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BIOTROPIA - The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology
Published by Southeast Asian Regional Centre for Tropical Biology
ISSN : 02156334     EISSN : 1907770X     DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.11598/btb
Core Subject : Health, Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology Veterinary
BIOTROPIA, The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology, is a scientific publication of the Southeast Asian Ministers of Education Organization (SEAMEO) – Southeast Asian Regional Center for Tropical Biology (BIOTROP). It publishes articles in the broad areas of tropical ecosystems and environmental impacts, biodiversity conservation and sustainable development and biotechnology.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 520 Documents
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Stemflow, Throughfall and Rainwater Interception of Eight Indonesian Tree Species Sofiah, Siti; Soejono, Soejono
BIOTROPIA Vol. 27 No. 1 (2020): BIOTROPIA Vol. 27 No. 1 April 2020
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11598/btb.2020.27.1.726

Abstract

Tree architecture affects how rainwater is partitioned into canopy interception, throughfall, and stemflow. The canopy shape and bark/leaf surface morphology influence the plants' ability to intercept and redistribute rainwater. Therefore, tree structure plays a key role in soil and water conservation, particularly in reducing erosion and runoff. This research was conducted to predict the most suitable tree species for soil and water conservation and recorded 32 rainfall events during the rainy season from January 2014 to March 2015 in Purwodadi–LIPI, Indonesia. The stemflow, throughfall, individual tree architectural characteristics, and leaf morphology were measured for eight selected local tree species, namely: Sterculia cordata, Aleurites moluccana, Buchanania arborescens, Calophyllum inophyllum, Dysoxylum gaudichaudianum, Peltophorum pterocarpum, Alstonia scholaris, and Pometia pinnata. The species that showed the greatest interception capacity was Aleurites moluccana, with 68.1% of rainfall intercepted. Special leaf characteristics (such as fine hairs), globose stems, and long, grooved bark likely contributed to a greater relative interception of rainwater compared to other species. The throughfall and stemflow of each species were closely correlated with rainfall amount but not with rainfall intensity.
IN VITRO PROPAGATION OF ANGIOPTERIS EVECTA USING SPORES POONAM BHATIA; DAMIEN CUPITT; NANJAPPA ASHWATH
BIOTROPIA - The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology No. 16 (2001)
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11598/btb.2001.0.16.161

Abstract

Techniques of establishing Angiopleris evecta plants  in vitro were studied. Soaking of A. evecta spores in water for 24 hours markedly reduced spore contamination. Soaking of the spores in 1 -2 % of sodium hypochlorite for  less  than 5 minutes allowed satisfactory disinfestation without affecting spore viability. Lower concentration of minerals (1/4 MS), presence of charcoal in the medium and exposure of the spores to light were crucial for spore germination and gainetophytc development of A. evecta. Keywords:   Angiopleris evecta I King fern / spore / MS medium / bleach / light / tissue culture / sporophyte / gamctophytc
Diversity and Ecology of Understory Plant in Sempu Island, East Java, Indonesia Hapsari, Lia; Abywijaya, Ilham Kurnia; Nurfadilah, Siti; Rindyastuti, Ridesti
BIOTROPIA Vol. 27 No. 3 (2020): BIOTROPIA Vol. 27 No. 3 December 2020
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11598/btb.0.0.0.1145

Abstract

As an indicator of environmental disturbances, the understory is an important structural and functional component of forest ecosystems. Hence, this study was conducted to assess the diversity and composition of understory plants in the lowland forests adjacent to the trekking paths along Semut Bay (dock entrance), Segara Anakan Lagoon, and several coastal areas in Sempu Island, and to determine their relationship with the underlying environmental factors as disturbance indicators through the presence of understory invasive alien species (IAS). Sixty site plots of 2 × 2 m² were established to analyze the understory vegetation, site profiles, and environmental variables. A total of 135 understory plant species belonging to 108 genera and 60 families were recorded within the 60 plots of the study areas. Poaceae was the dominant family, followed by Compositae, Phyllanthaceae, Sterculiaceae, Rubiaceae, Putranjivaceae, and Cyperaceae. The understory communities in the lowland forest adjacent to Semut Path were dominated by tree seedlings and had a relatively lower composition of shrubs. Coastal areas, which have more open canopies, were dominated by grasses and shrubs. Some dominant native understory species included Grewia spp., Cycas rumphii, and others. Indicating disturbance, 12 understory IAS were found in the study areas. Four of these are among the world’s worst invaders (Ageratum conyzoides, Chromolaena odorata, Lantana camara, Mikania micrantha), and three are noxious weeds (Eleusine indica and Imperata cylindrica). Light intensity and air temperature were strongly and positively associated with disturbed sites, while relative humidity, soil pH, and elevation were associated with less disturbed sites. The study results provide a scientific basis and recommendations on the current diversity status of understory plant species at Sempu Island, helping justify further conservation of indigenous species and their protection from disturbances.
THERMAL INSULATION MATERIAL MADE FROM OIL PALM EMPTY FRUIT BUNCH FIBRES Erwinsyah,; Richter, C.
BIOTROPIA Vol. 14 No. 1 (2007): BIOTROPIA Vol. 14 No. 1 June 2007
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11598/btb.2007.14.1.23

Abstract

The objectives of this study were to characterize cut oil palm empty fruit bunch (EFB) fibres to focus on the manufacturing of environmentally friendly thermal insulation material from these fibres for building purposes.
CONTROL OF AFLATOXIGENIC Aspergillus flavus IN PEANUTS USING NONAFLATOXIGENIC A. flavus, A. niger and Trichoderma harzianum OKKY S.DHARMAPUTRA
BIOTROPIA - The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology No. 21 (2003)
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11598/btb.2003.0.21.187

Abstract

The effects of nontoxigenic Aspergillus flavus, A. niger and Trichoderma harzianum inoculated into planting media on toxigenic A. flavus infection and its aflatoxin production in peanut kernels at harvest were investigated together with (1) the moisture content of planting media before peanut planting, at the time of inflorescence, and at harvest, (2) the population of aflatoxigenic and nonaflatoxigenic A. flavus, A. niger and T. harzianum  in peanut planting media before peanut planting, at the time of inflorescence, and at harvest, (3) the moisture content of peanut kernels at harvest, and (4) toxigenic A. flavus invasion in peanut plant parts (roots, stems, petioles, leaves and flowers) at the time of inflorescence. The fungal isolates were inoculated into planting media at the same time with the planting of peanut seeds. Peanut plants were grown under glasshouse conditions. Treated planting media were inoculated with the combined use of (1) toxigenic and nontoxigenic A. flavus, (2) toxigenic A. flavus and A. niger, and (3) toxigenic A. flavus and T. harzianum. Planting media inoculated only with each fungal isolate and uninoculated planting media were used as controls. Two watering treatments of peanut plants were carried out, i.e. watering until harvest and not watering for 15 days before harvest. The populations of the fungal isolates in the planting media and peanut kernels were determined using dilution method followed by pour plate method; the percentages of toxigenic A. flavus and test fungal colonizations in peanut plant parts were determined using plating method; the moisture content of planting media and peanut kernels were determined  using oven method; the aflatoxin content of peanut kernels was determined using Thin Layer Chromatography method. The results indicated that at the time of harvest the decrease in moisture contents of planting media not watered for 15 days before harvest was higher than those watered until harvest. The lowest population of toxigenic A. flavus was in planting media inoculated with the combined use of toxigenic and nontoxigenic A. flavus at the time of inflorescence and at the time of harvest. Toxigenic A. flavus could invade the roots, stems and flowers of peanut plants. The lowest percentage of invasion was on the plant parts which planting media were inoculated with the combined use of toxigenic and nontoxigenic A. flavus. The moisture content of peanut kernels originated from watered plants until harvest were higher than those not watered for 15 days before harvest. The population of toxigenic A. flavus  in peanut kernels derived from the plants whose planting media were inoculated with the combined use of toxigenic A. flavus and each test fungi, was lower than those inoculated only with toxigenic A. flavus.  It indicated that the test fungi inoculated into planting media could inhibit toxigenic A. flavus  infection in peanut kernels. Aflatoxin was only detected in peanut kernels originated from one plant whose planting medium was inoculated only with toxigenic A. flavus and the plant was watered until the time of harvest. Toxigenic A. flavus infection and aflatoxin production were not influenced by planting media which were not watered for 15 days before harvest. Keywords:  Biocontrol / Aflatoxigenic / Nonaflatoxigenic / Aspergillus flavus I Aspergillus niger I Trichoderma harzianum I Peanuts
Distribution of Invasive Plant Species in Different Land-Use Systems in Sumatera, Indonesia Wahyuni, Indah; Sulistijorini, Sulistijorini; Setiabudi, Setiabudi; Meijide, Ana; Nomura, Miki; Kreft, Holger; Rembold, Katja; Tjitrosoedirdjo, Sri Sudarmiyati; Tjitrosoedirdjo, Soekisman
BIOTROPIA Vol. 23 No. 2 (2016): BIOTROPIA Vol. 23 No. 2 December 2016
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11598/btb.2016.23.2.534

Abstract

Disturbances caused by the conversion of rain forests into agricultural systems provide an opportunity for the expansion of Invasive Plant Species (IPS). Bukit Duabelas National Park is one of the few remaining lowland forests in Jambi Province (Sumatera, Indonesia). The surrounding areas up to the national park borders have already been converted into jungle rubber agroforests as well as rubber and oil palm plantations which might lead to an increased spread of IPS into the forest. This study was aimed at compiling a list of IPS and determining their distribution and coverage of IPS in four land use systems (rain forest jungle rubber, rubber and oil palm plantations). Spatial distribution patterns were investigated by creating a horizontal vegetation profile diagram for the permanent plots of the EFForTS project (Ecological and Socioeconomic Functions of Tropical Lowland Rainforest Transformation Systems, http://www.uni-goettingen.de/crc990). The dominance of IPS was determined using Important Value Index. A total of forty IPS were identified across the four land-use systems. The numbers of IPS were the highest in oil palm (28 species) and rubber plantations (27 species), and the lowest in jungle rubber (10 species). IPS were absent in the lowland rain forest. The diversity of IPS was influenced by environmental factors, especially canopy openness. IPS with the highest ground coverage were Dicranopteris linearis and Clidemia hirta. Both of them were found in all three land-use systems outside the rain forest when the forest canopy opens due to illegal logging or other human disturbances. Therefore, reforestation of disturbed areas is recommended to prevent the spread of IPS.
ALIMENTARY CANAL ANATOMY AND HISTOLOGY OF THE WORKER TERMITE NEOTERMES BOSEI RAFFIUDIN, RIKA; HARIPRABOWO, LEKSONO EKOPURANTO; PRAWASTI, TARUNI SRI
BIOTROPIA Vol. 13 No. 2 (2006): BIOTROPIA Vol. 13 No. 2 December 2006
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11598/btb.2006.13.2.220

Abstract

As social insects, termites live in a colony that consist of reproductive (drone and queen), and non-reproductive (soldiers and workers) castes. Workers obtain their food directly from wood, humus, and other substances that contain cellulose. The objective of this study was to examine the alimentary canal of the Neotermes bosei workers. Observations of gut transverse section were carried out through the length, perimeter, and area of each alimentary canal region. The results showed that total length of N. bosei alimentary canal was 13.71+1.28 mm. The canal was divided into fore-, mid-, and hindgut which were 24, 28, and 48%, respectively of the gut total length. Two types of alimentary canal epithelial cells were found, i.e. the squamous and transitional cells. Areas covered with thick muscular tissues were crop, proventriculus, and rectum. Proventriculus was characterized with six large dentitions. There was no gastric caeca in N. bosei midgut, which commonly occurred in chewing insect. Secretory cells .were observed at proventriculus and ventriculus regions. Cardiac valve was found at the anterior end of ventriculus. Area with the largest outer perimeter was the rectum pouch. Enteric valve had three internal folds.Key words: drywood termites, alimentary canal, histology, Kalotermitidae
Jabon (Anthocephalus cadamba Roxb) Potency for Remediating Lead (Pb) Toxicity Under Nutrient Culture Condition Setyaningsih, Luluk; Setiadi, Yadi; Budi, Sri Wilarso; Hamim, Hamim; Sopandie, Didy
BIOTROPIA Vol. 25 No. 1 (2018): BIOTROPIA Vol. 25 No. 1 April 2018
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11598/btb.2018.25.1.712

Abstract

Information on metal adaptation in plants is essential to understand the mechanism of heavy metal remediation, including lead (Pb), mediated by forest plants in contaminated land. This study aimed to identify the adaptation mechanism of jabon (Anthocephalus cadamba Roxb.) seedlings to excessive lead levels based on the tolerance index of growth performance and lead transport to plant tissue. The seedlings were exposed to lead Pb(NO₃)₂​ at concentrations of 0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 5, and 10 mM in nutrient culture for 15 days. The results showed that the tolerance index (TI) of the seedlings significantly decreased with Pb exposure up to 1.5 mM, although the TI values remained above 75%. All seedlings died at Pb concentrations of 5 mM and above. Lead accumulated in all parts of the seedlings, with the highest concentration found in the leaves (735.9 ppm) under 0.5 mM Pb exposure. Pb was transported to the upper portion of the seedlings, as indicated by a transport factor (TF) greater than 1. The results suggest that jabon can tolerate excessive Pb exposure up to 1.5 mM and has potential as a phytoremediator plant.
ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI FROM THE RfflZOSPHERES OF SOYBEAN CROPS IN LAMPUNG AND WEST JAVA*) KRAMADIBRATA, K.; RIYANTI, E.I.; SIMANUNGKALIT, R.D.M.
BIOTROPIA No. 8 (1995)
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11598/btb.1995.0.8.119

Abstract

The occurrence of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi in the rhizospheres of field-grown soybean crops in the provinces of Lampung and West Java was examined. Nineteen taxa of AM fungi were identified as follows: Acaulospora delicata, A. Foveata, A. rehmii, A. scrobiculata and A. tuberculata; Gigaspora cf. gigantea and Gigaspora sp. 1; Glomus clavisporum; Glomus cf. fasciculatum, Glomus micro-aggregatum, Glomus sp. 1, Glomus sp. 2, Glomus sp. 3 and Glomus sp. 4; Scutellospora cf. heterogama, Scutellospora cf. pellucida, Scutellospora sp. 1. Scutellospora sp.2. and Scutellospora sp. 3. Key words: Mycorrhizas/Soybean/Rhizosphere fungi/Identification.
Bacteria from Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Spores Gigaspora sp. and Glomus sp. : Their Antagonistic Effects towards Soilborne Fungal Pathogens and Growth Stimulation of Gigaspora sp. in vitro Budi, Sri Wilarso
BIOTROPIA Vol. 20 No. 1 (2013): BIOTROPIA Vol. 20 No. 1 June 2013
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11598/btb.2013.20.1.252

Abstract

Eight isolates bacteria were isolated from surface sterilized endomycorrhizal spores of Gigaspora sp and six isolates bacteria isolated from Glomus sp. The tests to  the antagonists against fungal pathogens and stimulation of endomycorrhizae hyphal development of Gigaspora sp  in vitro  showed that there were three.isolates (GG1, GG5 and GL3) that have the ability to inhibit the growth of pathogens and enhance the development of hyphae in vitro. Enzymatic activity test showed that there were seven isolates that produce cellulase and protease activity that is GG1, GG3, GG6, GG7, GL2, GL4 and GL6 Key words : Bacteria, Endomycorrhizal Spores, Antagonistic effects, Stimulation effects, Fungal pathogens

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