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Medula
Published by Universitas Lampung
ISSN : -     EISSN : 97726154     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health, Science, Education,
Education Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Public Health
Medical Profession Journal of Lampung didirkan pada tahun 2013. Medula hadir memenuhi kebutuhan publikasi jurnal bagi mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran, Dosen ataupun klinisi dan profesi lain dibidang kedokteran. Medula diterbitkan dengan frekuensi 4 kali dalam setahun yang tiap nomornya mencakup 30 jenis artikel ilmiah seperti artikel penelitian, laporan kasus, tinjauan pustaka dan lain-lain. Medula sudah memiliki nomor ISSN media cetak sejak tahun 2013
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)
Articles 972 Documents
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Laporan Kasus: Seorang Laki-Laki Usia 48 Tahun dengan Herniasi Nukleus Pulposus Servikal Fakhrizal, Muhammad Alka; Ramadhian, Muhammad Ricky; Wicaksono, Danang Samudro; Afrida, Frecilia; Ananda, Yovani Tria
Medula Vol 16 No 3 (2026): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v16i3.1801

Abstract

Cervical herniated nucleus pulposus is a common cause of neck pain, radicular pain, and neurological deficits resulting from compression of cervical nerve roots by intervertebral disc pathology. The incidence of cervical radiculopathy peaks in the fourth and fifth decades of life and is closely associated with degenerative disc changes. This report presents the case of a 48 year old male who complained of chronic neck pain radiating to the upper back and right upper extremity, accompanied by paresthesia, restricted cervical range of motion, and weakness during right arm elevation. The symptoms had persisted for one year and progressively worsened over the last two months, with no history of trauma. The patient also reported intermittent burning sensations that improved with rest. These clinical features were consistent with cervical radiculopathy caused by progressive cervical disc herniation. Magnetic resonance imaging of the cervical spine in sagittal sections revealed disc protrusion at the C5 C6 level causing anterior spinal canal compression, as well as mild disc protrusion at C6 C7 with narrowing of the anterior subarachnoid space. Thoracic spine MRI showed no significant abnormalities. Initial management consisted of conservative therapy using non steroidal anti inflammatory drugs and gabapentin to address inflammatory and neuropathic pain components. Due to persistent symptoms and motor weakness, surgical intervention with percutaneous endoscopic cervical discectomy was planned. A thorough understanding of cervical spine anatomy, disc herniation pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, and imaging findings is essential for accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment selection to prevent symptom progression and deterioration of patient quality of life.
Perbedaan Tingkat Pengetahuan Tentang Diabetes Melitus Dengan Kadar Gula Darah Sewaktu Pasien DM Tipe 2 Saribu, Samintola Dolok; Utama, Winda Trijayanthi
Medula Vol 16 No 3 (2026): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v16i3.1806

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a degenerative disease characterized by elevated blood sugar levels or hyperglycemia. The incidence of DM continues to increase every year, influenced by various factors such as suboptimal recovery, the need for continuous consumption of antidiabetic drugs, uncontrolled blood sugar levels, and low patient knowledge about the disease. This condition can worsen complications and reduce the quality of life of patients. This study was conducted to determine the difference in the level of knowledge about diabetes mellitus with blood sugar levels in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients at Dr. H. Abdul Moeloek Regional General Hospital in Lampung Province. This study used a descriptive method with a cross-sectional study design. Sampling was conducted using non-probability sampling, specifically consecutive sampling, with instruments in the form of questionnaires to measure knowledge levels and random blood sugar level tests. Data were analyzed using the chi-square test to see the relationship between variables. A total of 35 respondents participated in this study, with 11.4% in the good knowledge category, 14.3% in the adequate category, and 74.3% in the poor category. The average blood sugar level of the respondents was 285 mg/dL. The statistical test results showed a p-value of 0.003, indicating a significant difference between the level of knowledge about diabetes mellitus and fasting blood sugar levels. Thus, this study concluded that the level of patient knowledge has a significant relationship with fasting blood sugar levels in type 2 DM patients.
The The Role of Glucosamine and Chondroitin Supplementation in the Management of Osteoarthritis. Febriantara, M.Kaisar; Pestalozi, George; Ismunandar, Helmi
Medula Vol 16 No 2 (2026): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v16i2.1808

Abstract

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic degenerative disease characterized by progressive damage to articular cartilage and surrounding joint tissues, clinically manifesting as pain, deformity, and disability. The main risk factors include aging, joint injury or overuse, and obesity. According to the Global Burden of Disease Study in 2020, approximately 595 million people worldwide were living with osteoarthritis. In Indonesia, data from the 2018 Basic Health Research report indicated that osteoarthritis affected about 55 million individuals, with the highest prevalence among those aged over 61 years, accounting for 65%. Pathophysiologically, osteoarthritis develops due to cartilage thinning, leading to biomechanical changes, reduced synovial fluid, and increased inflammatory processes associated with aging. Inflammatory cells, particularly macrophages, release mediators that accelerate cartilage degradation and exacerbate joint pain. Radiological assessment of osteoarthritis severity is commonly performed using the Kellgren–Lawrence classification. Management of osteoarthritis frequently involves nonsteroidal anti inflammatory drugs, although long term use is associated with adverse effects. Therefore, adjunctive therapies such as glucosamine and chondroitin have been widely studied. Glucosamine and chondroitin exhibit anti inflammatory and chondroprotective effects and play roles in inhibiting cartilage degradation while supporting anabolic processes in cartilage tissue. Several studies have demonstrated that supplementation with glucosamine and chondroitin improves pain scores, slows joint space narrowing, and enhances joint function in patients with osteoarthritis. These findings suggest that glucosamine and chondroitin may serve as beneficial adjunctive therapies in the management of osteoarthritis.
Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Kepatuhan Penggunaan Alat Pelindung Diri (APD) Pada Tenaga Kesehatan : Literatur Review Ningrum, Kurnia; Graharti, Risti; Larasati, TA
Medula Vol 16 No 3 (2026): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v16i3.1812

Abstract

Abstract The use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) is a key component of infection prevention and control in healthcare facilities. Compliance among healthcare workers determines the effectiveness of protection against biological, chemical, and physical hazards in the workplace. However, PPE compliance remains a challenge in many healthcare settings. This literature review aims to identify factors influencing PPE compliance among healthcare workers based on recent studies. The review was conducted using Google Scholar, PubMed, and ScienceDirect databases with the keywords “personal protective equipment,” “compliance,” and “healthcare workers.” Articles published between 2015 and 2025 were included. Of the 62 articles identified, 13 met the inclusion criteria and were analyzed in depth. The analysis focused on synthesizing findings related to individual, organizational, and work environment factors affecting PPE compliance. The results show that individual factors such as knowledge, attitude, risk perception, and work experience significantly influence compliance behavior. Organizational factors, including PPE availability, institutional policies, supervision, safety culture, and continuous training, also play an important role in shaping compliance. In addition, work environment factors such as workload, comfort of PPE, and physical conditions of care areas contribute to compliance levels. Understanding these factors is essential for improving patient and healthcare worker safety through comprehensive intervention strategies. Improving education, strengthening institutional policies, and ensuring adequate PPE supply systems are expected to enhance compliance. In Indonesia, integrated studies examining factors influencing PPE compliance remain limited, highlighting the need for further research to support policy development and occupational safety practices for healthcare workers.
Laporan Kasus: Pemanfaatan MRI pada Diagnosis Fraktur Kompresi Vertebra Akut Post-Trauma Afrida, Frecilia; Ramadhian, Ricky
Medula Vol 16 No 3 (2026): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v16i3.1813

Abstract

Vertebral compression fracture (VCF) is a common spinal injury, particularly among the elderly population with underlying osteoporosis. This condition may lead to severe pain, functional limitation, spinal deformity, and increased morbidity and mortality if not accurately diagnosed and managed. A comprehensive clinical and radiological approach is essential to establish the diagnosis and to differentiate acute traumatic fractures from chronic or pathological vertebral fractures. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) plays a crucial role in the evaluation of vertebral compression fractures due to its superior ability to assess soft tissues, spinal cord involvement, and bone marrow edema, which is a key indicator of acute injury. This case report describes a 68-year-old male with a known history of osteoporosis who presented to the emergency department following a fall from a height. The patient complained of severe lumbar pain and limited mobility without neurological deficits. MRI examination revealed an acute vertebral compression fracture characterized by bone marrow edema, with no evidence of paraspinal soft tissue involvement or spinal cord compression. These findings confirmed the diagnosis of an acute post-traumatic VCF in an osteoporotic patient. This case highlights the pivotal role of MRI in determining fracture acuity, evaluating spinal stability, detecting potential complications, and guiding appropriate management strategies. The appropriate utilization of MRI may improve diagnostic accuracy, facilitate timely intervention, and ultimately enhance clinical outcomes in patients with vertebral compression fractures.
Pasien Perempuan 45 Tahun dengan Ulkus Kornea Cum Hipopion Okuli Dekstra : Sebuah Laporan Kasus Aulia Ghina Sabilla; Maulana, Muhammad
Medula Vol 16 No 3 (2026): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v16i3.1815

Abstract

The cornea is a transparent, avascular layer located at the front of the eye, primarily functioning to protect the eyeball. It consists of five distinct layers: the epithelium, Bowman's membrane, stroma, Descemet's membrane, and endothelium. The corneal epithelium plays a crucial role as a barrier against infection. Damage to the epithelial layer allows external substances to penetrate the underlying tissues, potentially leading to a corneal ulcer. A corneal ulcer is a pathological condition characterized by a lesion or defect in the corneal epithelium, resulting from a loss of tissue integrity and accompanied by an inflammatory infiltrate. This condition can affect the cornea from the epithelium to the stroma and constitutes an ophthalmic emergency that can severely threaten vision. Corneal ulcers are frequently associated with hypopyon, which is an inflammatory reaction in the anterior chamber of the eye, visible as a white layer that settles at the bottom of the chamber due to gravity. In this case report, a 45-year-old woman presented with a red right eye and decreased visual acuity that had persisted for one month. The patient reported a history of ocular trauma from being struck by grass while pulling weeds. Ophthalmological examination revealed a visual acuity of 1/300 in the right eye (OD), bulbar conjunctival injection, hyperemia of the fornix and palpebral conjunctiva, positive ciliary injection, a cloudy cornea with a distinct, excavated central lesion measuring 9 mm x 7 mm, and hypopyon occupying the lower one-third (1/3) of the anterior chamber. Visual acuity in the left eye (OS) was 6/6, and the anterior segment of the OS was within normal limits. The management provided included medicamentous therapy, non-medicamentous therapy, and a plan for operative intervention. The medicamentous regimen for the right eye consisted of topical Moxifloxacin 0.5% hourly, Natamycin 5% every 3 hours, Atropine Sulfate 1% every 8 hours, Sodium Potassium Chloride every 4 hours, and systemic therapy with Ciprofloxacin tablets 2x500 mg and Ketoconazole tablets 3x200 mg.
Low Back Pain Pada Petani Karet: Sebuah Tinjauan Pustaka Pratama, Redi Bintang; Utomo, Muhammad Aditya; Utama, Winda Trijayanthi
Medula Vol 16 No 3 (2026): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v16i3.1818

Abstract

 Low Back Pain (LBP) is one of the most common musculoskeletal disorders experienced by agricultural workers, including rubber farmers, due to heavy physical demands, repetitive activities, and non-ergonomic work postures. The high prevalence of LBP among rubber farmers has the potential to reduce work productivity, increase the risk of disability, and negatively impact quality of life. This study aims to review the literature related to the incidence, prevalence, risk factors, and prevention and management efforts for Low Back Pain in rubber farmers. The method used is a literature review by searching for scientific articles through the Google Scholar, PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Garuda databases. The articles included were original studies in Indonesian and English published in the last ten years and discussed LBP in rubber farmers or agricultural workers with similar work characteristics. The results of the study showed that the prevalence of LBP among rubber farmers was relatively high, ranging from 33% to more than 70%. The main risk factors include heavy workloads, non-ergonomic work postures, repetitive work activities, prolonged standing or bending, and working without ergonomic training. Individual factors such as age, length of service, body mass index, and smoking habits also contribute to an increased risk of LBP. Recommended LBP prevention and management efforts include applying ergonomic principles at work, regulating work and rest times, occupational health education, stretching and back muscle strengthening exercises, and controlling individual risk factors. The conclusion of this literature review indicates that LBP among rubber farmers is a multifactorial occupational health problem that requires ergonomic interventions and continuous occupational health promotion.
Peran Laju Endap Darah dalam Evaluasi Penyakit Inflamasi Kronik Purnama Sari, Faraztya; Sangging, Putu Ristyaning Ayu; Graharti, Risti
Medula Vol 16 No 3 (2026): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v16i3.1821

Abstract

Chronic inflammation is a persistent immune response resulting from continuous inflammatory stimuli, such as chronic infections, autoimmune diseases, and metabolic disorders, and plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of various chronic diseases. Continuous evaluation of inflammatory activity requires laboratory parameters that are easily accessible and capable of reflecting long-term inflammatory processes. The erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) is a non-specific hematological test that remains widely used in clinical practice to assess systemic inflammation. Elevated ESR values occur as a result of changes in acute-phase proteins, particularly fibrinogen and immunoglobulins, which promote erythrocyte aggregation and accelerate the sedimentation process. This review article aims to discuss the role of ESR in the evaluation of chronic inflammatory diseases, including the mechanisms underlying ESR elevation, its advantages, limitations, and comparison with other inflammatory biomarkers. ESR has advantages in representing stable chronic inflammation, its simplicity, and relatively low cost; however, it also has limitations, including low specificity and a slow response to changes in inflammatory activity. Therefore, ESR should be interpreted comprehensively in conjunction with clinical evaluation and other inflammatory biomarkers to support optimal management of chronic inflammatory diseases.
Faktor Risiko dan Komplikasi Hipertensi Tidak Terkontrol di Indonesia: Literature Review Puspitasari, Nabila; Yonata, Ade; Islami, Suryadi
Medula Vol 16 No 3 (2026): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v16i3.1822

Abstract

Uncontrolled hypertension is one of the major public health problems in Indonesia and contributes substantially to increased morbidity and mortality related to cardiovascular disease and target organ damage. This condition occurs when blood pressure remains above the recommended target despite the use of antihypertensive therapy. This article aims to review and analyze risk factors and complications associated with uncontrolled hypertension in the Indonesian population. The study applied a literature review design with article searches conducted through the Google Scholar and Garuda databases in accordance with the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Following the selection process, twelve articles met the inclusion criteria and were analyzed descriptively. The review results indicate that the dominant risk factors for uncontrolled hypertension include older age, obesity, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, employment status, low educational level, poor medication adherence, excessive salt intake, physical inactivity, smoking, and psychological stress. The most frequently reported complications were stroke, chronic kidney disease, heart failure, myocardial infarction, and hypertensive retinopathy. These findings demonstrate that uncontrolled hypertension in Indonesia remains a serious challenge that requires integrated control strategies through early detection, optimization of therapy, improvement of patient adherence, and strengthening of promotive and preventive interventions based on primary health care services and community involvement.
PEMANFAATAN POTENSI ALAMI SEBAGAI ANTIOKSIDAN Happy, Terza Aflika; Septiani, Linda; Graharti, Risti; Andrifianie, Femmy
Medula Vol 15 No 3 (2025): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v15i3.1825

Abstract

Indonesia is one of the world’s most biodiverse countries and possesses a vast potential of medicinal plants as natural therapeutic resources. Many medicinal plants traditionally used by local communities are known to contain secondary metabolites with antioxidant properties. Antioxidants play an essential role in preventing oxidative stress associated with degenerative and infectious diseases. This article aims to review the potential of secondary metabolite compounds from Indonesian medicinal plants as antioxidant agents based on previous studies. This study was conducted using a literature review method by analyzing relevant national and international scientific publications. The results indicate that various medicinal plants, including sweet potato leaves, green tea, roselle, celery, and Peperomia pellucida, contain polyphenolic compounds such as flavonoids, tannins, and phenols, as well as other secondary metabolites including alkaloids, saponins, terpenoids, quinones, coumarins, and anthocyanins. These compounds exhibit antioxidant activity through free radical scavenging, hydrogen atom donation, and inhibition of lipid peroxidation processes. In conclusion, Indonesian medicinal plants demonstrate significant potential as natural sources of antioxidants and offer promising prospects for further development in pharmaceutical and health applications, particularly as raw materials for phytopharmaceutical products and supportive therapies.

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