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Muaddib: Journal of Arabic Language and Literature
Published by Sekolah Tinggi Agama Islam Riyadul Ulum Condong
ISSN : -     EISSN : 3089705X     DOI : https://doi.org/10.51190/muaddib
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Muaddib: Journal of Arabic Language and Literature is a double-blind peer-reviewed journal published by the Department of Arabic Language and Literature, STAI Riyadul Ulum Condong. This journal cooperates with the This journal has published scientific papers since 2024. This journal is provided for experts, researchers, practitioners, and observers of the Arabic language and literature (Focus and Scope). This journal is published 3 times per year in April, August and December. This journal accepts manuscripts of the results of field research and library research on the fields covered. All submitted manuscripts will be checked appropriately by journal editors and sent to peer reviewers. This journal only accepts scientific papers in Arabic, English, or Bahasa Indonesia
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Articles 31 Documents
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AN ANALYSIS OF ORTHOGRAPHIC AND LEXICAL ERRORS IN WRITTEN ARABIC: ANALISIS KESALAHAN ORTOGRAFIS DAN LEKSIKAL DALAM PENULISAN BAHASA ARAB Nuraini Iqomi Sholawati; Anggi Baity; Fauda Zakiyah Anafiha Nusantara; Umi Dzakiyatun Niswatin
Muaddib: Journal of Arabic Language and Literature Vol. 2 No. 1 (2025): Muaddib: Journal of Arabic Language and Literature
Publisher : Program Studi Bahasa dan Sastra Arab STIABI Riyadul 'Ulum

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51190/muaddib/v02i01.45

Abstract

Mastery of writing in Arabic is closely related to students’ ability to use accurate vocabulary and orthographic rules, since both aspects are essential for developing overall language skills. However, in practice, various orthographic and lexical errors are still commonly found, which affect students’ writing proficiency. This study aims to identify the types of orthographic and lexical errors in Arabic writing and to analyze the underlying factors. The research employed a descriptive qualitative method with a case study approach involving grade XI students of MAN 1 Kota Kediri. Data were collected through document analysis, interviews, observations, and writing tests, and then analyzed to uncover patterns of errors and their causes. The findings reveal four main types of errors: incorrect letter writing, misuse of diacritical marks (harakat), improper letter connections, and inappropriate word choice. The contributing factors include students’ limited mastery of basic Arabic, lack of fine motor skills, monotonous teaching methods, limited learning time, and insufficient access to learning resources. Based on these results, the study recommends the application of more contextual teaching strategies, the provision of intensive writing practice, and the creation of a more supportive learning environment to enhance students’ writing skills.
I'LAL AND IBDAL IN THE POETRY OF AHMED SHAWQI (AN ANALYTICAL MORPHOLOGICAL STUDY): AL-I'LĀL WA-AL-IBDĀL FĪ SHI'R AHMAD SHAWQĪ (DIRĀSAH TAHLĪLIYAH ṢARFIYAH) Millah Hanifah; Fatimah Fatimah; Azhari Azhari
Muaddib: Journal of Arabic Language and Literature Vol. 2 No. 1 (2025): Muaddib: Journal of Arabic Language and Literature
Publisher : Program Studi Bahasa dan Sastra Arab STIABI Riyadul 'Ulum

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51190/muaddib/v02i01.48

Abstract

Arabic linguistics encompasses a broad range of disciplines traditionally classified into thirteen branches, including morphology and syntax as the core of grammatical studies, as well as semantics, rhetoric, prosody, rhyme, literary history, and lexicology. Among these branches, morphology occupies a central position because it examines the structural formation of Arabic words, covering original and additional letters, sound and weak letters, and their various morphological patterns. Within this field, the phenomena of iʿlāl and ibdāl are particularly important, as they function not only as morphological processes but also as aesthetic and phonological devices that support rhythmic balance in Arabic poetry. Iʿlāl refers to changes involving weak letters to meet linguistic or metrical requirements, whereas ibdāl involves the substitution of one letter for another to achieve phonetic harmony. This study aims to identify the forms of words containing iʿlāl and ibdāl in the poetry of Ahmad Shawqi and to analyze the factors that cause their occurrence as well as their effects on word formation. The research adopts a descriptive qualitative approach supported by analytical methods applied to selected poetic verses. The findings reveal several categories of iʿlāl in Shawqi’s poetry, including 30 instances of iʿlāl bi al-qalb, 5 instances of iʿlāl bi al-ḥadhf, 1 instance of iʿlāl bi al-taskīn, 2 instances of iʿlāl bi al-qalb wa al-ḥadhf, and 1 instance of iʿlāl bi al-taskīn wa al-qalb. This study is expected to contribute to the enrichment of morphological and stylistic studies in Arabic literary research.
SEMANTIC SHIFTS IN LABĪD IBN RABĪʿAH’S POETRY FROM JĀHILIYYAH TO EARLY ISLAM: AL-TAḤAWWULĀT AL-DALĀLIYAH FĪ SYI‘RI LABĪD BIN RABĪ‘AH BAYNA AL-JĀHILIYYAH WA ṢADR AL-ISLĀM Amanda Rheyna Athaya; Muhsin; Nuur Nuur
Muaddib: Journal of Arabic Language and Literature Vol. 2 No. 1 (2025): Muaddib: Journal of Arabic Language and Literature
Publisher : Program Studi Bahasa dan Sastra Arab STIABI Riyadul 'Ulum

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51190/muaddib/v02i01.51

Abstract

This study examines semantic shifts in the poetry of Labīd ibn Rabīʿah, a prominent pre-Islamic poet who later embraced Islam, through the lens of Stephen Ullmann’s historical semantic theory. The research aims to investigate how Labīd’s lexical choices reflect the cultural and ideological transition from the Jāhiliyyah period to early Islam. Employing a qualitative descriptive method with a historical-semantic approach, the study analyzes selected verses composed after Labīd’s conversion, integrating semantic and contextual interpretation. The findings reveal multiple types of semantic change, including amelioration, pejoration, broadening, narrowing, and complete semantic shift, indicating a substantial transformation in Labīd’s diction as his worldview evolved from tribal heroism and material values toward faith-based moral principles. Lexical items such as al-anyāb (الأنياب), aswad (أسود), hirāwah (هِراوة), yajūd (يَجود), and al-ḍujūʿ (الضجوع) exemplify how meaning developed in parallel with broader socio-religious change. The novelty of this study lies in its integrated analysis of Labīd’s pre-Islamic and early Islamic lexicon using Ullmann’s framework—an approach rarely employed in previous scholarship—and in its systematic mapping of semantic patterns within an ideological context. This research contributes to historical semantic studies of Arabic poetry by bridging linguistic analysis with cultural and religious transformation.
ANALYSIS OF KAHLIL GIBRAN'S POEM الأم USING ROMAN JAKOBSON'S FORMALISM THEORY Yusril Muhammad Nur; Agung Setiyawan
Muaddib: Journal of Arabic Language and Literature Vol. 2 No. 1 (2025): Muaddib: Journal of Arabic Language and Literature
Publisher : Program Studi Bahasa dan Sastra Arab STIABI Riyadul 'Ulum

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51190/muaddib/v02i01.52

Abstract

This study aims to analyze Khalil Gibran’s poem Al-Umm (الأم) using Roman Jakobson’s formalist theory, with particular emphasis on the poetic function and the linguistic representation of maternal love and a child’s affection toward the mother. The research adopts a qualitative interpretive approach that relies on close textual analysis to explore meaning as constructed through internal linguistic and stylistic features rather than external historical or biographical contexts. The primary data source is the poem Al-Umm, while data collection was conducted through careful reading and systematic note-taking. In this analysis, data reduction refers to the process of selecting, classifying, and focusing on relevant linguistic elements—such as figurative language, repetition, and imagery—that are directly related to Jakobson’s formalist framework. Data were then analyzed through interpretative procedures followed by conclusion drawing. The findings reveal that the poem highlights the role and character of a mother in shaping her children, as well as the emotional responses of children toward their mother, conveyed through expressive and symbolic language. To enhance its aesthetic structure and thematic depth, the poem employs six major language styles: poetic exaggeration (hyperbole), simile, repetition, anecdotal expression, representation or imagery, and associative language.
MAJĀZ IN ARABIC AND PASHTO: A COMPARATIVE STUDY IN LIGHT OF THE INFLUENCE OF ARABIC RHETORIC: AL-MAJĀZ BAYNA AL-‘ARABIYYAH WA AL-BASHTŪWIYYAH: DIRĀSAH MUQĀRANAH FĪ ḌAW’I AL-TA’ATHTHUR BI AL-BALĀGHAH AL-‘ARABIYYAH Ismail Shinwari; Abdullah Nuri; Najibullah Jamal Arif; Faqir Sayyid Hashimi; St. Fauziya
Muaddib: Journal of Arabic Language and Literature Vol. 2 No. 2 (2026): Muaddib: Journal of Arabic Language and Literature
Publisher : Program Studi Bahasa dan Sastra Arab STIABI Riyadul 'Ulum

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51190/muaddib.v02i02.55

Abstract

This study explores majāz (figurative language) in Arabic and Pashto, focusing on its conceptualization, classification, and usage. As a central element in balāghah (rhetoric), majāz functions to convey meanings beyond literal interpretation. This research aims to examine the similarities and differences between the two languages while identifying the influence of Arabic rhetorical tradition on Pashto. Using a qualitative descriptive-comparative approach based on library research, the study analyzes data from classical Arabic rhetorical works and Pashto linguistic literature. The findings indicate that both languages share a similar definition of majāz as a word used beyond its original meaning with a contextual indicator (qarīnah) preventing literal interpretation. Moreover, both traditions classify majāz into comparable categories, particularly istiʿārah (metaphor) and majāz mursal (metonymy). However, minor differences are observed in stylistic usage and contextual application. The study further reveals that Pashto rhetoric is significantly influenced by Arabic balāghah, especially in conceptual frameworks and classification systems. Thus, the relationship between the two is not merely one of similarity, but also of intellectual influence and conceptual transfer.
THE AESTHETICS OF BALAGHAH AND MEANING EXPLANATION IN CLASSICAL ARABIC POETRY: AN ANALYSIS OF THE QASIDA SHAUTU SHAFIRI AL-BULBULI: ESTETIKA BALAGHAH DAN PENJELASAN MAKNA DALAM SYAIR ARAB KLASIK: ANALISIS QASHIDAH SHAUTU SHAFIRI AL-BULBULI Firmansah Setia Budi; Rohanda Rohanda; Yusuf Ali Shaleh Atha; Cahyudi Prima
Muaddib: Journal of Arabic Language and Literature Vol. 2 No. 2 (2026): Muaddib: Journal of Arabic Language and Literature
Publisher : Program Studi Bahasa dan Sastra Arab STIABI Riyadul 'Ulum

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51190/muaddib.v02i02.61

Abstract

Studies on Arabic literature, particularly classical Arabic poetry, remain relatively limited within the Indonesian academic context. This condition has resulted in a low level of familiarity among students of Arabic language programs, both in Arabic Language and Literature and Arabic Language Education, with early Arabic poetry, which often leads to difficulties in understanding its meanings and linguistic aesthetics. This study aims to contribute to facilitating students’ general understanding of classical Arabic poetry, while also revealing its aesthetic dimensions through an analysis of the asalib balaghiyah contained therein. This research employs a mixed methods approach, combining qualitative analysis through a library research approach and quantitative percentage calculations. Data were collected through documentation by examining various literary sources relevant to the research theme. The results indicate that there are 22 instances of asalib balaghiyah found in the qashidah Shautu Shafiri Al-Bulbuli by Al-Ashma’iy, consisting of 8 instances of uslub majaz, 7 of uslub tasybih, 5 of uslub ithnab, and 2 of uslub kinayah. These findings demonstrate that Al-Ashma’iy tends to employ metaphorical expressions (majaz) more dominantly than other types of asalib balaghiyah in the qashidah.
PERUBAHAN PERILAKU TOKOH UTAMA DALAM CERITA PENDEK UMARAH KARYA KAMIL KAILANI (BEHAVIORISME PERSPEKTIF BURRHUS FREDERIC SKINNER): PERUBAHAN PERILAKU DALAM CERPEN “UMARAH” KARYA KAMIL KAILANI: ANALISIS PERSPEKTIF SKINNER Izzat Imaniya; Ilma Nailu Fitriani
Muaddib: Journal of Arabic Language and Literature Vol. 2 No. 2 (2026): Muaddib: Journal of Arabic Language and Literature
Publisher : Program Studi Bahasa dan Sastra Arab STIABI Riyadul 'Ulum

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51190/muaddib.v02i02.64

Abstract

This study discusses the behavioral changes experienced by the main character in the short story Umarah by Kamil Kailani. Umarah is portrayed as a lazy and annoying child who often makes his mother angry. His negative behavior gradually changes after receiving stimuli from his environment, including his mother, workplace, and the Sultan of the kingdom. The stimuli received by Umarah produce responses that contribute to the process of behavioral change within himself. Through various experiences, Umarah and his mother eventually enjoy a better life with the Sultan in the kingdom. This study aims to describe the stimuli, responses, and effects experienced by the main character in the short story Umarah based on the behaviorism theory of Burrhus Frederic Skinner. This research employs a descriptive qualitative method using reading and note-taking techniques for data collection. The results show that the main character receives twelve stimuli from his environment, and these stimuli generate responses that shape the process of behavioral change within Umarah. This study implies that the environment plays an important role in shaping individual behavior. Future studies are recommended to examine psychological aspects or moral values in other works by Kamil Kailani.
EXPLORATION OF THE DYNAMICS OF THE CHARACTERS' PSYCHOLOGY IN THE SHORT STORY "SHAHRAZAD" BASED ON THE PERSPECTIVE OF LITERARY PSYCHOLOGY: EKSPLORASI DINAMIKA KEJIWAAN TOKOH DALAM CERPEN “SYAHRAZAD” BERDASARKAN PERSPEKTIF PSIKOLOGI SASTRA Fikri Haikal; Yola Oktavia; Muhammad Farihul Qulub
Muaddib: Journal of Arabic Language and Literature Vol. 2 No. 2 (2026): Muaddib: Journal of Arabic Language and Literature
Publisher : Program Studi Bahasa dan Sastra Arab STIABI Riyadul 'Ulum

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51190/muaddib.v02i02.68

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the psychological dynamics of the characters in the short story Syahrazad through a literary psychology approach. This approach is used to examine the psychological construction of the characters reflected in the narrative, particularly those related to inner conflict, motivation, traumatic experiences, and the expression of the characters' personalities throughout the story. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method with text analysis techniques as the main data source. The analysis focuses on the central characters and the psychological dynamics that influence their development in the story. The results show that the characters in the short story Syahrazad represent the complexity of emotions and psychological conditions characterized by ambivalence between hope and fear, courage and vulnerability. In addition, the use of symbolism, storytelling techniques, and the development of the storyline also strengthen the representation of the psychological dimensions of the characters in depth. These findings emphasize that literary works function not only as aesthetic products, but also as reflective media capable of representing human psychological dynamics in a subtle and profound manner.
I’LAL BIL IBDAL PADA FI‘IL MADI DAN FI‘IL MUDARI‘ DALAM KITAB JAWAHIRUL KALAMIYYAH: KAJIAN LITERATUR MORFOLOGI ARAB: POLA I‘LĀL BI AL-IBDĀL PADA FI‘L MĀḌĪ DAN FI‘L MUḌĀRI‘ DALAM KITAB JAWĀHIR AL-KALĀMIYYAH Ikhfanul Chakiki; Asep Sunarko; Ahmad Zuhdi
Muaddib: Journal of Arabic Language and Literature Vol. 2 No. 2 (2026): Muaddib: Journal of Arabic Language and Literature
Publisher : Program Studi Bahasa dan Sastra Arab STIABI Riyadul 'Ulum

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51190/muaddib.v02i02.69

Abstract

Arabic morphology or ṣarf, has a regular system of word formation, one of which occurs through the process of i‘lāl bi al-ibdāl, namely the substitution of letters in certain morphological environments. This study aims to identify the forms of i‘lāl bi al-ibdāl in fi‘l māḍī and fi‘l muḍāri‘ in Kitab Jawāhir al-Kalāmiyyah and to explain the rules governing their changes. This study employs a qualitative approach with library research as its research type. The data were collected through documentation and analyzed using content analysis and morphological analysis. The results show that there are 115 occurrences of i‘lāl bi al-ibdāl, consisting of 82 occurrences in fi‘l māḍī and 33 occurrences in fi‘l muḍāri‘. In fi‘l māḍī, the findings include 58 cases of thulāthī mujarrad, 16 cases of thulāthī mazīd biharfin,and 8 cases of thulāthī mazīd biharfaini. In fi‘l muḍāri‘, the findings include 20 cases of thulāthī mujarrad, 9 cases of thulāthī mazīd biharfin, and 4 cases of thulāthī mazīd biharfaini. The forms of change found include the substitution of yā’ into alif, wāw into alif, hamzah into alif, wāw into tā’, and tā’ into dālaccompanied by idghām. These findings indicate that i‘lāl bi al-ibdāl in Kitab Jawāhir al-Kalāmiyyah occurs systematically and in accordance with the rules of ṣarf.
Implementasi Model Asinkronus dalam Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab Qur’ani: Strategi Pemahaman Semantik Al-Qur’an pada Ummahāt: MODEL PEMBELAJARAN ASINKRON: STRATEGI PENINGKATAN KOMPETENSI SEMANTIK AL-QUR’AN PADA KALANGAN UMMAHAT Rahman Hakim; Nahdliyyatul Azimah
Muaddib: Journal of Arabic Language and Literature Vol. 2 No. 2 (2026): Muaddib: Journal of Arabic Language and Literature
Publisher : Program Studi Bahasa dan Sastra Arab STIABI Riyadul 'Ulum

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51190/muaddib.v02i02.70

Abstract

Quranic Arabic learning for ummahāt (mothers) is often hindered by domestic time constraints and the prevalence of rigid syntactic approaches, which fail to bridge the gap between literal translation and contextual understanding. This study aims to evaluate the implementation of an asynchronous learning model focused on semantic strategies to address these accessibility and cognitive barriers. Using a qualitative-descriptive approach with a case study design, data were gathered through participatory observation on YouTube and WhatsApp, semi-structured interviews, and learning documentation. The results indicate that the asynchronous transformation provides cognitive flexibility, allowing learners to engage in self-reflection on vocabulary (mufradāt), meanings (ma’āny), and concise exegesis (tafsīr ijmāly) within their domestic schedules. This model effectively internalizes Quranic values through repetitive multimedia exposure, shifting the learning focus from literal translation to tadabbur (reflective contemplation). The study concludes that digital learning serves as an innovative solution to bridge the gap in Arabic literacy and textual comprehension among ummahāt.

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