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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,269 Documents
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Plant diversity on coffee agroforestry land in the buffer zone of Bromo Tengger Semeru National Park in East Java, Indonesia HASAN ZAYADI; LUCHMAN HAKIM; SUDARTO SUDARTO; JATI BATORO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 3 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250316

Abstract

Abstract. Zayadi H, Hakim L, Sudarto, Batoro J. 2024. Plant diversity on coffee agroforestry land in the buffer zone of Bromo Tengger Semeru National Park in East Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 1030-1036. Bromo Tengger Semeru National Park (BTSNP) is facing threats to biodiversity due to land transfer functions and sand mining in rural areas. Land use conversion and sand mining in rural areas near BTSNP and Perhutani are threatening biodiversity through activities like land degradation, deforestation, forest depletion, and global climate change impacting local agriculture. Coffee farms in Poncokusumo and Wajak have been abandoned, leading to a decline in coffee farming and other agricultural commodities. Coffee-based agroforestry systems have been implemented to address this issue and improve soil fertility and vegetation diversity. This research aimed to identify and analyze plant diversity in coffee agroforestry land in BTNSP. The study was carried out in January-December 2022 in the village districts of Poncokusumo Sub-district (Sumberejo) and Wajak Sub-district of Malang District, which borders directly with BTSNP, collecting flora compositions and classifying them based on growth rate. The study identified 27 orders, 38 families, and 71 species of plants in the coffee fields. The presence of various plant species in the coffee fields contributes to the ecosystem's stability and the soil's quality. This research highlights the importance of the agroforestry system in promoting biodiversity conservation and sustainable coffee farming in the BTSNP area.
Measuring indices of fish community structure in Fisheries Management Area 713 (FMA 713), Indonesia EKO SRI WIYONO; MUKTI ZAINUDDIN; MEGA LAKSMI SYAMSUDDIN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 5 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250501

Abstract

Abstract. Wiyono ES, Zainuddin M, Syamsuddin ML. 2024. Measuring indices of fish community structure in Fisheries Management Area 713 (FMA 713), Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 1857-1866. Understanding the dynamic of the fish community structure over time and space is a fundamental interest and an important component of fisheries science and management. To optimize the utilization of catch species in Fisheries Management Area 713 (FMA 713), the second productive area in Indonesian Waters, we measured the indices of fish community structure in the area. The study analyzed e-log-book fish data introduced by the Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries, Republic of Indonesia (MMAF RI). We studied the composition, productivity, diversity, interaction, and cluster indices to describe the fish community in the study area. The result analysis confirmed that fish composition differed between seasons and reached its highest amount during the west monsoon (WM) season. However, the highest productivity occurred during the east monsoon (EM) season. The diversity of the diversity indices in the study area reached its highest during the WM season and lowest during the second transition (ST) season. In general, there is no significant interaction between most of the catch species. Since the fish community is dynamic seasonally, the fishermen's fishing ground also indicated seasonal movement. During WM and EM seasons, the fishing ground tends to concentrate in the coastal area of Kalimantan. Still, during the transition season, the fishing ground tends to scatter. Therefore, to utilize the fish community results, optimizing fishing was proposed.
Pollinator insects in the Mount Tumpa Forest Park, Manado, North Sulawesi, Indonesia RONI KONERI; MARNIX D. LANGOY; MEIS J. NANGOY; WAKHID WAKHID
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 6 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250610

Abstract

Abstract. Koneri R, Langoy MD, Nangoy MJ, Wakhid. 2024. Pollinator insects in the Mount Tumpa Forest Park, Manado, North Sulawesi, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 2415-2426. This study aimed to analyze the diversity and distribution of pollinator insects in forest, forest edge, shrub, and agricultural land around the Mount Tumpa Forest Park, Manado, North Sulawesi, Indonesia, using the scan sampling method. Data analysis included species abundance, species dominance, richness index, diversity index, species evenness index, correlation between environmental factors, species diversity, and composition of pollinator insect species among habitats. Therefore, 17 families were reported, comprising 103 species and 3,665 individuals. The family with the highest number and most frequently encountered was Nymphalidae (25 species). Furthermore, the highest species richness and diversity indices were found in the forest edge habitat. Environmental factor analysis indicated that agricultural land habitat was characterized by high air temperature and low humidity. The species distribution found three patterns: clustered, regular, and random. The results showed that the forest edge habitat had the highest diversity due to complex vegetation structure and environmental factors supporting the survival of pollinator insects.
Short Communication: Habitat preferences of epiphytic orchids and potential pollinators in Sumber Pawon Forest, Kediri District, East Java, Indonesia STEVANUS R. T. PUTRA; INDAH TRISNAWATI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 6 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250649

Abstract

Abstract. Putra SRT, Trisnawati I. 2024. Short Communication: Habitat preferences of epiphytic orchids and potential pollinators in Sumber Pawon Forest, Kediri District, East Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 2780-2787. Sumber Pawon Forest, a unique and biodiverse ecosystem in Kediri, Indonesia, is home to approximately 30,000 orchids (family Orchidaceae), which can grow terrestrial or as epiphytes. A diversity of different taxa has been recorded as orchid pollinators. The distribution of epiphytic orchids in this forest is determined by habitat preferences including vertical distribution zone and host tree's characteristics. This research, conducted in the captivating Sumber Pawon Forest, aims to determine habitat preferences influencing the abundance of epiphytic orchids and provide a review of potential epiphytic orchid pollinators. The data were collected by systematic sampling method. Analysis of epiphytic orchids' habitat preferences was done using the ordination method. The study found 3 epiphytic orchids and 5 species of host trees, revealing new insights into their distribution. Epiphytic orchids include Cymbidium sp., Dendrobium crumenatum, and Rhynchostylis retusa. The host trees include Alstonia scholaris, Artocarpus elasticus, Bischofia javanica, Ficus elastica, and Samanea saman. Epiphytic orchids were mainly found in zone 4 rather than in zone 5. The characteristics of host trees, which are preferentially selected by epiphytic orchids, include tree height (ranging from 28.65 to 33.65 m), large DBH (ranging from 165.61 to 175.80 m), and closed canopy cover (ranging from 51 to 75%). One of the pollinator taxa (named Hymenoptera) was found to pollinate epiphytic orchid species, adding to our understanding of their ecological interactions.
Seasonal species composition, abundance and public health importance of mosquito vectors (Diptera: Culicidae) in Huai Tha Khoei Reservoir, Ratchaburi, Thailand TANAWAT CHAIPHONGPACHARA; SEDTHAPONG LAOJUNA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 3 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250343

Abstract

Abstract. Chaiphongpachara T, Laojuna S. 2024. Seasonal species composition, abundance and public health importance of mosquito vectors (Diptera: Culicidae) in Huai Tha Khoei Reservoir, Ratchaburi, Thailand. Biodiversitas 25: 1264-1275. Mosquitoes are vectors for pathogens that cause life-threatening diseases in humans and animals. Significant mosquito-borne diseases include malaria, dengue, chikungunya, Zika, Japanese encephalitis, and filariasis. Anthropogenic environmental changes can significantly impact the dynamics of disease vector populations, which can lead to outbreaks of mosquito-borne diseases. This study investigated the seasonal variation in species composition and abundance of mosquito vectors around the Huai Tha Khoei Reservoir in Ratchaburi Province, Thailand, across cool, hot, and rainy seasons. A total of 1363 mosquitoes, representing 30 species from five genera, were collected. In particular, 25 of these species, accounting for 83.33% of the total, were identified as vectors of human pathogens. The most dominant species across all seasons was Culex tritaeniorhynchus Giles 1901, representing 39.47% (n=538) of the total, followed by Anopheles barbirostris Wulp 1884 s.l. (14.38%, n = 196) and Culex vishnui Theobald 1901 (9.02%, n=123). The Shannon diversity index was highest during the rainy season (H’= 2.144) and lowest in the hot season (H’=1.788). This is consistent with the results of the UPGMA tree based on beta diversity, indicating that mosquito diversity in the rainy season differs significantly from that in the cool and hot seasons. The findings enhance our understanding of the impact of seasonality on mosquito vectors in this region, which is crucial for developing effective disease control strategies. Additionally, this study serves as a valuable reference for understanding the diversity of mosquito vectors in other areas.
Variation in symptoms and morphology of Fusarium spp. on shallot associated with basal plate rot disease in Brebes District, Central Java Province, Indonesia LISA MARIANAH; ABDJAD ASIH NAWANGSIH; ABDUL MUNIF; GIYANTO GIYANTO; EFI TODING TONDOK
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 5 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250538

Abstract

Abstract. Marianah L, Nawangsih AA, Munif A, Giyanto, Tondok ET. 2024. Variation in symptoms and morphology of Fusarium spp. on shallot associated with basal plate rot disease in Brebes District, Central Java Province, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 2198-2208. Basal plate rot disease is an important disease of shallots that causes losses in the field and storage. The disease is caused by Fusarium complex species, with different levels of virulence and host susceptibility. The six species of Fusarium spp. reported to cause basal plate rot disease of onion were F. oxysporum f.sp. cepae, F. proliferatum, F. redolens, F. solani, F. acutatum and F. tricinctum. Information about the variation in symptoms and morphology of fungi that cause basal plate rot disease on shallots, especially in Indonesia, is still very limited. Besides, the species that cause basal plate rot disease on shallots has not been molecularly confirmed using specific primers. The objective of this study was to isolate, identify, and study the variation in symptoms of the fungus associated with basal plate rot disease. The fungi were isolated from shallot plants symptomatic of basal plate rot disease collected from Brebes, Central Java Province. Eight isolates of Fusarium with different morphologies were successfully isolated and identified. Five isolates were identified as F. solani (isolate BC1, BC2, BC3, BBS1, and BBS4), two isolates as F. oxysporum f.sp. cepae (isolate BC4 and BBS6) and one isolate F. proliferatum (isolate BBS5). All eight isolates were pathogenic on shallots with different levels of virulence and symptom variations. BC4 isolate had the highest level of virulence, resulting in plant death, and was identified as F. oxysporum f.sp. cepae.
Investigation of the effect of electric field on bacteria isolated from skin infection RABAB BASSIM AL-SALAMI; EMAN ABOOB MUKHAIFI; WIJDAN HUSSEIN AL-TAMIMI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 3 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250348

Abstract

Abstract. Al-Salami RB, Mukhaifi EA, Al-Tamimi WH. 2024. Investigation of the effect of electric field on bacteria isolated from skin infection. Biodiversitas 25: 1320-1328. Nineteen bacterial isolates were obtained from twenty-six samples obtained from various patients with skin infections in the current study. These bacteria were identified by a genetic method depending on 16S rRNA and the molecular identification of cna and fnbA genes of Staphylococcus aureus isolates were detected, and an antimicrobial electric field was applied using various voltages and durations to target both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The results showed that Staphylococcus sp. was the most dominant genera, followed its Acinatobacter sp. The high frequent species was Staphylococcus aureus (24%) followed by Staphylococcus epidermidis (21%), Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus argenteus (10.5%), Staphylococcus haemolyticus, Acinetobacter baumannii and Acinetobacter variabilis (5.2%). Eleven new strains were identified and recorded in GenBank. A phylogenetic tree was also constructed based on 16S rRNA gene sequences of isolates to evaluate their close relationship and evolution between them. The bands of each amplified cna and fnbA gene were described at 192 bp and 191 bp respectively. The effect of the antimicrobial electric field showed an extremely high and significant decrease of the viable bacterial count of S. haemolyticus and A. baumannii after the exposure to an electric field of (1-5) V for 15 min, where the viable count of bacteria reduced sharply with percentage bacterial death (19-95%) and (16-100%), respectively, and from (66-100%) and (52-100%) after 30 min, respectively.
Genetic diversity of Guava varieties (Psidium guajava L.) based on morphology and ISSR molecular markers PHAN THI THU HIEN; LE THI TUYET CHAM; VU THI THUY HANG
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 3 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250317

Abstract

Abstract. Hien PTT, Cham LTT, Hang VTT. 2024. Genetic diversity of Guava varieties (Psidium guajava L.) based on morphology and ISSR molecular markers. Biodiversitas 25: 1037-1045. Guava (Psidium guajava L.) is a fleshy-fruited representative belonging to the Myrtaceae family that has attracted attention due to its economic benefits. In this study, seventeen guava varieties in the Mekong Delta and Hanoi were collected and genetically validated by both morphology and DNA markers. The results revealed that fruit shape is a powerful indicator of guava discrimination. There are 12 out of 15 Inter Simple Sequence Repeats (ISSR) markers that show informative band patterns and 93 amplicons are generated with the size in length 200-2000 bp. The average polymorphic band and PIC value are 97.85% and 36%, respectively. Based on the dendrogram constructed by the Unweighted Pair Group Method using arithmetic Averages (UPGMA) method, samples were grouped into two main groups and the similarity level ranged from 55-98%. Group 2 contains Oi Tim (Purple guava), a special variety that showed high differences in terms of morphology and DNA profiles. Such information reflects the diversity of guava germplasm in Viet Nam, which is useful for conservation, and breeding strategies. The result revealed that 11 varieties expressed genetic diversity through both phenotypic traits and DNA profiles. Such information illustrates the genetic diversity among Psidium guajava, contributing to germplasm resources and plant breeding programs.
Agroforestry suitability evaluation using remote sensing in Jatiyoso Sub-district, Karanganyar District, Central Java, Indonesia SNADA INDAH TUK NEGARI; SESILIA RETNO AYU NINGTYAS; ZAHRA HANUN; MUHAMMAD NUR SULTON; LIA KUSUMANINGRUM; MUHAMMAD INDRAWAN; SUGIYARTO SUGIYARTO; SUTOMO SUTOMO; AHMAD DWI SETYAWAN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 12 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d241239

Abstract

Abstract. Negari SIT, Ningtyas SRA, Hanun Z, Sulton MN, Kusumaningrum L, Indrawan M, Sugiyarto, Sutomo, Setyawan AD. 2023. Agroforestry suitability evaluation using remote sensing in Jatiyoso Sub-district, Karanganyar District, Central Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 6761-6769. Agroforestry systems are critical for biodiversity conservation, land degradation mitigation, and climate change mitigation. This agroforestry approach reduces forest degradation, boosts food security, and gradually raises farmers' income. This study uses remote sensing and Geographic Information System (GIS) modeling tools to analyze land potential and agroforestry status in Jatiyoso Sub-district, Karanganyar District, Central Java, Indonesia. The data used in the analysis support data for soil fertility index, rainfall, Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) satellite image data, and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI). Modeling was done by integrating various thematic layers in the GIS domain. Weighting was also carried out in the analysis of land suitability. The mapping results in Jatiyoso Sub-district, Karanganyar District, showed that 18.1% (13.49 km2) had high potential as agroforestry areas, 54.9% (40.95 km2) had medium potential, and 27% (20.18 km2) had low potential. As a result, using remote sensing and GIS to determine suitable land for agroforestry could significantly impact the community, particularly farmers, landowners, and foresters, in the decision-making process for developing agroforestry systems and practices and estimating important productivity indicators. The most promising and appropriate agroforestry plants developed in Jatiyoso Sub-district are medicinal plants, but agricultural commodities like cloves, bananas, and vegetables are also present.
Carbon stock, density, and biomass of seagrass in South Bangka, Indonesia OKTO SUPRATMAN; ARTHUR MUHAMMAD FARHABY; HENRI HENRI; MAHARRANI UTAMININGSIH SEPTIYATI; WAHYU ADI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 4 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250444

Abstract

Abstract. Supratman O, Farhaby AM, Henri, Septiyati MU, Adi W. 2024. Carbon stock, density, and biomass of seagrass in South Bangka, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 1736-1742. As a component of the carbon ecosystem, seagrass meadows play a crucial role in preventing climatic change. The execution of Indonesian programs pertaining to carbon economic value, carbon trading, and other endeavors aimed at attaining the Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) requires estimated data on seagrass carbon stocks. The present study investigates the seagrass density, vegetation carbon stock, and sediment carbon stock of South Bangka, Indonesia. The investigation is carried out in the following stages: i) data collection on-site, ii) laboratory sample analysis, and iii) data analysis. The accumulation of data on-site utilizes a square transect method, which includes the gathering of sediment, sample biomass, and density information. The carbon composition of sediment and seagrass vegetation is ascertained through laboratory analysis employing the Loss of Ignition (LOI) method. The investigation uncovered eight species of seagrass in South Bangka. Cymondocea rotundata, Enhalus acoroides, Halophila ovalis, Halodule pinifolia, Halodule uninervis, Oceana serrulata, Siringodium isotifolium, and Thalassia Hemprichii are the identified species of seagrass. In South Bangka, the combined carbon stock of seagrass (above and below ground carbon) varies between 0.049±0.057 and 1.323±1.581 Mg C Ha-1. The range of sediment carbon is 110.53±42.07 Mg Corg Ha-1 extrapolated to a depth of 1 m. The results of this study suggest that the seagrass meadows in South Bangka are characterized by a significant species diversity and effectively sequester carbon in the form of biomass and sediment. This supports the National Climate Change Mitigation Program for Blue Carbon Ecosystems, an initiative that seeks to mitigate the adverse effects of climate change by utilizing the carbon sequestration capabilities of mangrove forests, seagrass meadows, and tidal marshes.

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