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INDONESIA
Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat
Published by Universitas Negeri Semarang
ISSN : 18581196     EISSN : 23553596     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Public Health
KEMAS Journal: Research Study in Public Health publishes the article based on research or equivalent to research results in public health or other disciplines related to public health that has not been loaded/published by other media. The journal contains articles about epidemiology and biostatistics, health policy and administration, public health nutrition, environmental health, occupational health and safety, health promotion, reproductive health, maternal and child health, and other related articles in public health. The journal can be used by health practitioners, health caregivers, teachers, medical students, and people who are interested in public health issues. The journal was first published in July 2005 and subsequently published twice a year, in July and January. KEMAS Journal is a peer review journal and can be accessed in http://journal.unnes.ac.id/nju/index.php/kemas. Semarang State University (Unnes) is a leading university in Indonesia with the vision to become a world-class conservation university. The conservation vision is closely related to the study of public health sciences. Unnes also published high quality e-journal from various disciplines, integrated, and managed through Open Access Journals that can be accessed in http://journal.unnes.ac.id. The IAKMI (Ikatan Ahli Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia/The Association of Indonesian Public Health Expert) is a non-profit membership association dedicated to advance public health as a scientific discipline and profession that serves public good for Indonesia and humanity.
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KEEFEKTIFAN RODENTISIDA RACUN KRONIS GENERASI II TERHADAP KEBERHASILAN PENANGKAPAN TIKUS Astuti, Desi Rini
KEMAS: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol 8, No 2 (2013)
Publisher : Department of Public Health, Faculty of Sport Science, Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/kemas.v8i2.2820

Abstract

Leptospirosis adalah penyakit menular zoonosis yang disebabkan bakteri patogen leptospira dengan reservoar utama dalam penularan adalah tikus. Pengendalian tikus secara kimiawi selama ini menggunakan rodentisida racun akut yang menyebabkan jera umpan pada tikus. Disamping itu angka kematian akibat leptospirosis tergolong tinggi. Permasalahan yang timbul adalah begaimana keefektifan rodentisida racun kronis generasi II terhadap keberhasilan penangkapan tikus di daerah fokus leptospirosis. Penelitian dilakukan di Kelurahan Sukorejo, Kecamatan G.pati, Kota Semarang, pada tahun 2013. Jenis penelitian ini adalah eksperimen semu dengan rancangan penelitian post test only by control group. Pada penelitian ini digunakan purposive sampling. Jumlah sampelnya adalah 50 rumah. Dari hasil penelitian ini didapatkan data tikus yang tertangkap dengan rodentisida racun kronis generasi II sebanyak 35 ekor dan dengan kontrol ikan asin sebanyak 54 ekor. Berdasarkan hasil uji Mann Whitney menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan rodentisida racun kronis generasi II tidak efektif terhadap keberhasilan penangkapan tikus (p= 0,986 > α= 0,05).  Keberhasilan penangkapan  (Trap Succes) tikus di daerah ini tergolong  tinggi sebesar 17,8 %. Jumlah tikus tertangkap yang paling banyak adalah jenis Rattus rattus diardii sebesar 62 % (55 ekor) dan jenis kelamin tikus terbanyak adalah jantan 57 % (51 ekor). Leptospirosis is a zoonotic infectious diseases caused by leptospira pathogenic bacteria with rat as the primary transmission reservoir. The chemically rats controllings used to using acute rodenticide poison that causes the deterrent effect bait in rats. The problem that arises was how the effectiveness of using rodenticide anticoagulant second generation toward the success of catching rats on the leptospirosis focus area. This type of research was quasi experimental research design with a post-test only by control group. A purposive sampling was used in this research. The samples were 50 houses. From the results of the observation, there were 35 rats were caught using rodenticide anticoagulant second generation while the control group which was using salted fish caught 54 rats. Based on the Mann Whitney test results it can be concluded that the use of rodenticide anticogulant second generation was not effective towards the success of catching rats (p= 0,986 > α= 0,05). The success of the rats capture (trap success) in this area was relatively high amounting to 17,8%. The highest number of rats caught was from the kind of Rattus rattus diardii amounting to 62% (55 rats) and most of them were male with the number of 57% (51 rats).
KAJIAN FAKTOR INDIVIDU TERHADAP KADAR FENOL URIN PEKERJA BAGIAN PENGELEMAN SANDAL Maywati, Sri
KEMAS: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol 7, No 2 (2012)
Publisher : Department of Public Health, Faculty of Sport Science, Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/kemas.v7i2.2810

Abstract

Benzena adalah senyawa yang terdapat dalam lem yang digunakan untuk proses pengeleman dalam kegiatan industri pembuatan sandal/sepatu. Benzena dapat masuk ke dalam tubuh melalui kulit dari lem yang melekat. Praktek membersihkan sisa lem menggunakan bensin atau minyak tanah justru dapat meningkatkan jumlah paparan pada tubuh. Pengukuran paparan benzena dilakukan dengan mengukur metabolit hasil biotransformasinya yaitu fenol dalam urin. Permasalahan penelitian adalah bagaimana hubungan faktor individu (tingkat pendidikan dan higiene perorangan) terhadap kadar fenol urin. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis hubungan faktor individu (tingkat pendidikan dan higiene perorangan) terhadap kadar fenol urin pekerja bagian pengeleman pada home industri sandal Kota Tasikmalaya. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan cross sectional dengan sampel sebanyak 57 orang yang terpilih secara random dari populasi 68 orang di bagian pengeleman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pengukuran kadar fenol urin minimal 19,62 mg/l dan maksimal 137,24 mg/l. Ada hubungan signifikan antara higiene perorangan dengan kadar fenol urin (p=0,044). Tidak ada hubungan antara tingkat pendidikan dengan kadar fenol urin. Simpulan penelitian adalah ada hubungan antara higiene perorangan dengan kadar fenol urin.Benzene is a compound found in glue used for gluing process in the manufacture of industrial activities sandals /shoes. Benzene can enter the body through the skin of glue attached. Cleaning the rest glue using gasoline or kerosene can increase the amount of exposure on the body. Benzene exposure measurements performed by measuring metabolites of biotransformation result was phenols in urine. The research problem was how the relationship of individual factors (level of education and personal hygiene) on urinary phenol levels. The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between individual factors (level of education and personal hygiene) on phenol levels of gluing workers urinary in the sandals home industry Tasikmalaya. The research method using a cross sectional with 57 samples which selected by random from 68 population of gluing section. The results showed minimal measurement of urine phenol 19.62mg/l and maximum of 137.24mg/l. There was a significant relationship between personal hygiene with urinary phenol levels (p=0.044). There is no relationship between the education level with urinary phenol levels. Research conclusion, there was a relationship between personal hygiene and urinary phenol levels.
THE PREDICTING FACTORS AFFECTING THE OCCURRENCE OF STUNTING IN CHILDREN UNDER FIVE YEARS OF AGE Mardani, Raden Ahmad Dedy; Wetasin, Kanokwan; Suwanwaiphatthana, Wiparat
KEMAS: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol 11, No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Department of Public Health, Faculty of Sport Science, Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/kemas.v11i1.3927

Abstract

Stunting adalah salah satu masalah kesehatan utama yang berkaitan dengan nutrisi di seluruh dunia, khususnya negara-negara berkembang. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor utama yang mempengarui terjadinya stunting pada anak usia dibawah lima tahun.  Penelitian ini dilakukan pada tahun 2014 dan merupakan penelitian descriptive cross-sectional. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah purposive sampling untuk memilih posyandu, dan untuk menentukan sampel pada masing-masing posyandu menggunakan proportion stratified random sampling. Total sampel yang digunakan sebanyak 181 sample. Chi-square test and Logistic regression digunakan untuk menganalisis data.  Hasil penelitian menunjukan hubungan yang signifikan antara pendek dengan berat badan lahir (nilai p <.001, PR =1.83), pendidikan ibu (nilai p =.009 PR = 1.80), pengetahuan ibu tentang malnutrisi (nilai p <.001, PR= 2.28), dan tipe-tipe keluarga (nilai p= .003, PR= 1.64); faktor utama penyebab anak pendek pada anak usia dibawah lima tahun adalah pengetahuan ibu tentang malnutrisi (p-value= 0.01, Exp(B)= 0.35).Stunting is one of the main nutritional health problems throughout the world, particularly in developing countries. The objective of this study was to examine the predictor factors affecting the occurrence of stunting in children under five years of age. This  research was conducted at 2014 and this was a descriptive cross-sectional study. The purposive sampling technique was used to choose the community health meeting, and the proportion stratified random sampling technique was used to selecting the sample in each community health meeting. The total sample size was 181 samples. Chi-square test and Logistic regression were used to analyze the data. The results showed the significant relationships between child’s birth weight (p-value <.001, PR =1.83), mother’s education (p-value =.009 PR = 1.80), mother’s knowledge of child malnutrition (p-value <.001, PR= 2.28), and family types (p-value= .003, PR= 1.64) with stunting; The predictor factor of stunting in children under five years of age was mother’s knowledge of child malnutrition (p-value= 0.01, Exp(B)= 0.35).
FAKTOR-FAKTOR PREDISPOSISI PRAKTIK PENDIDIKAN KESEHATAN REPRODUKSI REMAJA -, Suharyo
KEMAS: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol 5, No 1 (2009)
Publisher : Department of Public Health, Faculty of Sport Science, Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/kemas.v5i1.1854

Abstract

Pendidikan kesehatan reproduksi remaja (KRR) di sekolah diharapkan mampu meningkatkan derajat kesehatan anak didik dan kualitas sumber daya manusia. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor predisposisi yang berhubungan dengan praktik pendidikan KRR oleh guru bimbingan konseling pada SMP di Kota Semarang. Pendekatan penelitian ini adalah study belah lintang. Populasi penelitian adalah guru BK SMP negeri dan swasta sebanyak 190. Dengan teknik pengambilan sampel acak didapatkan sampel 64 guru. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara. Uji statistik yang digunakan adalah chi square dan fisher’s exact, sedangkan regresi logistik digunakan untuk uji multivariat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan proporsi praktik pendidikan KRR guru BK yang tergolong baik mencapai 53,1%. Variabel yang berhubungan dengan praktik pendidikan KRR guru BK secara bersama-sama adalah pengetahuan tentang pendidikan KRR (RP = 12,48), dan sikap terhadap pendidikan KRR (RP = 3,89). Jadi faktor terbesar menyumbang praktik adalah pengetahuan tentang pendidikan KRR. AbstractAdolescent reproductive health education in the school is expected to improve the health of students and the quality of human resources. The purpose of this study was to determine the predisposing factors associated with the practices of KRR by teacher in junior high school in the Semarang city. The approach of this study was cross-sectional. The study population were counseling teachers of public and private junior high school in the Semarang city as many as 190. With simple random sampling technique obtained 64 samples of teachers. Data collected using interviewing techniques. Statistical tests used were chi-square and fisher’s exact whereas logistic regression used for multivariate testing. The results showed the proportion of KRR practices that were good reaching 53.1%. Variables related to the practice of KRR was the knowledge of KRR education (RP = 12.48), and attitudes toward education KRR (RP = 3.89). So the biggest factor contribute to the knowledge is about educational practices KRR. Keywords: Predisposing factors; Adolescent reproductive; Health; Counseling teacher
MEDIA LEAFLET, VIDEO DAN PENGETAHUAN SISWA SD TENTANG BAHAYA MEROKOK (Studi pada Siswa SDN 78 Sabrang Lor Mojosongo Surakarta) Ambarwati, Ambarwati; Umaroh, Ayu Khoirotul; Kurniawati, Fifit; Kuswandari, Tika Diah; Darojah, Saroh
KEMAS: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol 10, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Department of Public Health, Faculty of Sport Science, Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/kemas.v10i1.3064

Abstract

Merokok merupakan kegiatan yang sering kita jumpai di masyarakat. Meskipun sebagian besar masyarakat mengetahui bahaya merokok, namun kebiasaan merokok tetap banyak dilakukan di masyarakat. Bahkan telah merambah ke siswa sekolah dasar. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh media leaflet dengan video terhadap pengetahuan siswa SDN 78 Sabrang Lor Mojosongo tentang bahaya merokok. Jenis penelitian ini adalah eksperimen, dengan rancangan penelitian pretest and posttest without control group design. Sampel sebanyak 96 siswa kelas V dan VI SD Sabrang Lor Mojosongo yang ditentukan dengan tehnik total sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai pre test pengetahuan siswa SD pada kelompok leaflet sebagian besar, yaitu 30 orang (62,5%) dalam kategori baik dan pada kelompok video sebagian besar, yaitu 33 siswa (68,8%) dalam kategori cukup. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan ada pengaruh penggunaan media leaflet (p= 0,000≤ α=0,05) namun tidak ada pengaruh penggunaan media video (p= 0,328> α=0,05) terhadap pengetahuan siswa SDN 78 Sabrang Lor Mojosongo tentang bahaya merokok. Sehingga dapat dikatakan media leaflet lebih efektif dalam meningkatkan pengetahuan siswa SD tentang bahaya merokok dibandingkan video. Smoking is an activity that often be done by society. Although almost human know the negative effect of cigarette, but they still have cigarette smoking habit. In fact, the habit have cut down to students in elementary school. The aim of the research was to know the influence of health education with leaflet and film toward elementary school Sabrang Lor student’s knowledge about the negative effect of smoking. The study was experimental with pretest and posttest without control group design. Sample were 96 Sabrang Lor elementary school students that was given by total sampling technique. The result of the study showed, before intervention in leaflet group, the score of student’s knowledge majority was in good category= 30 students (62,5%) and in film group majority in enough category= 33 students (68,8%). After intervention, the score increased, in leaflet group there were 8 Students to be good category and in film group there were 3 students to be enough category. The conclu-sion of the research was : leaflet is more effective to increase the knowledge of Sabrang Lor elementary school students about the dangerous of smoking than film media.
STUDI KUALITATIF FAKTOR YANG MELATARBELAKANGI DROP OUT PENGOBATAN TUBERKULOSIS PARU Nugroho, Randy Adhi
KEMAS: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol 7, No 1 (2011)
Publisher : Department of Public Health, Faculty of Sport Science, Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/kemas.v7i1.2801

Abstract

Hasil pengobatan BTA positif di Balai Pengobatan Penyakit Paru-ParuTegal tahun 2008-2010, menyatakan angka drop out belum mencapai target nasional (<10%), sehingga permasalahan dalam penelitian ini adalah ingin mengetahui faktor yang melatarbelakangi drop out pengobatan tuberkulosis paru di BP4 Tegal. Penelitian ini dilakukan di balai pengobatan penyakit paru Tegal padatahun 2011.Jenis penelitian ini adalah kualitatif, dengan narasumber penelitian adalah pasien yang drop out dari pengobatan tuberkulosis yang berjumlah 8 orang. Teknik pengambilan data dilakukan dengan wawancara mendalam menggunakan pedoman wawancara. Hasil penelitian disimpulkan faktor yang melatarbelakangi drop out adalah lama pengobatan melewati tahap intensif sehingga gejala hilang dan pasien merasa sembuh, pembiyaan pengobatan tidak secara cuma-cuma, pasien tidak mengetahui tentang tahapan pengobatan, tidak adanya Pengawas Menelan Obat,adanya kesulitan transportasi menuju BP4, adanya efek samping obat, ketidaktahuan tentang komplikasi penyakit.Based on the results of treatment of smear positive in Medicine Center for Lung Disease Tegal in 2008-2010, drop out rate had not reached the national target (<10%), were 18%, 14%, and 13%. The purpose of this research was to determine the factors behind the drop out of tuberculosis treatment. The study was qualitative research. Informants research was patients who drop out of treatment for tuberculosis, amounting 8 people. Techniques of data collection was done by in-depth interviews used an interview guide. Research concluded the factors behind of drop out were time of treatment through stage of intensive so symptoms disappear and the patient was cured, treatment was not free financing so that it becomes a barriers, Informants wasn’t know about the stages of treatment, although informants had high motivation and family support but barriers make stopped of treatment, informants had not Swallowing Drugs Controller, easy access to MCLD easy but difficult if not used the motorcycle, Informants experienced drug side effects, the perception of informants won’t be severed tuberculosis if the stopped of treatment, perceptions of treatment benefit was limited sources eliminates symptoms of tuberculosis, Informant had many barriers in treatment.
MOTIVASI, KUALITAS SUPERVISI DAN KEPATUHAN BIDAN DALAM MENDETEKSI PREEKLAMPSIA Fatkhiyah, Natiqotul
KEMAS: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol 10, No 2 (2015)
Publisher : Department of Public Health, Faculty of Sport Science, Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/kemas.v10i2.3381

Abstract

Kepatuhan bidan  menerapkan standar pelayanan kebidanan bagi kesehatan ibu dan anak mempunyai daya ungkit terhadap kualitas pelayanan antenatal, yang selanjutnya berkontribusi terhadap penurunan angka morbiditas dan mortalitas pada ibu dan bayi. Tujuan penelitian adalah menganalisis pengaruh motivasi dan kualitas supervisi terhadap kepatuhan bidan dalam deteksi preeklampsia. Jenis penelitian observasional kuantitatif dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Jumlah sampel 30 Bidan Praktik Mandiri (BPM) dipilih secara proportional. Pengumpulan data dengan kuesioner terstruktur dan observasi langsung. Data dianalisis secara kuantitatif dengan uji korelasi Chi-Square dan regresi logistik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan BPM yang patuh dalam deteksi preeklampsia (83,30%), bermotivasi tinggi (83,30%) dan kualitas supervisi yang baik oleh Bidan Koodinator (46,67%). Faktor yang berhubungan dengan kepatuhan dalam deteksi preeklampsia adalah motivasi (ρ=0,001) dan kualitas supervisi (ρ=0,0001). Secara bersama-sama (motivasi dan kualitas supervisi) berpengaruh terhadap kepatuhan BPM dalam deteksi preeklampsia. Faktor yang paling dominan berpengaruh terhadap kepatuhan secara berurutan adalah kualitas supervisi (p-value=0,001, Exp(B)=8,129) dan motivasi (p-value=0,002, Exp(B)=7,167). Diharapkan bidan koordinator melaksanakan supervisi fasilitatif secara berkala terhadap bidan pelaksana.Compliance standards apply midwife obstetric care for maternal and child health and have a leverage effect on the quality of antenatal care provided, which further contributes to the reduction in morbidity and mortality to maternal and child. The purpose of the study was to analyze the influence of motivation and the quality of supervision of midwives in compliance. Quantitative observational research with cross sectional approach. Number of samples 30 BPM selected by proportional. Collecting data with structured questionnaires and direct observation. The data were analyzed quantitatively chisquare test. The results showed that adherent BPM in the detection of preeclampsia (83.30), motivated (83.30) and good quality supervision by the midwife coordinator (46.67).The most dominant factor in a sequence effect on compliance is the quality of supervision (p-value 0.001, Exp (B) 8.129) and motivation (p-value 0.002, Exp (B) 7.167).
HUBUNGAN KEBERSIHAN PRIBADI DAN RIWAYAT LUKA DENGAN KEJADIAN LEPTOSPIROSIS Cahyati, Widya Hary; Lestari, Feriyanti
KEMAS: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol 5, No 1 (2009)
Publisher : Department of Public Health, Faculty of Sport Science, Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/kemas.v5i1.1863

Abstract

Selama Januari-April 2008 terdapat 65 kasus leptospirosis dengan kematian 4 di RSU Sunan Kalijaga. Permasalahan dalam penelitian ini adalah adakah hu-   bungan antara kebersihan pribadi dan riwayat luka dengan kejadian leptospirosis. Penelitian bertujuan mengetahui hubungan antara kebersihan pribadi dan riwayat luka dengan kejadian leptospirosis. Desain penelitian ini analitik observasional dengan pendekatan kencali kasus. Populasinya berupa pasien rawat inap yang menderita leptospirosis dan populasi kendalinya pasien rawat inap yang tidak menderita leptospirosis. Sampel sejumlah 45 orang terdiri dari sampel kasus 15,  kendali  30. Teknik pengambilan sampel secara acak menggunakan instrumen kuesioner. Analisis data menggunakan uji chi-square, α = 0,05. Penelitian ini menyatakan ada hubungan antara kebersihan pribadi (p =  0,024 dan OR = 7,429), dan riwayat adanya luka (p =  0,027 dan OR = 6,000) dengan kejadian leptospirosis. AbstractThere were 65 cases of  leptospirosis with four deaths in Sunan Kalijaga Hospital during January to April, 2008.The research aims to determine the relationship bet-ween personal hygiene and a history of injury with the incidence of leptospirosis. The research design was observational analytic with case control approach. Their population are the case of public hospital inpatients who suffer leptospirosis and control populations hospital inpatients who do not. The 45 samples consist of 15 sample cases, 30 control samples. The sampling technique is random sampling with a questionnaire instrument. Data analyzed using chi-square test, α = 0.05. This study stated there is a relationship between personal hygine (p = 0.024 and OR = 7.429), and a history of injury (p = 0.027 and OR = 6.000) with the incidence of leptospirosis.Keywords: LeptospirosisPersonal hygineHistory of injuries
DAUN KEMANGI (OCINUM CANNUM) SEBAGAI ALTERNATIF PEMBUATAN HANDSANITIZIER Cahyani, Novita Maylia Eka
KEMAS: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol 9, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Department of Public Health, Faculty of Sport Science, Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/kemas.v9i2.2843

Abstract

Handsanitizer mulai marak dipakai masyarakat sebagai alternatif dalam mencuci tangan. Penggunaannya yang dinilai lebih praktis daripada harus mencuci tangan dengan air dan sabun rupanya menjadi keunggulan dari produk handsanitizer. Namun, produk handsanitizier mengandung kadar alkohol yang tinggi dan diindikasikan dapat memperbesar risiko infeksi virus pencernaan yang tentunya membahayakan penggunanya. Masalah penelitian adalah bagaimana aktivitas anti bakteri daun kemangi (Ocinum cannum) terhadap Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui aktivitas anti bakteri daun kemangi (Ocinum cannum) terhadap S. aureus dan E. coli. Metode penelitian adalah eksperimen menggunakan bahan dasar daun kemangi yang mengandung minyak atsiri, yang   berpotensi sebagai zat antibakteri. Hasil penelitian menyebutkan bahwa minyak atsiri daun kemangi memiliki aktivitas antibakteri S. aureus dan E. coli dengan konsentrasi bunuh minimal 0,5%v/v dan 0,25%v/v. Simpulan penelitian, daun kemangi (Ocinum cannum) efektif dalam membunuh S. aureus dan E. coli. Handsanitizer began bloom used in society as an alternative to hand washing. Its use is considered more practical than having to wash hands with soap and water seems to be the excellence of handsanitizier product. However, handsanitizier products contain high levels of alcohol and may increase the risk of infection indicated gastrointestinal virus that would endanger the user. Research problem was how anti-bacterial activity of basil leaves (Ocinum cannum) against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Research purpose to determine the antibacterial activity of basil leaves (Ocinum cannum) against S. aureus and E. coli. Experimental research method use the basic ingredients of basil leaves that contain essential oils, which has potential as antibacterial agent. The result were basil essential oils have antibacterial activity of S. aureus and E. coli with minimal killing concentrations 0.5% v/v and 0.25 % v/v. The conclusion, basil leaves (Ocinum cannum) effective to kill S. aureus and E. coli.
POLA ASUH DAN PEMBENTUKAN PERILAKU SEKSUAL BERISIKO TERHADAP HIV/AIDS PADA WARIA Rokhmah, Dewi
KEMAS: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol 11, No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Department of Public Health, Faculty of Sport Science, Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/kemas.v11i1.3617

Abstract

Ketidakharmonisan hubungan antara anak dan orang tua yang tidak harmonis, bertentangan, kejam, penuh dengan tekanan serta mengakibatkan kondisi patologis di keluarga. Hal ini menjadi faktor pendorong dalam pembentukan perilaku seksual yang menyimpang yang mengarah pada risiko penularan HIV/AIDS. Penelitian dilakukan pada tahun 2015. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode qualitative dengan pendekatan fenomenologi. Informan diambil secara purposive sampling, pada 10 waria non pekerja seks. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalam dan dianalisa menurut isi tema. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar responden menjadi waria karena pola asuh yang koersif (keras). Sebagian kecil responden menjadi waria karena pola asuh orang tua dimana peran ibu sangat dominan (kehilangan figure ayah) dan pola asuh orang tua yang permisif. Dimana kondisi ini mengakibatkan eksistensi dan identitas sebagai waria menjadi lebih kuat, serta mempengaruhi perilaku seksual mereka pada saat memasuki usia remaja dan dewasa yang sangat rentan terhadap penularan HIV/AIDS, seperti melakukann oral dan anal seks dengan bergonta-ganti pasangan tanpa menggunakan kondom atau pelicin. Dibutuhkan upaya yang komprehensive antara pemerintah dan masyarakat dalam melakukan promosi kesehata. The interference in relation between child and parents that unharmony, controvertion, cruel, full of hypocrisy, and family constelation patologycally. It being predisposition for the forming of risk sexual deviation in transmition of HIV/AIDS. This study conducted at 2015. The method of this research is qualitative exploration with fenomenology disclosure. Informan is taken by purposive sampling. They’re 10 Non Comersial Sexual Worker of Transsexual. Data is collected by indepth interview and is analysed by thematic content analysis. The result of this research showed that almost all respondent being transsexual because of coersive parenting role. A few of respondent being transsexuals because the parenting role of mother dominantly, and permisive parenting role. This condition caused identity and existency or respondent as transsexual being strongly. It influenced their sexual behaviour in adolecence and adult period being risky in transmition of HIV/AIDS, such as doing oral and anal sex with various partner, without using condom or lubrican. It needs a comprehensive effort both goverment and society for health promoting.

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