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Nusantara Bioscience
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 20873948     EISSN : 20873956     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/nusbiosci
Core Subject : Education,
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Aims and Scope Nusantara Bioscience (Nusantara Biosci) encourages submission of manuscripts dealing with all aspects of biological sciences that emphasize issues germane to biological and nature conservation.
Arjuna Subject : Umum - Umum
Articles 545 Documents
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Botany, morphology, ecology, cultivation, traditional utilization and conservation of andaliman (Zanthoxylum acanthopodium) in North Sumatra, Indonesia YATI NURLAENI; DECKY INDRAWAN JUNAEDI; JOHAN ISKANDAR
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 16 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n160109

Abstract

Abstract. Nurlaeni Y, Junaedi DI, Iskandar J. 2024. Botany, morphology, ecology, cultivation, traditional utilization and conservation of andaliman (Zanthoxylum acanthopodium) in North Sumatra, Indonesia. Nusantara Bioscience 16: 68-80. This study examines the botany, ecology, cultivation, utilization, and traditional conservation of andaliman (Zanthoxylum acanthopodium DC.) in North Sumatra, Indonesia. This information were collected through in-depth interviews. The collected data consisted of primary and secondary data. Primary data were obtained in the field through in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and documentation. Meanwhile, to strengthen the results of the interviews, a literature study was conducted, which was obtained from academic sources that can be scientifically accounted for it grows naturally in relatively cool forests, foothills, and cultivated areas. Z. acanthopodium is distributed around Lake Toba at 800-1,300 masl (meters above sea level), a temperature 17-22°C, and a 5-40% slope. In North Sumatra, there are nine varieties: Siholpu, Siganjangpat, Sihalus, Sihorbo, Simanuk, and Sirangkak, and three varieties that have not been named yet. Z. acanthopodium is planted by maintaining wild plants, burning the land to be planted, collecting dead or old parts of the plant then burned, and collecting mature seeds as material for seeding then burned. The plant does not require fertilization and pesticides. The preservation of Z. acanthopodium in North Sumatra is based on local communities' traditional agricultural and ecological management.
Mammal diversity in the geothermal power plants, West Java, Indonesia TEGUH HUSODO; ERRI NOVIAR MEGANTARA; INDRI WULANDARI; IRINA ANINDYA MUSTIKASARI; PUPUT FEBRIANTO; MUHAMMAD PAHLA PUJIANTO; NUGRAHA PUTRA MAULANA; YUANSAH YUANSAH
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 16 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n160110

Abstract

Abstract. Husodo T, Megantara EN, Wulandari I, Mustikasari IA, Febrianto P, Pujianto MP, Maulana NP, Yuansah. 2024. Mammal diversity in the geothermal power plants, West Java, Indonesia. Nusantara Bioscience 16: 81-88. Geothermal energy is a critical renewable resource to address global energy demands. West Java, Indonesia, in particular, stands out with six geothermal power plants, including Kamojang, Gunung Salak, and Darajat Geothermal Power Plants. However, developing geothermal potential in biodiverse highland ecosystems raises concerns about its negative impact on biodiversity, especially mammals, making it essential to monitor and manage these areas for environmental sustainability. In 2019, a comprehensive study on mammal species was conducted in three geothermal power plants: Kamojang, Darajat, and Gunung Salak, all located in West Java, Indonesia. These geothermal power plants are located within diverse natural landscapes. The study employed various methods such as direct encounters, sign surveys, collapsible trapping, camera traps, and interviews with local communities. The mammal diversity study around the Kamojang, Darajat, and Gunung Salak Geothermal Power Plant areas revealed 32 mammal species from 18 families. Gunung Salak had the highest diversity with 22 species, primarily Sciuridae, primates, and some Carnivora species. Conversely, Kamojang had 20 species dominated by Muridae, and Darajat had 19 species with a similar dominance of Muridae, highlighting different characteristics among these geothermal power plant locations. Conservation status analysis identified species of high conservation concern, emphasizing the importance of preserving these habitats for biodiversity conservation.
Geometric morphometric divergence of five populations of Pampus argenteus (Euphrasen, 1788) from Malaysian waters SUZYELAWATI MOHD SHUKRI; KHALED BINASHIKHBUBKR; AHMAD DWI SETYAWAN; DARLINA MD NAIM
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 16 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n160101

Abstract

Abstract. Shukri SM, Binashikhbubkr K, Setyawan AD, Md. Naim D. 2024. Geometric morphometric divergence of five populations of Pampus argenteus (Euphrasen, 1788) from Malaysian waters. Nusantara Bioscience 16: 1-12. Phenotypic variation in fish may indicate different environmental conditions that affect species' growth and maturation rates and result from genetic factors that allow fish to adapt to different environments. Understanding population structure and dynamics is extremely important for establishing sustainable fisheries. Silver pomfret, Pampus argenteus (Euphrasen, 1788), is an economically important fish species with extensive geographical distribution from the East China Sea to Southeast Asia, Indian Ocean, Arabian Gulf, and the North Sea. It may represent morphologically distinct populations across their range. The main aim of this study is to use geometric morphometric analysis based on physical characteristics to look into the phenotypic diversity of the species across five different populations in Malaysia. Digital images of 260 mature specimens were captured for further analysis. Principle Component Analysis (PCA) and Multivariate analysis (MANOVA) were used in the intra-population analysis based on the transformed distance. At the same time, the Canonical Variance Analysis (CVA) and the Procrustes ANOVA were utilized to determine the inter-population analysis of P. argenteus. The Unweighted Pair Group with Arithmetic Mean (UPGMA) method used to support the analysis has shown that the population is clearly grouped according to homologous body shape. The results show that South, West, and North Coast specimens were grouped while the East Coast and Borneo Island shared in another group. The variations in the body shape of P. argenteus occurred in body depth, caudal region, and head orientation. The findings separated the populations into two main groups representing the marine region to which they belong. This present study is the first report on phenotypic variations of P. argenteus from Malaysian waters utilizing the geometric morphometric method.
Incidence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in wastewater and its survival after discharge from two hospitals in Akure, Nigeria TOLULOPE EMORUWA; OLUFUMILOLA OMOYA
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 16 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n160115

Abstract

Abstract. Emoruwa T, Omoya O. 2024. Incidence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in wastewater and its survival after discharge from two hospitals in Akure, Nigeria. Nusantara Bioscience 16: 119-129. The prevalence of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), a silent infection-causing bacteria that is resistant to several antibiotics is rising in the population, increasing morbidity and mortality rates. The goal of this study was to find MRSA in hospital wastewater from the University of Medical Science Teaching Hospital and University Health Center, The Federal University of Technology Akure, Nigeria. Wastewater were collected from outlets in different wards, and pipe-borne water was collected as a control. The wastewater underwent bacteriological analysis using membrane filtration, identifying all the bacteria isolates. Zones of inhibition were interpreted to screen S. aureus isolates for antibiotic susceptibility. The mecA gene was molecularly identified in S. aureus isolates using bacterial DNA extraction and polymerase chain reaction. The plasmid profile and MRSA survivability at various pH, temperature, and salt concentrations were examined as well. The total bacterial counts in wastewater collected from UNIMEDTH and FUTA Health Center ranged from 49.72±0.86 CFU/100 mL (pipe-borne water) to 877.91±1.55 CFU/100 mL (Accident and Emergency ward) and 73.71±0.72 CFU/100 mL (pipe-borne water) to 422.05±1.55 CFU/100 mL (Wound treatment ward) respectively, while the total staphylococcal counts in UNIMEDTH and FUTA Health Center ranged from 0.00±0.00 CFU/100 mL (pipe-borne water) to 220.14±1.06 CFU/100 mL (Medical Laboratory Science Laboratory) and 1.02±0.11 CFU/100ml (pipe-borne water) to 60.11±0.11 CFU/100 mL (doctors’ station) respectively. Isolates of S. aureus were more resistant to ampiclox 10 (62.50%), oxacillin 7 (43.75%), zinnacef 10 (62.50%), and amoxicillin 8 (50.00%). The incidence of MRSA in hospital wastewater and its survival under different environmental conditions could present a public health challenge as the discharge of untreated wastewater could contaminate different water bodies.
Potential of a mixed extract of ginger, lemongrass, turmeric and black cumin as an immunostimulatory candidate USWAH ZILHAYA; WIDYA SARI; SYARIFAH BALQIST SYIFA; SALSABILA AL CHUSNA; ROSNIZAR ROSNIZAR
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 17 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n170102

Abstract

Abstract. Zilhaya U, Sari W, Syifa SB, Chusna SA, Rosnizar. 2025. Potential of a mixed extract of ginger, lemongrass, turmeric and black cumin as an immunostimulatory candidate. Nusantara Bioscience 17: 11-20. Many Indonesian herbal plants show potential as immunostimulants, capable of enhancing the immune system’s activity. Some synthetic immunomodulators are known to cause side effects, and create demand for safer and be more effective alternatives. Ginger (Zingiber officinale), lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus), turmeric (Curcuma longa), and black cumin (Nigella sativa) are four plants recognized for their potential as immunostimulants. These plants contain metabolites such as alkaloids, terpenoids, flavonoids, phenolics, and tannins, which can enhance immune activity. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of mixed extracts from these plants as immunostimulants, particularly in boosting immune responses weakened by pathogens. The research employed a completely randomized design, utilizing phytochemical tests, in vitro assays, and in vivo evaluations against Staphylococcus aureus. The results demonstrated increased activity and phagocytic capacity of macrophages following treatment with extract solutions at various doses. In vitro tests with 100 ppm and 1000 ppm concentrations, as well as in vivo tests at 650 mg/kg body weight, significantly improved macrophage phagocytic activity and capacity. The mixed extract effectively enhanced the immune system.
Seed morphology and germination type of some species of dipterocarps INDRIANI EKASARI; LUSI OKTAVIANI
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 16 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n160205

Abstract

Abstract. Ekasari I, Oktaviani L. 2024. Seed morphology and germination type of some species of dipterocarps. Nusantara Bioscience 16: 192-200. The dipterocarps seed conservation and effective seedling management of threatened plants required basic information on morphology and germination type to provide information on biological, ecological, and characteristics with taxonomic relevance. Seeds and seedlings characters can provide useful data in the delimitation and identification of species, including wings, sizes, shapes, germination type, and stages. The study aims to investigate the morphology and germination type of the seeds of some species of dipterocarps to contextualize and understand their ecological implications because the seed was the fundamental stage for the propagation and perpetuation of the species. This study was conducted for three months from seed collection, seed morphology measurement, seed sowing, and observation for germination type. The seeds from five species of dipterocarps (Shorea selanica, S. pinanga, S. stenoptera, Hopea gregaria, and Vatica pauciflora) were collected from the Forest Research and Development, Ministry of Forestry (FORDA), Dramaga, Bogor, Indonesia and they were brought to seed conservation laboratory in Bogor Botanical Gardens. The results showed six characters to describe each species seed (seed shape, the dimensions of longer wings, the dimensions of shorter wings, seed weight, seed length, and seed width). The S. pinanga showed the longest wings among others (152.25±9.93 mm), and H. gregaria showed the lightest weight (0.49±0.06 g). All species showed the same germination type (epigeal) with cotyledons that rise above ground. There were five stages of seed germination from radicle growth until cotyledon was removed or perfectly germinated for 90 days. The plantings and pathogens management were required to increase the Dipterocarpaceae seedlings' growth success. This finding was crucial for developing methods for seed conservation and tropical rainforest restoration.
Chemical composition with different drying methods and ruminant methane gas production of Palisada perforata NUR HIDAYAH; CUK TRI NOVIANDI; ANDRIYANI ASTUTI; KUSTANTINAH KUSTANTINAH
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 16 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n160105

Abstract

Abstract. Hidayah N, Noviandi CT, Astuti A, Kustantinah. 2024. Chemical composition with different drying methods and ruminant methane gas production of Palisada perforata. Nusantara Bioscience 16: 37-42. Indonesia is a tropical country with a large diversity of seaweed, but a few studies analyzed it as an ingredient or supplement for ruminant feed. Evaluation of the nutrient content and phenolic compound with different drying methods (freeze-drying and shade-drying) and ruminant gas production from Palisada perforata (Bory) K.W.Nam to know about the potential for ruminant feed and methane mitigation were the goals of this investigation. The nutrient content, kinetic, and methane gas production were analyzed descriptively; meanwhile, the phenolic compound was analyzed with T-tests for the differences among treatments, using 4 replications. The result showed that the nutrient content of P. perforata had higher Organic Matter (OM), Crude Protein (CP), and Nitrogen-Free Extract (NFE) with the freeze-drying method (83.47 vs. 52.85%DM, 19.33 vs. 16.05%DM, and 54.16 vs 26.80%DM, respectively) and the mineral content was higher with shade-drying method (16.53 vs 47.15%DM). The shade-drying method decreased almost 50% of the phenolic compound compared to the freeze-drying method. The kinetic gas production of P. perforata had easily degraded, potentially degraded, and total degraded and fermented fractions at 5.88, 24.91, and 30.80 mL/200 mgDM, respectively; the methane gas production in 24 and 48 hours incubation at 1.80 and 3.01 mL/gDM. The study concluded that the freeze-drying method is better than the shade-drying method to dry P. perforata and this species' potential as ruminant feed and methane mitigation.
The difference between Bali cattle and Limousin-Bali (Limbal) crossed cattle concerning their qualitative characteristics in Lombok Tengah District, Indonesia ADI TIYA WARMAN; PANJONO PANJONO; GALIH TRIE FADHILAH; BAYU ANDRI ATMOKO; SIGIT BINTARA; TRI SATYA MASTUTI WIDI; ENDANG BALIARTI; ZAENAB NURUL JANNAH
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 16 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n160113

Abstract

Abstract. Warman AT, Panjono, Fadhilah GT, Atmoko BA, Bintara S, Widi TSM, Baliarti E, Jannah ZN. 2024. The difference between Bali cattle and Limousine-Bali (Limbal) crossed cattle concerning their qualitative characteristics in Lombok Tengah District, Indonesia. Nusantara Bioscience 16: 104-110. Crossbreeding is a potential approach that farmers might employ to improve the productivity of Bali cattle (Bos javanicus d'Alton, 1823). Exotic cattle breeds, such as Limousin cattle (Bos taurus Linnaeus, 1758), are frequently used for crossbreeding. This study aimed to determine the qualitative characteristic differences between Bali cattle and Limousin-Bali (Limbal) crossed cattle in the Lombok Tengah District of West Nusa Tenggara Province, Indonesia. Data sampling was conducted in 2 sub-districts, namely Pringgarata and Jonggat Sub-districts. The research used 80 adult female cattle, consisting of 40 Bali and 40 Limbal cattle. The average age of cattle was 4.24 years, and the average body weight was 236.66 kg for Bali cattle and 367.88 kg for Limbal cattle. Local farmers kept cattle using the same intensive methods. Phenotypic characterization included color and physical characteristics according to the guidelines provided by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and the Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI). The Data were presented descriptively, and differences across variables were assessed using the chi-square method. The research indicated no significant difference in tail-tip color (P >0.05). The body and eyelid color showed a significant difference (P <0.05). Furthermore, legs color, buttocks color, dorsal line color, vulva color, muzzle color, horn color, face profile, backline profile, horn orientation, and ear orientation differed significantly (P <0.01). Thus, it can be concluded that crossbreeding caused changes in phenotypic characteristics in the next generation. Therefore, phenotypic characterization in the next generation of these crossbreeds must be conducted, and selection criteria must be established to achieve sustainable breeding goals.
Molecular identification of Scopellaria marginata from East Java, Indonesia, based on trnL-UAA and trnL-trnF intergenic spacer regions TURHADI TURHADI; BRILIYAN NATALINA SUDARJAYANTI; FIFI MAR’ATUN SOLIHAH; RODIYATI AZRIANINGSIH; MUFIDAH AFIYANTI; ESTRI LARAS ARUMINGTYAS
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 16 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n160114

Abstract

Abstract. Turhadi, Sudarjayanti BN, Solihah FM, Azrianingsih R, Afiyanti M, Arumingtyas EL. 2024. Molecular identification of Scopellaria marginata from East Java, Indonesia, based on trnL-UAA and trnL-trnF intergenic spacer regions. Nusantara Bioscience 16: 111-118. Scopellaria marginata (Blume) W.J.de Wilde & Duyfjes is a wild species in Cucurbitaceae, which was recorded as new expanding their distribution in East Java, Indonesia. The trnL-UAA and trnL-trnF intergenic spacer (IGS) sequences of Scopellaria are still limited in publicly accessible databases. This study aimed to evaluate the trnL-UAA and trnL-trnF IGS sequences of S. marginata from Malang, East Java. Total DNA of S. marginata was used to amplify the trnL-UAA and trnL-trnF IGS region. Then, the PCR products are sequenced using bi-directional Sanger dideoxy sequencing to obtain the DNA sequence of those two regions. The results showed that the partial sequences of S. marginata for trnL-UAA ranged from 528 to 571 bp, while the sequence for trnF-trnL IGS ranged from 434 to 445 bp. The S. marginata samples are similar to S. marginata in the database with similarity levels of 97.14-97.50% and 98.36-98.61%, respectively, based on the trnL-UAA and trnL-trnF IGS. Both trnL-UAA and trnL-trnF IGS showed a Correct Assignment Rate (CAR) of 100% for S. marginata. Two-dimensional DNA barcoding with lengths 505 and 417 bp for trnL-UAA and trnL-trnF IGS proposed as specific barcodes for S. marginata. These results prove that Malang, East Java was an additional distribution area for S. marginata in Indonesia.
First metagenome report of Haemaphysalis bispinosa ticks of Moa buffalo from Southwest Maluku District, Indonesia PRASETYARTI UTAMI; RONY MARSYAL KUNDA; YOFIAN ANAKTOTOTY
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 16 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n160116

Abstract

Abstract. Utami P, Kunda RM, Anaktototy Y. 2024. First metagenome report of Haemaphysalis bispinosa ticks of Moa buffalo from Southwest Maluku District, Indonesia. Nusantara Bioscience 16: 130-138. Ticks are vectors of pathogenic organisms such as bacteria, protozoa, and viruses, which are potentially fatal to humans and livestock. The Haemaphysalis bispinosa Neumann, 1897 is a tick species with three mammalian hosts in Asia and Australia, including Indonesia, with the highest infestation in cattle (Bos taurus Linnaeus, 1758) and sheep (Ovis aries Linnaeus, 1758). The H. bispinosa is known to transmit many pathogens, but studies on the profile and structure of the microbiota are still very limited. This study aims to investigate the abundance and diversity of microbiota in H. bispinosa to evaluate the bacterial community's structure and to identify and examine potential zoonotic agents from buffalo. Amplification in this study used primers from the region (V1-V9) of the 16S rRNA gene. Metagenomic analysis shows that the microbiota community structure is dominated by non-zoonotic bacteria (96.83%), and zoonotic bacteria are found in the percentage (3.17%). Zoonotic agents were dominated by members of the genus Rickettsia (71.82%), Ehrlichia (19.19%), Romboutsia (3.16%), Anaplasma (2.43%), Coxiella (2.24%), Staphylococcus (0, 48%) and Streptococcus (0.43%). Overall, 16 species were found in H. bispinosa, i.e., 11 species belonging to the genus Rickettsia, 2 species from the genus Ehrlichia (i.e., Ehrlichia canis and Ehrlichia minasensis), and 1 species each belonging to the genera Anaplasma, Coxiella, and Romboutsia. It was concluded that the abundance of the microbial community in H. bispinosa based on metagenome analysis using the 16S rRNA gene from Moa buffalo in the Southwest Maluku District was classified as having a diverse abundance of species.

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