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Refleksi: Jurnal Kajian Agama dan Filsafat
Published by Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta
ISSN : 02156253     EISSN : 27146103     DOI : -
Core Subject : Social,
Social Sciences
Refleksi (ISSN 0215 6253) is a journal published by the Faculty of Ushuluddin Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University, Jakarta. The Journal specializes in Qur'an and Hadith studies, Islamic Philosophy, and Religious studies, and is intended to communicate original researches and current issues on the subject. This journal welcomes contributions from scholars of related disciplines.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 875 Documents
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Dimensi Spiritualitas dalam Dua Puluh Tingkatan Murāqabah Tarekat Qadiriyah wa Naqsyabandiyah Syekh Ahmad Khatib Sambas Ananda Fairus Zakky
Refleksi: Jurnal Kajian Agama dan Filsafat Vol. 25 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Faculty of Ushuluddin Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University, Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/refleksi.v25.i2.51472

Abstract

This study examines the twenty stages of murāqabah in the Qadiriyah wa Naqshbandiyah Sufi Order (TQN) formulated by Shaykh Ahmad Khatib Sambas in Fatḥ al-‘Ārifīn. Previous studies have discussed murāqabah and the text mainly in general, historical, or thematic terms, while the twenty stages have received limited analysis as a coherent model of spiritual transformation. This study aims to reconstruct that structure and clarify its contribution to Indonesian Sufism. The study employs qualitative library research using content analysis of Fatḥ al-‘Ārifīn. Each murāqabah is treated as a unit of analysis and examined through coding, categorization, and thematic reconstruction. The findings identify five themes: tawhidic awareness, divine maḥabbah, prophetic integration, expansion of the prophetic horizon, and lā ta‘ayyun as awareness of the epistemic limits of human understanding. These themes form a pattern of transcendence–reintegration in which spiritual experience returns to the Ka‘bah, the Qur’an, prayer, and ultimately pure servanthood (al-’ubūdiyyah al-ṣirfah). The study argues that the twenty stages constitute an architecture of spiritual transformation connecting theological awareness, affective orientation, prophetic formation, epistemic humility, and the praxis of servanthood.
Reconstructing Civilizational Regeneration: A Maqāṣidī Framework Based on Q.S. al-Ṭūr [52]:21 Bisyri Abdul Karim; La Ode Ismail Ahmad; Muh. Awal A; Muhsin Mahfudz; Hamka Ilyas
Refleksi: Jurnal Kajian Agama dan Filsafat Vol. 25 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Faculty of Ushuluddin Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University, Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/refleksi.v25.i2.52517

Abstract

The sustainability of civilization depends not only on political power or economic resources, but also on transmitting values, identity, leadership, and collective memory across generations. Within the Islamic intellectual tradition, Q.S. al-Ṭūr [52]:21 provides an important Qur’anic foundation for intergenerational continuity. While classical exegetes generally interpreted this verse eschatologically regarding the reunion of believers and their offspring in Paradise, a maqāṣidī approach enables broader civilizational readings. Using qualitative library research and analytical-comparative interpretation, this study reconstructs Q.S. al-Ṭūr [52]:21 to formulate a Qur’anic theory of civilizational regeneration. Through maqāṣidī reading, this study develops four interrelated analytical principles of the verse: the transmission of core values (al-īmān), exemplary leadership (al-Ittibā’), intergenerational succession (al-Dhurriyyah), and personal accountability (al-Rahn). These principles demonstrate that regeneration extends beyond biological inheritance into a moral and educational process that may support value-based continuity and responsible leadership. Based on these findings, this study proposes a Qur’anic conceptual model for sustaining Muslim communities, educational institutions, and organizations through structured leadership succession and cadre formation.
Rekonstruksi Makna Qiwāmah dalam QS. al-Nisā’ [4]:34 Jürgen Habermas Syaiful Efendi; Nunu Burhanuddin
Refleksi: Jurnal Kajian Agama dan Filsafat Vol. 25 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Faculty of Ushuluddin Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University, Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/refleksi.v25.i2.52637

Abstract

This article examines the meaning of qiwāmah in Qur’an 4:34 through a critical reading informed by Jürgen Habermas’s theories of ideology critique, communicative action, and discourse ethics. Using a qualitative library-based approach, the study compares the interpretations of six exegetes—al-Ṭabarī, al-Rāzī, al-Qurṭubī, al-Jalālayn, al-Zuḥaylī, and Quraish Shihab—with particular attention to the two clauses concerning divine preference and financial responsibility. It then applies Habermas’s validity claims to the arguments of al-Rāzī and al-Ṭabarī. The findings show that although the transmission of the Qur’anic text is definitive (qaṭʿī al-thubūt), the meaning and scope of qiwāmah remain open to interpretation. Al-Rāzī’s argument, which associates male authority with presumed superior capacities, is insufficient to establish a universal basis for authority. Al-Ṭabarī’s interpretation, which emphasizes financial obligations, offers a more defensible but conditional justification, although the relationship between the two causal clauses requires further clarification. The study argues that qiwāmah may be understood as a responsibility linked to specific obligations rather than an unrestricted privilege. Any renegotiation of marital responsibilities, however, must consider the textual grounds of qiwāmah, the conditions of equitable participation, and the objectives of maqāṣid al-sharīʿah concerning family welfare and justice.
Political Authority, the Marāsim of Muʿāwiyah, and the Construction of Religious Knowledge in Early Islam Abdullah Syahir; Alwi Hamid Bin Shahab
Refleksi: Jurnal Kajian Agama dan Filsafat Vol. 25 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Faculty of Ushuluddin Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University, Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/refleksi.v25.i2.53243

Abstract

This article examines the relationship between political authority and religious knowledge in early Islam through reports concerning four marāsim attributed to Muʿāwiyah ibn Abī Sufyān. While previous studies have explored his political consolidation and the historical reliability of related reports, the interaction between these directives, the circulation of religious narratives, and the regulation of opposition requires closer examination. Using qualitative historical and textual analysis, the study critically compares accounts in historical, hadith, and biographical literature. It combines Ḥasan Farḥān al-Mālikī’s iʿādat al-naẓar, understood as a critical reconsideration of historical reports, with Michel Foucault’s concepts of power/knowledge, discourse, and disciplinary power. Source criticism is employed to distinguish reported directives from subsequent interpretations, while Foucauldian analysis explores their possible political and epistemic functions without establishing their historical authenticity. The analysis suggests that reports about the marāsim portray interrelated efforts to privilege certain narratives, restrict opposing voices, and shape the conditions under which religious claims acquired authority. These findings do not establish that all attributed directives were implemented or that they directly caused hadith fabrication. Rather, the article shows how critically assessed historical reports can illuminate the contested relationship between political power and the circulation and legitimation of religious knowledge.
Reconstructing a Zuhd-Based Psycho-Spiritual Framework for Materialistic Hedonism: Ibn al-Qayyim al-Jawziyyah’s Thought Jarman Arroisi; Tistigar Sansayto; Nadia Pratiwi
Refleksi: Jurnal Kajian Agama dan Filsafat Vol. 25 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Faculty of Ushuluddin Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University, Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/refleksi.v25.i2.53282

Abstract

Hedonistic and materialistic orientations in digital consumer culture have been associated with impulsive consumption, dependence on external validation, and lower psychological well-being. Contemporary psychology offers valuable accounts of self-regulation, meaning, and well-being, yet comparatively few frameworks derive a systematic spiritual-transcendental account from classical Islamic sources. This study distinguishes ordinary pleasure-seeking from maladaptive materialistic hedonism and conceptually reconstructs zuhd in the thought of Ibn al-Qayyim al-Jawziyyah as a psycho-spiritual self-regulation framework. It uses qualitative library research with a descriptive-analytical and critical-interpretive approach, drawing on Madārij al-Sālikīn, Al-Fawāʾid, Ighāthat al-Lahfān, and Ṭarīq al-Hijratayn. Three findings are presented. First, zuhd in Ibn al-Qayyim’s thought is an ethical-spiritual concept with a psychologically relevant dimension: it concerns the heart’s attachment to worldly objects rather than the possession of them. Second, this dimension can be read as operating through three mechanisms: value reorientation, desire regulation, and emotional regulation in relation to material objects. Third, these mechanisms can be organized into a five-stage conceptual framework (muḥāsabah, value reorientation through zuhd, mujāhadah al-nafs, qanāʿah–ṣabr–tawakkul, and ṭumaʾnīnah), which remains hypothetical. The framework is not a tested therapy: it has no assessment procedure, protocol, or outcome validation, and the relations among its stages are hypothesized pathways that require empirical, ethical, and clinical examination.
Deconstructing Pesantren Feudalism: Santri Obedience and Religious Authority at Pesantren Langitan, Tuban Ahmad Mustakim; Isa Anshori; Tasmuji
Refleksi: Jurnal Kajian Agama dan Filsafat Vol. 25 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Faculty of Ushuluddin Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University, Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/refleksi.v25.i1.53373

Abstract

This article examines how the label “pesantren feudalism” frames santri obedience and religious authority at Pesantren Langitan, Tuban. Rather than treating obedience as either submission or autonomy, it asks how santri themselves experience, interpret, and negotiate obedience as an ethical and epistemic practice. Using a qualitative case study with a hermeneutic-phenomenological orientation and a deconstructive reading strategy, the study draws on semi-structured interviews with eight participants four active students, two alumni, and two pesantren administrators supported by participant observation and document analysis. Analysis proceeded in three linked stages: reconstruction of lived meanings; thematic interpretation of sanad, adab, embodied practice, authority, and agency; and deconstructive examination of binary oppositions such as obedience/freedom and authority/domination. The findings show that participants commonly described obedience as ethical formation grounded in the chain of scholarly transmission (sanad), adab, and trust in religious knowledge, while also identifying boundaries beyond which authority becomes domination. Six of the eight participants explicitly distinguished respectful obedience from unquestioning submission; two did not articulate this distinction as explicitly. The article proposes “epistemic-ethical obedience” as a bounded concept linking epistemic legitimacy, ethical formation, embodied practice, and reflective agency without denying the possibility of coercion or symbolic domination.
Etika Ekologis Islam Berbasis Kepedulian dan Relasi Non-Dominatif:  Studi Pembacaan Hadis atas Konsep Ekofeminisme Muhammad Akmal Fadhli; Dyah Ayu Wulandari; Agung Danarta; Ika Putri Ramadani
Refleksi: Jurnal Kajian Agama dan Filsafat Vol. 25 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Faculty of Ushuluddin Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University, Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/refleksi.v25.i2.53410

Abstract

The global environmental crisis characterized by climate change, ecosystem degradation, and the exploitation of natural resources has given rise to various approaches to understanding the relationship between humans and the environment. One emerging approach is ecofeminism, which sees a link between the oppression of women and the exploitation of nature resulting from the dominant patriarchal system. Islam, through the Hadith of the Prophet, also contains various teachings that emphasize the importance of maintaining environmental balance, nurturing living creatures, and preventing environmental damage. However, studies connecting Hadith and ecofeminism remain limited, particularly those that move beyond descriptive comparison toward critical dialogue between the two frameworks. Employing a thematic hadith approach, this study examines three clusters of hadith, on tree-planting, the prohibition of polluting water sources, and the prohibition of animal cruelty, through hadith authentication (takhrīj) and classical commentary (syarah), before engaging them in critical dialogue with the ecofeminist theories of Karen Warren and Vandana Shiva and with the Islamic concepts of khalīfah (stewardship), mīzān (balance), and raḥmah (compassion). The analysis finds that these hadith affirm ecofeminist concerns for the ethics of care, interconnectedness, and ecological solidarity, while reframing the human–nature relationship as a theological responsibility: humans are positioned as caretakers rather than dominators, and the duty of care is addressed to every believer rather than grounded in an essentialized feminine nature. The hadith also show a tension, since the use of nature is limited by responsibility rather than abolished. The study contributes a five-pillar model of Islamic ecological ethics based on care and non-domination (raḥmah, mīzān, khalīfah, care, and non-domination), offering a critical rather than uncritical dialogue between Hadith studies and ecofeminist theory.
Penggunaan Tongkat dalam Khotbah Jumat: Kritik Hadis dan Perbandingan Metode Istinbāṭ Muhammadiyah–Nahdlatul Ulama Idris Siregar; Ahmad Zuhri; Sulidar
Refleksi: Jurnal Kajian Agama dan Filsafat Vol. 25 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Faculty of Ushuluddin Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University, Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/refleksi.v25.i2.53447

Abstract

Differences in the use of a staff during Friday sermons reflect varying interpretations of hadith and the legal significance of the Prophet’s actions. This study examines the authenticity of the hadith concerning the use of a staff and compares the legal reasoning found in Muhammadiyah and Nahdlatul Ulama’s jurisprudential tradition. Employing qualitative library research, it combines hadith source tracing, isnād and matn criticism, and comparative analysis of legal arguments. The findings indicate that the report of al-Ḥakam ibn Ḥazn, describing the Prophet leaning on a staff or bow while delivering a sermon, has a defensible basis for classification as ḥasan. Its principal transmission routes converge on Shihāb ibn Khirāsh, while supporting reports vary in authenticity and context. Muhammadiyah’s fatwa explanation emphasizes the practical need for a staff, whereas the jurisprudential tradition represented in NU sources regards its use as recommended. Neither treats it as a condition for the validity of the sermon. The difference lies primarily in how the Prophet’s actions are interpreted as legal evidence and how juristic authority is employed.
Konsepsi Kearifan Ekologis Ugamo Malim Di Huta Tinggi: Perspektif Seorang Pemimpin Agama Largus Nadeak; Laurentius Tinambunan
Refleksi: Jurnal Kajian Agama dan Filsafat Vol. 25 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Faculty of Ushuluddin Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University, Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/refleksi.v25.i2.53463

Abstract

This article examines how ecological meaning is constructed in Ugamo Malim (Parmalim) in Huta Tinggi, North Sumatra, from the perspective of one religious leader. It responds to documented ecological pressures in the Batak region, including forest loss, industrial pollution, conflicts over customary land, and the contested presence of the pulp industry around Lake Toba. Using a qualitative descriptive design, the study combines a literature review with one in-depth interview conducted with a Parmalim religious leader on 1 July 2025. It does not claim to represent all Parmalim members. The available material is read through integral ecology and organized around six connected themes: Debata Mulajadi Nabolon as Creator, humans as part of the earth, limited use of natural resources, care for springs, trees, and forests, relational meanings of land and settlement, and the integration of ecological, social, cultural, economic, spiritual, and intergenerational dimensions. The study argues that these themes form a coherent conceptual relationship between teaching, ritual, self-restraint, and ecological practice, while acknowledging the limits of a single-informant corpus.
Spiritualitas Cordimarian Santo Antonius Maria Claret dan Relevansinya bagi Pembinaan Hidup Rohani Umat Beriman Yohanes Anjar Donobakti; Alberto Baresa Tantowidio; Yohanis Masneno
Refleksi: Jurnal Kajian Agama dan Filsafat Vol. 25 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Faculty of Ushuluddin Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University, Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/refleksi.v25.i2.53464

Abstract

This article analyzes Cordimarian spirituality as a Marian and Christocentric pattern of spiritual formation and apostolic action in the life and writings of St. Anthony Mary Claret. Using qualitative library research, the study examines Claret’s Autobiography and Complementary Writings, the 1975 Indonesian translation of his Autobiography, selected studies on Cordimarian spirituality, Claretian documents, and relevant Church teaching. The analysis proceeds through textual selection, thematic coding, theological interpretation, and comparison among primary, secondary, and ecclesial sources. The findings identify four interconnected dimensions: interiority and obedience to God, filial love received from the Heart of Mary, formation in Christ-like virtues, and apostolic charity directed toward the poor. On this basis, the article formulates a conceptual pathway for Christian faith education and spiritual formation: encounter with the Word, interior discernment, practice of virtue, and missionary service. Its contribution is to show that Cordimarian spirituality is not merely a devotional identity for Claretians but a transferable framework for faith formation, provided that it remains Christ-centered, socially responsible, and adapted to the age and context of the faithful.

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