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Majalah Kedokteran Bandung
Published by Universitas Padjadjaran
ISSN : 0126074X     EISSN : 23386223     DOI : 10.15395/mkb
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung (MKB)/Bandung Medical Journal publishes peer-reviewed original articles and case reports in basic medical research, clinical research, and applied medical science. This journal is published quarterly (March, June, September, and December) by Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran. Articles are original research that needs to be disseminated and written in English. All submitted manuscripts will go through the double-blind peer review and editorial review before being granted with acceptance for publication.
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Articles 12 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 57, No 3 (2025)" : 12 Documents clear
Antibacterial Activity of Mangrove Leaves Extract (Rhizopora Apiculata) Against Salmonella typhi Growth Nurfadly, Nurfadly; Harahap, Sevani Ayu; Roslina, Ance; Sarirah, Munauwarus
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 57, No 3 (2025)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15395/mkb.v57.4092

Abstract

Mangrove leaves (Rhizopora apiculata) contain antibacterial chemical compounds with antibacterial properties against various pathogens. Salmonella typhi, the causative agent of thyphoid fever, triggers a systemic infectious disease that can lead to complications and deaths if not treated properly.  This study aimed to screen the phytochemical content of R. apiculata leaf extract, evaluate its antibacterial activity against S. typhi, and determine the optimal inhibitory concentration. Leaves were collected from the Sicanang mangrove forest in Belawan, North Sumatra, Indonesia, and extracted using the maceration method with 96% ethanol.  Antibacterial effectiveness was assessed using disc diffusion method by measuring the zone of inhibition after exposure to mangrove leaf extract at concentrations of 40%, 60%, 80%, and 100%, with chloramphenicol as a positive control, to determine the most effective concentration for inhibiting the growth of Salmonella typhi. The results of the study showed that there were differences in inhibition zones in each group. Mangrove leaves extract at a concentration of 100% is the most effective in inhibiting the growth of Salmonella typhi compared to 80%, 60%, and 40% concentrations.
Home Environmental Hazard as Extrinsic Factors For Falls Among Community-Dwelling Elderly Gondodiputro, Sharon; Safnul, Farhan Bariq; Amelia, Indah
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 57, No 3 (2025)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15395/mkb.v57.4361

Abstract

Falls among the elderly are a major concern in both clinical practice and public health. Studies have shown that falls occur more frequently at home than outside home.This study aimed to identify the areas and types of home environmental hazards present in the residences elderly individuals. A quantitative descriptive study was conducted from April to May 2024 accross six primary healthcare centers in Bandung, West Java, Indonesia, selected from having the highest number of elderly patients. A total of 100 elderly respondents were recruited using a multistage purposive convenience sampling method. Data collection was carried out using an instrument consisting of two parts: the first part focused on respondent characteristics and the second part on home environmental hazards.The study variables were respondent characteristics and environmental hazards in the terrace, living room, stairs, bedroom, bathroom, kitchen, and garage. Data were analyzed using Microsoft Excel software and presented in tabular form. Results showed that all areas of the home posed potential hazards, with the presence of scattered items on the floor as the commonly identified risk. In specific areas such as the kitchen, high shelves were found, and in the bathroom, there were slippery floors, squat toilets, absence of handrails, and inward-opening bathroom door. Home can be a source of environmental hazards that increase the fall risk among the elderly. It is essential to provide the elderly with adequate information on these risk to encourage preventive actions and, where necessary, home modifications that improve safety and reduce the risk of falls.
Family Support and Medication Adherence in Patients in Prolanis Program Aini, Zahratul; Suardi, Hijra Novia; Dewi, Fitria Meutia; Ibrahim, Tilaili; Waraztuty, Ika; Mulia, Vera Dewi
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 57, No 3 (2025)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15395/mkb.v57.4004

Abstract

The Chronic Disease Management Program, or Program Pengelolaan Penyakit Kronis (Prolanis), is a disease management program designed for individuals with chronic illnesses. It aims to maintain health and improve quality of life. The success of Prolanis depends not only on patient adherence to medication but also on family involvement as the primary source of support. This study aimed to examine the relationship between family support and medication adherence among Prolanis patients at Batoh Public Health Center, Banda Aceh, Indonesia. An observational analytic study with a cross-sectional design was conducted using consecutive sampling of 74 Prolanis participants. Data were collected through guided interviews. Among the participants, 33 individuals (44.5%) exhibited low medication adherence, while 41 individuals (55.5%) demonstrated high adherence. Additionally, 8 participants (10.8%) reported poor family support, whereas 66 participants (89.2%) received good family support. Data analysis using the chi-square test revealed a significant relationship (p=0.009) between family support and medication adherence. Therefore, it can be concluded that family support is significantly associated with medication adherence in Prolanis patients.  Families are the main supporters in maintaining the health of their family members, with an important role in encouraging, supporting, and supervising patients' treatment. Good support and constant encouragement and attention can increase patients' confidence, which in turn will affect their adherence to treatment.
Skinfold Thickness and Mid-upper Arm Circumference in Pediatric Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease Suriadiredja, Siti Saqinah; Widiasta, Ahmdez; Rossanti, Rini
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 57, No 3 (2025)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15395/mkb.v57.4046

Abstract

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) can impair the kidneys' capacity to manage nutrition, and any nutritional imbalances in CKD may affect the disease's progression. This study evaluated triceps skinfold (TSF) thickness and mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) as indicators of nutritional status in children with early- and late-stage CKD at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia. A descriptive cross-sectional design was used with secondary data from the nephrology division registry collected between August 2021 and August 2022. Data analysis was conducted with Microsoft Excel. The study involved 65 participants, with 32 in the early stage and 33 in the late stage. For early-stage patients, the average TSF was 13.75 mm and the MUAC was 12 cm, while, the average TSF an MUAC in the late stage were  11.39 mm and 11.70 cm, respectively. Based on TSF percentiles, most patients fell within the normal range, whereas MUAC measurements indicated that the majority were below normal. In terms of %TSF, most early-stage patients had above-average values, whereas late-stage patients were below average. All MUAC measurements indicated below-average values for both stages. Overall, TSF percentiles suggested that most patients had adequate nutritional status; however, %TSF revealed excess adiposity in early-stage patients and deficits in late-stage patients. MUAC consistently indicated deficits across both groups.
Tummy Time and Development of 6- to 12-Month-Old Infants Titah, Marvella Graceria; Surjono, Edward; Prabowo, Johanes A. C.; Setiawan, Andy; Dewi, Rita
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 57, No 3 (2025)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15395/mkb.v57.3928

Abstract

Early childhood development, particularly within the first 1,000 days of life, is a critical period. Globally, 5–16% of children experience developmental delays. This figure is higher in Indonesia with approximately 13–18% of children under five are facing growth and developmental issues. Adequate stimulation, including activities like tummy time, plays a vital role in a child's growth and development. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between tummy time and the developmental outcomes of infants aged 6–12 months. An analytical descriptive design with a cross-sectional approach was employed in this study that was conducted at Public Health Centers in North Sulawesi Province, Indonesia. Data collection involved questionnaires assessing the onset, frequency, and duration of tummy time, alongside the use of the Child Development Pre-Screening Questionnaire. With a minimum sample size of 96 respondents, data were analyzed using Spearman’s correlation. Findings indicated that performing tummy time more than 1–2 times per week, with each session lasting 6–20 minutes, was significantly associated with better developmental outcomes. However, no significant relationship was observed between early initiation of tummy time or the number of daily sessions with infant development. The study concluded that engaging in tummy time more than 1-2 times per week for 6-20 minutes per session can promote optimal infant development.
Preventing the Incidence of Severe Preeclampsia by Maintaining an Ideal Body Weight During Pregnancy Ferawati, Emi; Pritalianto, Hushat; Sepalanita, Widya
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 57, No 3 (2025)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15395/mkb.v57.3992

Abstract

Preeclampsia is a pregnancy-specific disease potentially leading to complications, morbidity, and mortality. In general, obesity may cause preeclampsia through several common mechanisms. This study aimed to examine the association between obesity and the incidence of severe preeclampsia (SP) at Dr. Dradjat Prawiranegara General Hospital, Serang, Indonesia. A retrospective cohort design was used and the sample comprised of 168 parturients (84 SP and 84 non-SP subjects). Sample selection was consecutively conducted from June to November 2023, while data were analyzed using the Chi-Square test and multivariable analysis with multiple logistic regression. There was a statistically significant relationship between nutritional status and obesity in participants with SP history (p<0.05). Obese women had a 2.96 times higher risk of developing SP compared to non-obese. Additionally, the study found that multigravidas (≥G2) had a 2.19 times higher risk of suffering from SP compared to primigravidas (G1) (p=0.019). Furthermore, women who only completed ≤ junior high school education had a 2.14 times higher risk of suffering from SP compared to those who completed ≥ high school (p=0.060). In conclusion, women in delivery who suffered from obesity have a 2.68 times greater risk of suffering SP than non-obese, as evident from both bivariable and multivariable analyses.
Comparison of Sensitivity and Specificity between B.I.L.E. Criteria and Tokyo Guidelines 2018 (TG18) for Diagnosing Acute Cholangitis Pratomo, Nugroho Rizky; Rudiman, Reno; Sulthana, Bambang Am am Setya
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 57, No 3 (2025)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15395/mkb.v57.4132

Abstract

Acute cholangitis is an inflammatory condition of the biliary system due to bacterial infection associated with biliary stasis or obstruction. Diagnosis is made using the Tokyo Guidelines 2018 (TG18) criteria. The biliary imaging abnormality, inflammatory test abnormality, liver test abnormality, and exclusion of cholecystitis/pancreatitis (B.I.L.E.) criteria are relatively new, with limited studies evaluating their sensitivity, specificity, and validation. This study aimed to compare the sensitivity and specificity of B.I.L.E. and TG18 criteria for the diagnosis of acute cholangitis. This is an observational analytic study with prospective cohort design during May 2023–May 2024. Data were obtained from patients who came to the Emergency Department of Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung, Indonesia, with clinical symptoms of fever and jaundice, suspected of acute cholangitis. There were 95 subjects in this study. Based on B.I.L.E. criteria, 57 (60%) patients were categorized as high probability and 38 (40%) patients were categorized as unlikely acute cholangitis, while the TG18 criteria resulted in 61 (64.2%) patients classified as definite and 34 (35.8%) patients classified as suspected acute cholangitis. The sensitivity of the B.I.L.E. criteria was 92.1%, with a specificity of 94.73%. Positive Predictive Value (PPV) and Negative Predictive Value (NPV) of B.I.L.E. criteria were 92.1% and 94.73%, respectively. In contrast, the sensitivity and specificity of TG18 criteria in this study were 82.35% and 83.6%, respectively. The PPV of TG18 reached 73.68% while the NPV of TG18 reached 89.47%. In conclusion, B.I.L.E. criteria have higher sensitivity and specificity than TG18 criteria in diagnosing acute cholangitis patients.
Clinical Approach to Differentiating Epileptic Seizures from Bipolar Disorder Islamiyah, Wardah Rahmatul; Putera, Rudolph Muliawan
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 57, No 3 (2025)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15395/mkb.v57.4022

Abstract

Distinguishing between epileptic seizures and bipolar disorder in clinical setting presents a significant challenge due to overlapping symptoms and the complex mechanism underlying both conditions. This study offers a novel perspective by integrating the latest research and clinical practices to explore this intricate diagnostic landscape. Unlike previous studies that primarily focused on isolated aspects, this study synthesizes recent advancements in neuroimaging, wearable technology, and machine learning to enhance diagnostic accuracy. Data sources searched were Google Scholar, PubMed, and ScienceDirect using the keywords of ‘epileptic seizures’, ‘bipolar disorder’, ‘diagnosis’, ‘neuroimaging’, ‘wearable technology’, and ‘machine learning’. Following the Preferred Reporting Item for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) methodology, the findings highlight how the variability of mood episodes and their resemblance to seizure activity often complicate differential diagnosis. Moreover, they underscore the potentials of emerging technologies, such as real-time monitoring via wearable devices and AI-driven diagnostic tools, in refining current clinical approaches. This study emphasizes the necessity of clinic awareness regarding subtle but crucial distinctions between bipolar disorder and epileptic seizures. By leveraging continuous monitoring and data-driven insights, an innovative framework that combines clinical expertise with advanced technology is proposed, paving the way for more precise and effective diagnostic methods.
Functional Outcome of Biportal Endoscopy Spine Surgery for Lumbar Disc Herniation Diseases Risdianto, Ajid; Andar, Erie; Brotoarianto, Happy Kurnia; Priambada, Dody; Muttaqin, Zainal; Prihastomo, Krisna Tsaniadi; Bakthiar, Yuriz; Arifin, Muhammad Thohar
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 57, No 3 (2025)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15395/mkb.v57.4128

Abstract

Biportal endoscopic spine surgery (BESS) is an innovative, minimally invasive technique to treat lumbar disc herniation (LDH). BESS provides superior surgical visualization with minimal tissue dissection. However, its application requires a thorough understanding of endoscopic anatomy and adaptation of endoscopy equipment, which are key factors in achieving optimal functional outcomes post-surgery. This study aimed to evaluate the functional outcomes and complications of BESS performed on 49 patients between 2020 and 2022 at Dr. Kariadi Hospital, Semarang, Indonesia. The majority of patients (53%) had herniation at the L4-5 level, followed by L5-S1. Pain assessment using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) demonstrated a significant reduction in pain, from 4.26 to 1.5, post-surgery. Functional outcomes, as evaluated using MacNab’s Criteria, revealed that 93.8% of patients achieved a satisfactory condition, with 36.7% reporting no pain and 57.1% experiencing occasional pain that did not affect their daily activities. Complications were minimal, with two cases of dural tears and intraoperative bleeding. The study concludes that BESS is a safe and effective procedure for LDH, resulting in significant pain relief and functional improvement, although certain technical challenges persist.
Closure Techniques and Postoperative Outcomes of Major Lower Limb Amputation in Acute Limb Ischemia Khadafy, Reza; Hapsari, Putie; Utomo, Hafidh Seno Radi
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 57, No 3 (2025)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15395/mkb.v57.4149

Abstract

Amputation, derived from the Latin "amputare," refers to the removal of a body part covered by skin, often necessitated by acute limb ischemia (ALI). Effective wound closure is critical for minimizing complications, length of stay, costs, and the risk of re-amputation. This study compared postoperative outcomes of major lower limb amputation in ALI patients with primary versus delayed wound closure. A descriptive analytic study was conducted at Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia, from January 2020 to December 2023, analyzing medical records of 46 patients aged 19–85 years, with a predominance of female patients. Thrombosis was the leading cause of ALI (76.1%), and hypertension was the most frequent comorbidity. Significant differences were observed in stump complications and revision surgery rates between primary and delayed wound closure groups (p<0.05), while length of stay and mortality did not show statistically significant differencesy. In conclusion, the study highlights a significant relationship between different wound closure methods and complications, suggesting that choice of closure technique may influence the postoperative outcomes in ALI patients.

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