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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,269 Documents
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Phenotypic characteristics of Sakub sheep as local livestock genetic resources ARI DWI NURASIH; MAS YEDI SUMARYADI; CHOMSIATUN NURUL HIDAYAH; ARAS PRASETIYO NUGROHO; AGUSTINAH SETYANINGRUM; IMBANG HARYOKO; PAMBUDI YUWONO; AKHMAD SODIQ
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 10 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d241049

Abstract

Abstract. Nurasih AD, Sumaryadi MY, Hidayah CN, Nugroho AP, Setyaningrum A, Haryoko I, Yuwono P, Sodiq A. 2023. Phenotypic characteristics of Sakub sheep as local livestock genetic resources. Biodiversitas 24: 5671-5675. Sakub sheep is an indigenous sheep with a giant body in the Brebes Regency. Phenotypic characterization is important to increase the population and productivity of Sakub sheep. By combining quantitative and qualitative data, this study will provide a comprehensive insight into the phenotypic profile of Sakub sheep. This study determined the quantitative and qualitative phenotypic characteristics of Sakub sheep. The Sakub sheep used were owned by smallholder farmers using the survey method with interview techniques, observation, and direct measurement of livestock. Samples were taken using purposive sampling in Pandansari and Wanareja villages, which have the largest sheep populations and are easily accessible. The sheep used were rams and ewes sheep in the age group of 1-1.5 years (P0), 1.5-2 years (P1), 2-2.5 years (P2), 2.5-3 years (P3). Phenotypic characteristics observed included quantitative characteristics of body size and qualitative characteristics of body morphology. Body size was measured using measuring tape and hanging scales, including Body Weight (BW), Body Length (BL), Whither Height (WH), Chest Girth (CG), Ear Length (EL), And Tail Length (TL). Body morphology includes head color, body color, face profile, and tail shape. Quantitative characters were analyzed using descriptive statistics, and qualitative characters were analyzed descriptively using relative frequency. The results showed quantitative phenotypic characteristics of Sakub sheep at the age of 1-1.5 years; 1.5-2 years; 2-2.5 years, and 2.5-3 years, such as body weight, body length, chest circumference, whither height, ear length, and tail length increased with age. The qualitative phenotypic characteristics of Sakub sheep are having a head and body with a combination of colors but dominant white, a convex head profile, no horns, and a thin and fat tail.
Molecular characterization of red ginger varieties (Zingiber officinale Roxb. var. rubrum) by DNA markers OEKE YUNITA; NUR AINI FADHILAH; SARI PRAMADIYANTI; SIMON JONATAN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 12 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d241252

Abstract

Abstract. Yunita O, Fadhilah NA, Pramadiyanti S, Jonatan S. 2023. Molecular characterization of red ginger varieties (Zingiber officinale Roxb. var. rubrum) by DNA markers. Biodiversitas 24: 6905-6913. Red ginger (Zingiber officinale Roxb. var. rubrum) rhizomes have been traditionally used in Indonesia to increase human health. Therefore, the assurance of raw material quality holds significant importance in the industrial application of red ginger. The primary step in ensuring the quality, safety, and effectiveness of the final product in the industrial environment is the identification of plants used as raw materials for supplements and herbal medications. DNA-based molecular characterization approaches have been specifically developed to aid in the identification of herbal raw materials prior to their application in production processes. Based on the findings derived from the conducted research, the Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique can be employed to amplify the DNA isolates of red ginger rhizome samples. The results obtained from the PCR-RAPD amplification of DNA samples extracted from red ginger plants indicated that 90.48% of the total 147 bands seen exhibited polymorphism. The findings suggest a tendency for DNA banding patterns derived from red ginger samples planted in the same geographic area to display clustering tendencies.
Short Communication: The oleaginous Candida tropicalis isolated from mangrove soil in eastern Thailand and the fatty acid composition profile of its intracellular lipids SUDARAT WONGCHAMREARN; PARIMA BOONTANOM; SUNISA UNGWIWATKUL; NANNAPHAT EMNIN; AIYA CHANTARASIRI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 9 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240953

Abstract

Abstract. Wongchamrearn S, Boontanom P, Ungwiwatkul S, Emnin N, Chantarasiri A. 2023. Short Communication: The oleaginous Candida tropicalis isolated from mangrove soil in eastern Thailand and the fatty acid composition profile of its intracellular lipids. Biodiversitas 24: 5088-5095. Oleaginous yeasts are microorganisms that can accumulate intracellular lipids at a rate of more than 20% of their cell dry weight. They are considered ideal microbes for a sustainable bioeconomy and a promising source for biotechnological applications. Thus, the exploration of efficient oleaginous yeasts from various environments is necessitated. At present, the number of oleaginous yeasts that have been discovered from mangrove environments remains scarce. Therefore, this study isolated and screened for lipid-accumulating yeast strains in mangrove soil samples collected from Rayong Province and Chonburi Province, Thailand. The intracellular lipids of isolated yeasts were extracted and quantitatively analyzed to evaluate the efficient oleaginous strains. Fifteen yeast strains were considered lipid-accumulating yeasts based on the Sudan IV staining method and lipid content determination, with intracellular lipid accumulation ranging from 5.71±1.89% (w/w) to 33.83±1.41% (w/w). The isolated yeast strain MJ13 was designated the most efficient oleaginous strain and subsequently genetically identified as Candida tropicalis. The fatty acid composition of its intracellular lipids was analyzed by gas chromatography, which consisted of five saturated fatty acids and five unsaturated fatty acids with 10-22 carbon atoms. The predominant fatty acids were palmitic (C16:0) and stearic (C18:0) acids. Some fatty acids essential to the human body and pharmacological sciences were detected, involving a-linolenic (C18:3n3) and cis-13,16-docosadienoic (C22:2) acids. This oleaginous yeast strain could be applied in lipid-related biofuel and high-value bioeconomy applications.
Use and assessment of the economic value of traditional medicinal plants by the Soputan Dayak tribe, East Kalimantan Province, Indonesia RUJEHAN RUJEHAN; SETIAWATI SETIAWATI; PAULUS MATIUS; ROCHADI KRISTININGRUM; YULIANA OKTAVIA HALU
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 6 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250608

Abstract

Abstract. Rujehan, Setiawati, Matius P, Kristiningrum R, Halu YO. 2024. Use and assessment of the economic value of traditional medicinal plants by the Soputan Dayak tribe, East Kalimantan Province, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 2393-2403. The Soputan Dayak tribe, who live in Long Penaneh III, Long Apari Sub-district, East Kalimantan, apparently still adhere to local wisdom values in using plants as medicine and contributing to the household economy. This study aims to identify the local wisdom of the Soputan Dayak tribe in using medicinal plants and determine the economic value of medicinal plant use. Using a snowball sampling technique, the methods used were observation and direct interviews with 15 households. The data were analyzed descriptively and qualitatively using logical explanation through a substitute-market approach to determine economic value. The results showed that the use of medicinal plants in the village of Long Penaneh III covered 41 families of 64 species with various benefits. The most used plant organs were leaves (50%) and roots (24%), with the rest comprising tubers, stems, fruit, shoots, skins, flowers, and cambium. The main diseases treated with medicinal plants were back pain (17%), cholesterol (14%), high blood pressure and leukorrhea (12% each), and flu, fever, hypoglycemia, ulcers, and kidney concerns (9% each). The economic value assessment from the 64 species showed IDR 36,685,000 per year could be obtained, based on the information of 15 respondents, with an average per household of IDR 2,445,666.67 per year. The economic value obtained is sufficient to support the household economy.
Short Communication: Molecular identification of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides causing anthracnose on shallot in Bantul, Yogyakarta, Indonesia LUTHFIANA M. SYAFITRI; ARIF WIBOWO; ANI WIDIASTUTI; SITI SUBANDIYAH; STEPHEN HARPER
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 8 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240855

Abstract

Abstract. Syafitri LM, Wibowo A, Widiastuti A, Subandiyah S, Harper S. 2023. Short Communication: Molecular identification of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides causing anthracnose on shallot in Bantul, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 4530-4534. Anthracnose is one of the most common diseases in shallot cultivation which contributes to cause a significant production loss in Indonesia. Morphological identification of C. gloeosporioides causing anthracnose in Indonesia had been described, however there is no report on the molecular identification to confirm the pathogen species. This report is conducted to reveal species of Colletotrichum causing shallot anthracnose based on specific primer for special complex of Colletotrichum. The method used in this study was sample isolation, morphological observation and molecular identification. The symptomatic leaf sample was collected from Bantul, Yogyakarta, one of Indonesia's shallot productions, to be cultured on potato dextrose agar (PDA) medium. Morphological identification was carried out by using macroscopic and microscopic examinations. Molecular identification of the isolated fungi was amplified using specific primers for Colletotrichum gloeosporioides species complex, CgInt and ITS4. Based on molecular identification, the pathogens were identified as C. gloeosporioides Penz, which showed 98.07% percent identity with C. gloeosporioides AJ311884.1 isolate. This study elucidated that CgInt and ITS4 primers showed as a reliable primer set to be used for Colletotrichum species complex identification. The primer set was able to differ the conserved region among some Colletotrichum spp. Therefore, it is potential to be used for molecular identification. To our best knowledge, this is the first novel report on molecular identification of C. gloeosporioides causing anthracnose in shallot in Indonesia.
Revealing the biocultural importance of Moringa oleifera (Moringaceae) in three villages, Kediri District, Indonesia WHISNU FEBRY AFRIANTO; ARYA ARISMAYA METANANDA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 12 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d241256

Abstract

Abstract. Afrianto WF, Metananda AA. 2023. Revealing the biocultural importance of Moringa oleifera (Moringaceae) in three villages, Kediri District, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 6942-6952. Moringa oleifera Lam. (Moringaceae) is a multi-purpose species with significant use and cultural importance. However, communities have yet to cultivate and use this plant intensively. This study aims to identify the biocultural importance of M. oleifera by the communities in Kediri District, East Java, Indonesia. The qualitative and quantitative ethnobotanical approach was carried out in three villages, namely Datengan, Cerme, and Ngablak Villages, Kediri District, East Java. Data were collected based on a survey of 60 informants through a semi-structured study, direct field observation, and in-depth interviews that were selected using snowball sampling. The results showed that M. oleifera has a score ICI of 20.19 and a UV score of 3. This plant has long been grown or grows naturally at all research locations. This plant was utilized for food, medicines, fooder feed, rituals, live fence, firewood, and most importantly, the leaves. This plant can grow in a variety of environmental circumstances and managed agroecosystem land, but it has yet to be actively grown. However, local knowledge of M. oleifera has declined, particularly among younger generations. The reason for this is that this plant species is less economically important than other agricultural goods. This M. oleifera study demonstrates the value of the cultural keystone species paradigm in landscape appraisal for conservation efforts.
Characteristics contribution and similarity of F5 soybean lines resistant to cowpea mild mottle virus derived from different crossing SITI ZUBAIDAH; HERU KUSWANTORO; EMERENSIANA UGE; KENNIS ROZANA; PURWANTORO PURWANTORO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 10 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d241022

Abstract

Abstract. Zubaidah S, Kuswantoro H, Uge E, Rozana K, Purwantoro. 2023. Characteristics contribution and similarity of F5 soybean lines resistant to cowpea mild mottle virus derived from different crossing. Biodiversitas 24: 5399-5408. Virus is one of the pathogens that can infect soybeans. One of the crucial viruses is Cowpea Mild Mottle Virus (CpMMV), which attacks many soybean plants in Indonesia. The objective of this study was to explore the character's contribution and similarity to identify F5 CpMMV-resistant soybean lines. The plant materials were F5 CpMMV-resistant soybean lines from 26 different crosses. CpMMV inoculation was performed naturally by placing the experiment at the site previously infected with Bemisia tabaci as the CpMMV virus vector. Observations were made on agronomic characters and disease scores. The results showed that there was a variation in the observed agronomic characters, but disease scores were generally at a score of 2. Seed yield, number of filled pods, and number of seeds showed strong character contributions. Disease scores generally had the opposite direction to seed size. There was a significant correlation between agronomic characters, but disease scores had no correlation with agronomic characters. M and N crosses showed the highest seed yields. The disease score for these two crosses was 2. These two crosses also formed a separate group. There were four groups of crosses with different numbers of members. The groups formed were more influenced by the variability of the number of seeds, filled pods, and plant height. Based on seed yield and disease score, M and N crosses should be further developed to obtain high-yielding CpMMV-resistant soybean varieties.
Diversity of edible plants traded in the East Jakarta traditional markets, Indonesia WHISNU FEBRY AFRIANTO; LAELI NUR HASANAH; ARYA ARISMAYA METANANDA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 12 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d241257

Abstract

Abstract. Afrianto WF, Hasanah LN, Metananda AA. 2023. Diversity of edible plants traded in the East Jakarta traditional markets, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 6953-6968. Traditional markets provide limited assistance while facilitating transient or set-term direct retail interactions between buyers and sellers. Commodities traded in the traditional markets range from fresh produce, pantry, dairy, snacks, meat, fish, and wellness products. This study aimed to determine the ethnobotany of edible plant species in Indonesia's East Jakarta traditional markets. This study used an ethnobotanical approach qualitatively. The data were collected using purposive sampling, which included 157 sellers. This study found that 140 edible plant species (181 landraces) in the East Jakarta traditional markets belong to 50 plant families. Most plants were fruits (102 species), with herbs as the most dominant life form (90 species). Most edible plants must be cooked before consumption (40%) as vegetables (68 species). In addition, 166 species are cultivated, 8 are semi-cultivated, and 7 are wild-type plants. The edible plants observed in the traditional markets in this study are classified as highly available (79%) and can be found in all seasons (91%). The East Jakarta traditional markets have an essential role as a place of economic botany that can help balance the economy and conservation efforts. Consequently, traditional markets recreate an essential social-cultural function by combining cultural and biological diversity on a small scale.
A comparative assessment of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum isolated from chicken and humans as candidates for probiotics JESSICA SUNARDI; EMILY TANIA PURNAMA; MARCELIA SUGATA; HANS VICTOR; TAN TJIE JAN; JUANDY JO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 9 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240964

Abstract

Abstract. Sunardi J, Purnama ET, Sugata M, Victor H, Jan TT, Jo J. 2023. A comparative assessment of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum isolated from chicken and humans as candidates for probiotics. Biodiversitas 24: 5198-5206. Lactiplantibacillus plantarum is commonly analyzed as a potential probiotic. We hereby investigated two strains isolated from chicken crop (Lpb. plantarum F75) and human breast milk (Lpb. plantarum SU-KC1a). Ability to withstand osmotic stress (1.5%, 2.5% or 3.5% of NaCl) and phenol compounds (0.2% or 0.5%), ability to survive gastric juices for a maximum of 120 minutes and bile salt for a maximum 3 hours, as well as susceptibility to 25 antibiotic discs, were compared between both strains. Whole genomes of both strains were sequenced and analyzed in silico to determine the availability of antibiotic-resistance genes as well as the presence of mobile genetic elements and plasmid. Both strains were sensitive to increased concentrations of NaCl and phenol as well as to prolonged exposure to gastric juices. In contrast, both strains could withstand a prolonged exposure of 0.3% of bile salt. Both isolates had similar genome sizes and were susceptible to many tested antibiotics. The detected resistance genes were observed within the chromosomal genomes but no mobile genetic element nor plasmid was found. In conclusion, both strains of Lpb. plantarum displayed several characteristics of beneficial bacteria and could be used as probiotic candidates for poultry and human beings, respectively.
Antimicrobial and FAD synthetases modulating activities of leporins A-C isolated from the sponge-associated fungus Trichoderma sp. FITJE LOSUNG; ELVY L. GINTING; BOBBY ABDJUL; MAGIE M. KAPOJOS; WILMAR MAARISIT; FENY MENTANG; DEISKE A. SUMILAT; WALTER BALANSA; REMY E. P. MANGINDAAN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 12 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d241212

Abstract

Abstract. Losung F, Ginting EL, Abdjul B, Kapojos MM, Maarisit W, Mentang F, Sumilat DA, Balansa W, Mangindaan REP. 2023. Antimicrobial and FAD synthetases modulating activities of leporins A-C isolated from the sponge-associated fungus Trichoderma sp. Biodiversitas 24: 6502-6515. The emergence of microbial resistance poses a formidable threat to human health, requiring the discovery of new antibiotics. In this study, we investigated the antimicrobial potential and molecular structures of the metabolites produced by a sponge's symbiont fungal species, Trichoderma sp., in vitro against S. aureus IAM 12544T and Candida albicans IFM 4954 and in-silico against the emerging antibacterial target, prokaryotic bifunctional synthetases (FADS). The molecular structures were determined using spectroscopic techniques (1D, 2D NMR, HRESIMS), while the assessment of biological activities, physicochemical properties, and molecular modifications was performed through a slightly modified disk agar diffusion method, molecular docking, SwissAdme and pkCMS tools, and bioisosterism, respectively. The analysis of spectroscopic data supported the identification of leporins A-C (1-3) as the metabolites, which exhibited strong binding affinities against the 2X0K protein target (-8.9 to -9.4 kcal/mol). Despite their being slightly weaker than known FADS modulators such as compounds 4 (-10.5 kcal/mol) and 5 (-10.5 kcal/mol), leporins A-C demonstrated a stronger binding affinity than compound 6 (-9.6 to -10.5 kcal/mol). Notably, substituting a methyl group with a fluorine atom in 1-3 resulted in lepofluorins A-C (1a-3a), which exhibited enhanced binding affinities and improved physicochemical properties compared to the existing FADS modulators. These findings suggest that leporins A-C (1-3), particularly lepofluorins A-C (1a-3a), have potential as putative novel modulators of FADS. This study provides valuable insights into the design and development of new antibiotics to combat microbial resistance.

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