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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,259 Documents
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R E V I E W: In Vitro Selection and Somaclonal Variation for Biotic and Abiotic Stress Tolerance ENDANG GATI LESTARI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 7 No. 3 (2006)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d070320

Abstract

As an alternative technology, plant improvement through somaclonal variation is expected to support conventional breeding. New superior variants with a better performance and more attractive texture could be obtained through this method. To enhance genetic variation, both physical and chemical treatments such as gamma ray (Co60) and Ethyl Methane Sulphonate (EMS) compound could be applied. In particular for vegetative propagated plants, in vitro induced mutation is the most effective method to improve variation. For obtaining the desired characteristic of plant, in vitro selection is the best method due to its capability to manipulate the variation to the expected result. Therefore, by applying the selection agent to the media, plant tolerance to both abiotic and biotic could be acquired. Generally, the tolerance at the callus level at the specific selection agent is positively correlated with the tolerance at the plant level. At this point, PEG (polyethylene glycol) and manitol is chemical compound useful for drought tolerance, fusaric or filtrate is for fusarium wilt, A1Cl3.6H2O is for Al tolerance. © 2006 Jurusan Biologi FMIPA UNS Surakarta Key words: somaclonal variation, in vitro selection, induced mutation.
The direct exploitation in the mangrove ecosystem in Central Java and the land use in its surrounding; degradation and its restoration effort AHMAD DWI SETYAWAN; KUSUMO WINARNO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 7 No. 3 (2006)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d070318

Abstract

The aims of the research were to find out (i) the direct exploitation in the mangrove ecosystem, (ii) the land use in its surrounding, and (iii) the restoration activities in the mangrove ecosystem in northern coast and southern coast of Central Java Province. This was descriptive research that was done qualitatively, in July until December 2003, at 20 sites of mangrove habitat. The data was collected in field surveys, in-depth interview to local people and/or local government, and examination of topographic maps of Java (1963-1965) and digital satellite image of Landsat 7 TM (July-September 2001). The result indicated that the direct exploitation in the mangrove ecosystem included fishery, forestry, food stuff, cattle woof, medicinal stuff, industrial material, and also tourism and education. The land use around mangrove ecosystem included fishery/embankment, agriculture, and the area of developing and building. The anthropogenic activities had been degraded mangrove ecosystem, it was called for restoration. The mangrove restoration had been done success in Pasar Banggi, but it failed in Cakrayasan and Lukulo.© 2006 Jurusan Biologi FMIPA UNS SurakartaKey words: direct use, land use, mangrove ecosystem, degradation, restoration, Central Java Province.
R E V I E W: Species definition of procaryotes based on 16S rRNA and protein coding genes sequence ARTINI PANGASTUTI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 7 No. 3 (2006)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d070319

Abstract

Until now it is complicated for demarcating species of prokaryotes. The 16S rRNA gene sequence provide phylogenetic basis for classification. It has been widely accepted that more than 97% similarity in 16S rRNA gene sequence is a species definition for prokaryotes. However, this criterion can not correspond to real ecological unit, thus can not reveal the functional diversity in nature. The interaction with the environment is defined at the level of functional genes, not 16S rRNA gene. Protein-coding genes sequence can be expected to disclose much previously unknown ecological population of prokaryotes. These are the genes that determine the role of the species. Sequence similarity in multiple protein-coding genes is recommended as a primary criterion for demarcating taxa. © 2006 Jurusan Biologi FMIPA UNS Surakarta Key words: species definition, 16S rRNA, procaryotes, systematics
Candida sp. yeast solubilizing phosphate isolated from soil in Wamena Biological Garden, Papua ATIT KANTI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 7 No. 2 (2006)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d070202

Abstract

Twenty isolates of yeast were isolated from soil of Wamena Biological Garden. Out of 20 isolates tested, 3 isolates were able to increase solubility of Ca3(PO4)2), as indicated by formation of clearing zone surrounding growing colonies. Nutrient of media, which was mainly contained of glucose (20%), were metabolically converted into of either biomass or and metabolic product that may have cause a change of pH profile, and biomass during cell cultivation. Conversely, pH of media decreased during cell cultivation, and that may have cause acceleration of Ca3(PO4)2) dissolution, which have resulted in an increased of ortho-fosfat in the bulk solution during cell growth. The three isolates having ability of accelerating Ca3(PO4)2) dissolution belonging to genera of Candida. The three isolates have ability to solubilize about 5-6 mg/L-P, with phosphomonoesterase activity of about 0.10-0.65 unit. Ecological incentive of Fosfat solubilizing yeasts in soil ecosystem are enormous, among other is provision of available P for plant growth and for other soil microorganism. © 2006 Jurusan Biologi FMIPA UNS SurakartaKey words: yeast, Candida, yeast solubilizing phosphate, Wamena Biological Garden.
Selection of potential microorganism for sago starch fermentation RUTH MELLIAWATI; ROHMATUSSOLIHAT ROHMATUSSOLIHAT; FERRA OCTAVINA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 7 No. 2 (2006)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d070201

Abstract

Fermentation process of sago starch for the production of bioproduct requires potential microorganism that have ability to hydrolyze sago starch. The purpose of this research was to get the potential of amylolytic microorganisms for their capability of amyloglucosidase activity and to know the sugar strains of the fermentation result. Eleven amylolytic microorganisms (9 strains of mold and 2 strains of yeast) were obtained from the collection Research Centre for Biotechnology – Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI), Cibinong-Bogor were used. The selection step was carried out based on their capability of starch hydrolysis to reducing sugar. The best result indicates that the production of reducing sugar reached the highest 18.485 ppm and amyloglucosidase activities was 3.583 units by KTU-1 strain. The highest total acid obtained was 5.85 mg/mL by Rhizopus IFO.R5442. The cell biomass was obtained between 0.5 to 1.74 g dry weight/100 mL and pH of the final fermentation (72 h) were 3.57 to 8.38.© 2006 Jurusan Biologi FMIPA UNS SurakartaKey words: sago starch, fermentation, potential microorganism, bioproduct.
The population of phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB) from Cikaniki, Botol Mountain, and Ciptarasa Area, and the ability of PSB to solubilize insoluble P in solid pikovskaya medium SRI WIDAWATI; SULIASIH SULIASIH
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 7 No. 2 (2006)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d070203

Abstract

Phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB) were collected from plant rhizosphere at Cikaniki (1100 m asl.), soil at Botol Mountain (1000, 1500, and 1800 m asl.), and Ciptarasa (600, 1000, and 1500 m asl.), area at Gunung Halimun National Park (GHNP). The soil ware collected randomly from 3 areas and taken from 0-15 cm depth in the plants rhizosphere at Cikaniki and forest floor soil in Gunung Botol and Ciptarasa. The result showed that the difference of elevation area, soil pH, forest vegetation, and microbial habitat (rhizosphere and forest floor) were not the inhabitation factors of the biodiversity of PSB and their ability to solubilize insoluble phosphate, but the inhabitation factors on the growth of the PSB population. The highest population of PSB at GHNP was founded in the plant rhizosphere of Altingia exelsa Norona and Schima wallichii (Dc.) Korth (107sel/g soil) at Cikaniki and in the forest floor soil (108sel/g soil) at Botol Mountain (1000 m asl.). Pseudomonas sp., Bacillus sp., Bacillus megaterium, and Chromobacterium sp. dominated Cikaniki, Botol Mountain and Ciptarasa area. Those isolates could solubilize insoluble phosphate on solid Pikovskaya medium with the range of diameter is 1.5-2.5 cm. © 2006 Jurusan Biologi FMIPA UNS SurakartaKey words: phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB), Cikaniki, Gunung Botol, and Ciptarasa area.
Use of local isolate of Monascus purpureus for reducing blood cholesterol in Sprague Dawley rat ERNAWATI KASIM; YETY KURNIAWATI; NOVIK NURHIDAYAT
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 7 No. 2 (2006)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d070206

Abstract

Research using local isolate of M. purpureus to reduce the blood cholesterol total on the white rats of Sprague Dawley strain had been done. The research proposed was to obtain the best doses of fermented rice contain lovastatin to reduce the blood cholesterol content of the white rats Sprague Dawley strain. The research used 42 male rats which was devided into 6 treatments based on the food and fermented rice doses. Each rat was 2 months and 250 gram in weight. The cholesterol food and the standard food given everyday for 20 gram/day/rat. The blood rats was measured the content of cholesterol every seven days for 21 days. The result showed that the lovastatin of the fermented rice could reduce 20,78% the blood cholesterol total of the white rats Sprague Dawley strain. © 2006 Jurusan Biologi FMIPA UNS SurakartaKey words: Monascus purpureus , kolesterol, tikus putih galur Sprague Dawley
Viability of encapsulated Lactobacillus sp. Mar 8 EVI TRIANA; EKO YULIANTO; NOVIK NURHIDAYAT
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 7 No. 2 (2006)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d070204

Abstract

Lactobacillus sp. Mar 8 had advantages as probiotic digestive system cholesterol lowering Lactobacillus. Applying in industry, particular processing technique is necessary for gaining product that ready for marketing and consuming. Spray drying is common technique using in various food processing. High processing temperature, 100-200oC, for 3-10 second become the barrier because cells were under extreme temperature stress. Therefore, encapsulate was needed to protect the cells from those extreme conditions. Viability and survival rate of encapsulated Lactobacillus sp. Mar 8 have been investigated. The result showed that Lactobacillus sp. Mar 8 that was encapsulated by 10% skim milk has higher viability than those by 5% skim milk, namely 72.37% and 51.69% respectively. Survival rate of encapsulated Lactobacillus cells will come to zero in 41.28 years. Therefore, encapsulated Lactobacillus sp. Mar 8 may use as probiotic agent. © 2006 Jurusan Biologi FMIPA UNS SurakartaKey words: Lactobacillus sp. Mar 8, viability, spray drying, encapsulation, survival rate.
Physiological test of Lactobacillus sp. Mar 8 probiotic which encapsulated by using spray dryer to reduce cholesterol TITIN YULINERY; EKO YULIANTO; NOVIK NURHIDAYAT
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 7 No. 2 (2006)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d070205

Abstract

The research on physiology test of Lactobacillus sp. Mar 8 probiotic which encapsulated by using spray dryer to reduce cholesterol has been conducted. The aim of the research was to know the influence of encapsulation process on the Lactobacillus cells to its activities on binding cholesterol, the ability to grow of the bacteria on lower pH 1-6 and the growth on Na-taurocholate at 17 mM concentration. The Emulator used was skimmed milk with 5% and 10% in concentration. The result showed that the bacteria used skimmed milk with 10% concentration was remain stable in growing ability such as growing on GYP medium in lower pH (1-6), growing on sodium taurocholate in 17 mM concentration, and the ability on binding cholesterol. So, encapsulated Lactobacillus can be used as probiotic agent to reduce cholesterol. © 2006 Jurusan Biologi FMIPA UNS SurakartaKey words: probiotik, Lactobacillus sp. Mar 8, encapsulation.
The effect of consuming the hypercholesterolemia rationed food to the body weight of white rats wistar with administration of lactic acid bacteria RIANI HARDININGSIH; NOVIK NURHIDAYAT
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 7 No. 2 (2006)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d070207

Abstract

The consumption of food could influence the body weight of organisms. “Hypercholesterolemia rationed food” is the food that increase the cholesterol on blood of rats. The purpose of this research was to study the effect of hypercholesterolemia rationed food to the body weight of white rats wistar with administration of Lactobacillus. In vivo research was done by using thirty rats that devided into three groups. Group I as Negative Control; Group II as Positive Control and Group III as The Treatment. The rat on Group I was given standart rationed food with physiological solution; Group II was given hypercholesterolemia rationed food and Group III was given Hypercholesterolemia rationed food with administration of Lactobacillus. The rationed food was given 20 g/rat/day. The weight of rats were balanced twice a week. The result of this research showed that the hypercholesterolemia rationed food could increase the body weight of rats; and administration of Lactobacillus could not decrease the body weight of rat with hypercholesterolemia rationed food. © 2006 Jurusan Biologi FMIPA UNS SurakartaKey words: hypercholesterolemia rationed food, the body weight, lactic acid bacteria, Lactobacillus

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