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Paramita: Historical Studies Journal
Published by Universitas Negeri Semarang
ISSN : 24075825     EISSN : 24075825     DOI : https://doi.org/10.15294/paramita.v30i2.20890
Core Subject : Humanities,
Humanities
The journal publishes writings on (1) historiography, (2) philosophy of history, (3) history of education, and (4) history educaiton. Historiography means the writing of history based on the critical examination of sources, the selection of particular details from the authentic materials in those sources, and the synthesis of those details into a narrative that stands the test of critical examination. Historiography studies cover chronologically various themes, such as local history, social history, cultural history, economic history, political history, military history, intellectual history, environmental history, and other historical studies. Philosophy of history, the study either of the historical process and its development or of the methods used by historians to understand their material. History of education is a study of the past that focuses on educational issues. These include education systems, institutions, theories, themes and other related phenomena in the past. History education includes studies of how history teaches in school or society, curriculum, educational values in events, figures, and historical heritage, media and sources of historical learning, history teachers, and studies of textbooks.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Ilmu Sosial (Lain-Lain)
Articles 742 Documents
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ARCA DWARAPALA PADA CANDI-CANDI BUDDHA DI JAWA TENGAH Sarjanawati, Sri Wahyu
Paramita: Historical Studies Journal Vol 20, No 2 (2010)
Publisher : History Department, Semarang State University and Historian Society of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/paramita.v20i2.1047

Abstract

Temple as a product of the culture of Hindu-Buddhist period is the building that describes the concept of cosmogony and a replica of Mount Mahameru the place of the gods. Dwarapala statue is one of the guards in almost Javanese temple. The existence of this statue in the temple (depiction microcosm) has a meaning. Problems which will be solved, namely: (1) where the statue Dwarapala placed in the temple Plaosan and the temple Sewu (2) how is the depiction of Dwarapala statues in the temple Palosan and the temple Sewu? Gana figure that became the object of the study were analyzed with hermeneutical analysis. Hermeneutical analysis of the statue Dwarapala can only be done if the information about these statues is known. From the results of research and discussion can be seen that the meaning of the statue at Buddhist temple Dwarapala not be separated from the concept of cosmogony. Portrayal system was adapted to the function of these statues at the temple. So it can be said that the statues have meaning that Dwarapala is a portrayal of religious situation in the Hindu-Buddhist and the symbol of the world above (heaven). The placement of temple statues Dwarapala complement cosmogony concept representations, thus building meaning of worship into a whole. Keywords:  Dwarapala, temple, hermeneutic   Candi sebagai produk dari budaya masa Hindu-Buddha adalah bangunan yang menggambarkan konsep kosmogoni dan replika Gunung Mahameru tempat para dewa. Patung Dwarapala adalah salah satu penjaga di kuil hampir Jawa. Keberadaan patung ini di candi (mikrokosmos penggambaran) memiliki arti. Masalah yang akan dipecahkan, yaitu: (1) bagaimana patung Dwarapala ditempatkan di candi Plaosan dan candi Sewu (2) bagaimana penggambaran patung Dwarapala di candi Palosan dan candi Sewu? Gana sosok yang menjadi objek penelitian dianalisis dengan analisis hermeneutis. Analisis hermeneutis patung Dwarapala hanya dapat dilakukan jika informasi tentang patung-patung ini dikenal. Dari hasil penelitian dan pembahasan dapat dilihat bahwa arti dari patung pada candi Budha Dwarapala tidak lepas dari konsep kosmogoni. Penggambaran sistem adalah disesuaikan dengan fungsi dari patung-patung di candi. Jadi dapat dikatakan bahwa patung-patung memiliki makna bahwa Dwarapala adalah gambaran situasi agama di Hindu-Buddha dan simbol dunia atas (surga). Penempatan patung Dwarapala candi melengkapi representasi konsep kosmogoni, demikian membangun makna ibadah menjadi keseluruhan.   Kata kunci: Dwarapala, candi, hermeneutik  
Mission and Development in Manggarai, Flores Eastern Indonesia in 1920-1960s Widyawati, Fransiska; Lon, Yohanes S
Paramita: Historical Studies Journal Vol 29, No 2 (2019): PARAMITA
Publisher : History Department, Semarang State University and Historian Society of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/paramita.v29i2.16716

Abstract

This paper explores the mission and development in Manggarai Flores, Indonesia in 1920-1960s. These two activities were carried out by Catholic Church missionaries from Europe. Before this religion came to Manggarai, this region was in an isolated and backward condition. People lived in primitive way of life. The new development was carried out with the arrival of the Dutch colonists who worked closely with the Catholic Church missionaries beginning in the early 20th century. The Church utilized the support of the Dutch colonialists while running various development programs as important strategies to gain sympathy from the Manggarai people. As a result, the Church was accepted and became the dominant force in the community. This proves that missions that are in line with development or religion which at the same time pay attention to religious and secular aspects can win the hearts of the people. By using the historical approach, this paper aims to present a history of mission and development relations in Manggarai, Eastern Indonesia while providing a critical analysis of how religion, government and society are interwoven. Paper ini mengeksplorasi misi dan pembangunan di Manggarai Flores, Indonesia tahun 1920-1960s. Dua aktivitas ini dilakukan oleh misionaris Gereja Katolik yang berasal dari Eropa. Sebelum agama ini datang ke Manggarai, wilayah ini berada dalam kondisi terisolasi dan terkebelakang. Masyarakat tidak mengenal infrastruktur modern. Pembangunan baru dilakukan dengan datangnya penjajah Belanda yang bekerja sama erat dengan misionaris Gereja Katolik mulai pada awal abad 20. Gereja memanfaatkan dukungan Belanda sekaligus menjalankan aneka program pembangunan sebagai strategi penting untuk mendapatkan simpati orang Manggarai. Hasilnya Gereja diterima dan menjadi kekuatan dominan di dalam masyarakat. Hal ini membuktikan bahwa misi yang sejalan dengan pembangunan atau agama yang sekaligus memperhatikan aspek religius dan kultural dapat memenangkan hati masyarakatnya. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan historis, artikel ini bertujuan untuk menyajikan sejarah hubungan misi dan pembangunan di Manggarai, Indonesia Timur sambil memberikan analisis kritis tentang bagaimana agama, pemerintah dan otoritas masyarakat terjalin erat. 
PENGEMBANGAN MODEL INTERNALISASI NILAI KARAKTER DALAM PEMBELAJARAN SEJARAH MELALUI MODEL VALUE CLARIFICATION TECHNIQUE Suryani, Nunuk
Paramita: Historical Studies Journal Vol 23, No 2 (2013): PARAMITA
Publisher : History Department, Semarang State University and Historian Society of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/paramita.v23i2.2674

Abstract

This research produce a product model of internalization of the character in learning history through Value Clarification Technique as a revitalization of the role of social studies in the formation of national character. In general, this research consist of three levels : (1) doing  pre-survey which identified the current condition of  the learning value of character in ​​in learning history (2) development of a model based on the findings of  pre-survey, the model used is the Dick and Carey Model, and (3) validating the models. Development models implemented with limited trials and extensive testing. The findings of this study lead to the conclusion that the VCT model is effective to internalize the character value in learning history. VCT models effective for increasing the role of learning history in the formation of student character. It can be concluded VCT models effective for improving the quality of processes and products of learning character values ​​in social studies SMP especially in Surakarta Keywords: Internalization, the value of character, Model VCT, learning history, learning social studies Penelitian ini bertujuan menghasilkan suatu produk model internalisasi nilai karakter dalam pembelajaran IPS melalui Model Value Clarification Technique sebagai revitalisasi peran pembelajaran IPS dalam pembentukan karakter bangsa. Secara garis besar tahapan penelitian meliputi (1) prasurvai untuk mengidetifikasi kondisi pembelajaran nilai karakter pada pembelajaran  IPS Sejarah SMP yang sedang berjalan, (2) pengembangan model berdasarkan hasil prasurvai, model yang digunakan adalah model Dick and Carey, dan (3) vaidasi model. Pengembangan model dilaksanakan dengan ujicoba terbatas dan uji coba luas. Temuan penelitian ini menghasilkan kesimpulan bahwa model VCT efektif  menginternalisasi nilai karakter dalam pembelajaran Sejarah. Model VCT efektif untuk meningkatkan peran pembelajaran Sejarah dalam pembentukan karakter siswa yang pada gilirannya dapat meningkatkan pembentukan karakter bangsa. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan model VCT efektif untuk meningkatkan kualitas proses dan produk  pembelajaran nilai karakter pada mata pelajaran  IPS Sejarah SMP  khususnya di Solo Raya. Kata Kunci : Internalisasi, nilai karakter, Model VCT, pembelajaran Sejarah, IPS.    
KAMPANYE DAN PERTARUNGAN POLITIK DI JAWA TENGAH MENJELANG PEMILIHAN UMUM 1955 Ahmad, Tsabit Azinar
Paramita: Historical Studies Journal Vol 26, No 1 (2016): PARAMITA
Publisher : History Department, Semarang State University and Historian Society of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/paramita.v26i1.5163

Abstract

Through study of campaign discourse from various documents, this research tries to explain political constellation and discourse in Cenral Java toward the election in 1955. In order to increase the people votes, the political parties make efforts to win the election in 1955. Those efforts are implemented in campaign to attract attention. Discourses scatter as an effort to ingratiate people. Four largest winning parties namely PNI, Masyumi, NU, and  PKI,  are also involved actively in campaign. Each of the, has good mapped approach and targets. In order to attract sympathy from people, the parties often have discourse fight. The discourse fight particularly occurs between PNI-Masyumi, PKI-Masyumi. In Central Java, the discourses of parties and their fight also mark campaign process toward the voting day. Other parties consider Masyumi as a rival, so insistent attact comes to oppose Masyumi. Melalui kajian terhadap wacana kampanye dari berbagai dokumen, penelitian ini mencoba meng-uraikan konstelasi politik dan wacana kampanye di Jawa Tengah menjelang pemilu 1955. Dalam rangka meningkatkan perolehan suara rakyat, partai-partai politik melakukan upaya-upaya untuk memenangkan pemilihan umum tahun 1955. Upaya tersebut diimplementasikan dalam pelaksanaan kampanye untuk menarik perhatian. Wacana-wacana berhamburan sebagai upaya untuk mengambil hati rakyat. Empat besar partai pemenang pemilihan umum, yakni PNI, Masyumi, NU, dan PKI, juga terlibat secara aktif dalam kampanye. Masing-masing memiliki pendekatan dan sasaran yang telah dipetakan sedemikian rupa. Dalam rangka menarik simpati masyarakat tersebut, tak jarang partai-partai tersebut mengalami pertarungan wacana Pertarungan wacana terutama terjadi antara PNI-Masyumi, PKI-Masyumi. Di Jawa Tengah, wacana-wacana partai dan pertarungannya juga mewarnai proses kampanye menjelang hari pemungutan suara. Partai-partai lain menganggap Masyumi sebagai rival, sehingga serangan bertubi-tubi datang menyerang Masyumi. 
SEMAUN DALAM BAYANG-BAYANG PEMERINTAH HINDIA BELANDA 1899-1923 Wirawan, Wahyu
Paramita: Historical Studies Journal Vol 21, No 2 (2011)
Publisher : History Department, Semarang State University and Historian Society of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/paramita.v21i2.1035

Abstract

The background of Semaun life between 1899-1923 is influenced by the hands of the Dutch colonial government power, either directly or indirectly. His father who worked as a stone breaker at the Railway Bureau economically place them as disadvantaged and exploited social groups. Because they are only used as cheap labor. In the stratification of society in East Java, Dutch East Indies in particular, the Semaun is categorized as abangan Islamic family which is in everyday social intercourse are socially marginalized. Politically, Semaun family is not counted, except within the framework of the political interests of rulers in achieving its goals. In the field of education, Semaun can achieve it despite the limitations. Key words: Semaun, educational, economic, social and political   Latar belakang kehidupan Semaun antara 1899-1923 dipengaruhi oleh tangan-tangan kekuasaan pemerintah kolonial Belanda, baik secara langsung maupun tidak langsung. Ayahnya yang bekerja sebagai pemecah batu di Jawatan Kereta Api Surabaya secara ekonomi menempatkannya pada golongan masyarakat kurang mampu dan tereksploitasi. Karena mereka hanya dijadikan tenaga kerja murah. Dalam stratifikasi masyarakat di Hindia Belanda khususnya Jawa Timur, keluarga Semaun masuk dalam kalangan Islam abangan yang dalam pergaulan sehari-hari termarginalisasi secara sosial. Secara politis, keluarga Semaun tidak masuk hitungan, kecuali dalam kerangka kepentingan politik penguasa dalam mencapai tujuannya. Dalam bidang pendidikan, Semaun dapat meraihnya walaupun dalam keterbatasan.   Kata kunci: Semaun, pendidikan, ekonomi, sosial dan politik.  
UPAYA GURU SEJARAH DALAM MENYIASATI TUNTUTAN PEMANFAATAN ICT DALAM PEMBELAJARAN DI SEKOLAH MENENGAH ATAS Sutiyah, Sutiyah
Paramita: Historical Studies Journal Vol 23, No 1 (2013): PARAMITA
Publisher : History Department, Semarang State University and Historian Society of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/paramita.v23i1.2501

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the use of ICT, the obstacles and the efforts made by teachers in the learning of history. It took place at Senior High School in Surakarta using interviews, observation and document review methods. The results show that there are teachers who are really active but there are also some others who are very rare in using ICT. Generally ICT especially the Internet is used by the teachers to supplement the materials that do not exist in textbooks and to search for images as a learning medium, especially those that can not be made by them. For students, the source of the Internet is to fulfill the tasks given by the teacher. The obstacles encountered by the history teachers in dealing with the progress of ICT in the learning of history come from the teachers, students, schools, and students’ parents. The efforts conducted by the history teachers to address those obstacles are by giving assignments, asking for help from others and completing the software.Keywords: history teacher, ICT, learning of history  Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pemanfaatan ICT, kendala-kendala dan upaya yang dilakukan oleh guru dalam pembelajaran sejarah. Penelitian mengambil lokasi di SMA Kota Surakarta dengan menggunakan metode wawancara, observasi dan kajian dokumen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada guru yang begitu aktif tetapi masih ada pula yang sangat jarang menggunakan ICT. Secara umum ICT terutama internet digunakan oleh guru untuk melengkapi materi yang belum ada di buku teks dan untuk mencari gambar sebagai media pembelajaran, khususnya gambar yang tidak bisa dibuat sendiri. Bagi siswa, sumber dari internet adalah untuk memenuhi tugas yang diberikan guru. Kendala yang ditemui guru sejarah dalam menyiasati kemajuan ICT pada pembelajaran sejarah berasal dari guru, siswa, sekolah, dan orang tua siswa. Upaya yang dilakukan guru sejarah untuk mengatasi kendala-kendala itu adalah dengan penugasan, meminta bantuan orang lain dan melengkapi perangkat lunak. Kata kunci: guru sejarah, ICT, pembelajaran sejarah
REKONSTRUKSI KERAJAAN GALUH ABAD VIII-XV Lubis, Nina Herlina; Muhzin Z., Mumuh; Sofianto, Kunto; Mahzuni, Dade; Widyonugrohanto, Widyonugrohanto; Mulyadi, R.M.; Darsa, Undang Ahmad
Paramita: Historical Studies Journal Vol 26, No 1 (2016): PARAMITA
Publisher : History Department, Semarang State University and Historian Society of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/paramita.v26i1.5142

Abstract

The title of this research is Reconstruction of Galuh Kingdom in 8th-15thcentury. Issue that will be studied is how to unravel the location of the capital and palace shape of Galuh Kingdom. To answer the issue is used the historical method which consists of four steps, namely heuristic, criticism, interpretation, and historiography. Result of this research is that the existence of Galuh Kingdom is a history, not a myth. Historical sources which support the many arguments of its existence including inscriptions, foreign news, ancient manuscripts, social facts and mental facts. In addition, the life of its existence as long as eight centuries shows that Galuh Kingdom is not just existent but also strong because it is supported by a variety of solid and coherent system. Concerning about the location of capital and shape of the Kingdom , it still needs to explore further. Judul penelitian ini adalah Rekonstruksi Galuh Raya di abad ke-8-15. Masalah yang akan dipelajari adalah bagaimana mengungkap lokasi dari bentuk modal dan istana Kerajaan Galuh. Untuk menjawab masalah tersebut digunakan metode sejarah yang terdiri dari empat langkah, yaitu heuristik, kritik, interpretasi, dan historiografi. Hasil penelitian ini adalah bahwa keberadaan Kerajaan Galuh adalah sejarah, bukan mitos. Sumber-sumber sejarah yang mendukung banyak argumen keberadaannya termasuk prasasti, berita asing, naskah kuno, fakta sosial dan fakta mental. Selain itu, kehidupan keberadaannya selama delapan abad menunjukkan bahwa Kerajaan Galuh tidak hanya ada tapi juga kuat karena didukung oleh berbagai sistem yang solid dan koheren. Mengenai tentang lokasi ibukota dan bentuk Kerajaan, masih perlu untuk menjelajahi lebih lanjut. 
IMPLEMENTASI TQM BERORIENTASI HARD SKILL DAN SOFT SKILL DALAM PEMBELAJARAN SEJARAH SMA DI KOTA SEMARANG Utomo, Cahyo Budi
Paramita: Historical Studies Journal Vol 20, No 1 (2010)
Publisher : History Department, Semarang State University and Historian Society of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/paramita.v20i1.1089

Abstract

This study aims to introduce the implementation of hardskill and softskill oriented TQM in teacher’s learning of history in Senior High School in Semarang. The research model are structural fit model and significance of relationship between TQM implementation model, PDSA cycle, the model analysis of fish bone, continuous improvement , hard skills and soft skills and qualified history learning is the main target of research. Data was obtained from field studies using Likert scale questionnaire developed from the constructs and theoretical construct indicator. Analysis performed using software models SmartPLS. Implementation of PDSA cycle correlated 0879 to the implementation of fish bone analysis, correlates 0830 PDSA cycle to continuously improvement , while continuously improvement  correlated 0441 and 0749 against the hard skills to soft skills. Soft skills to hard skills correlate of 0329, while the correlation of hard skills to qualified history learning is at 0673. The developed qualityfied history learning need support from  the realization of the continuous (continuously improvement ) and optimal orientation of hard skills. Keywords: model, TQM, PDSA, the analysis of fish bone, hard skills, soft skills, learning the history of quality  Kajian ini bertujuan mengenalkan model implementasi TQM yang berorientasi pada hardskill dan softskill dalam pembelajaran sejarah di sekolah atas Semarang pada para guru. Sebagai model penelitian, model struktural fit dan signifikasi  dari korelasi antara model implementasi TQM, siklus PDSA, model analisis tulang ikan, perbaikan terus-menerus, hard skill dan soft skill, dan pembelajaran sejarah bermutu (PSB) menjadi target utama penelitian. Data didapatkan dari studi lapangan menggunakan angket skala Likert yang dikembangkan dari konstruk dan indicator konstruk teoretis. Analisis menggunakan program SmartPLS. Implementasi siklus PDSA berkorelasi 0879 terhadap implementasi model analisis tulang ikan, berkorelasi 0830 antara siklus PDSA dengan perbaikan terus-menerus, kemudian perbaikan terus menerus berkorelasi 0441 dan 0749 terhadap hard skill dan soft skill. Soft skill dengan hard skill berkorelasi 0329, sedangkan korelasi hard skill dengan pembelajaran sejarah bermutu adalah 0673. Pembelajaran sejarah bermutu yang dikembangkan membutuhkan dukungan melalui realisasi terhadap perbaikan terus menerud dan berorientasi pada hard skill.   Kata kunci: Model TQM, analisis tulang ikan, hard skill, soft skill, pembelajaran sejarah bermutu  
THE DEVELOPMENT OF AGROINDUSTRY AND TRANSPORTATIONAL NETWORK IN THE CENTRAL JAVA DURING DUTCH COLONIZATION Hartatik, Endah Sri
Paramita: Historical Studies Journal Vol 24, No 1 (2014): PARAMITA
Publisher : History Department, Semarang State University and Historian Society of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/paramita.v24i1.2860

Abstract

The Java Land has been developed into a big plantation area, especially a sugar cane and coffee plantation. Those plantation was carried out since the seventeenth century by VOC , and then it is developed rapidly in nineteenth century, especially in the cultivation system period. The development of plantation company needs supporting vehicles and facilities. As a result of this, there are a development of land transportation, especially a train since the middle of the nineteenth century and the water transportation includes a big ships which enliven some harbours in Java, such as Semarang, Jakarta, Cirebon and Surabaya. Keywords: agroindustry, transportation network, Dutch colonization  Tanah Jawa pernah berkembang menjadi wilayah perkebunan yang besar, terutama perkebunan tebu dan kopi. Usaha perkebunan itu mulai dilakukan sejak abad ke-17 oleh VOC, dan berkembang pesat pada abad ke-19, terutama sejak masa Tanam Paksa. Perkembangan perusahaan perkebunan memerlukan sarana pendukung transportasi. Akibatnya berkembanglah transportasi darat, terutama kereta api sejak pertengahan abad ke -19 dan transportasi laut berupa kapal-kapal besar yang meramaikan sejumlah pelabuhan laut di Jawa, seperti Semarang, Jakarta, Cirebon, dan Surabaya. Kata kunci:  agroindustry, jaringan transportasi, kolonial Belanda  
PENANGANAN BENCANA DAN TRANSFORMASI PENGETAHUAN TENTANG KEGEMPAAN DI MASA KOLONIAL Riskianingrum, Devi
Paramita: Historical Studies Journal Vol 23, No 1 (2013): PARAMITA
Publisher : History Department, Semarang State University and Historian Society of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/paramita.v23i1.2492

Abstract

Disasters are human tragedy. They are close to us, but always considered as new experience since they have not become integrated yet as knowledge and experience in society and policies. The idea of disaster has gone through three important phases, namely act of God, act of nature and act of men and women. As well as other disasters, earthquakes force society to account for the incomprehensible things. Thus, learning from the historical experience can provide useful insights into the problems posed by the threat of earthquakes. The paper discusses the two major quakes during the Dutch colonialism in Padang in 1926 and in Yogyakarta during Japanese occupation in 1943. By doing so, we learn and understand the way in which the colonial governments responded to the catastrophes. Additionally it also explores the process of transforming the knowledge among the colonial governments and the natives. Key words: earthquake, disaster mitigation, transformation of knowledge Bencana adalah tragedi kemanusiaan. Mereka dekat dengan kita, tetapi selalu dianggap sebagai hal yang baru karena mereka belum terintegrasi sebagai pengetahuan dan pengalaman di masyarakat maupun kebijakan yang ada. Bencana terjadi melalui tiga fase penting, yaitu hukum Tuhan, hukum Alam dan tingkah laku laki-laki dan perempuan. Seperti halnya bencana-bencana yang lain, gempa bumi memaksa masyarakat menjadikannya hal yang sangat sukar dimengerti. Oleh karena itu, belajar dari pengalaman sejarah dapat memberikan wawasan yang berguna terhadap masalah-masalah yang disebabkan oleh ancaman gempa bumi. Makalah ini membahas dua gempa besar yang terjadi, yaitu pada masa kolonialisme Belanda di Padang pada tahun 1926 dan di Yogyakarta selama masa pendudukan Jepang pada tahun 1943. Dengan demikian, kita dapat belajar dan mengerti bagaimana tanggapan pemerintah kolonial terhadap malapetaka yang terjadi. Di samping itu, makalah ini juga menggali proses transformasi pengetahuan di antara pemerintah kolonial dan orang pribumi. Kata kunci: gempa bumi, mitigasi bencana, transformasi pengetahuan

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