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BIOTROPIA - The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology
Published by Southeast Asian Regional Centre for Tropical Biology
ISSN : 02156334     EISSN : 1907770X     DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.11598/btb
Core Subject : Health, Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology Veterinary
BIOTROPIA, The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology, is a scientific publication of the Southeast Asian Ministers of Education Organization (SEAMEO) – Southeast Asian Regional Center for Tropical Biology (BIOTROP). It publishes articles in the broad areas of tropical ecosystems and environmental impacts, biodiversity conservation and sustainable development and biotechnology.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 520 Documents
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Introduction of the Serine Green Fluorescent Protein (sGFP) Gene into Pyricularia grisea Race dc4 Isolated from Digitaria ciliaris using Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated Genetic Transformation Stephanie, Stephanie; Widyastuti, Utut; Wiyono, Suryo
BIOTROPIA Vol. 22 No. 1 (2015): BIOTROPIA Vol. 22 No. 1 June 2015
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11598/btb.2015.22.1.329

Abstract

Blast disease (caused by Pyricularia grisea) has long been known as a serious problem for upland rice, and recently, it has also begun infecting lowland rice. However, the mechanism enabling this range expansion is still unknown. One possible method to study this shift is by inserting a marker gene into P. grisea so that its spread can be monitored. The sGFP (Synthetic Green Fluorescent Protein) gene has been widely used as a reporter to track gene expression and cellular processes in fungi. In this study, the sGFP gene was integrated into the genome of P. grisea isolate DC4 from Digitaria ciliaris. The sGFP plasmid was first introduced into Agrobacterium tumefaciens using the triparental mating method (TPM). Genetic transformation was then carried out by co-cultivating spores of P. grisea DC4 with A. tumefaciens strain LBA4404 harboring the pCAMBIA-sGFP construct. Transformants were selected on medium containing 300 µg/mL hygromycin. Successful integration of the sGFP gene into the fungal genome was confirmed using PCR with sGFP-specific primers, an sGFP–Nos terminator primer pair, and a β-tubulin primer pair as an internal control. Fluorescent microscopy using blue light excitation confirmed sGFP expression in the P. grisea DC4 transformant.
Growth and Development of Oil Palm Shoots Under Different Light Qualities Manoh, Helena Patricia; Yanti, Yanti; Toruan-Mathius, Nurita
BIOTROPIA Vol. 28 No. 1 (2021): BIOTROPIA Vol. 28 No. 1 April 2021
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11598/btb.0.0.0.903

Abstract

Light is one of the most important factor in plant tissue culture. The growth and development of plant in vitro are affected by light quality. This study examines the influence of different light qualities on the in vitro growth and development of oil palm shoots. Oil palm shoots were cultured in Murashige & Skoog medium under either white fluorescent lamp, white light-emitting diode (LED), red LED, blue LED, combination of red and blue LED, or in darkness. The results show that the growth and development of oil palm shoots are influenced by the light quality. Root initiation and shoot elongation were good under red light, while chlorophyll and sugar content was better produced under white and blue light than red light. In addition to white fluorescent lamp, the combination of red and blue LED resulted in higher growth parameter compared to other light treatments, but the results were not significantly different.
QUALITY IMPROVEMENT OF DISQUALIFIED TIGER PRAWN (Penaeus monodon Fab.) BROODSTOCK USING DOPAMINE Riani, Etty; TOELIHERE, MOZES; EFFENDIE, ICHSAN; YUSUF, TUTI L; AGUNGPRIYONO, SRIHADI
BIOTROPIA Vol. 17 No. 1 (2010): BIOTROPIA Vol. 17 No. 1 June 2010
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11598/btb.2010.17.1.55

Abstract

Disqualified  tiger prawn broodstock  is the one that has undergone ablation after two breeding periodes which causes high production cost pollution of environment  and difficulties in  providing it continuously  with enough quantity at exact time  The purpose of this  study is to find  the proper dosage of dopamine  which will give  good quality  for  breeding of the disqualified tiger prawn  because  dopamine  inhibits  maturation  so it has  enough  time for maturation  and can be improved  the eggs  quality This experiment used 15 pairs the twice breeding tiger prawn  which is taken from Perigi  Central Java  The sample were treated with  difference dosage of dopamine dosage  109    108  107  106  moll  and  controlinjected by aquabidest  The parameters  were identified  in this  experiment  are  duration  days  for eggs maturation fecundity fertilizing rate  hatching  rate   egg  diameter  and phototaxis respnnsive of the  nauplii The result of this research are the of the average  of duration  for eggs  maturation  on the broodstock  that were injected  dopamine dosage  109    108  107  106  moll  and  control were   14  12  4  2  5  days  Fecundity   561489   503000   384205   230850   and  150034   Fertilizing rate  898    821   560   463     and  232      Hatching rate   7953  7253   4775   1227   and  366   Diameter  029  029  029  027  and  027mm   The nauplii  that had  produced by  injected broodstock by dosage  109    108  107  have the positive phototaxis responsive  while dosage   106   and control  were weak Key words Disqualified  dopamine dosage duration maturation fecundity fertilizing hatching diameters nauplii  
ANTIOXIDANT METABOLISM IN WATER STRESSED PEANUT TREATED WITH DINICONAZOLE G C RIVERO
BIOTROPIA - The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology No. 5 (1992)
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11598/btb.1992.0.5.196

Abstract

The response of alpha-tocopherol, glutathione and ascorbate was studied in peanut (Arachis hypogea L., cv. NC-17)  subjected  to water  stress  and  treated with  a  triazole  fungicide,  diniconazole  (DINI).  There was  no significant  difference  in  alpha-tocopherol  levels  between  control  and DINI  treated  plants. However,  a  14% increase was observed in alpha-tocopherol level in DINI treated, water stressed plants compared to water stressed plants. Total glutathione  in DINI  treated  stressed plants  increased by 13  and  31% over  control and water stressed plants, respectively. Ascorbate levels decreased significantly in all treatments compared to the control. These results indicate that DINI alleviates the oxidative damage caused by water stress by increasing total glutathione levels. However, DINI does not seem to affect alpha-tocopherol and ascorbate levels in peanuts under water stress.
Ecological Services of Agroforestry Landscapes in Selected Watershed Areas in the Philippines and Indonesia Baliton, Romnick S.; Wulandari, Christine; Landicho, Leila D.; Cabahug, Rowena E. D.; Paelmo, Roselyn F.; Comia, Reynaldo A.; Visco, Roberto G.; Budiono, Pitojo; Herwanti, Susni; Rusita, Rusita; Castillo, Arnold Karl SA.
BIOTROPIA Vol. 24 No. 1 (2017): BIOTROPIA Vol. 24 No. 1 April 2017
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11598/btb.2017.24.1.621

Abstract

This article argues that the practice of agroforestry provides ecological contributions to smallholder farmers cultivating in watershed areas. Specifically, this farming system contributes to the carbon sequestration potential of woody perennials and the biodiversity conservation of other system components. This argument is based on research conducted in the Molawin-Dampalit Sub-Watershed, Mt. Makiling Forest Reserve in the Philippines, and the Way Betung Watershed in Indonesia. The research involved interview sessions with 106 and 261 smallholder farmers, and the assessment of 27 and 14 agroforestry plots for carbon stock assessment and biodiversity assessment, respectively. Results indicated that the total carbon found among the crop components was 52.32 MgC/ha in the Molawin-Dampalit Sub-Watershed and 244.26 MgC/ha in the Way Betung Watershed, suggesting a high carbon sequestration potential of woody perennials and understory crops in an agroforestry system. The farm lots cultivated by smallholder farmers were found to contribute to biodiversity conservation, having a moderate biodiversity index of 2.59 and 2.53, respectively. With these findings, the promotion of desired agroforestry systems in suitable portions of watershed areas should be intensified to contribute to ecological balance across the landscape. Agroforestry should always be an integral part of all initiatives toward ecological restoration, with cultivators or smallholder farmers as potential partners. The agroforestry system should consider all technical and socioeconomic factors to ensure diverse components and provide food security for smallholder farmers throughout the year.
V. PRELIMINARY STUDY ON ISOZYMES OF SHOREA JAVANICA JUNIARTI, U.
BIOTROPIA Vol. 1 No. 1 (1987)
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11598/btb.1987.1.1.89

Abstract

The detection of genetic variability in natural or man-made populations/ plantations is useful in both basic and applied biology. In addition to the various facets of studies on Shorea javanica already initiated by Torquebiau (1984) and alongside with his recommendations on focus for future research, a study on the genetic aspects of the species should be given important considerations. As the trees are tapped for resin, an important forest product, the genetic basis of the production as well as the range of variation in amount of resin production among the trees must be known. Coupled with this is a thorough investigation on the differences in pest resistance/susceptability among the trees and their genetic basis. While the assumption (Torquebiau 1984) that trees in natural forest areas are-rarely attacked by diseases because of mycorrhizal fungi is interesting, its confirmation is necessary. If this is true, problems would arise when plants are introduced into a new plantation site as experienced by the Forest Research Institute (Ardikoesuma 1954). Thus, we need to look for pest resistant plants i.e. those that can remain healthy even in the absence of mycorrhizae. The above studies on possible genetic variation could give vital information for development of forest plantations of the species and for breeding and tree improvement strategies. By knowing the extent of genetic variation in natural population or in plantations one could be guided to maintain or increase the genetic base in these areas. Biochemical characters such as isozyme banding patterns have been useful in several areas of plant biology, population genetics, evolution and breeding. Isozymes are detected by starch gel electrophoresis and when their genetic control is established, they could be genetic markers in analyzing variation in morphological or physiological characters. The present study is an attempt to detect the isozymes in leaves, seeds and cotyledons of Shorea javanica by gel electrophoresis.
NOTES ON THE ASTERACEAE OF SUMATERA SRI SUDARMIYATI TJITROSOEDIRDJO
BIOTROPIA - The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology No. 19 (2002)
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11598/btb.2002.0.19.230

Abstract

An account of the tribe composition, endemic taxa, comparison with adjacent areas and weedy Asteraceae of Sumatera is given. Based on the records of January 2000, there are 133 species of 74 genera in 11 tribes.  The tribe Heliantheae is the largest, with 28% of the total number of the genera, followed by Astereae with 15%, Inuleae 12%, Senecioneae 10%, Anthemideae, Eupatorieae and Lactuceae 8%, the other tribes are represented by 4% or less. The most diverse genus is Blumea with 14 species. Other genera are only represented by 10 species or less, usually 4, or 3, or 2, and mostly by 1 species only. Thirty nine or about 53% are exotic genera and the native ones are less than half of the total number of the genera. In terms of indigenous and endemic species, Sumatera is richer than Java. There are 1 genus, 7 species and 2 varieties of Asteraceae endemic to Sumatera. A number of 43 important weed species were introduced from Tropical America, Africa, Asia and Europe. Among these Chromolaena odorata and Mikania micrantha are reported as the most noxious ones.  List of the genera and species recorded in Sumatera is provided in this paper. Key words : Asteraceae/Sumatera/compositions/endemic species/distribution/weedy Asteraceae
Fire Spot Identification Based on Hotspot Sequential Pattern and Burned Area Classification Sitanggang, Imas Sukaesih; Istiqomah, Nalar; Syaufina, Lailan
BIOTROPIA Vol. 25 No. 3 (2018): BIOTROPIA Vol. 25 No. 3 December 2018
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11598/btb.2018.25.3.676

Abstract

Indonesia has the world's largest tropical peatlands of about 14.9 million hectares that have important life support roles. However, fire frequently occurs in peatlands. According to experts and field forest firefighters, fire hotspots that appear in a sequence of two to three days at the same location have a high potential of becoming a forest fire. This study aimed to determine the sequential patterns of hotspot occurrences, classify satellite image data and identify the fire spots. Fire spot identification was done using hotspot sequence patterns that were overlaid with burned area classification results. Sequential pattern mining using the Prefix Span algorithm was applied to identify sequences of hotspot occurrence. Maximum Likelihood method was applied to classify Landsat 7 satellite images toward identifying burned areas in Pulang Pisau and Palangkaraya in Central Kalimantan and Pontianak in West Kalimantan. Sequence patterns were overlaid with image classification results. The study results show that in Pulang Pisau, 26.19% of sequence patterns are located in burned areas and 72.62% sequence patterns were found in the buffer of burned area within a radius of one kilometer. As for Palangkaraya, there were 62.50% sequence patterns located in burned areas and 87.50% sequence patterns in the buffer of burned area within the radius of one kilometer. In total, there were 72.62% and 87.50% fire hotspots recorded in Pisau and Palangkaraya, respectively, which are strong indicators of peatland fires.
INFLUENCE OF MEDIA GELLING AGENTS ON ROOT BIOMASS AND IN VITRO VA-MYCORRfflZAL SYMBIOSIS OF CARROT WITH GIGASPORA MARGARITA PAL BHATIA, NAVEEN; ADHOLEYA, ALOK; VERMA, ANJALI
BIOTROPIA No. 10 (1997)
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11598/btb.1997.0.10.128

Abstract

An in vitro study with Ri-TDNA transformed roots of carrot  (Daucus carota) was carried out  to evaluate  the role of macro-elements contributed as impurities in  the gelling agent (phytagel) over and above  those present  in the minimal (M) medium. Production of root biomass was taken as a measure to quantify the influence of macro-elements added to the minimal medium. The levels of phosphorus when adjusted to 1.19 mg/1 and 1.09 mg/l, lead to dry root biomass production at par with the control. Attempts made to lower the amount of impurities in phytagel by de-ionization using different alkalies, proved NaOH to give the best results in terms of relatively high amount of root biomass. In an in vitro dual culture system with carrot as host and Gigaspora margarita as the vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus, phytagel impurities helped to produce maximum number of infection units and auxiliary cells when phytagel was added to the minimal medium.Key words:    Agrobacterium    rhiiogenesfDaucus    caro/a/Gelling    agents/diaspora    margarita/Macro- elements/Vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhiza/Transformed roots.
Exotic Plants of Halimun Salak Corridor: Micro-Environment, Detection and Risk Analysis of Invasive Plants Junaedi, Decky Indrawan; -, Dodo -
BIOTROPIA Vol. 21 No. 1 (2014): BIOTROPIA Vol. 21 No. 1 June 2014
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11598/btb.2014.21.1.308

Abstract

The research of exotic plant species detection and invasive plant risk analysis conducted in Halimun Salak corridor area. This study aims to do inventory of exotic plant species in this area and perform invasive plant risk analysis to the exotic plants found. The invasion risk assessment of detected exotic plants analyzed using Weed Risk Assessment (WRA) method. Moreover, analysis of multi-dimensional scaling (MDS) based on inequality performed on relative humidity, light intensity, and soil pH. There are eleven exotic plant species which consist of three tree species and eight species of herbs / shrubs. Lantana camara and Camellia sinensis are the exotic species with biggest and smallest WRA score respectively.  MDS analysis shows that exotic tree species have similar environmental variables. Moreover, environmental variables of Clidemia hirta are relatively different from other exotic species found in the Halimun Salak corridor.Recommendations for the management of invasive exotic plant species in the area are:  immediate management implementation, priority of eradication to exotics that have not been abundant but have a high risk score, two management options (gradual eradication or containment) should be considered for exotics with very high WRA score such as Ageratina riparina, Chromolaena odorata and Lantana camara.

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