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Pharmaciana: Jurnal Kefarmasian

PHARMACIANA
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Published by Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

ISSN : 20884559 EISSN : 24770256 DOI : 10.12928

Core Subject : Health,

Medicine & Pharmacology

Pharmaciana is a scientific journal published by the University of Ahmad Dahlan worked closely with Ikatan Apoteker Indonesia (IAI). Pharmaciana published three times a year, namely March, July and November. with ISSN 2088-4559 and e-ISSN 2477-0256. The article published in the Journal Pharmaciana selected by editors and reviewed by the reviewer. Articles published in Pharmaciana must not be published in other journals or have been previously published. Pharmaciana is indexed in google scholar, ACI (Asean Citation Index), Dimension (Crossreff), Garuda, Sinta, Sherpa Romeo, Index Copernicus International, DOAJ, and BASE. Pharmaciana is accredited by DIKTI (DGHE) of Indonesia No. 105/E/KPT/2022 April 07, 2022

Arjuna Subject : Kimia(semua kategori) - Kimia (Lain-Lain)

Articles 808 Documents

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PENGEMBANGAN FORMULASI MASKER EKSTRAK AIR DAUN ALPUKAT (Persea americana Mill) SEBAGAI ANTIBAKTERI Staphylococcus aureus UNTUK PENGOBATAN JERAWAT Nur Ismiyati; Tri Lestari
Pharmaciana Vol 4, No 1 (2014): Pharmaciana
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Skin problems are often on the spotlight, one of them is acne. Inflammation of acne can betriggered by the bacteria Propionibacterium acne, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcusaureus. One of the herbs that can be used for acne treatment is the leaves of avocado (Perseaamericana). This study aims to determine the potential antibacterial activity of avocado leafwater extract on the growth of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria that causes acne and mask-makingformulation preparation. Antibacterial activity test was carried out by the diffusion method and theobserved inhibition zone that occured in a series of concentrations of avocado leaf water extract (15%, 17.5% , 35% , 50% , 75%). Antibacterial activity test was also conducted on some avocado leafwater extract mask formula (17.5% , 35% , 50% , 75%) was evaluated the physical properties of themask and irritation test was done. The results showed that the avocado leaf water extract mask formulahad antibacterial activity greater than the extract form. The physical condition evaluation and irritationtest showed that the best mask formulation was concentration of 35%.

Kandungan flavanoid total dan aktivitas antimikroba serbuk biji kakao (Theobroma cacao) asal kabupaten enrekang Sulawesi Selatan Andi Emelda; Rusli Rusli; Nurlina Nurlina; Irma Santi
Pharmaciana Vol 6, No 2 (2016): Pharmaciana
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Cocoa and its derivatives are rich in flavonoids. Flavonoid content of cocoa beans is affected by the treatment process. The aim of this study are to determine total flavonoids and antimicrobial activity of cocoa powder. This study used unfermented cocoa beans in the form of powder. Testing of the total flavonoids was conducted using an aluminum chloride colorimetric assay. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC), and antimicrobial activity of cocoa bean powder were tested by using ten bacteria: Staphylococcus epidermidis, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Salmonella thypi, Shigella dysentriae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mutans, Vibrio cholerae, and Propioni bacterium agne. The result of measurement of the total flavonoid of unfermented cocoa powder is 22.62 mg EC/g. The screening of antimicrobial with concentration of 0.1% of cocoa powder gives inhibition in Streptococcus mutans, dysentriae Shigella, Escherichia coli, Vibrio cholerae bacterium and Propioni bacterium agne, while at a concentration of 0.5% gives inhibition at all test bacteria. In the antimicrobial activity test using a concentration of 0.5%, 1%, 2% and 4%, the highest resistance zone is shown at a concentration of 4 %. The results show that the diameter zone of inhibition for the bacteria Shigella dysentriae is 11.33 mm. The 10 mm of diameter zone of inhibition are indicated by streptococcus mutans, Escherichia coli, Propioni bacterium agne, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis while 11 mm zone of inhibition demonstrated by Salmonella thypi and Staphylococcus epidermidis. The number of the diameter zone of inhibition, 12 mm, was shown in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. In conclusion, the powder of unfermented cocoa beans provides flavonoids 22,62 mg EK/g and have the antimicrobial activity.

EFEK SITOTOKSIK DAN PEMACUAN APOPTOSIS FRAKSI PETROLEUM ETER EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN TAPAK LIMAN (Elephantopus scaber Linn) TERHADAP SEL HELA Yeni Listyowati; Nurkhasanah Nurkhasanah
Pharmaciana Vol 3, No 2 (2013): Pharmaciana
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Elephantopus scaber Linn. has been reported to have cytotoxic effects on breast cancer cells and thepotential to be developed as anticancer agent. This study aims was to determine the cytotoxic activity andapoptosis induction effect of petroleum ether fractions of ethanolic extract of (Elephantopus scaber Linn) leavesagainst cervical cancer cells (HeLa). Petroleum ether fraction was obtained by dissolving eyhanolic extract inpetroleum ether, and the soluble fraction was as petroleum ether fraction. The method used for cytotoxic activitytest was MTT test. The concentration series used were 2000; 1500; 1000; 800; 400; 200; 100; 50; 25; 12.5; 6.25and 3.125 mg/ml. The IC50 used as cytotoxic parameters. The apoptotic observations was conducted usingacridine orange and ethidium bromide. The study showed the IC50 of petroleum ether fraction of (Elephantopusscaber Linn) ethanolic extract was 185 ug/ml. The study also showed the potency to stimulate apoptosis in HeLacells.

Antitrombotik berdasarkan skor CHA2DS2-VASc dan skor HAS BLED terhadap pola pengobatan pada pasien stroke iskemik dengan fibrilasi atrium Rizaldy Taslim Pinzon; Gusti Ayu Putu Ika Bella Saptaning Astyari; Lidwina Taringan
Pharmaciana Vol 7, No 1 (2017): Pharmaciana
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Pendahuluan: Stroke yang berhubungan dengan fibrilasi atrium dan kardioemboli cenderung bermanifestasi lebih berat, berisiko tinggi berulang, serta mortalitasnya lebih tinggi. Pemberian antikoagulan lebih dianjurkan pada stroke iskemik dengan fibrilasi atrium sebagai upaya pencegahan, baik primer maupun sekunder. Skor stratifikasi CHA2DS2-VASc digunakan untuk menseleksi pasien pada risiko terkena stroke iskemik untuk pemilihan antitrombotik yang tepat, pada risiko untuk terjadinya perdarahan skor HAS BLED digunakan sehingga dapat mengurangi kekhawatiran dokter dalam menggunakan antikoagulan. Penelitian sebelumnya sangat terbatas sehingga diperlukan penelitian yang lebih mendukung pada penelitian-penelitian sebelumnya.Tujuan: untuk mengetahui penggunaan antitrombotik berdasarkan pada skor CHA2DS2-VASc dan skor HAS BLED terhadap pola pengobatan pada pasien stroke dengan fibrilasi atriumMetode: penelitian ini merupakan studi deskriptif dengan rancangan potong lintang (cross sectional). Sampel diperoleh dari stroke registryÂ dan rekam medis dari pasien di Poli SarafÂ Rumah Sakit Bethesda Yogyakarta pada tahun 2009-2016. Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis univariat.Hasil: data diperoleh dari 77 pasien stroke iskemik dengan fibrilasi atrium yang terdiri dari 33 laki-laki (42.8%) Â dan 44 perempuan (57.1%), proporsi terbesar ada pada pasien berusia >70 tahun (33.3%). Hasil analisis univariat menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan antiplatelet ada pada 71 (92.2%) pasien, penggunan antikoagulan 6 (7.7%) pasien, serta nilai skor CHA2DS2-VASc 0=3 (3.8%), 1=18 (22.5%), â‰¥2=56 (70.1%), pada skor HAS BLED 0=7 (8.8%), 1=27 (33.8%), 2=29 (36.3%), 3=13 (16.3%), 4=1 (1.3%)KesimpulanÂ Â : skor CHA2DS2-VASc dan skor HAS BLED belum mempengaruhi penggunaan antitrombotik pada pasien stroke iskemik dengan fibrilasi atrium di RS Bethesda YagyakartaKata KunciÂ Â Â : Stroke iskemik, skor CHA2DS2-VASc, skor HAS BLED, Fibrilasi atrium.Â

The cytotoxic activities of the ethyl acetate and butanol crude extracts of marine cyanobacteria collected from Udar Island, Malaysia Annisa Krisridwany; Tatsufumi Okino
Pharmaciana Vol 10, No 1 (2020): Pharmaciana
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

The ocean is abundant in organisms beneficial to living beings, including cyanobacteria that are widely studied for their bioactive compounds. This research was conducted to observe the compounds and concomitant cytotoxic activities of cyanobacteria in Udar Island waters, Sabah, Malaysia, against cancer cells. The samples were identified by the 16S DNA method, and a phylogenetic tree was built to check similarities in the genus. The samples were extracted using ethyl acetate and butanol. Afterward, the compounds were determined by Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LCMS), while the cytotoxicity activities were examined by the MTT assay. Several known compounds in ethyl acetate crude extract, such as several types of Apratoxins, and possible new compounds were observed. The compounds examined were mainly peptide. The crude ethyl acetate extracts of Moorea sp. in Udar Island waters were found to contain cytotoxic compounds, with the IC50 value of 0.072 Âµg/mL against the MCF-7 breast cancer cell lines, that were more potent compared to the butanol crude extract, whose IC50 was 2.031 Âµg/mL. Further isolation and cytotoxic tests are necessary to confirm which compounds are responsible as cytotoxic agents. This finding provides an opportunity for the discovery of anticancer compounds from marine cyanobacteria.

The gastroprotective effects of arrowroot tuber starch (Maranta arundinacea L.) on ethanol-induced gastric damages in rats Vella Lailli; Moch Saiful Bachri; Wahyu Widyaningsih
Pharmaciana Vol 10, No 1 (2020): Pharmaciana
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Empirically, arrowroot tubers (Maranta arundinacea L.) have been widely used in the treatment of gastric ulcers. They are known to contain carbohydrates and flavonoids that play a role in reducing inflammation. This study sought to identify the gastroprotective effects of arrowroot tuber starch (Maranta arundinacea L.) on the ulcer index, % protection ratio, and the histopathological image of Wistar rat models of gastric ulcers. The test animals were divided into six groups. Group I was given free access to food and water (normal control), while Group II was given ethanol without treatment (negative control). Groups III, IV, and V were treated with arrowroot tuber starch at the doses of 125, 250, and 500 mg/kg BW, respectively. Group VI was given sucralfate at the dose of 400 mg/kg BW (positive control). All treatments were administered orally for 14 days and followed by 24 hours of fasting. On Day 15, all groups, except for the normal control, were given 96% ethanol orally at the dose of 1 ml/200gr BW. After one hour, they were dissected, and their stomach was removed for further analyses. The results showed that the administrations of arrowroot tuber starch at 125, 250, and 500 mg/kg BW produced ulcer indices of 2, 1.25, and 1.5, respectively, smaller than the negative control (4.25), and % protection ratios higher than the positive control. The histopathological imaging showed that the stomach of rats receiving arrowroot tuber starch at 250 mg/kg BW presented no pathological changes. Based on these findings, the arrowroot tuber starch is proven to have the ability as a gastroprotective agent.

The development of antioxidant peel-off facial masks from cinnamon bark extract (Cinnamomum burmannii) Sani Ega Priani; Restianti Mutiara; Dina Mulyanti
Pharmaciana Vol 10, No 1 (2020): Pharmaciana
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

The bark of cinnamon (Cinnamomum burmannii) contains cinnamaldehyde and other active substances with potent antioxidant properties. Antioxidants are effective at preventing and reducing UV-induced skin damages and skin aging. This study was intended to formulate and characterize the antioxidant peel-off facial masks containing cinnamon bark extract and the combination of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) as gelling agents. The ethanol extract of cinnamon bark and the developed peel-off mask were evaluated for their antioxidant activities by the Î±,Î±-diphenyl-Î²-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging method and for their physical characteristics. The cinnamon bark extract exhibited a very strong antioxidant activity, as evidenced by IC50= 10.04 Â± 0.08 ppm. As for the formulated peel-off mask, it had excellent physical characteristics, which were identified during organoleptic observations and pH, viscosity, spreadability, and film drying time evaluations. Similar to its constituent extract, this mask produced significantly potent antioxidant effects, with IC50= 47.31 Â± 1.47 ppm. For these reasons, peel-off facial masks containing cinnamon bark extract have not only excellent physical characteristics but also powerful antioxidant properties.

Effects of modified brief counseling-5A on illness perception, compliance with medication, and fasting blood sugar levels of diabetes mellitus patients Neni Probosiwi; Akrom Akrom; Titiek Hidayati; Ginandjar Zukhruf Saputri
Pharmaciana Vol 10, No 1 (2020): Pharmaciana
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Diabetes mellitus is a degenerative disease with persistently increasing prevalence. When patients lack knowledge of their illness and compliance with oral drug therapy, it can lead to treatment failure. This study aims to determine the effect of counseling on disease perception and medication adherence for patients with diabetes mellitus. This prospective observational cohort study aimed to determine the effects of counseling on illness perception and adherence to medication among patients with diabetes mellitus. A sample of 72 patients was selected by consecutive sampling technique and, then, evenly divided into two, namely counseling group and non-counseling group. The data were collected prospectively through observation, interview, brief counseling with the 5A strategies, and questionnaire survey. The result show that counseling had a significant effect on illness perception (p=0.000). Counseling had a significant effect on adherence to medication (p=0.027). Counseling had a significant effect on lowered blood sugar levels (p=0.028). Conclusion: counseling is believed to be able to reduce patientsâ€™ negative perceptions of diabetes mellitus and, consequently, increase adherence to oral drug consumption.Â

P53 expression in ischemic rat models after the administration of ketamine and ketamine-xylazine Ety Sari Handayani; Zainuri Sabta Nugraha; Kuswati Kuswati; Muhammad Yusuf Hisyam; Untung Widodo; Nurul Hidayah; Sahdella Sahdella; Wimpy Wimpy
Pharmaciana Vol 10, No 1 (2020): Pharmaciana
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Ketamine and ketamine-xylazine are often used as anesthetic drugs in animal models of ischemia. However, their neuroprotective and neurotoxic effects in ischemic animal models that have undergone tBCCAO are still under debate. The protein p53 is a pro-apoptotic factor involved in the cellular mechanism of ischemia. The interaction between death-associated protein kinase 1 (DAPK 1) and p53 is fundamental in determining whether cells experience necrosis or apoptosis in an ischemic stroke. This study was purposed to identify the presence or absence of differences between the p53 expressions in the brains of tBCCAO-induced ischemic rat models after the administration of ketamine and ketamine-xylazine. It employed a post-test control group design with four groups of adult male Wistar rats as the subject: (1) sham group operated with ketamine, (2) sham group operated with ketamine-xylazine, (3) models of tBCCAO-induced ischemia with ketamine, and (4) models of tBCCAO-induced ischemia with ketamine-xylazine. Ketamine was administered at the dose of 75mg/kg BW, while xylazine was at 8 mg/kg BW. The expression of p53 in rat brains was assessed by semi-quantification, specifically IHC staining with anti-p53 antibodies. P53 expression appeared as brownish stains in the cytoplasm of forebrain pyramidal neurons, and in this study, it was measured using the Allred score. The ANOVA test yielded a p-value of >0.05, implying the absence of difference between the p53 expressions in the brains of tBCCAO-induced ischemic rat models receiving ketamine and ketamine-xylazine.

The effects of fresh leaf-to-water ratio and heating time on the antifungal and antioxidant activities of betel leaf (Piper betle L.) extract Sartini Sartini; Nurdiah Khaerawati; Rezky Amalia Kamril; Novi Febriani
Pharmaciana Vol 10, No 1 (2020): Pharmaciana
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

More than half of the Indonesian people use herbal medicines to maintain their health, including ones that are served immediately after preparation or also known as jamu gendong. This plant-based medicine is prepared traditionally by boiling using different ratios of leaves to water and heating time. The study was designed to determine the heating time and the fresh leaf-to-water ratio that exhibited the highest antioxidant and antifungal activities against Candida albicans. Fresh betel leaves were extracted by boiling and infusion methods, with the ratio of 1:5 and 1:10 and the heating time of 5 and 10 minutes for boiling and 15 minutes for infusion. The excess water in the resulting extract was removed using a freeze dryer, then the total phenolic content was determined by Folin-Ciocalteu spectrophotometry. Meanwhile, the antioxidant and antifungal activities were tested by the DPPH method and microdilution, respectively. The results showed that betel leaf extract with the highest yield and polyphenol content was obtained by infusion with the sample-to-water ratio of 1:10, and this was positively correlated with antioxidant activity against DPPH (IC50= 17.4 ppm) and antifungal effect against Candida albicans (MIC= 0.5%).Â

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Editorial Address Jl. Prof. Dr. Soepomo, S.H., Janturan, Warungboto, Umbulharjo, Yogyakarta, Indonesia Kode pos 55164

Location Kota yogyakarta, Daerah istimewa yogyakarta INDONESIA

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Contact Name
Muhammad Syahrir

Contact Email
m.syahrir7406@unm.ac.id

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Journal Mail Official
nurkhasanah@pharm.uad.ac.id

Editorial Address
Jl. Prof. Dr. Soepomo, S.H., Janturan, Warungboto, Umbulharjo, Yogyakarta, Indonesia Kode pos 55164

Location
Kota yogyakarta,

Daerah istimewa yogyakarta

INDONESIA