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INDONESIA
Refleksi: Jurnal Kajian Agama dan Filsafat
Published by Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta
ISSN : 02156253     EISSN : 27146103     DOI : -
Core Subject : Social,
Social Sciences
Refleksi (ISSN 0215 6253) is a journal published by the Faculty of Ushuluddin Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University, Jakarta. The Journal specializes in Qur'an and Hadith studies, Islamic Philosophy, and Religious studies, and is intended to communicate original researches and current issues on the subject. This journal welcomes contributions from scholars of related disciplines.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 857 Documents
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Pan-Islamism and Islamic Nationalism: Sarekat Islam’s Ideology in the Indonesian Independence Movement (1911–1927) Moh. Fahsin; M. Abdul Karim; Sujadi
Refleksi: Jurnal Kajian Agama dan Filsafat Vol. 25 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Faculty of Ushuluddin Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University, Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/refleksi.v25.i1.51485

Abstract

The rise of Indonesian nationalism in the early twentieth century cannot be separated from the contribution of Sarekat Islam (SI), the largest Islamic political movement in colonial Indonesia. While previous studies have examined SI from political, organizational, and anti-colonial perspectives, limited attention has been given to the role of Pan-Islamism in shaping its ideological foundations. This study analyzes the reception of Pan-Islamism within SI and its contribution to the emergence of Islamic nationalism between 1911 and 1927. Using a qualitative historical approach based on archival documents, periodicals, and relevant scholarly literature, the study finds that SI adopted Pan-Islamism as a source of moral and political legitimacy in resisting colonial rule. Pan-Islamic ideas encouraged SI to develop strategies of mass mobilization, political education, economic empowerment, and organizational consolidation. Despite internal ideological tensions, SI maintained a nationalist orientation rooted in Islamic values. This article argues that Pan-Islamism functioned not merely as a transnational religious discourse but as an ideological framework that transformed Islamic solidarity into anti-colonial nationalism in colonial Indonesia. The study concludes that SI played a pivotal role in the formation of Islamic nationalism and the broader struggle for Indonesian independence.
The Transformation of Qadzaf into Li’an in Indonesian Religious Courts: A Ḥudūd Theory Perspective Mohammad Nabiel; Lailatus Syafa’ah
Refleksi: Jurnal Kajian Agama dan Filsafat Vol. 25 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Faculty of Ushuluddin Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University, Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/refleksi.v25.i1.51592

Abstract

This study examines the transformation of Qadzaf handling in Indonesian Religious Courts and analyzes its relevance through Muhammad Shahrur’s Ḥudūd Theory. Employing a qualitative socio-legal approach, this field research combines juridical-normative analysis with empirical data collected through document analysis, semi-structured interviews with five key informants (three Religious Court judges and two Islamic law experts), and limited observation. Existing studies generally examine li’an within the framework of Islamic family law (fiqh munakahat), whereas this study analyzes the epistemological transformation of Qadzaf from a classical Islamic criminal offense into a civil litigation mechanism in Indonesia’s contemporary Islamic legal system. The findings reveal that Qadzaf is not explicitly recognized in Religious Court practice but is institutionally represented through the li’an procedure. Instead of applying classical ḥudūd sanctions such as eighty lashes, disputes are resolved through mutual oaths and their legal consequences for marriage dissolution. This transformation reflects the adaptation of the principle of protecting human dignity (ḥifzh al-’irdh) within Indonesia’s national legal framework. Theoretically, this study demonstrates the continuing relevance of Shahrur’s Ḥudūd Theory in explaining legal flexibility within normative Islamic boundaries. It also contributes to contemporary Islamic legal scholarship by showing how the classical doctrine of Qadzaf has been recontextualized into a family law mechanism that accommodates legal pluralism, maqāṣid al-sharī’ah, and the Indonesianization of Islamic law.
Tarekat as Moral Formation: Reframing Religious Moderation through Moral Theology in North Sumatra Abrar M. Dawud Faza; Intan Kumalasari; Sidiq Hartono
Refleksi: Jurnal Kajian Agama dan Filsafat Vol. 25 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Faculty of Ushuluddin Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University, Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/refleksi.v25.i1.51711

Abstract

This study critically examines the role of Tarekat (Ṣūfī orders) in fostering religious moderation within the socio-cultural plurality of North Sumatera. Employing a qualitative approach grounded in in-depth interviews, the research explores how spiritual teachings and embodied practices of the Tarekat shape moral dispositions that encourage tolerance, social harmony, and inclusive coexistence. Unlike previous sociological studies on Tarekat that primarily emphasize their social and cultural functions, this article examines Tarekat as a process of moral formation that generates communal virtues supportive of religious moderation. The findings demonstrate that core spiritual principles such as self-purification (tazkiyat al-nafs), disciplined self-control, and sustained attentiveness to God function as ethical resources that mitigate tendencies toward religious extremism among adherents. Beyond individual moral formation, tarekat communities actively engage in interreligious dialogue, mediate religious tensions, and promote inclusive participation in broader social life. From the perspective of moral theology, these practices illustrate how spiritually grounded ethical formation can contribute to the cultivation of communal virtues necessary for pluralistic societies. The study argues that Tarekat not only serve as loci of spiritual devotion but also operate as morally significant agents of religious moderation, offering a constructive model for sustaining social harmony in contexts marked by religious and cultural diversity.
Lived Islamic Environmental Ethics and Communal Ecological Transformation in An-Nur Pesantren Muizudin; Wasil; Hassin Dzikry Ramadhan
Refleksi: Jurnal Kajian Agama dan Filsafat Vol. 25 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Faculty of Ushuluddin Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University, Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/refleksi.v25.i1.48959

Abstract

Environmental sustainability has increasingly become an important concern in Islamic studies, yet most research on eco-pesantren primarily examines environmental education or institutional waste management without explaining how Islamic environmental ethics are translated into everyday communal practice. Addressing this gap, this study investigates how Islamic environmental ethics function as a lived ethic that shapes ecological responsibility within An-Nur Pesantren, Yogyakarta. Employing a qualitative case-study approach based on interviews, participant observation, and document analysis, the research integrates Holistic Environmental Ethics with the Asset-Based Community Development (ABCD) framework to examine the relationship between religious values and ecological practices. The findings reveal that waste reduction is understood not merely as an environmental obligation but as an act of worship embedded in religious discipline and communal life. Practices such as banning single-use plastics, encouraging reusable containers, promoting modest consumption, and integrating environmental responsibility into daily pesantren routines have significantly reduced waste generation while fostering collective ecological awareness. The study argues that Islamic environmental ethics operate as a lived communal ethic capable of transforming environmental responsibility into a sustainable religious practice. It further proposes that pesantren offer a faith-based alternative to neoliberal eco-consumerism by cultivating ecological transformation through spiritual values, communal discipline, and moral formation.
Reconstructing ‘Irfānī Epistemology: Najm al-Dīn Kubrā and the Philosophical Legitimacy of Mystical Knowledge Arrazy Hasyim; Putra Aldomi
Refleksi: Jurnal Kajian Agama dan Filsafat Vol. 25 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Faculty of Ushuluddin Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University, Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/refleksi.v25.i1.50928

Abstract

Contemporary discussions on Islamic epistemology continue to privilege rational and empirical modes of knowledge, while the epistemological legitimacy of mystical intuition remains contested. Existing studies on Najm al-Dīn Kubrā have largely focused on his contributions to Sufism, Qur'anic exegesis, and the Kubrawīyah order, with limited attention given to the philosophical structure of his ‘irfānī epistemology. This study aims to reconstruct Kubrā's epistemological framework and examine how spiritual intuition functions as a legitimate source of knowledge within the Islamic intellectual tradition. Employing qualitative library research with a phenomenological approach inspired by William James, the study analyses Kubrā's principal works, Fawā’iḥ al-Jamāl wa-Fawātīḥ al-Jalāl and al-Ta’wīlāt al-Najmīyah, in dialogue with the epistemological formulations of al-Ḥakīm al-Tirmidhī, al-Ghazālī, and Ibn Sīnā. The findings demonstrate that Kubrā developed a coherent ‘irfānī epistemology in which kashf, dhawq, and mushāhadah constitute valid epistemic modes that complement empirical observation and rational inquiry through spiritual discipline (mujāhadah). Furthermore, the concepts of Shaykh al-Ghayb, Kitāb al-Ghayb, and Ism al-Ghayb represent Kubrā's original contribution to explaining the process of mystical cognition. This reconstruction offers an alternative perspective to al-Jābirī's critique by showing that ‘irfānī epistemology should be understood not as an obstacle to intellectual development but as an expansion of the epistemological horizon within the Islamic intellectual tradition. The study contributes to contemporary discussions on Islamic epistemology, philosophy of religion, and Sufi hermeneutics by demonstrating that mystical knowledge constitutes a systematic theory of knowledge rather than merely a form of personal religious experience.
Online Gambling and the Violation of Maqashid Shariah: Implications for Family Communication and Economic Stability in Indonesia Nur Saniah; Marlina; Ade Khadijatul Z. Hrp; Rahmat
Refleksi: Jurnal Kajian Agama dan Filsafat Vol. 25 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Faculty of Ushuluddin Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University, Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/refleksi.v25.i1.51850

Abstract

This paper examines online gambling in Indonesia from the perspective of Maqashid Shariah. Previous studies have primarily focused on its legal status, psychological effects, economic consequences, and family-related problems, while limited attention has been given to how online gambling simultaneously undermines the fundamental objectives of Islamic law. Addressing this gap, the study analyzes online gambling as a form of systemic mafsadah that threatens multiple dimensions of human welfare (maslahah). Employing a qualitative library research approach, the study analyzes scholarly publications, official reports, and relevant academic literature using qualitative content analysis. The findings demonstrate that online gambling generates interconnected harms extending beyond financial loss, eroding the protection of religion (hifz al-din), intellect (hifz al-'aql), wealth (hifz al-mal), family and future generations (hifz al-nasl), and ultimately social stability. Rather than constituting merely a prohibited form of maisir, online gambling represents a multidimensional threat that weakens the ethical, economic, and social foundations of Muslim society. This study contributes to contemporary Maqashid Shariah scholarship by proposing a systemic framework for understanding digital gambling and offers a normative basis for developing preventive policies and strengthening family resilience in the digital era.
From Religious Identity to Cultural Citizenship: Identity Transformation and Civil Rights Negotiation among MLKI Banyumas Abdul Qodir Abdillah; Roibin; Lutfi Mustofa
Refleksi: Jurnal Kajian Agama dan Filsafat Vol. 25 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Faculty of Ushuluddin Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University, Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/refleksi.v25.i1.52264

Abstract

This research examines how the community of religious adherents who are members of the Supreme Council of Belief in the One Almighty God of Indonesia (MLKI) in Banyumas transforms their religious identity into a cultural identity as a strategy to negotiate recognition and obtain civil rights. This article puts forward a conceptual argument that differs from existing legal-administrative studies: rather than viewing recognition solely as a matter of state regulation, this article frames identity transformation as a deliberate practice of cultural citizenship (cultural citizenship). The analysis is built primarily on Amartya Sen's theory of identity specifically the distinction between singular identity, plural identity, and the "illusion of identity" and is strengthened by Erving Goffman's concept of stigma, Axel Honneth and Charles Taylor's theory of recognition, and Stuart Hall's notion of cultural identity. Using a qualitative socio-anthropological approach through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation, this study found that MLKI Banyumas reduces stigma and discrimination by highlighting cultural dimensions through activities such as visiting and participating in the Religious Harmony Forum (FKUB), thus transforming marginalized religious identities into recognized cultural identities without abandoning their beliefs. The novelty of this article lies in theorizing cultural identity as a form of negotiated citizenship strategy, through which marginalized faith communities gain social legitimacy while maintaining their spiritual beliefs.

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