes gilvus Hagen, 1858, Nasutitermes matangensis Haviland, 1898, and Bulbitermes constrictiformis Holmgren, 1914. Based on a Shannon-Wiener analysis, the west slope had the highest diversity index, which was primarily influenced by four environmental factors (soil pH, soil temperature, soil moisture, and rainfall). In the canonical relationship correspondence analysis, soil pH, light intensity, and canopy cover were the environmental factors that most affected the diversity and abundance of termites on Mount Ungaran. The conclusions that can be drawn from this study are that termite richness varied between slopes and the environmental factors that were the most associated with the variation were soil pH, light intensity, and canopy cover.
Phytochemical diversity and biological activities of Curcuma species from the East Coast of Peninsular Malaysia NUR QISTINA YURASBE; NURUL ATHIFAH DIN; KISHNETH PALANIVELOO; SASHIKALA MANIKAM; THILAHGAVANI NAGAPPAN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 8 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240805

Abstract

Abstract. Yurasbe NQ, Din NA, Palaniveloo K, Manikam S, Nagappan T. 2023. Phytochemical diversity and biological activities of Curcuma species from the East Coast of Peninsular Malaysia. Biodiversitas 24: 4243-4252. Zingiberaceae has been associated with traditional medicine for centuries. The genus Curcuma is traditionally famous and economically important for its therapeutic and nutritional values. Over 50 genera of 1600 species are recorded worldwide, with the highest concentration in the Malesian region, including Indonesia, Borneo, Thailand, Malaysia, Vietnam, Cambodia, Myanmar, and the Philippines. We investigated the methanolic crude extracts of Curcuma aeruginosa, Curcuma caesia, Curcuma longa, Curcuma xanthorrhiza, and Curcuma zedoaria from Terengganu for their phytochemicals, total phenolic content (TPC) using Folin-Ciocalteu colorimetric method, total flavonoid content (TFC) using aluminum chloride colorimetric method, antioxidant activity using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrezyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity and toxicity using brine shrimp lethality test (BSLT). Phytochemical screening revealed alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolics, saponins, tannins, triterpenoids, glycosides, lignins, and oils in all species investigated. Curcuma longa extract had the highest phenolic and flavonoid content with the value of 155.31±1.78 mg GAE/g and 151±8.35 mg quercetin/g, respectively as well as best antioxidative potential with IC50 value of 88.65±0.6 mg/mL, followed by C. zedoaria (98.61±5.23 mg/mL), C. aeruginosa (142.51±3.29 mg/mL), C. xanthorrhiza (150.01±0.63 mg/mL) and C. caesia (156.4±0.67 mg/mL). Curcuma caesia displays the lowest degree of toxicity compared to the other species, with the LC50 value of 11585 mg/mL) considered non-cytotoxic. Hence, the selected Curcuma species has potential therapeutic value to be developed into pharmaceutical due to its significant bioactive potentials and potent antioxidant capacity.
Tempeh flour as an excellent source of paraprobiotics WILFADRI PUTRA JONESTI; CAHYA PRIHATNA; GRISELDA HERMAN NATADIPUTRI; ANTONIUS SUWANTO; ANJA MERYANDINI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 3 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240357

Abstract

Abstract. Jonesti WP, Prihatna C, Natadiputri GH, Suwanto A, Meryandini A. 2023. Tempeh flour as an excellent source of paraprobiotics. Biodiversitas 24: 1817-1823. Tempeh, a functional fermented food from Indonesia, has many benefits for human health. The presence of oligosaccharides, live and dead microbes in tempeh can function as prebiotics, probiotics, or paraprobiotics. This study aimed to determine the composition of live and dead lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and Enterobacteriaceae in tempeh flour using microbiological and molecular quantifications. Two samples of tempeh flour based on the drying process, i.e., sun-dried and oven-dried, were analyzed. Bacteria were quantified using standard plate count and qPCR, while bacterial cells damaged by the drying process were quantified using Propidium Monoazide-Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (PMA-qPCR). Tempeh flours contained live bacteria as many as 4-5 log CFU/g and intact dead bacterial cells as many as 9 log CFU/g. The number of bacteria only differed slightly between the two drying processes. Based on qPCR analysis, the LAB number was higher than Enterobacteriaceae in tempeh flour. In addition, the bacterial population by qPCR was higher than by cultured analysis. These results indicated that sun-dried or oven-dried tempeh flour could be a functional food because it contained high amounts of live and dead bacteria as candidates for probiotics and paraprobiotics based on PMA-qPCR analysis.
Short Communication: Morphological, biochemical, and molecular identification of cellulolytic bacteria isolated from feces of endemic tropical herbivores SRI SUHARTI; NUR NOVRARIANI; KOMANG G. WIRYAWAN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 7 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240742

Abstract

Abstract. Suharti S, Novrariani N, Wiryawan KG. 2023. Short Communication: Morphological, biochemical, and molecular identification of cellulolytic bacteria isolated from feces of endemic tropical herbivores. Biodiversitas 24: 4046-4051. Indonesia has endemic herbivores that consume lignocellulose feedstuffs including grass, tree foliage, rice straw, and legume, indicating the presence of cellulolytic bacteria in their gastrointestinal tracts. Therefore, the aim of this study was to isolate and identify cellulolytic bacteria from the feces of tropical endemic herbivores, including anoa (Bubalus depressicornis), banteng (Bos javanicus), muntjak (Muntiacus muntjak), and timor deer (Rusa timorensis). Bacteria were isolated using the serial dilution technique and screened on Carboxy Methyl Cellulose (CMC) media. The selected isolates were identified based on their morphological and biochemical characteristics, cellulase enzyme activity, and molecular identification of 16S rDNA. The result showed that a total of five bacterial isolates were isolated from feces of anoa, banteng, muntjak, and timor deer. In addition, isolates exhibited characteristics of facultative anaerobes with gram-positive coccus, fermenting glucose, fructose, sucrose, starch, and cellulose. Based on cellulolytic index, isolates from anoa and banteng feces showed high cellulolytic activity with an index of about 1.2, indicating their potential as cellulose-degrading bacteria. Molecular identification and phylogeny analysis of cellulolytic bacteria isolates from anoa and banteng feces showed 100% similarities with Enterococcus faecium. Therefore, bacteria from feces of tropical endemic herbivores, especially anoa and banteng, possess cellulolytic activity and have potential as cellulolytic probiotic for ruminants that feed on forage-based diet. This is the first study to document the cellulolytic activity of anoa, and banteng feces.
The diversity and abundance of weeds in sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum) plantations and its relationships with Hymenoptera parasitoids diversity DENNIS WIBOWO; BAMBANG TRI RAHARDJO; SRI KARINDAH; FAIZ NASIRUDDIN MUHAMMAD
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 4 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240448

Abstract

Abstract. Wibowo D, Rahardjo BT, Karindah S, Muhammad FN. 2023. The diversity and abundance of weeds in sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum) plantations and its relationships with Hymenoptera parasitoids diversity. Biodiversitas 24: 2342-2349. Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) is an important plantation commodity in Indonesia. One of the strategies to improve sugarcane production is by controlling pest populations in sugarcane plantations which can be done by increasing the role of natural enemies as control agents, such as Hymenoptera parasitoids. The presence of parasitoids is influenced by the diversity of vegetation, including weed plants, due to the nectar contained in its flowers. The aim of this study was to investigate the diversity, abundance and composition of weeds in sugarcane plantations and their relationships with the diversity and abundance of Hymenoptera parasitoids that have the potential to control pests in sugarcane plantations. The study was conducted from June to August 2022 in four locations in East Java, i.e. Karangploso and Kalipare (Malang), Pasirian (Lumajang) and Gandusari (Blitar). Observation of weed vegetation was carried out by taking samples using 1 m x 1 m frame inside the observation point at each observation plot. Collection of Hymenoptera parasitoids used yellow pan trap and modified farmcop to determine the diversity of Hymenoptera parasitoids in the field. Observations were made at intervals of 1 week. We found that the highest abundance of weeds found across the four sugarcane plantations was Digitaria ciliaris (Retz.) Koeler, Ipomoea triloba L. and Ageratum conyzoides L. The highest abundance of Hymenoptera parasitoid species found were Trichogramma chilonis Ishii and Telenomus dignus Gahan. There were positive relationships between weed density and Hymenoptera parasitoid diversity and abundance at each sugarcane plantation. Weed species with the most presence of Hymenoptera parasitoids were A. conyzoides, I. triloba and Mimosa pudica L. In conclusion, the presence of weed vegetation on sugarcane plantations affected the composition of the Hymenoptera parasitoid community. The results of this study can be the rationale that the conservation of wild weeds in sugarcane fields is very important to support the existence of beneficial parasitoids.
Estimating carbon storage of Eucalyptus urophylla vegetation in Mutis Timau Nature Reserve, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia using remote sensing analysis RONGGO SADONO; WAHYU WARDHANA; PANDU YUDHA ADI PUTRA WIRABUANA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 4 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240402

Abstract

Abstract. Sadono R, Wardhana W, Wirabuana PYAP. 2023. Estimating carbon storage of Eucalyptus urophylla vegetation in Mutis Timau Nature Reserve, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia using remote sensing analysis. Biodiversitas 24: 1946-1952. The presence of Eucalyptus urophylla S.T. Blake in Mutis Timau Nature Reserve (Cagar Alam) in Timor Island, East Nusa Tenggara Province, Indonesia plays an important role in long-term climate change mitigation. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the carbon storage of E. urophylla in Mutis Timau Nature Reserve in varying tree densities using remote sensing analysis. Sentinel 2B satellite image acquired on 10 September 2022 was used to generate the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) using ArcGis 10.8. The NDVI values were then classified to generate the land cover type and density of E. urophylla. The NDVI values greater than 0.7 were assigned as the stands of E. urophylla and classified into low, moderate, and high density. The total carbon storage of each density area was calculated using the estimated area and secondary data of total carbon storage per ha for corresponding densities. The results of remote sensing analysis showed that E. urophylla vegetation was found to cover 73.82% or 9,084.56 ha of the total 12,306.43 ha estimated study area. The estimated area for moderate vegetation density of E. urophylla was 5,150.26 ha followed by low and high densities of 3,857.48 ha and 96.81 ha, respectively. The carbon storage of low, moderate, and high density was calculated to be 577,273.38, 996,655.61 and 27,467.90 tons C, respectively, totaling 1,601,396.89 tons C across the nature reserve. The findings of this study recommend that the coverage of E. urophylla vegetation needs to be expanded, specifically to become high-density to enhance carbon stock, for example through restoration.

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