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BIOTROPIA - The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology
Published by Southeast Asian Regional Centre for Tropical Biology
ISSN : 02156334     EISSN : 1907770X     DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.11598/btb
Core Subject : Health, Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology Veterinary
BIOTROPIA, The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology, is a scientific publication of the Southeast Asian Ministers of Education Organization (SEAMEO) – Southeast Asian Regional Center for Tropical Biology (BIOTROP). It publishes articles in the broad areas of tropical ecosystems and environmental impacts, biodiversity conservation and sustainable development and biotechnology.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 520 Documents
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HARVESTING TIME AND VIABILITY OF Ixora coccinea 'Dwarf Red Coccinea' POLLEN David Leung
BIOTROPIA - The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology Vol. 28 No. 1 (2021): BIOTROPIA Vol. 28 No. 1 April 2021
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11598/btb.0.0.0.1159

Abstract

The cultivated variety of the non-native I. coccinea,   Knowledge about pollen of Ixora coccinea, cv. ‘Dwarf Red Coccinea’ to be collected for basic investigations or plant breeding purposes is limited. Under a light microscope, I. coccinea, cv. ‘Dwarf Red Coccinea’ pollen was generally prolate in shape which was different from that of  I. congesta and I. arborea. In addition, the quantity, viability and germinability of pollen collected at different times from 8 am to 4 pm in a summer day from the flowers of I. coccinea, cv. ‘Dwarf Red Coccinea’ were investigated. Pollen quantity was determined using a haemacytometer while the viable and germinable pollen was examined after staining with 1% acetocarmine and germinating on a modified agar-gelled germination medium, respectively. The I. coccinea, cv. ‘Dwarf Red Coccinea’ pollen collected at 10 am exhibited the highest pollen density and germination percentage of 53.3×104 pollen/ml and 72.05%, respectively. When these pollen were germinated on the artificial medium supplemented with various sucrose concentrations, the highest in vitro '˜Dwarf Red Coccinea' pollen germinability was found on a medium containing 10% sucrose. It was concluded that the best time to collect I. coccinea, cv. '˜Dwarf Red Coccinea' pollen was at 10 AM. Further studies would be worthwhile to investigate more closely the effect of changes in the environmental factors (for example, ambient temperature and humidity) even within the same day on harvestable pollen quantity and quality as well as pistil phenology to develop a more complete breeding strategy for Ixora.
VIABILITY AND PLASMA MEMBRANE INTEGRITY OF THE SPOTTED BUFFALO EPIDIDYMAL SPERMATOZOA AFTER THAWING WITH THE ADDITION OF DEXTROSE INTO THE EXTENDER YULNAWATI, YULNAWATI; H. MAHESHWARI; HERDIS; M. RIZAL
BIOTROPIA Vol. 16 No. 1 (2009): BIOTROPIA Vol. 16 No. 1 June 2009
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11598/btb.2009.16.1.63

Abstract

The objective of this study was to obtain the viability and plasma membrane integrity of the spotted buffalo epididymal sperm after addition of dextrose into AndromedÒ extender.  Spermatozoa that have been collected from cauda epididymis were diluted with AndromedÒ extender as control (K) and AndromedÒ + 0.2% dextrose (P1) and AndromedÒ + 0.4% dextrose (P2) as treatments.  The results showed that the quality of epididymal spermatozoa decreased during cryopreservation process.  The percentage of motility after thawing in P1 (46%) and P2 (46.67%) were significantly higher (P
SOIL QUALITY CHANGES FOLLOWING FOREST CLEARANCE IN BENGKULU, SUMATRA I P HANDAYANI
BIOTROPIA - The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology No. 22 (2004)
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11598/btb.2004.0.22.205

Abstract

Intense destruction and degradation of tropical forests is recognized as one of the environmental threats and tragedies. These have increased the need to assess the effects of subsequent land-use following forest extraction on soil quality. Therefore, the objective of this study is to evaluate the impacts of land-use type on soil quality properties in Bengkulu Province, Sumatra. Soil samples were collected from adjacent sites including natural secondary forest, bare land, cultivated land and grassland. The results show that land-use following forest clearance lowered saturated hydraulic conductivity (85%), porosity (10.50%), soil water content at field capacity (34%),C organic (27%), N total (26%), inorganic N (37%), soil microbial biomass C (32%), mineralizable C (22%), and particulate organic matter (50%), but slightly increased water soluble organic C. Specific respiration activity rates increased about 14% in cultivated soils compared to natural forest soils, indicating greater C turnover per labile C pool in the form of soil microbial biomass, thus decreased biologically active soil organic matter. Forest conversion tends to reduce the C,ffg/Crer for all deforested sites. All of deforested areas relatively have infertile soil, with the worst case found in cultivated field. The C^g/Crd of cultivated fields was about 24% less than that of remnant forest (1.07). Grassland apparently maintains only slightly higher soil C levels than the bare land. On average, degradation index of soil following forest clearance was 35% with the highest deterioration occurred in the bare land (38%). Fallowing the fields by naturally growth of  Imperata cylindrica  for about 15 yr in abandoned land after 3-5 years of cultivation did not improve the soil quality. Moreover, forest clearance has an impact on soil quality as resulted in the loss of a physically protected organic matter and reduction in some labile C pools, thus declined biological activity at disturbed ecosystems. Keywords: Degradation index / forest / Imperata cylindrica grassland / soil quality/ soil organic matter
High Outcrossing Rate and Pollen Dispersal Distance of Diospyros celebica Bakh. (Ebenaceae), an Endemic Tree Species in Sulawesi Island, Indonesia Restu, Muhammad; G., Gusmiaty; Larekeng, Siti Halimah
BIOTROPIA Vol. 24 No. 3 (2017): BIOTROPIA Vol. 24 No. 3 December 2017
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11598/btb.2017.24.3.562

Abstract

Diosphyros celebica Bakh., also known as Sulawesi ebony, is an endemic to central and northern Sulawesi. Information about pollen dispersal patterns of D. celebica have not been previously investigated. This study was aimed to determine pollination type, percentage of selfing and outcrossing, as well as distance of pollen dispersal of D. celebica. This study was conducted at experimental forest of Universitas Hasanuddin, Maros District, South Sulawesi Province, Indonesia. One hundred and sixty six individuals of D. celebica consisted of adult trees and seedlings were analyzed in this study. Ninety four adult trees were selected to become parent trees. The trees were mapped with GPS coordinates . All samples were genotyped using four SSR markers loci. Parental analysis and determination of pollen dispersal patterns were carried out using Cervus 3.0.3. Results indicated that the evaluated markers were effective for assigning candidate of male parents to all evaluated seedlings. Donated pollens could come from male parents in any directions relative to female parent positions. Pollen dispersal pattern showed outcrossing pollination among different male parents (pollen donated trees). The results indicated that seeds were produced predominatly by outcrossing. Pollen dispersal reached up to 166 m. Pollen related processes were linked through female parents, pollinators availability and ecological environment. Simultaneous use of progeny genotyping, spatially explicit analysis of environmental variables and outcomes of plant–animal interactions, were the key elements for an expanded approach to gene flow analysis considering dispersal via pollen and seeds. Research on pollen dispersal of D. celebica should be carried out in other forest types, such as mixed forest and highland forest.
ANTAGONISTIC EFFECT OF FOUR FUNGAL ISOLATES TO GANODERMA BONINENSE, THE CAUSAL AGENT OF BASAL STEM ROT OF OIL PALM DHARMAPUTRA, OKKY SETYAWATI
BIOTROPIA No. 3 (1989)
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11598/btb.1989.0.3.99

Abstract

ANTAGONISTIC EFFECT OF FOUR FUNGAL ISOLATES TOGANODERMA BONINENSE, THE CAUSAL AGENT OF BASAL STEM ROT OF OIL PALM
DENGUE EARLY WARNING MODEL USING CLIMATE INFORMATION Hidayati, Rini -
BIOTROPIA Vol. 19 No. 1 (2012): BIOTROPIA Vol. 19 No. 1 June 2012
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11598/btb.2012.19.1.236

Abstract

The use of early warning system is potential adaptation options to reduce the impact of the climate variability and change.  This study aims to develop a dengue early warning model using climate information.  The model was developed through three steps of analysis.  First step was to determine the length of periods used in prediction and optimal time for eradicating Aedes aegypti mosquito’s breeding sites.  Second step was to identify the best prediction model of dengue incidence rate (IR).  Third step was to develop an early warning model using stochastic spreadsheet.   It was found that the best predictors for predicting dengue incidence rate at week-n (IRn) were (1) rainfall index with two weeks lead time (ICHn-2).  The rainfall index of week-nth is a function of three week moving averages rainfall (CH3), i.e. (CH3n-1.155*CH3n-1+0.702*CHn-2), and (2) IR with one week lead time (IRn-1).  The IR model prediction was IRn = 0.795*IRn-1+0.067*ICHn-2 with R2=76.6%.  These models (result model from first and third step) can be used to provide early warning on optimum time for controlling the mosquito’s breeding sites and the need for fogging action in order to avoid the dengue incidence rate beyond the critical limit defined by the Ministry of Health
Placement of Syzygium boerlagei (Merr.) Govaerts (Myrtaceae) Confirmed With Atpb-Rbcl Intergenic Spacer Widodo, Pudji; Chikmawati, Tatik; Kusuma, Yayan Wahyu Candra
BIOTROPIA Vol. 26 No. 1 (2019): BIOTROPIA Vol. 26 No. 1 April 2019
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11598/btb.2019.26.1.823

Abstract

A molecular analysis was conducted to determine whether Eugenia boerlagei Merr. (Myrtaceae) belongs to genus Eugenia or Syzygium based on sequences of cpDNA fragments namely atpB-rbcL intergenic spacer. The study used seven specimens of Syzygium sect. Jambosa, three of Syzygium sect. Syzygium, two of Eugenia s.s. and one of Eugenia boerlagei Merr. with Baeckea ovalifolia and B. tuberculata as the outgroup. The results show that Eugenia boerlagei is appropriately placed under the genus Syzygium.
PHYTOCHEMICAL STUDY OF CELL CULTURE JATROPHA CURCAS ELFAHMI, ELFAHMI; ARTRI; RUSLAN, KOMAR
BIOTROPIA Vol. 18 No. 1 (2011): BIOTROPIA Vol. 18 No. 1 June 2011
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11598/btb.2011.18.1.137

Abstract

Jatropha curcas belongs to the Euphorbiaceae family which has potential economically. This plant has been reported to contain toxic compounds such as curcin and phorbol ester and its derivatives. These compounds may become a problem if J. curcas will be explored as a source of biofuel. In order to provide safety plants, the research on the study of phytochemical and initiation of cell and organ culture have been carried out. J curcas which has been collected from different regions in Indonesia showed to contain relatively the same profile of chemical contents. Dominant compounds that were detected by GCMS are hidrocarbon such as  2-heptenal, decadienal, hexsadecane, pentadecane, cyclooctane etc, fatty acid such as oktadecanoate acid, etthyl linoleate, ethyl stearate, heksadecanoate acid and steroid such as stigmasterol, fucosterol, sitosterol. No phorbol ester and its derivatives have been detected yet by the GCMS method. Callus and suspension cultures of J. curcas have been established to be used for further investigation.   Keywords: Jatropha curcas, phytochemical, biofuel, cell culture, steroid, hydrocarbon, fatty acid
Influence of Water Stress and Plant Age on the Yield and Chemical Composition of Essential Oil From Cymbopogon winterianus Jowitt Abduh, Muhammad Yusuf; Ibarahim, Izni Nur; Atika, Ulya; Manurung, Robert; Suheryadi, Dedi
BIOTROPIA Vol. 27 No. 1 (2020): BIOTROPIA Vol. 27 No. 1 April 2020
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11598/btb.2020.27.1.1152

Abstract

Citronella oil, which is also known as Java citronella oil, is typically obtained from the leaves of Cymbopogon winterianus Jowitt and has been widely used as an antiseptic, fragrance, flavor, and many other applications. However, systematic studies on the factors affecting the yield and composition of citronella oil are limited. Hence, this study was carried out to investigate the influence of water stress (low to high) and plant age (0.5 to 5 years) on the yield and composition of citronella oil. Citronella leaves were dried at room temperature (26–30 °C) with a relative humidity of 62–74% for 3 days before the citronella oil was extracted using a steam distillation unit. Introducing a high water stress condition to the plants increased the yield from 0.80% (control) to 1.4% (high water stress) dry weight. The geraniol content slightly increased from 15% to 17%, whereas the citronellal content considerably increased from 31% to 44% when the plants were subjected to high water stress in comparison to the control. The oil yield increased with plant age before it reached its plateau at 3.5% dry weight at age 4 years. However, the composition of citronella oil did not significantly vary with plant age.
THE PRESERVATION OF MILK WITH THE ADDITION OF ANTIBACTERIAL AND AROMATIC SUPPLEMENTS PRODUCED IN INDONESIA Khusniati, Tatik; Widyastuti, Yantyati
BIOTROPIA Vol. 15 No. 1 (2008): BIOTROPIA Vol. 15 No. 1 June 2008
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11598/btb.2008.15.1.5

Abstract

The preservation of milk with additional antibacterial and aromatic supplements, produced in Indonesia, was investigated. Organoleptic performances of milk with the addition of 10% supplements, made as juices, were tested by panellists, and the total bacteria, protease activities, lipase activities and acidities, were detected by total plate counts, azocasein method, modified dole extraction and base-acid titration, respectively. Out of the 27 supplemented skim and whole milk samples, 15 whole milk samples and 10 skim milk samples were selected as acceptable, based on their better organoleptic performances, their lower bacterial counts, protease and lipase activi­ties, and their acidities percentages which were not significantly different, compared to that of control, at 5 days after the expiry date (P

Page 26 of 52 | Total Record : 520

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