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Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
ISSN : 01261312     EISSN : 23563931     DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.19106/JMedSci005303202101
Core Subject : Science,
Immunology & microbiology Neuroscience
Journal of the Medical Sciences (JMedSci) or Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran (BIK) is an international, open-access, and double-blind peer-reviewed journal, published by Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta Indonesia. JMedSci aiming to communicate high-quality articles in the areas of biomedical science from basic to clinical sciences.The journal welcomes papers from original articles, case reports, reviews, and book reviews. All papers published in JMedSci are freely available as downloadable pdf files. The journal began its publication on March 1973 and published quarterly (January, April, July, and October). JMedSci is abstracted and indexed in DOAJ, Crossref, Google Scholar, Sinta, Indonesia One Search. JMedSci is accredited by Directorate of General Higher Education, the Ministry of Research, Technology, and Higher Education, Indonesia
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)
Articles 2,170 Documents
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The effect of mangan and lithium on peripheral blood mononuclear cell viability after exposure of narrowband ultraviolet B in psoriasis patients Sunardi Radiono, Merlin Hernanto Agnes Sri Siswati
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 42, No 01 (2010)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (342.15 KB)

Abstract

Psoriasis is a chronic and recurrent inflammation skin disease characterized with hyperproliferation of keratinocytemediated by T cell lymphocytes. Climatotherapy (bathing and sunbathing) at Dead Sea is model therapy which iseffective for moderate and severe psoriasis. However there are group of psoriasis patients who are not responsiveto climatotherapy. The success of the model therapy was based on the influence of ultraviolet irradiation whichcauses depletion of lymphocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells of the skin. Patients who are not respond toclimatotherapy shown to have higher level of mangan (Mn) and lithium (Li) serum than responsive patients. Manganand Li were suspected influenced the viability of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). The aim of the study isto evaluate the effect of Mn and Li levels on the viability of PBMC in the serum of psoriasis patient after exposureof narrowband UVB (NB-UVB). The PBMC were isolated from 6 psoriasis patients using Histopaque. Then the cellsisolate wasincubated in RPMI medium with 0.02 to 0.08 μmol/LMn and 0.08 to 0.1 μmol/L Li for 3 days. After thatthe cells were irradiated once with 1/3 to 2 minimal erythem dose (MED) of NB-UVB. The PBMC viability wasmeasured 3 hours after irradiation with MTT assay and read with ELISA plate reader. The results showed thatincreased levels of Mn and Li or combination did not affect on the viability of PBMC at 1/3 to 1 MED UV-UVB. Butat higher irradiation dose (2 MED), the higher level of Mn and Li had negative affect in the viability of PBMC afterirradiation. It could be concluded that the Mn and Li level in the serum did not affect the viability of PBMC afterirradiation of NB-UVB. It was suggest that other cellular component that involved in the development of psoriasislesions, such as dendritic cells, fibroblasts, macrophages, and keratinocyte, were associated with Mn and Li levels.Key words: psoriasis – mangan – lithium - peripheral blood mononuclear cell
Sensitivity and specificity test of fine needle aspiration biopsy in determining thyroid nodule diagnosis Teguh Aryandono, Ahmad Aryono
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 42, No 01 (2010)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

Based on guideline of the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologist, fine needle aspiration (FNA) is believedas effective method to differentiate between benign and malignant thyroid nodule. At Dr. Sardjito Hospital,during2004 – 2008 there were 12 cases of false negative from 14 cases of thyroid malignancy. The high false negativevalue raised question about the role of FNA in determining thyroid nodule diagnosis. The purpose of this study is tofind out sensitivity and specificity of FNA in determining thyroid nodule diagnosis at Dr. Sardjito Hospital Yogyakarta.Patients underwent FNA and surgery for thyroid nodule were collected between January 2004 until December2008. The result of FNAwas compared to histopathological result then sensitivity and specificity test were performedrespectively. The fine needle aspiration was conducted to 120 patients. It consist of 23 men and 97 women, mostly41 – 50 years old. The results of FNA were four of malignancy, 74 of benign, and 42 of follicular neoplasm.Histopathological result showed malignant in 23 patients and benign in 97 patients. The FNA at Dr. Sardjito Hospitalshowed 14.29%of sensitivity, 96.86%of specificity, 50%of PPV, 83.78% of NPV, 4.55 of LR +0.884 of LR-,18.92% of prevalence, and 86.49% of accuracy. The thyroid FNA at Dr. Sardjito Hospital showed low value ofsensitivity and high value of specificity. Futhermore, the thyroid FNA showed minimal role in determining thyroidnodule diagnosis.Keywords : thyroid nodule-diagnosis-fine needle aspiration-sensitivity-specificity
The role of tumor-associated macrophages in breast cancer Irianiwati, Irianiwati
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 43, No 01 (2011)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

Interaction of Tumor-Associated Macrophages (TAMs) with tumor cells gives insights into tumor progression andinto a novel therapeutic strategy. In papillary thyroid cancer, patients with tumors containing TAMs had a betterprognosis than patients without TAMs . In prostatic cancer, the reduced of total TAMs can be used as a novelprognostic marker. In melanoma maligna, high number of TAMs was statistically significant associated with poorresponse to treatment . In breast cancer progression, the role of TAMs is still unclear.Key words: tumor-associated macrophages - breast cancer – angiogenesis - tumor progression - prognosis
Systemic provocation in doxycycline induced fixed drug eruption: a case report Niken Indrastuti, Anik Murwaningsih Rosmarini Estri Sih Hananti
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 45, No 02 (2013)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (2872.668 KB) | DOI: 10.19106/JMedScie004502201306

Abstract

Fixed drug eruption (FDE) is recurrent lesions that upon repeated uptake of causative drug, always appears at the same skin and mucosal site. Determination of causal relationship in drug allergy is very important. In this case report, cases of doxycycline-induced FDE was reported. The subject of the research was a 29-year-old male, referred by dermatologist, with history of reccurent FDE. Physical examination revealed an oval well demarcated patch hyperpigmentation. Patch test was perfomed on previous involved and uninvolved site. The result of the patch test was irrelevant. Retesting patch test gave similar result. Systemic provocation test or drug provocation test (DPT)  with doxcycline were done with suspected drug under ambulatory survelance and gave positive result. In this case, the DPT succeeded to identify doxycycline as the causal agent of FDE. The work-up of a suspected drug hypersensitivity includes a detailed clinical history, physical examination, skin tests, and provocation tests. The DPT is recommended to confirm drug’s hypersensitivity reactions. Systemic provocation test is considered as the gold standard for diagnosing FDE.Keywords:   fixed drug eruption - doxycycline - causal relationship - patch test - systemic provocation test
Micro-vascular surgery in fingertip injury treatment: Case report Chaula Sukasah, Rosadi Seswandhana Teddy OH Prasetyono
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 43, No 02 (2011)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

A high priority for fingertip injury reconstruction is the restoration of skin cover to protect underlying bone, tendon,and nerve structures. Other priorities are to maintain or maximize sensibility, preserve digit length, and minimizecosmetic deformity. Because it is so highly visible, though, the appearance of the reconstructed digit should be asnormal as possible. Therefore, microvascular surgery has an important role in management of fingertip injuries togive a normal shape of the digit. In this case, a clinical experience using microvascular surgery in the treatment offingertip injury was reported. In early 2007, there were two fingertip injury cases which were reconstructed usingmicrovascular surgery modality. The first case was a 34 years old male who had defect in soft tissue of the fourthfinger in his right hand caused by pressed machine. We performed elective wound reconstruction by transferring theskin and soft tissue freely (free pulp transfer) along with the vasculatures taken from fibular side of great toe in theright foot. Revascularization was performed by connecting deep plantar artery/vein with common digital artery/veinat the injured digit. The second case, was a 29 years old female with clean-cut amputation of the distal part of thethird finger in the right hand (Allen’s type IV). We performed replantation in the first 16 hours after injury. Wereanastomosed the ulnar side of digital artery only without vein and nerve reanastomosis. To avoid the distal edema,we did not perform any skin suture and let the oozing from the vein backflow. In both cases, we have excellentappearance result, moderate usefulness of the finger, but still poor in sensibility.Key words: clinical experiences - fingertip injury - soft tissue defect - clean cut amputation - microvascular surgery- free pulp transfer - replantation.
Sensitivity and specificity of serum procalcitonin level compared to leucocyte count for diagnosis surgical site infection on patients undergoing major surgery in Dr. Sardjito General Hospital Yogyakarta Umi Sholekah Intansari, Muhammad Sayuti Supomo
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 45, No 01 (2013)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (223.711 KB) | DOI: 10.19106/JMedScie004501201302

Abstract

Surgical site infection (SSI) is one of the most serious complications on sugical procedure. However, its diagnosis is still based on the clinical and laboratory examination that take more time and less sensitive and specific. Therefore, early diagnosis that is more accurate and precise is needed. Some biomarker such as serum procalcitonin (PCT) is promoted for diagnosis SSI. The aim of the study was to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of serum PCT compared with leucocyte for diagnosis SSI on patients undergoing major surgery. This was a descriptive analytical study with a prospective observational design. Patients who underwent a major surgery between October 30th and December 31rt, 2011 and fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria were recruited. Clinical and laboratory examinations including leucocyte count were conducted presurgery. On 3rd day postsurgery, blood sample was taken for PCT and leucocyte count measurement. A blood bacterial culture was performed on patients suffering from SSI according to Centers for Disease Control (CDC) criteria. Patients were then followed until 30 days postsurgery. A total of 49 patients consisting of 22 men and 27 women were involved in this study. Surgical site infection was found in 16 patients consisting of 8 (50%) patients with clean surgical wound, 3 (19%) patients with clean surgical contamination wound, 4 (25%) patients with surgical contamination wound and 1 (6%) patient with dirty surgical wound. Furthermore, laboratory examination found that 9 patients had abnormal leucocyte with 5 of them suffering from SSI, whereas from 14 patients with serum PCT abnormal, 11 patients suffered from SSI. Diagnostic test showed that the sensitivity and specificity of serum PCT for diagnosis SSI were 68.75 and 90.90%, respectively, whereas the sensitivity and specificity of leucocyte were 31.25 and 87.87%, respectively. In conclusion, serum PCT has better sensitivity and specificity compared with leucocyte for the diagnosisof SSI in patients with major surgery.   Keywords: procalcitoninserum - leucocyte  - surgical site infection- diagnostic test - sensitivity – specificity   
A deterministic and stochastic approach to analyze carbon tetrachloride-induced liver injury in rats Ngadikun, Ngadikun
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 43, No 02 (2011)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

A new spectrometrical method was developed to determine a marker for liver damage. The aims of this study wasto investigate the pattern of cellular interaction in EDTA-blood spectrometrically in rats that induced by carbontetrachloride (CCl4). Eight of white male rats (Rattus norvegicus L), aged of 2 months with body weight of 160-210g were divided into two groups with 4 rats in each group. The first group as control were not fed and the secondgroup as treatment were fed with 0.1 mL/kgBW CCl4 for 21 weeks. At the end of the experiment, rats were fastedovernight, 3.0 mL of blood was drawn from the vena orbitalis for spectrometrical and biochemical estimation. Ratswere then sacrificed and the liver tissue was used for histological assessment. All data were analyzed with t-test.Histopathological studies of treated group showed the damage of the liver cells compared with control group. Theresults showed no significant difference in ALT (p = 0.12) and AST (p = 0.19) but significant difference in AST/ALT ratio (p = 0.01) between 2 groups was observed. The deterministic and stochastic approaches showed nosignificant differences in k7 (p = 0.11) but significant difference in k6 (p = 0.00) and k8 (p = 0.00). It wasconcluded that the combination of deterministic and stochastic approaches can be used to determine a marker forliver damage.Key words : CCl4-induced liver injury – dendrogram – deterministic - stochastic approach - non-functional plasmaenzymes - Rattus norvegicus.
α-Lipoic acid can not prevent effet on cell viability, collagen synthesis inhibition, collagen degradation induction in ultraviolet A irradiated human fibroblast cell Yohanes Widodo Wirohadidjojo, Putu Dyah Ayu Saraswati Soedirman Sastrodiprodjo
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 43, No 02 (2011)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

Ultraviolet A (UVA) irradiation on human skin can generate free radical and stimulate matrix metalloproteinaseproduction resulting in collagen degradation and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) inhibition. It causes synthesiscollagen inhibition and induces cell death. α-Lipoic acid (ALA) is an universal antioxidant and a powerful scavengerof free radicals. In this study we investigated the effect of ALA on viability, collagen synthesis and degradation inUVA irradiated human fibroblasts. Normal human skin fibroblasts cell culture were irradiated with UVA for threetimes with each dose of 3000 mJ/cm2 UVA. α-Lipoic acid in various concentration was added to the culturefollowing UVA irradiation and incubated for 48 hours. The cell viability was determined by MTT-assay while collagensynthesis and degradation were determined by Sirius red binding assay. The difference of cell viability and collagensynthesis and degradation between fibroblasts cell after and without UVA irradiation were analyzed using paired-ttest with 95% confidence interval (p<0.05). The results showed that UVA irradiation decreased cell viability,inhibited collagen synthesis and induced collagen degradation in fibroblasts cell. However, ALA was not sufficient toincrease viability, to increase collagen synthesis and to inhibit collagen degradation in fibroblasts cell due to UVAirradiation. In conclusion, ALA can not prevent UVA irradiation effect on human skin fibroblasts cell.Key words: UVA – irradiation - human skin fibroblasts – antioxidants – α-lipoic acid
Lipid profiles and fibrinogen levels in coronary heart disease and dyslipidemic patients in Dr. Sardjito Hospital Yogyakarta Tri Hartati, Abdul Salam M Sofro, Pramudji Hastuti Tasmini, Radityo PA, Ahmad Husain Asdi
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 43, No 01 (2011)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

Epidemiological studies indicated that fibrinogen and dyslipidemia were important risk factors for cardiovasculardisease (CVD). For several populations in theworld, increase in cholesterol level and decrease in high-density lipoproteincholesterol (HDL-C) were risk factors for coronary heart disease (CHD). The role of elevated fibrinogen in thrombosissuggests that it may be the causal pathway for certain risk factors of CHD. The aim of this study is to determine therole of lipid profile and fibrinogen level as risk factors of coronary heart disease. Blood samples were obtained fromCHD patients, dyslipidemic patients, and controls after they had fasted. Lipid profiles and fibrinogen level of CHDand dyslipidemic patients were determined and compared with controls. There were 92 subjects in this study,consisted of 35 CHD patients, 31 dyslipidemic patients, and 26 controls. There were significant difference intriglyceride level between CHD and dyslipidemic patients, also between dyslipidemic patients and controls (p<0.05).Significant difference in level of cholesterol also existed between CHD patients and dyslipidemic patients, alsobetween CHD patients and controls (p<0.05). In dyslipidemic patients, decreased in HDL-C level was risk factorfor CHD. Meanwhile for controls, high level of cholesterol and LDL-C also low level of HDL-C were risk factor forCHD, but fibrinogen level was not risk factor for CHD. In conclusion, lipid profile was risk factor for CHD whereasfibrinogen level was not risk factor for CHD.Keywords: lipid profile – fibrinogen - coronary heart disease - dyslipidemia
The acceleration of garlic (Allium sativum L) ethanolic extract on gingival wound healing process in Wistar rats Setyo Purwono, Indra Bramanti Ngatidjan
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 45, No 02 (2013)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (5016.517 KB) | DOI: 10.19106/JMedScie004502201301

Abstract

Garlic (Allium sativum L) is a medicinal plant traditionally used to relieve pain. Garlic’s active constituents, allicin and triacremonone, have been proven to have antibacterial and antiinflammatory activity. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of garlic ethanolic extract gel in gingival wound healing process of rats. Thirty male Wistar rats aged 10 weeks with with body weight 200-250 g were subjected in this study. Rats were divided randomly into five groups with six rats in each group. Group I as negative control was given sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (Na CMC) base gel. Group II as positive control was given Benzydamine® gel and Group IV-V were given garlic ethanolic extract gel at dose of 20, 40 and 80%, respectively. Each group was subdivided into two sub groups of three rats according to the decapitation period which were 5th (D-5) and 7th (D-7) day after the garlic extract gel application. Excisional wounds using punch biopsy, 2.5 mm in diameter, were created at the mandibular labial gingiva between right and left incisor teeth of the rats. The garlic extract gel of each preparation dose was then applied on the wound three times a day, starting at 0 day until 7th day. The decapitation was conducted on the D-5 and D-7. Histological slides of wounded tissue were prepared. Epithelial thickness, new blood vessel, and number of fibroblast were examined. The results showed that the epithelial thickness of garlic ethanolic extract gel groups was significantly higher than control group (p<0.05), especially after 5thday application. However, the number of new blood vessels and the amount of fibroblast of those groups were not significantly higher than control group (p>0.05). In conclusion, topical application of garlic ethanolic extract gel accelerates the gingival wound healing process in rats by increasing epithelial thickness.     Keywords: garlic ethanolic extract - gingival wound healing - epithelium thickness – fibroblast - angiogenesis

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