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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,269 Documents
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The phenotypic and genetic diversity test of several inbred lines on the 7th generation of melon (Cucumis melo) HERI KUSTANTO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 5 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240514

Abstract

Abstract. Kustanto H. 2023. The phenotypic and genetic diversity test of several inbred lines on the 7th generation of melon (Cucumis melo). Biodiversitas 24: 2623-2629. The needs for melon (Cucumis melo L.) keep increasing year by year. Some efforts to increase the quality of melon have been carried out to obtain better quality and quantity through plant breeding programs. Providing new melon inbred lines with different phenotypic and genotypic traits is very important in assembling melon hybrid varieties with new genetic characteristics, potentially production superior melon varieties. The study’s objective was to find out the genetic diversity of the tested melon genotypes and to obtain inbred lines of melon, which are the potential to be developed as superior hybrid varieties. The inbred lines of melons showed that the diversity coefficient values of morphological traits ranged from 0.57 to 1.0. There are 3 Groups, namely Group I, II, and III. Group I comprises two genotypes: MJ 34 and HHX 015. Group II is divided into 2, Group A and B. Gaboup A comprises three genotypes: MJ 25, Amanda variety as the standard of comparison, and MO 29, while Group B has one genotype: HHA 02. Group III comprises three genotypes: MSO 12, MSP 13, and HHAL 01. The traits are as follows: leaf length, leaf width, fruit length, fruit diameter, and the fruit flesh thickness have closely related to yield per plant.
Improvement of antimicrobial activity of Pediococcus pentosaceus strain 2397 in suppressing Escherichia coli EMMA RIFTYAN; YUSMARINI YUSMARINI; EVY ROSSI; USMAN PATO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 6 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250619

Abstract

Abstract. Riftyan E, Yusmarini, Rossi E, Pato U. 2024. Improvement of antimicrobial activity of Pediococcus pentosaceus strain 2397 in suppressing Escherichia coli. Biodiversitas 25: 2500-2506. Lactic acid bacteria exhibit antibacterial activity that suppresses spoilage and pathogenic bacteria. Due to their antagonistic action against foodborne pathogens such as Escherichia coli, LAB isolated from dairy products have attracted considerable attention as a potential food preservative. Furthermore, bioactive compounds generated by forming LAB biofilms may exhibit efficacy against pathogenic microorganisms and their toxin. Combining LAB biofilms and other LAB products, such as bacteriocins, could offer a significant method against pathogenic microorganisms and their biofilms. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of optimization of media composition and incubation conditions on the antimicrobial activities of cell-free supernatant (CFS) from Pediococcus pentosaceus strain 2397 to inhibit E. coli FNCC-19. The antimicrobial activity of CFS was determined using agar well diffusion method. The results revealed that antimicrobial activity of P. pentosaceus strain 2397 was enhanced by optimizing the media composition and incubation conditions. Pediococcus pentosaceus strain 2397 exhibited excellent antimicrobial activity against E. coli. In MRS, 5% (v/v) of P. pentosaceus strain 2397+2.0% (w/v) yeast extract with pH 7.0 showed an inhibition zone of 10.44 mm. Therefore, strain 2397 may be effective in producing bacteriocin as a preservative for food products.
Evaluation of stingless bee honey quality (Tetragonula laeviceps) based on their physicochemical from different origins Agussalim Agussalim; Ardo Sabir; Muhamad Sahlan; Ali Agus
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 4 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240424

Abstract

Abstract. Agussalim, Sabir A, Sahlan M, Agus A. 2023. Evaluation of stingless bee honey quality (Tetragonula laeviceps) based on their physicochemical from different origins. Biodiversitas 24: 2134-2142. Honey is a natural food mainly composed of sugars and other components such as enzymes, amino acids, organic acids, carotenoids, vitamins, minerals, and aromatic substances. This study aimed to determine the quality of stingless bee honey (Tetragonula laeviceps) based on their physicochemical from different origins of Lombok, Magelang, and Purworejo (Indonesia). The honey was physicochemically analyzed on its moisture, fat, protein (by proximate analysis), energy (bomb calory meter), flavonoid, phenolic, and DPPH antioxidant (spectrophotometer Uv-Vis), organic and amino acids (high-performance liquid chromatography). Honey from Lombok was lower in moisture content (p<0.01) and higher in protein, energy, citric acid, propionic acid, phenolic, flavonoid, DPPH antioxidant, amino acids (aspartic acid, glutamic acid, asparagine, glycine, and threonine) than honey from Magelang and Purworejo (p<0.01). Also, the citric acid of honey from Lombok and Magelang was similar. It was higher than citric acid honey from Purworejo (p<0.01). The lactic acid of honey from Lombok and Purworejo was similar. Both were higher than the lactic acid of honey from Magelang (p<0.05), but not on fat, butyric acid, and other amino acids. Thus, T. laeviceps honey from Lombok has a better quality based on physicochemical than honey Magelang and Purworejo. Honey from T. laevicepsis rich in phenolic and flavonoids to support the higher antioxidant.
Antioxidant activity and characterization of arrowroot (Maranta arundinacea) tuber yogurt SITARESMI YUNINGTYAS; ANNA PRIANGANI ROSWIEM; DINA AZAHRA; MUHAMMAD ALFARABI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 5 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240539

Abstract

Abstract. Yuningtyas S, Roswiem AP, Azahra D, Alfarabi M. 2023. Antioxidant activity and characterization of arrowroot (Maranta arundinacea) tuber yogurt. Biodiversitas 24: 2850-2854. The main benefit of yogurt is its ability to improve the digestive health tract by enhancing the condition of the intestinal flora and its environment. Nowadays, adding natural ingredients to yogurt is a widely practiced trend towards further increasing its efficacy as a healthy drink. Arrowroot tuber (Maranta arundinacea L.) is a food source with many health benefits and is not yet widely used in Indonesia. Fermentation can increase the health value of a food product compared to existing products. Therefore, the novelty and objective of this study are to produce and characterize arrowroot tuber yogurt using two species of Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB), Lacticaseibacillus casei and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum. These LAB species are used for yogurt starter and arrowroot tuber as a substrate in the fermentation process. The fermentation process was carried out using a combination of L. plantarum and L. casei (1:1 % (v / v)), L. plantarum 2% (v / v), and L. casei 2% (v / v). The characterization involved determining the pH value, total lactic acid level, total lactic acid bacteria level, and the antioxidant activity of the yogurt, which was assessed using the free radical 2,2-Diphenyl-1-Picrilhydrazyl (DPPH). The result showed that all arrowroot tuber yogurts have antioxidant activity, with the ability to inhibit DPPH by 59.30-86.62%. The arrowroot tuber yogurt had a pH level of 4.29-4.81, total lactic acid of 0.87-0.95%, and total lactic acid bacteria of 7.5×107-7.6×109 CFU/mL, all of which complied with the characteristics of the probiotic drink standard set by the Indonesian National Standard 2981:2009. These findings suggest that arrowroot tuber yogurt has the potential to be developed into a healthy drink.
Interspecific hybridization of Dendrobium mirbelianum x D. nindii or D. discolor, in vitro seed germination, seedling growth and plantlet acclimatization DESI MAULIDA; YUSNITA YUSNITA; DWI HAPSORO; AGUSTIANSYAH AGUSTIANSYAH; AGUS KARYANTO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 5 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240555

Abstract

Abstract. Maulida D, Yusnita Y, Hapsoro D, Agustiansyah A, Karyanto A. 2023. Interspecific hybridization of Dendrobium mirbelianum x D. nindii or D. discolor, in vitro seed germination, seedling growth and plantlet acclimatization. Biodiversitas 24: 3004-3011. Dendrobium mirbelianum Gaudich. (P1), D. nindii W.Hill (P2), and D. discolor Lindl. (P3) as a parent crossing are potentially resulting a new type of orchid as the novel breeding achievement. This study aimed to identify orchid crossing compatibility and evaluate the most effective and efficient media for hybrid seed germination and growth. The study consisted of three experiments, namely interspecific hybridization (experiment 1), in vitro hybrid seed germination (experiment 2), and in vitro growth of the hybrid seedlings (experiment 3). The first experiment was conducted by a simple modified line×tester mating design, and all experiments used a completely randomized design, with five replications in the first experiment and three replications in the second and third experiments. The first experiment presented all of the crossing emerging seed pods, but only hybrid seeds from cross D. mirbelianum x D. nindii and its reciprocal cross that potent to germinate in all tested media as the second experiment result. The third experiment showed FF+tryptone was the best media indicated by the highest and heaviest seedling after 8 months after sowing. All of the crossings resulted seed pods, however, only D. mirbelianum x D. nindii and its reciprocal cross that able to germinate in all tested media. Foliar fertilizer is the most recommended media for germinating hybrid orchid seeds, and FF+tryptone is the best for seedling growth.
Diversity, nutrient contents and production of forage plants in an integrated cattle livestock-oil palm plantation in East Kalimantan, Indonesia TAUFAN PURWOKUSUMANING DARU; WIDI SUNARYO; HENNY PAGORAY; SUHARDI SUHARDI; HAMDI MAYULU; IBRAHIM IBRAHIM; APDILA SAFITRI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 4 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240406

Abstract

Abstract. Daru TP, Sunaryo W, Pagoray H, Suhardi, Mayulu H, Ibrahim, Safitri A. 2023. Diversity, nutrient contents and production of forage plants in an integrated cattle livestock-oil palm plantation in East Kalimantan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 1981-1989. The integration of cattle livestock rearing into oil palm plantations delivers various benefits. The livestock management can reduce the weeds and add organic nutrients to the plantations, while the understorey vegetation grow under the oil palm trees can be used as forage for the livestock. Several studies reported that the age of oil palm plantations affects forage production in integrated cattle livestock palm oil plantations. From an ecological standpoint, the diversity of plant species and the level of forage production varies based on the age of the oil palm trees. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the diversity, composition, nutrient contents, forage production and carrying capacity of understorey vegetation in oil palm plantations at different ages of 3, 7, and 10 years in Paser District, East Kalimantan Province, Indonesia. A total of 29 plant species from 13 families were found under oil palm plantations, of which 14 species (48.27%) are palatable to cattle livestock. The results showed that the diversity of plant species decreased along with the increasing age of oil palm trees, but they were able to meet the needs of livestock. In the 3, 7, and 10-year-old plantations, the diversity index (H') was 1.491, 1.634, and 2.099, with evenness index (E) of 0.538, 0.589 and 0.757; as well as the dominance index of 0.15, 0.30, and 0.18, respectively. Narrow-leaved forage plant species dominated the understorey vegetation and increased along with the age of oil palm plantations due to the ability to adapt to environmental conditions. The low forage production under the different ages of oil palm plantations caused a low carrying capacity to support livestock feed, namely 0.87, 0.56, and 0.36 Animal Unit (AU) ha-1 per year in the 3, 7, and 10-year-old plantations. Nonetheless, Crude Protein (CP) and total digestible nutrients can meet the basic life needs of livestock. The results of this study imply that oil palm plantations in Paser District can be applied as livestock rearing with different carrying capacities based on the different ages of oil palm plantations.
Genetic stability analysis associated with salt stress and salicylic acid in fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) plants ARSHAD NAJI ALHASNAWI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 6 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240660

Abstract

Abstract. Alhasnawi AN. 2023. Genetic stability analysis associated with salt stress and salicylic acid in fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) plants. Biodiversitas 24: 3601-3608. Salt damage to plants has been attributed to a combination of many factors like the accumulation of toxic metal ions or osmotic stress. This study attempted to understand the mitigating effects of the salicylic acid (SA) treatment on the salt-stressed seed germination ability of the fenugreek plants (Trigonella foenum-graecum); SA pre-treatment along with the salt tolerance capacity have also been tested. The effects of salinity and applied SA on biochemical traits and genetic stability of plantshave been estimated in this study. Respective molecular and biochemical changes occurring in plants as well as genetic analysis have been performed. The results indicated that exogenous application of SA(0.4 mmol) improved the biochemical traits in the seedlings. The evaluation of the genetic stability of the plants was also conducted. Whereas DNA marker-based genetic stability estimates are considered a reliable, accurate, and advanced technique.The Inter-Simple Sequence Repeats (ISSR) analysis has been performed with the help of 7 ISSRs primers. The 6 ISSRs primers generated 54 fragments in total, with an average of 4.5 bands for every primer. The ISSR did not reveal any polymorphic bands. Finally, it has been concluded that exogenous SA can be effectively used as a potential growth regulator for improving the biochemical traits and salinity stress tolerance of the fenugreek plants and stimulating its medicinal properties. Furthermore, ISSR markers were seen to be a good tool as potential diagnostic markers for testing the genetic stability of plants.
Inheritance of seed coat color and heritability of agronomic characters of F2 population of reciprocal crosses between Fore Belu and Local Sabu mungbean varieties YOSEP SERAN MAU; ANTONIUS S. S. NDIWA; WIDASARI BUNGA; ZAINAL ABIDIN; TITIK S. HARINI; SHIRLY S. OEMATAN; EFFY ROEFAIDA; ARISTARKHUS TALOIM; ADRIANA GADJI; MARIA RISNAWATI; RIGOBERTUS ASA NANA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 5 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240517

Abstract

Abstract. Mau YS, Ndiwa ASS, Bunga W, Abidin Z, Harini TS, Oematan SS, Roefaida E, Taloim A, Gadji A, Risnawati M, Nana RA. 2023. Inheritance of seed coat color and heritability of agronomic characters of F2 population of reciprocal crosses between Fore Belu and Local Sabu mungbean varieties. Biodiversitas 24: 2647-2656. Mungbean (Vigna radiata (L.) R.Wilczek) is an important pulse crop well adapted to the agro-climatic conditions of East Nusa Tenggara Province, Indonesia. However, the productivity of mungbean in East Nusa Tenggara is low (~0.5 t ha-1). Plant breeding programs can overcome this problem by assembling superior varieties. This study aimed to determine the genetic control of seed coat color and heritability of agronomic traits of F2 population of reciprocal crosses between Fore Belu and Local Sabu mungbean varieties. The observed data included seed coat color and agronomic traits. Seed coat color was subjected to chi-square analysis while agronomic traits were subjected to a simple statistical analysis. The results showed that seed coat color was controlled by one co-dominant gene. The plant heights of F2 fell between the two parental means while the number of pods and seed weight fell below the two parental means. The F2 values range was wide and the maximum F2 values were above the parental means. The phenotypic and genetic variability was wide while either the phenotypic diversity or genetic diversity was moderate to high. The heritability values of the six observed traits were high. The highest was observed on the harvesting date (0.92 and 0.94 for reciprocal crosses), whereas the lowest was on seed weight per plant (0.50 and 0.58 for reciprocal crosses).
Floristic diversity of the steppe area of Tissemsilt, Northwest of Algeria LAÏD GUEMOU; SAHNOUNE FELLAH; MOHAMED MAIRIF; KADDA MOHAMED LAMINE CHOUHIM; BADREDDINE MOUSSAOUI; IKRAM NOURELHOUDA BOUZEMARENE; CHAHINEZ BOUBEKEUR
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 4 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240464

Abstract

Abstract. Guemou L, Fellah S, Mairif M, Chouhim KML, Moussaoui B, Bouzemarene IN, Boubekeur C. 2023. Floristic diversity of the steppe area of Tissemsilt, Northwest of Algeria. Biodiversitas 24: 2483-2491. This study uses a stigmatist phytoecological technique to survey and evaluate the plant diversity of the Tissemsilt steppe region. The floristic analysis allowed us to draw up a list of 105 taxa, including 86 genera distributed across 34 families with a dominance of Asteraceae (24.76%), Poaceae (9.5%), and Fabaceae (8.6%). The comparison of the different biological types showed the importance of Therophytes (51.42%) that adapt well to environmental conditions. On the biogeographical level, our study affirmed the affinity of the Algerian steppe vegetation with the Mediterranean flora. The methodology adopted for the biodiversity measurement through the flora analysis using several ecological indexes has disclosed an important diversity through the Shannon index (4.96). At the same time, the Evenness of Pielou indicated regularity in the distribution of species (0.73). However, the perturbation index (63.8%) revealed an environment opening. It confirmed the presence of the phenomenon of Therophytization in this region by the dominance of Therophytes annual species more or less needing trophic, water resources and opening areas.
Ecological index and economic potential of mollusks (Gastropods and Bivalves) in Ayah Mangrove Forest, Kebumen District, Indonesia MINI AMBARWATI KUSUMA DEWI; DEVI MAYANG AURINA; AQRA DANIAL FATURRAHMAN; LAYYINATUSSYIFA A'YUNI FATIKHA; FAYZA RACHMALIA; FADIA AULIANISSA AINAYA; ASIH KINANTHI; CAHYA MAULIDTA ROHMAN; FARIZ PRADHANA ADIL FADZILAH; DESMA ASTY PRAMUDITA; MUHAMMAD FADHIL RAMADHAN; EDWI MAHAJOENO; GILANG DWI NUGROHO; PUGUH SUJARTA; MUH. SULAIMAN DADIONO; CHEE KONG YAP; KHAIRUL ADHA BIN A. RAHIM; AHMAD DWI SETYAWAN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240265

Abstract

Abstract. Dewi MAK, Aurina DM, Faturrahman AD, Fatikha LA, Rachmalia F, Ainaya FA, Kinanthi A, Rohman CM, Fadzilah FPA, Pramudita DA, Ramadhan MF, Mahajoeno E, Nugroho GD, Sujarta P, Dadiono MS, Yap CK, Rahim KABA, Setyawan AD. 2023. Ecological index and economic potential of mollusks (Gastropods and Bivalves) in Ayah Mangrove Forest, Kebumen District, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 1231-1241. Mollusks are a group of triploblastic coelomates with soft bodies that live in various ecosystems, one of which is mangroves. This research was conducted with the aim of knowing the ecological index and economic potential in the mangrove forest of Ayah Village, Kebumen District, Central Java, Indonesia. First, the sampling method for each location using a transect plot measuring 10 x 10 m² was made. Mollusk species in each plot that had been obtained were then counted, collected, and recorded. Furthermore, abiotic variables such as water salinity, soil and water pH, and air, water and soil temperature, were measured. Then, the individuals and mollusk species that have been collected are calculated using ecological indices, such as the Shannon-Wiener biodiversity index, species density, Margalef species richness index, Evenness index, and Simpson dominance index. Meanwhile, the economic potential of the mollusk was searched using references from scientific journals and books. Finally, all data obtained were analyzed descriptively with supporting figures and tables. The results obtained 23 identified species of mollusk, i.e.: Gastropods (18 species) and Bivalves (5 species). The total density of mollusk obtained was 3.49 ind/m2, the species diversity index was 2.22 (moderate), the species evenness index was 0.71 (relatively even), the species dominant index was 0.16 (low), the species richness index was 2.71 (low). The environmental factors are as follow: temperature of air (30-30.3°C), water (28-29°C), soil/sediment (24-30°C), water pH 7.5-7.7, soil pH 7 and salinity 1-5 ppt. Of the total of 23 mollusks, 18 species could be consumed, i.e.: A. granosa, B. spirata, C. angulifera, C. aurisfelis, C. oualaniensis, E. aurisjudae, F. ater, L. scabra, N. lineata, N, violacea, N. dubia, P. viridis, P. cingulata, P. expansa, P. canaliculata, P. maculata, S. cucullata, and T. telescopium. The seven species of mollusks can be used as accessories, i.e.: B. spirata, N. lineata, P. cingulata, P. exilis, P. expansa, P. canaliculata, and P. maculata. Meanwhile, the mollusks used as decorations are as many as eleven, i.e.: A. granosa, B. spirata, C. corona, C. oualaniensis, N. margaritiferus, N. dubia, P. expansa, P. canaliculata, P. maculata, S. cucullata and V. turrita.

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