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ASPIRATOR
Published by Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan, Kementerian Kesehatan
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : 10.22435/aspirator.v9i1.4443.1-10
Core Subject : Health, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Medicine & Pharmacology
Jurnal Penelitian Penyakit Tular Vektor menerima artikel ilmiah yang ditulis berdasarkan hasil penelitian (original paper), systematic review, case reports, maupun komunikasi pendek (short-communication), serta metodologi dan pendekatan baru dalam penelitian penyakit tular vektor (vector-borne disease).
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran Hewan - Kedokteran Hewan (Lain-Lain)
Articles 176 Documents
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Status Kerentanan Larva Aedes aegypti terhadap Temefos (Organofosfat) di Tiga Kabupaten/Kota Provinsi Aceh Mara Ipa; Joni Hendri; Lukman Hakim; Rizky Muhammad
ASPIRATOR - Journal of Vector-borne Disease Studies Vol 9 No 2 (2017): Jurnal Aspirator Volume 9 Nomer 2 2017
Publisher : Loka Litbang Kesehatan Pangandaran

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Abstract

Dengue haemorrhagic fever (DHF) incidence rate in Aceh Province for the past three years 2012-2014 were fluctuated from 51‰, 29‰ and 45‰. The most widely used larvacide to control larvae Ae. aegypti is temefos, in Indonesia 1% temefos (abate 1SG) started used in 1976, and since 1980 has been used for the eradication program of Ae. aegypti larvae. The intensive use of temefos will not be a problem until population was dominated by resistant individuals. The purpose of this study was to determine the status of susceptibility of Ae. aegypti larvae against temefos in three dengue fever endemic areas in Aceh. We conducted an observational study to examine the susceptibility of Ae. aegypti population in 3 districts of Aceh Province: Banda Aceh, Lhokseumawe and Aceh Besar. Entomological survey and larval collection was assigned. Larvae then reared in laboratory until third generation. Third and early fourth instars stage of Ae. aegypti larvae were used as test samples. Susceptibility test was undergo based on World Health Organization guidelines. Results show that larva Ae. aegypti from Banda Aceh (100%) and Lhokseumawe (99%) districts was still susceptible, while Aceh Besar (97%) indicates tolerance to temefos 0,02%. In conclusion, temefos still effective to be used as larvicide for vector control in those three endemic of dengue fever in Aceh Province. The priority vector control program that can be suggested is put mosquito breeding place eradication called PSN as a proactive movement in community.
Berbagai Faktor yang Memengaruhi Kejadian Demam Berdarah Dengue di Kota Bandung Titik Respati; Ardini Raksanegara; Heni Djuhaeni; Asep Sofyan; Dwi Agustian; Lia Faridah; Hadyana Sukandar
ASPIRATOR - Journal of Vector-borne Disease Studies Vol 9 No 2 (2017): Jurnal Aspirator Volume 9 Nomer 2 2017
Publisher : Loka Litbang Kesehatan Pangandaran

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Abstract

Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever (DHF) reemerged as a significant public health problem, whichreflects the difficulty in sustaining DHF control program. Community-based strategy to control Aedesaegypti breeding sites needs to be understood. The objective of this study is to understand contributedfactors to DHF based on characteristics, the availability of basic sanitation, knowledge, perception, andattitude towards DHF prevention program. A survey conducted to 2035 households in 12 districts and 16villages in Kota Bandung in April to June 2015 using stratified random sampling method. A questionnairewas administered to collect information on variables related to economic status, knowledge on DBD, riskperception and practices associated with Aedes aegypti breeding sites, also basic sanitation facilities. Theanalysis used was correlation and Generalized Estimating Equation (GEE). Results showed that gender, basic sanitation availability, knowledge about dengue in general, knowledge about DHF symptoms, andperception about the disease contribute to dengue cases (p ≤ 0.05). The conclusion of this study is factorscontributed to dengue cases were sex, education, basic sanitation, knowledge about dengue in general,knowledge about DHF symptoms and perception about the disease. Program planning should also include factors and the need for the local community.
Analisis Spasial Sebaran Demam Berdarah Dengue di Kota Tasikmalaya Tahun 2011–2015 Andri Ruliansyah; Yuneu Yuliasih; Wawan Ridwan; Asep Jajang Kusnandar
ASPIRATOR - Journal of Vector-borne Disease Studies Vol 9 No 2 (2017): Jurnal Aspirator Volume 9 Nomer 2 2017
Publisher : Loka Litbang Kesehatan Pangandaran

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Abstract

Tasikmalaya is one of the DHF endemic area in West Java. In 2012 Tasikmalaya Government set the status of DHF Outbreak. DHF cases spread across sub district. The purpose of this research is to recognize the spread of DHF incident in Tasikmalaya, so it can be used by surveillance in reducing the number of dengue cases. Efforts to reduce the number of dengue fever cases are by increasing surveillance knowledge about analysis of surveillance data. This research used cross-sectional design and spatial analysis of dengue cases in Tasikmalaya (2011–2015) using autocorrelation method of Moran index and nearest neighbour analysis. The research was conducted in Tasikmalaya, West Java. Research is carried out for 3 months in 2016. The result showed that DHF distribution showed positive spatial autocorrelation in every year from 2011 to 2015. The pattern of spread of dengue cases is cluster (occurs in clumps). So the areas where cases clustered occured are areas that are susceptible to dengue disease.
Keragaman Jenis dan Aktivitas Mengisap DarahAnopheles spp. di Desa Simpang EmpatKecamatan LengkitiOgan Komering Ulu Sumatera Selatan Vivin Mahdalena; Nungki Hapsari; Tanwirotun Ni’mah
ASPIRATOR - Journal of Vector-borne Disease Studies Vol 8 No 1 (2016): Jurnal Aspirator Volume 8 Nomer 1 2016
Publisher : Loka Litbang Kesehatan Pangandaran

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Abstract

Lengkiti districts have high number of malaria cases with Annual Paracite Incidence (API) was 13.02 ‰in 2012. The entomology information aboutthe vector mosquito species is needed in vector control purpose. However, information about Anopheles spp. in Simpang Empat Village of District Lengkiti is unknown. The purpose of this study was to identify the diversity of Anopheles spp., which potentially acts as vectors of malaria. Research was conducted in Simpang Empat village, Lengkiti district, Ogan Komering Ulu (OKU), South Sumatra, from March to October 2014 which. This research collected adult mosquitoes; both by human and cattle bait traps methods. The results showed that there were 10 species of Anopheles spp. caught along 8 catching times with Anopheles philippinensis as the most captured species. Biting activity of Anopheles spp. was higher outside of the houses and it occured all night except at 01.00-02.00 a.m and at 04.00-05.00 a.m, a biting peak was at 06.00-07.00 p.m. Man Hour Density (MHD) inside and outside of houses ranged from 0.0025 to 0.0075 mosquito/ person/ hour. Anopheles spp. that have been found were An. philippinensis, An. vagus, An. maculatus, An. minimus, An. kochi, An. barbirostris, An. flavirostris, An. leucosphyrus group, An. sinensis and An. nigerrimus. An. vagus density was highest in outdoors, , while An. philippinensis was the most dominant mosquito.
Determinan Kejadian Malaria di Wilayah Sulawesi Junus Widjaja; Phetisya Pamela Frederika Sumolang; Made Agus Nurjana
ASPIRATOR - Journal of Vector-borne Disease Studies Vol 8 No 1 (2016): Jurnal Aspirator Volume 8 Nomer 1 2016
Publisher : Loka Litbang Kesehatan Pangandaran

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Abstract

Indonesia is one of the countries in the world with high risk of malaria. Out of 496 districts in Indonesia, 396 districts is a malaria endemic area. 45% of the populations live in malaria endemic areas, such as the region of Sulawesi. This study aimed to determine the determinant for incidence of malaria in Sulawesi. Riskesdas data that have been implemented by the Agency for Health Research and Development in 2013 used in further analysis. The variables analyzed are characteristics, housing conditions, and the environment associated with the incidence of malaria. Data were analyzed by logistic regression. The results showed that there was a significant relationship between malaria by gender, education, occupation, home status, number of household members, window of the bedroom, the cleanliness of the dining room, ventilation of the living room, the type of floor in the house, house walls, ceilings, lighting source and taking preventive medication. The variables that most influence on the incidence of malaria in the region of Sulawesi is a type of home lighting. Integrated planning activities with relevant sectors, education about healthy homes and the restoration of housing through increased participation of the people needs to be done.
Penggunaan Insektisida Rumah Tangga dalam Pengendalian Populasi Aedes aegypti di Daerah Endemis Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) di Jakarta Timur Heni Prasetyowati; Endang Puji Astuti; Andri Ruliansyah
ASPIRATOR - Journal of Vector-borne Disease Studies Vol 8 No 1 (2016): Jurnal Aspirator Volume 8 Nomer 1 2016
Publisher : Loka Litbang Kesehatan Pangandaran

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Abstract

High incidence of dengue fever in East Jakarta makes the government and the community to do a variety of control measures. The use of household insecticides became the most widely used by the people in efforts to control the population of Aedes spp. The purpose of this study was to determine the description of the use of household insecticides in dengue endemic area in East Jakarta. Data were collected during May 2015 with research sites in the region Puskesmas Matraman, Jatinegara and Duren Sawit. In each of the health center, the area was taken with the highest endemicity last three years. Interviews and observations conducted in 100 houses selected randomly in each area (total 300 houses). Interviews about the household use of insecticides to adult respondents surveyed who lived that house. Interview data were analyzed descriptively to describe the use of insecticides, the type of formulation, the active ingredient types, frequency and time of use. Based on the interview as much as 227 (75.67%) of respondents said using household insecticides over the last three years, while 73 (24.33%) of respondents claimed not to use it. Most people choose to use the type of lotion and aerosol formulations. The active ingredients, which are predominant circulating, are DEET, praletrin, d-aletrin and the d-fenotrin. The frequency of household insecticide use by communities in the study area ranged from <1-14 per week, as well as the use of the majority of the time is used at night.
Pengembangan Model Surveilans Aktif Demam Berdarah Dengue Melalui Metode Pelaporan Kewaspadaan Dini Rumah Sakit (KDRS) di Kota Tasikmalaya Aryo Ginanjar; Arda Dinata; Rohmansyah Wahyu Nurindra
ASPIRATOR - Journal of Vector-borne Disease Studies Vol 8 No 1 (2016): Jurnal Aspirator Volume 8 Nomer 1 2016
Publisher : Loka Litbang Kesehatan Pangandaran

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Abstract

Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) is still a health problem that difficult to handle in Indonesia including in Tasikmalaya City as one of DHF endemic city in West Java Province. However, the case reports from Hospital are usually delayed and incomplete. This research aims is to develop an active DHF surveillance model to increase the quality of Hospital’s early warning reports in Tasikmalaya City. This is a quantitative research using quasi experiment design and applies a design of pretest-intervention-posttest in a specific group. Qualitative approach is added to gain deeper information. Respondents of this research are 11 persons consist of 8 surveillance officers from 7 hospitals in Tasikmalaya City and 3 DHF program officers from Tasikmalaya City Heatlh Office. Interview and observation are conducted to measure knowledge and attitude of support facility’s officer also to measure the quality of hospital’s DHF early warning report. Intervention done as Workshop and Brief Training to determine which report model is most suitable to apply. Post-intervention monitoring was conducted in 3 months and all the research aspects are re-measured. The result shows that there are enhancements in all of the research aspects. The respondent’s knowledge level is increase from “less category” in pre-intervention to “enough-category” in post-intervention, attitude level is also increase from “enough category” to “well category”.The support facility are increasing as well from “less category” to “enough category” and the application of report system model is able to increase the quality of hospital’s early warning report from “less category” to “enough category”. The application of the Active Surveillance Model which developed by this research is able to increase the quality of Hospital’s early warning report, therefore if the model can be applied continuously, it expected to support more effective and efficient DHF handling effort in community.
Efek Larvasida Bakteri Kitinolitik dari Limbah Kulit Udang terhadap Larva Aedes aegypti Dyah Widiastuti; Dewi Marbawati
ASPIRATOR - Journal of Vector-borne Disease Studies Vol 8 No 1 (2016): Jurnal Aspirator Volume 8 Nomer 1 2016
Publisher : Loka Litbang Kesehatan Pangandaran

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Abstract

Aedes aegypti is a major vector for Dengue, a deadly disease causing death of millions of people in developing countries both in urban and rural populations. Ae. aegypti control using chemical insecticide was always carried out and lead to a widespread insecticide resistance. Therefore, mosquito biological control is needed to replace the usage of chemical insecticide. A chitinolytic bacteria, was isolated from shrimp’s waste (head and shell). The isolate showed chitinolytic activity as a transparent zone in colony inside the synthetic media, containing (w/v)- 0,3 % colloidal chitin, 1% pepton, 0,5% yeast extract, 0,1% NaCl, 0,1% K2HPO4, 0,05% MgSO4.7H2O, 0,001% FeSO4.7H2O, 0,001% ZnSO4.7H2O, and each of 0,0001% CuSO4.5H2O, MnSO4.nH2O and CaCl2.2H2O at pH 7 and 300C after 72 h of incubation. The isolate was identified as gram positive group based on gram staining. In the experimental method, four concentrations of chitinolytic bacteria (4%, 8%, 16% and 32%) was exposed to Ae. aegypti larvae. The result showed that chitinolytic bacterium degrades exoskeleton of third instar larvae of Ae. aegypti. Degradation of exoskeleton started on the 2nd days and occurred in thorax region. Probit analysis showed LC50 value was obtaninedat concentration of 2%.
Daya Bunuh Kelambu Berinsektisida Long Lasting Insecticidal Nets (LLINS) terhadap Nyamuk Anopheles maculatus Rizki Nurmaliani; Reni Oktarina; Maya Arisanti; Desy Asyati
ASPIRATOR - Journal of Vector-borne Disease Studies Vol 8 No 1 (2016): Jurnal Aspirator Volume 8 Nomer 1 2016
Publisher : Loka Litbang Kesehatan Pangandaran

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Abstract

Malaria is one of the infectious diseases that become a public health problem that can be a major cause of death in developing countries, especially in infants, toddlers, and pregnant women. Nowadays, malaria caseis still commonly found in Ogan Komering Ulu (OKU) South Sumatera Province. One of the efforts in malaria prevention and control that Health Office of OKU District has been carrying out was the distribution of Long Lasting Insecticidal Nets (LLINS). This study aimed to obtain the percentage of mosquito mortality in order to assesslethal potency of LLINs that have been distributed by the Health Office of OKU District and was still used by the community. This study was an observational research with cross sectional design. The percentage of mosquito mortality rate was obtained through bioassay test on LLINs that randomly selected from the community in Bumi Kawa village in Lengkiti of OKU District. The mosquitoes that used for the test were Anopheles maculatus that were bred and reared in the laboratory. Long Lasting Insecticidal Nets (LLINs) were grouped based on the duration of use(2-3 years and above 3 years) and the frequency of washing(unwashed, once, twice, and thrice). The results showed that all nets had mosquitos’ knockdown less than 95% and the mortality less than 80% of mosquitoes. These numbers showed that all the tested nets are no longer effective in killing mosquitoes.
Efek Larvasida Fraksi Etil Asetat Daun Bangun-bangun (Plectranthus amboinicus) terhadap Mortalitas Larva Aedes aegypti Sogandi Sogandi; Fadhli Gunarto
ASPIRATOR - Journal of Vector-borne Disease Studies Vol 12 No 1 (2020): Jurnal Aspirator Volume 12 Nomor 1 2020
Publisher : Loka Litbang Kesehatan Pangandaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (360.631 KB) | DOI: 10.22435/asp.v12i1.1288

Abstract

Abstract. Mosquitoes are insects that can transmit diseases to humans through their bites. Dengue haemorrhagic fever is one of the diseases that could be transmitted by Aedes aegypti mosquito. The use of insecticides to control the occurrence of dengue haemorrhagic fever builds resistance of the mosquito towards the chemical substance. Therefore, natural larvicide was used as an alternative to chemical insecticides. This research was conducted to study the effectiveness of larvicides from the ethyl acetate fraction of Bangun-bangun leaves (Plectranthus amboinicus) in killing the Aedes aegypti larvae and to identify the active larvicide compounds. This laboratory experiment research tested six extract concentrations (0.0; 1.0; 1.8; 3.2; 5.6; 10.0%) in three replications. Observations were administered for 48 hours to count the number of the dead Aedes aegypti instar III larvae obtained from the Entomology Laboratory of the Faculty of Veterinary, IPB. The results showed that the larvae mortality increased as the extract concentration increased. The percentage of Aedes aegypti killed reached 96% at an extract concentration of 10%. Meanwhile, the probit analysis showed that LC50 was found at a concentration of 5.56%. The identification of active compounds using GCMS revealed that the larvicidal compounds in ethyl acetate fraction were the ones from an organic acid group which were, stearic acid, and palmitic acid. Keywords: Aedes aegypti, identification, larvacidal, mortality Abstrak. Nyamuk merupakan serangga yang dapat menularkan penyakit melalui gigitannya. Salah satu penyakit yang ditularkan adalah demam berdarah dengue yang dibawa oleh nyamuk Aedes aegypti. Pengendalian demam berdarah dengue menggunakan insektisida berbahan kimia dapat menyebabkan resisten nyamuk terhadap insektisida meningkat, oleh karena itu larvasida alami diharapkan dapat menjadi alternatif pengganti insektisida kimia. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui afektifitas larvasida dari fraksi etil asetat daun Bangun-bangun (Plectranthus amboinicus) terhadap mortalitas larva Aedes aegypti dan mengidentifikasi jenis senyawa aktif yang berperan sebagai larvasida. Penelitian ini merupakan eksperimen laboratorium dengan enam konsentrasi ekstrak (0,0; 1,0; 1,8; 3,2; 5,6; 10,0%) dan tiga kali ulangan. Pengamatan dilakukan selama 48 jam terhadap jumlah kematian larva Aedes aegypti instar III yang diperoleh dari Laboratorium Entomologi Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan, IPB. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kematian larva meningkat seiring dengan meningkatnya konsentrasi ekstrak. Kematian Aedes aegypti mencapai 96% pada konsentrasi ekstrak 10% dan hasil analisa probit menunjukkan LC50 terdapat pada konsentrasi 5,56%. Identifikasi senyawa aktif menggunakan GCMS menunjukkan bahwa senyawa yang bersifat larvasida dalam fraksi etil asetat ini adalah senyawa dari golongan asam organik yaitu, asam stearate, dan asam palmitat. Kata Kunci: Aedes aegypti, identifikasi, larvasida, mortalitas

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