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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,269 Documents
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Diversity and habitat characteristics of gastropods and bivalves associated with mangroves on the east coast of Aceh Province, Indonesia ABDUL L. MAWARDI; MUHAMMAD KHALIL; TRI MUSTIKA SARJANI; FAHMY ARMANDA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 9 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240959

Abstract

Abstract. Mawardi AL, Khalil M, Sarjani TM, Armanda F. 2023. Diversity and habitat characteristics of gastropods and bivalves associated with mangroves on the east coast of Aceh Province, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 5146-5154. Mangrove areas are vital for various gastropod and bivalve species as breeding, nursery, and stable nutrient supply grounds. This study aims to understand the habitat characteristics and diversity index of gastropods and bivalves and identify the associated species with mangrove vegetation along the east coast of Aceh Province, Indonesia. This research utilized a survey method with gastropod and bivalve sampling conducted using purposive sampling. Sampling was carried out at 6 research locations with varying environmental conditions. Gastropods and bivalves were collected from each research location using 1 m x 1 m plots. All collected gastropod and bivalve samples were preserved in a 4% formalin solution and later identified at the Biology Laboratory of Samudra University. A total of 5,293 individuals of gastropods and bivalves were found in the research locations, comprising 48 species and 21 families. The diversity index of gastropods and bivalves across all research locations showed a moderate criterion, indicating slight pollution on the east coast of Aceh Province. The highest diversity was observed at location 5, far from settlements and active fishing vessel activities. On the other hand, the lowest diversity was found at location 2, an area with active fishing vessel transportation to and from the fish auction site (TPI).
Short Communication: Vegetation and bird diversity in Pesanggrahan's lowland tropical forest, Malang, Indonesia FATCHUR ROHMAN; NAILUL INSANI; PURWANTO PURWANTO; AGUS DHARMAWAN; INDRA FARDHANI; FARID AKHSANI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 11 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d241138

Abstract

Abstract. Rohman F, Insani N, Purwanto, Dharmawan A, Fardhani I, Akhsani F. 2023. Short Communication: Vegetation and bird diversity in Pesanggrahan's lowland tropical forest, Malang, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 6169-6176. Universitas Negeri Malang proposes the designation of Pesanggrahan Forest as a Forest Area with a Specific Purpose or Kawasan Hutan dengan Tujuan Khusus (KHDTK). This study investigated plant and bird communities in the lowland tropical forest of Pesanggrahan. We observed 31 tree species, with Teak being the most dominant, with a medium level of diversity (H': 1.67) and an uneven distribution (E: 0.48). There were 104 species of shrubs and forest floor plants with a high diversity (H': 3.45) and an even distribution (E: 0.74) and 49 bird species, with some being protected by the Regulation of the Ministry of Environment and Forestry and listed as "vulnerable" or "near threatened" by International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). These findings highlight the importance of the study site for conserving these species and their habitats. The interaction between plants and birds in Pesanggrahan's lowland tropical forest could be preserved by further investigation. This study can serve as preliminary data for future research on the interaction between the plant and bird species in this forest. Therefore, the designation of the forest as a protected area, or KDTK, would help conserve this habitat as one of the last remaining lowland forests on Java Island.
The identification of potato genotype diversity based on morpho-agronomy and nutritional traits in the highland areas of Papua, Indonesia SARASWATI PRABAWARDANI; DARMA J. YOGI; NOUKE L. MAWIKERE; NI MADE GARI; ALCE I. NOYA; SARTJI TABERIMA; IRNANDA AF DJUUNA; FIONA D. N. LUHULIMA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 10 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d241045

Abstract

Abstract. Prabawardani S, Yogi DJ, Mawikere NL, Gari NM, Noya AI, Taberima S, Djuuna IA, Luhulima FDN. 2023. The identification of potato genotype diversity based on morpho-agronomy and nutritional traits in the highland areas of Papua, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 5137-5145. Potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.) are a potential food crop in terms of economic value and food security, and, therefore, its development must be considered. The missionaries introduced several potato genotypes from 1959 to the 1960s in Papua; however, this area has not been widely studied. This research aimed to identify the agro-morphological characteristics and analyze the tuber nutritional traits of potato genotypes. The research was conducted in Mimin Village, Oksop Sub-district, Pegunungan Bintang District of Papua Province, Hungku Village, Anggi Sub-district, Pegunungan Arfak District of West Papua Province. The research in both locations was designed using a descriptive method, and the samples were collected based on the random sampling technique. There were 2 potato genotypes found in Mimin (KM-O and KP-O) and 5 in Hungku (KM-A, KH-A, KP-A, KB-A, and KT-A) with quite diverse traits, particularly in tuber components. With several prominent morphological characters, potato genotypes from Hungku (KM-A, KBH-A, KT-A) produced the highest yields (0.8 kg/plant). Based on the agro-morphological and nutritional characteristics, it shows the formation of two main clusters with a dissimilarity index of Squared Euclidean Distance ranging from 6.112 to 46,643. Cluster one consisted of genotypes KM-O, KP-O, KM-A, and KH-A, and cluster two consisted of KP-A, KBH-A, and KT-A genotypes, and the dissimilarity mainly lies in the yield and nutrient characters. Based on the nutrient analysis, the highest dry matter content was found in KH-A. The highest starch content was in KP-O and KBH-A, and the highest reducing sugar was in KM-A. The potato genotype with the lowest reducing sugar content was KP-A. Each potato genotype shows various agro-morphological and nutritional characteristics that can be used as a basis material for plant breeding.
Effect of lactic acid bacteria and Bacillus on anthracnose disease in postharvest papaya fruit QUACH VAN CAO THI; TRAN QUOC DUNG; NGUYEN THI NHU HUYNH; NGUYEN TRUNG TRUC; NGUYEN PHUONG THUY
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 11 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d241106

Abstract

Abstract. Thi QVC, Dung TQ, Huynh NTN, Truc NT, Thuy NP. 2023. Effect of lactic acid bacteria and Bacillus on anthracnose disease in postharvest papaya fruit. Biodiversitas 24: 5883-5894. Anthracnose disease of papaya fruit caused by Colletotrichum (isolate TD1), identified by 5.8S rRNA sequence homology, is a main obstacle in papaya fruit, influencing fruit quality and minimizing shelf life. Therefore, to diminish the disease and sustain the fruit quality, the impact of Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) and Bacillus on the growth of anthracnose disease and fruit quality was investigated in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, 13 LAB and 12 Bacillus isolates were collected from traditional fermented vegetables and papaya rhizospheric soils. The results showed that 13 LAB isolates and 6 isolates of Bacillus were inhibitory against Colletotrichum in an in vitro test. Two isolates of LDC11 and BHL21 with the highest antifungal activity were selected to evaluate their effect on Colletotrichum growth and papaya fruit quality under in vivo conditions. These findings indicated that the isolates LDC11 and BHL21 at a density of 106 CFU/mL reduced the disease incidence and severity. The LAB and Bacillus treated papaya fruit increased a number of parameters, such as weight loss, TSS, and L*, a*, and b* values. However, vitamin C content, TA, and fruit firmness were reduced compared to the control. The research shows a potential applications of LAB and Bacillus in the postharvest preservation of papaya fruit. To our knowledge, this is the first study to apply Bacillus and LAB bacteria to control diseases in postharvest papaya in Vietnam.
Assessing the taxonomic identity and distribution of endemic and critically endangered Cynometra cebuensis F. Seid. (Fabaceae) in Cebu Island, Philippines EDGARDO P. LILLO; ARCHIEBALD B. MALAKI; STEVE MICHAEL T. ALCAZAR; MARIA LEVY M. CHAVEZ; DEMETRIO M. CAÑARIJO III; ERWIN M. PANTINOPLE; BERNARDO R. REDOBLADO; MARVIN A. MARGATE; JOHN LOU DIAZ; KRISTEL MAY C. FLORES; JESSA MARIE P. LILLO; CHRISTINE FAYE O. GONZAGA; RAAMAH ROSALES; ARNALDO ALMIRANTE; CHRISTINE JOY TOMOL
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 9 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240927

Abstract

Abstract. Lillo EP, Malaki AB, Alcazar SMT, Chavez MLM, Cañarijo III DM, Pantinople EM, Redoblado BR, Margate MA, Diaz JL, Flores KMC, Lillo JMP, Gonzaga CFO, Rosales R, Almirante A, Tomol CJ. 2023. Assessing the taxonomic identity and distribution of endemic and critically endangered Cynometra cebuensis F. Seid. (Fabaceae) in Cebu Island, Philippines. Biodiversitas 24: 4854-4861. Cynometra cebuensis F. Seid. is a newly discovered species and considered endemic to Cebu Island, Philippines. Yet, it faces extinction threats, making it a critically endangered species. Information on the taxonomical certainty and geographical ranges is important to facilitate its protection and conservation. Therefore, this study focuses on the identification and distribution of C. cebuensis in Cebu Island, Philippines. Field surveys were conducted across various Key Biodiversity Areas and the Cebu Central Protected Landscape, specifically the Tabunan forest, to ascertain the distribution of these species. The Leaf Architectural Working Group Manual was employed to meticulously describe leaf characteristics, supplemented by information from published literature. Contrary to previous assumptions that C. cebuensis F. Seid. exclusively inhabited the Tabunan forest within Cebu Central Protected Landscape, this study reveals its presence in multiple areas outside Tabunan. Notably, C. cebuensis F. Seid. displays several distinct characteristics that differentiate it from other congeners, encompassing leaf structure, shape, fruit dimensions, growth patterns, and a unique identification key. Given its confinement to Cebu Island, C. cebuensis F. Seid. is acknowledged as an endemic species. Accurate identification of this species assumes pivotal importance in steering effective conservation endeavors. However, its distribution is observed to be confined to a few remaining forested patches. This emphasizes the urgency of safeguarding the Key Biodiversity Areas within Cebu Island, Philippines, where the exclusive presence of C. cebuensis F. Seid. has been ascertained.
The diversity, lexicon and cultural practices of family medicinal plants by Tetun Tribe in Malaka, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia HESTIYANA HESTIYANA; MAXIMUS M. TAEK; RIANI RIANI; JAHDIAH JAHDIAH; RISSARI YAYUK
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 10 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d241018

Abstract

Abstract. Hestiyana, Taek MM, Riani, Jahdiah, Yayuk R. 2023. The diversity, lexicon and cultural practices of family medicinal plants by Tetun Tribe in Malaka, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 5359-5367. Medicinal plants are part of traditional culture used by humans to cure illness and improve health. The knowledge, perception and tradition of medicinal plants are unique to certain ethnic groups and therefore imbedded in the local language and passed down for generations. This study aims to describe the diversity and lexicon of family medicinal plants (TOGA) and its cultural practices by Tetun ethnic in Malaka District, East Nusa Tenggara Province, Indonesia. This study used a qualitative descriptive method with an ethnolinguistic approach and combined primary and secondary data. Primary data was collected by documenting a list of lexicons of medicinal plants in TOGA by the Tetun ethnic obtained from traditional healers, old people and community leaders through a series of interviews in the field. Secondary data was obtained from published sources related to this theme of research. The results of the study show that there are 32 lexicons of medicinal plants used by Tetun Tribe. These lexicons can be classified as basic words or monomorphemics (20 plants) and phrases (12 plants). Medicinal plant parts used include roots, rhizomes, tubers, stems, bark, leaves, flowers, fruits and seeds. Methods of preparation of medicinal plants are by boiling, grinding, then rubbing on the affected body part, chewing and brewing with hot water. The Tetun’s knowledge of health benefits of medicinal plants is in line with scientific evidences.
The first occurrence of Kemp’s Ridley turtle (Lepidochelys kempii) in Raja Ampat, Indonesia FERLIANA WIDAYSARI; AJI NUGROHO; GULAM ARAFAT; RAHMADI SUNOKO; RUDI ALEX WAHYUDIN; MOHAMMAD SAYUTI; ELISA BAKKULA; FERDIEL BALLAMU
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 9 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240936

Abstract

Abstract. Widaysari F, Nugroho A, Arafat G, Sunoko R, Wahyudin RA, Sayuti M, Bakkula E, Ballamu F. 2023. The first occurrence of Kemp’s Ridley turtle (Lepidochelys kempii) in Raja Ampat, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 4934-4942. Territory Indonesian waters are one of the waters in Southeast Asia that have been a turtle habitat; six of the seven types of turtles live in these waters, and Kemp ridley's turtle (Lepidochelys kempii) is the seventh reported to have recently emerged. The research objectives of the study were to identify the area location emergence of Kemp’s Ridley turtle, determine morphology, and release Kemp’s Ridley turtle. Location identification was based on the Raja Ampat District Central Statistics Agency data. Visual identification of turtles proceeds by looking at their morphology, namely carapace shape, number of vertebral and costal scutes, the form of the plastron, number of inframarginal scutes, and appearance of head shape juxtaposed on External Morphology. The water area where Kemp’s Ridley turtle was found had a constant temperature, moderate wind speed, high humidity, and rainfall. The results of identifying the turtle morphology matched Kemp’s Ridley turtle. After outreach to the community, Kemp’s Ridley turtles were released into nature. The first appearance of the Kemp’s Ridley turtle in Indonesia is undoubtedly an exciting study material for further study regarding the migration map, distribution, and other factors that cause changes in its migration.
Curcuma suraponii sp. nov. (Zingiberaceae), a new species of Curcuma subgen. Curcuma from Thailand THAWATPHONG BOONMA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 9 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240931

Abstract

Abstract. Boonma T. 2023. Curcuma suraponii sp. nov. (Zingiberaceae), a new species of Curcuma subgen. Curcuma from Thailand. Biodiversitas 24: 4885-4895. A new species, Curcuma suraponii Boonma sp. nov. has been collected in Tak Province, Northern Thailand during an exploration of Zingiberaceae diversity. This species belongs to the family Zingiberaceae and the genus Curcuma subgen. Curcuma. The plant materials were collected from their natural habitats and measurements were recorded from both living and preserved specimens. This species bears resemblance to Curcuma rubrobracteata Škorni?ková, Sabu & Prasanth, but differs in certain morphological characteristics and does not match any existing species. Therefore, the author described it as a new species to science under the name Curcuma suraponii Boonma. The description includes detailed information on its morphological characteristics, supported by illustrations, and provides the vernacular name, ecology, phenology, traditional utilization, conservation status, distribution map, and a comparative table to highlight its differences with allied species. Additionally, a revised key of 29 species within the Curcuma subgen. Curcuma in Thailand is also presented.
Abundance and factors affecting the appearance of Siamese fireback and Red junglefowl in the lowland forest of Thailand RONGLARP SUKMASUANG; PHRAEMAI CHAISOMBOON; PAANWARIS PAANSRI; YONGYUT TRISURAT; PEMIKA KANKA; NORASET KHIOWSREE; BUNYATHIPORN KAEWDEE; KITTIWARA SIRIPATTANUKUL; ANDAMAN CHANKHAO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 10 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d241054

Abstract

Abstract. Sukmasuang R, Chaisomboon P, Paansri P, Trisurat Y, Kanka P, Khiowsree N, Kaewdee B, Siripattanukul K, Chankhao A. 2023. Abundance and factors affecting the appearance of Siamese fireback and Red junglefowl in the lowland forest of Thailand. Biodiversitas 24: 5718-5730. Pheasants are indeed important species in various ecosystems. Studies of the abundance and factors influencing the presence of pheasant species have been conducted in the lowland areas of the Khao Ang Rue Nai Wildlife Sanctuary, Thailand, using camera trapping and species distribution models. A total of 23 factors, 2 bio-physiological, 2 geophysical, and 19 climate factors, were used to analyze in this study. The study revealed the presence of only two species of pheasants in the surveyed area, namely the Siamese fireback (Lophura diardi) and the Red junglefowl (Gallus gallus). The encounter rates were calculated as 1.74 photos per 100 trap nights for the Siamese fireback and 2.28 photos per 100 trap nights for the Red junglefowl. The factors influencing the presence of both Siamese fireback and the Red junglefowl were climate factors followed by biophysical and topography factors, respectively. The study's results highlight the importance of climate factors to the appearance of the pheasants, even in lowland areas. The results showed that the both pheasants responded more positively to the secondary forests, the grassland followed by dry dipterocarp forest than to other forest types. Therefore, conservation efforts to protect the areas inside are crucial for conserving the species' population.
Floristic diversity and composition of heath forest in Kuala Tambangan Village, Tanah Laut District, Indonesia MOCHAMAD ARIEF SOENDJOTO; MAULANA KHALID RIEFANI; SHERLI DIANA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 10 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d241024

Abstract

Abstract. Soendjoto MA, Riefani MK, Diana S. 2023. Floristic diversity and composition of heath forest in Kuala Tambangan Village, Tanah Laut District, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 5418-5427. Heath forest (kerangas) is a unique ecosystem characterized with sandy soil with poor nutrients. This harsh condition makes heath forest has unique vegetation diversity as well as vulnerable to disturbances. In South Kalimantan, there is a heath forest located in Kuala Tambangan, Tanah Laut District which has never been explored. The research aims to analyze the diversity and composition of vegetation community in heath forest in Kuala Tambangan and identify factors that have the potential to damage the forest. Data was collected using the transect method placed at three sites in the heath forest. Along each transect, 10 observation plots with size 20 m × 20 m were established to record woody plants at the tree level. Within this plot, nested plots with size of 10 m × 10 m was created to record plants at pole level, 5 m × 5 m for saplings and herbaceous plants and 2 m × 2 m for seedlings, ferns and grasses. In total, there were 85 plant species across all observation plots with 79 species were found in the heath soils. Some typical heath forest species were found such as Melaleuca sp., Baeckea frutescens L. and Cratoxylum formosum (Jack) Benth. & Hook.fil. ex Dyer. Important Value Index (IVI) as well as Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H') varied, both by plant group and by study site. For example, the highest IVI of the tree group belonged to Acacia crassicarpa A.Cunn. ex Benth. and Acacia mangium Willd., and for pole level was Melaleuca sp. The lowest diversity occurred at Site B, while the highest was at Site C. The results on vegetation diversity, structure and composition suggest that this forest is in degraded condition. Fires and land conversion are factors that threaten the existence of heath forest in Kuala Tambangan. Our findings recommend the needs of efforts to protect and restore this unique ecosystem.

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