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Althea Medical Journal
Published by Universitas Padjadjaran
ISSN : -     EISSN : 23374330     DOI : 10.15850/amj
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology
Althea Medical Journal (AMJ) is a peer reviewed electronic scientific publication journal which is published every 3 months (March, June, September, and December). Althea Medical Journal publishes articles related to research in biomedical sciences, clinical medicine, family-community medicine, and public health.
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Search results for , issue "Vol 10, No 4 (2023)" : 11 Documents clear
Front Cover, Editorial Team, Table of Contents, and Back Cover back cover, front
Althea Medical Journal Vol 10, No 4 (2023)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Cellular Inflammatory Markers and Castelli Risk Indices in Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Rahamon, Sheu Kadiri; Oladeji, David Olaniyi; Yaqub, Surajudeen Adebayo; Akinlade, Kehinde Sola
Althea Medical Journal Vol 10, No 4 (2023)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15850/amj.v10n4.3069

Abstract

Background: The clinical importance of early identification of potential predictors of cardiovascular events in women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) cannot be overemphasized. This study aimed to determine the plasma levels of Castelli risk indices (CRI) and selected cellular inflammatory markers in women with GDM.Methods: A total of 40 pregnant women, consisting of 11 women with GDM and 29 women without GDM, were randomly enrolled into this case-control study using the convenient sampling method. Venous blood samples were taken. The plasma lipid profiles were determined using the spectrophotometric methods. White blood cell differential was counted using a microscope. Plasma levels of CRI-I, CRI-II, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and monocyte lymphocyte ratio (MLR) were calculated using the appropriate formula. Student’s t-test, Mann Whitney U, Chi-square, and Spearman’s rho correlations were used for statistical analysis. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The CRI-I [6.58(6.06–7.60) vs 3.42(2.83–3.89)], CRI-II [4.59(4.17–5.28 vs 1.82(1.36–2.16)) and NLR (3.72±0.52 vs 2.63±0.61) were significantly higher in women with GDM. Likewise, the mean age (34.18±3.49), gestational weight (92.82±11.23), fasting plasma glucose (FPG) (98.45±6.24), total cholesterol (TC) (310.92(290.81–360.78)), triglyceride (TG) (232.86(221.28–256.00), LDL-C (214.85(206.24–239.80), and neutrophil count (76.36±2.58) were significantly higher in women with GDM (p<0.05). In contrast, HDL-C (45.56(44.90–51.34), lymphocytes (20.82±2.14), and monocytes counts (2.73±1.10) were significantly lower in women with GDM. However, there was no difference in the MLR between the two groups.Conclusion: The CRI-I, CRI-II, and NLR are significantly elevated in women with GDM. Dyslipidemia and systemic inflammation are associated with GDM, which are forerunners of cardiovascular diseases.
Antibacterial Activity of Terminalia mantaly Stem Ethanol Extract as Hand Sanitizer Gel Sovia, Evi; Sujono, Hernandi; Farizi, Rinaldi; Sutrisno, Sutrisno; Nurhadianti, Adilfi Risma; Yun, Yenny Febriani
Althea Medical Journal Vol 10, No 4 (2023)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15850/amj.v10n4.2941

Abstract

Background: Hand sanitizers generally contain alcohol. However, it can cause dry and irritated skin. Therefore, it is necessary to find antibacterial alternatives that are safe for the skin. One of the plants that has antibacterial activity is Terminalia mantaly (T. mantaly). This study aimed to investigate the antibacterial activity of ethanol extract and hand sanitizer gel of T. mantaly.Methods: The antibacterial activity test against gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes) and gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli and Shigella dysenteriae) was carried out using the liquid micro dilution method. The phytochemical tests were also performed. This study was conducted at the Chemistry Laboratory, Faculty of Sains and Informatics, Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani in April-June 2022.Results: The ethanol extract of T. mantaly stem contained secondary metabolites of alkaloids, tannins, quinones, saponins, steroids, and flavonoids. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of T. mantaly stem ethanol extract against Escherichia coli, Shigella dysenteriae, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes were 0.63%, 0.63%, 0.16%, and 0.16%, whereas the hand sanitizer gel gave MIC values of 0.63%; 0.31%; 0.16%; and 0.16% respectively. The minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) values of T. mantaly stem ethanol extract and hand sanitizer gel had the same results, namely 2.50%, 0.16%, 1.25%, and 1.25%. The physical stability of the hand sanitizer gel from the ethanol extract of T. mantaly stem met the physical stability standards of the gel. Conclusions: The ethanol extract of the T. mantaly stems has stronger antibacterial activity against gram-positive bacteria than against gram- negative bacteria.       
Antioxidant Gel from Brown Algae (Ascophyllum nodosum) and Binahong Leaves for Diabetic Wound Healing Rahmadianti, Salma; Sofianty, Irine; Aslamiah, Lisa; Insan, Febrian Khoirul; Sihombing, Maria Engzelita; Nuraini, Vidia Afina; Hernawati, Hernawati
Althea Medical Journal Vol 10, No 4 (2023)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15850/amj.v10n4.3040

Abstract

Background: Diabetic wounds are difficult to treat, causing persistent infections and often leading to limb amputation. One convenient way to manage diabetic wounds is by applying wound dressings. This study aimed to develop a wound dressing in form of a gel containing brown algae and binahong leaf extract for diabetic wound dressings.Methods:  This study was an experimental study conducted in the Organic Chemistry Laboratory of Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia from June to September 2022. As many as 33 mice induced by alloxan were divided into 9 groups consisting of application of brown algae extract gel, binahong lead extract gel and a mixture of brown algae, and binahong leaf extract gel with the concentration of 2.5%, 5%, and 10% respectively. All treatments were given within 7 days. Laboratory data collected included phytochemical screening, total phenolic compound, antioxidant activity and organoleptic test.Results: Brown algae and binahong leaf extracts had a high total phenolic content of 331.25 mg GAE/g and 207.01 mg GAE/g, respectively with antioxidant activity of IC50 = 327.33 µg/mL and 209.30 µg/mL, respectively. It was found that brown algae and binahong leaf extracts could accelerate wound closure in a diabetic mouse model. Gel formulation with 10% w/w brown algae extracts presented 91.66% of wound closure, two times greater than treatment with commercial drugs.Conclusion:  The developed gel containing brown algae and binahong leaf extracts can be a promising wound dressing for healing diabetic wounds.
Safety and Preliminary Immunogenicity of Recombinant Hepatitis B (Bio Farma) Vaccine in Adults and Children: A Phase 1 Clinical Trial Fadlyana, Eddy; Tarigan, Rodman; Rusmil, Kusnandi; Sari, Rini Mulia; Kartasmita, Cissy B; Mardiah, Behesti Zahra; Dwi Putra, Muhammad Gilang
Althea Medical Journal Vol 10, No 4 (2023)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15850/amj.v10n4.3279

Abstract

Background: In order to fulfil the requirements of the national immunization program and sustain the production capacity of the monovalent Hepatitis B vaccine, this study aimed to assess the safety and immunogenicity of the recombinant Hepatitis B Vaccine (Bio Farma) using the new Hepatitis B bulk. Methods: This study was an experimental, randomized, double-blinded, and controlled Phase I clinical trial, with 100 healthy subjects divided into 50 adults and 50 adolescents. Subjects were randomly assigned to receive either the Bio Farma registered Recombinant Hepatitis B Vaccine (group A) or a new source of Hepatitis B bulk (group B). Subjects received one or three doses of vaccine, depending on the baseline anti-Hbs titer. Subjects were given diary cards to record solicited and unsolicited adverse events for 28 days following vaccination. Vaccine immunogenicity was assessed by measuring the level of HBsAg antibody titer elevation.Results: No serious adverse events were reported during clinical trials. The frequencies of adverse events were not significantly different between the two vaccine-randomized groups. The most immediately observed local reaction was local pain, reported by 35.7–42.8% of adults and 24.0–26.3% of adolescents, without any systemic reactions. Seroconversion in adults in group B reached 100% and 78.5% in group A, meanwhile in adolescent subjects in both groups it reached 100%. A substantial increase in geometric mean titer (GMT) was observed in the majority of subjects after immunization.Conclusion: Recombinant Hepatitis B Vaccine with a new source of HBsAg B bulk is safe, well tolerated, and highly immunogenic.
Determinant of Hypertension among Adults in West Java, Indonesia: Analysis of National Basic Health Research Data 2018 Karlen, Jannatin; Berbudi, Afiat; Wahyudi, Kurnia
Althea Medical Journal Vol 10, No 4 (2023)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15850/amj.v10n4.2826

Abstract

Background: Hypertension is a serious health problem worldwide. Many studies on the determinants of hypertension have been done, however studies in West Java are still very minimal. This study aimed to determine the risk factors for hypertension among adults in West Java, Indonesia.Methods: This study used a cross-sectional method with a quantitative approach using secondary data from the National Basic Health Research 2018. The final number of individuals sampled was 46,186 people. Data analysis was performed using simple logistic regression and multiple logistic regression methods.Results: The mean age of the sample was 42.97 years (SD=15.37), and females were the predominant (52.95%). The majority of samples consumed sweet beverages (31.06%) and salty foods more than once a day (29.22%), did not smoke (59.17%), had a normal body mass index (BMI) (53.78 %), and had experienced gum disease and dental problems in the last year (56.75 %). Physical activity in metabolic equivalent task (MET) minute was 5,917.79. There was a significant positive association between age and hypertension, with an odds ratio (OR) of 1.06 and a 95% confidence interval (CI) of 1.05–1.06. Furthermore, the analysis found a significant negative correlation between physical activity and hypertension, with an OR of 0.999 and a 95% CI of 0.9999874–0.9999962.Conclusions: Hypertension is significantly associated with age, whereas physical exercise is negatively associated. Priority should be given to elderly individuals and people with a high BMI for interventions such as routine blood pressure monitoring and education.
Patient Satisfaction with National Health Insurance and Public Health Center Accreditation: Lessons Learnt from Majalengka Regency, Indonesia Ruhiyat, Yayat; Sunjaya, Deni Kurniadi; Gondodiputro, Sharon; Mutyara, Kuswandewi; Sujatmiko, Budi; Arisanti, Nita
Althea Medical Journal Vol 10, No 4 (2023)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15850/amj.v10n4.2743

Abstract

Background: Perceptions of patient satisfaction influence the quality of the public health center (Pusat Kesehatan Masyarakat, Puskesmas) services. This study aimed to determine the differences in the level of patient satisfaction with national health insurance and the accreditation status of Puskesmas.Methods: This quantitative analytical study using a cross-sectional method was conducted at four Puskesmas in Majalengka Regency from October to November 2021 using a purposive sampling technique. The instrument used was the community satisfaction instrument (IKM-29) questionnaire , with the variable measured being the level of satisfaction. Data was transformed into numerical form using Rasch modelling and analyzed using the Chi-Square, independent-t, and one-way ANOVA tests.Results: A total of 273 respondents consisted of insured (Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional, JKN) and non-insured (non-JKN) respondents, resulting in the satisfaction mean value between JKN and non-JKN patients of 2.50 and 2.51 (p-value= 0.926). Satisfaction at Puskesmas levels 1 (Dasar), 2 (Madya), 3 (Utama), and 4 (Paripurna) was 2.15, 2.23, 2.56, 3.03, respectively (p-value = 0.002), indicating an increase in the level of satisfaction at the Puskesmas accreditation level.Conclusion: There is no difference in satisfaction between respondents using JKN and non-JKN. However, there is an increase in satisfaction related to the Puskesmas accreditation level. It is recommended for each Puskesmas to maintain the same service to all patients and improve the quality of service, especially in service dimensions that are considered inferior. Additionally, it is necessary to review the minimum standard value for accreditation programs.
Association of Nuclear VDR Immunoexpression with Breslow’s Thickness in Acral Melanoma Sholihah, Fitria; Usman, Hermin Aminah; Dewayani, Birgitta Maria
Althea Medical Journal Vol 10, No 4 (2023)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15850/amj.v10n4.2801

Abstract

Background: Acral melanoma (AM) is a subtype of malignant melanoma (MM) that has a predilection for glabrous skin and is the most common type of melanoma among Asians. Depth of invasion is one of the prognostic factors in AM. VDR may have an association with depth of invasion in AM. However, reports from Asian patients are still lacking. The aim of this study was to explore the association between VDR immunoexpression and depth of invasion in AM patients in Bandung, Indonesia.Methods: This study was a retrospective cross-sectional study that analyzed the nuclear and cytoplasm VDR expression of melanoma cells and its association with Breslow’s thickness in patients with AM in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung. VDR immunostaining was performed on paraffin blocks. The Breslow thickness was measured using dot slide software. Chi square statistical analysis was done to determine the results.Results: Of the 30 patients, 73% had a Breslow thickness of >4 mm.  There was a significant inverse association between nuclear VDR immunoexpression and Breslow thickness of AM (p<0.001), but not for cytoplasmic VDR immunoexpression (p=0.914). Conclusion: Low nuclear VDR immunoexpression is associated with the depth of invasion in AM. Nuclear VDR immunoexpression possibly affect progression and should be considered before administration of vitamin D therapy in AM. 
Knowledge, Attitudes, and Healthy Feeding Behavior of Mothers on the Nutritional Status of Elementary School Students Liemen, Sherin Felicia; Kurniawan, Felicia; Djaya, Nanny
Althea Medical Journal Vol 10, No 4 (2023)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15850/amj.v10n4.3062

Abstract

Background: Some children aged 6-9 years have started to enter the pre-pubertal rapid growth period. Therefore, the need for nutritious food has begun to increase significantly. The role of mothers in providing food is very much needed. This study aimed to discover the relationship between knowledge, attitudes, and behavior of mothers in healthy feeding on the nutritional status of children.Methods: This study was a cross-sectional study conducted in July–August 2019. The sample was mothers and their children who were in grades I to III of public and private elementary schools in Penjaringan, Jakarta. The total sampling method was conducted, and data collected included age, gender, height, weight, and mother’s knowledge, attitudes and behavior in healthy feeding Data was analyzed using Chi-square. The nutritional status of the students was calculated using the 2010 anthropometric standards of the Ministry of Health.Results: Of the 348 mothers included, there were 310 mothers (89.1%) with high level of knowledge, 86.5% of mothers had a positive attitude, and 75.3% had good behavior in healthy feeding. The nutritional status of the children was predominantly normal (46.2%) and overweight (34.8%). There was a significant relationship between maternal behavior in giving healthy food and children nutritional status (p=0.046).Conclusions: There is a significant relationship between the mother's behavior in offering healthy food and the children nutritional status. Therefore, parents should pay more attention to behavior in providing healthy food to children.
Characteristics and Clinical Outcomes of COVID-19 Patients with Hyperglycemia: Retrospective Cohort Study from a COVID-19 Referral Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia Permana, Hikmat; Ikhsanawati, Annisa; Susandi, Evan; Soetedjo, Nanny Natalia Mulyani; Alisjahbana, Bachti
Althea Medical Journal Vol 10, No 4 (2023)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15850/amj.v10n4.3111

Abstract

Background: COVID-19 often causes severe complications in patients with metabolic disorders such as diabetes mellitus. Conversely, inflammation caused by infection may also trigger insulin resistance, resulting in hyperglycemia and is related to the disease severity. This study aimed to describe the characteristics and clinical outcomes of COVID-19 patients with hyperglycemia at one of the COVID-19 referral hospitals in Bandung, Indonesia.Methods: This retrospective cohort study used secondary data from medical records of COVID-19 patients admitted to Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung, Indonesia from March 2020 to March 2021. This study included all patients with confirmed COVID-19, aged >18 years, and had at least one blood glucose test at admission. Patients were grouped based on three possible types of hyperglycemia, namely diabetes mellitus, reactive hyperglycemia, and steroid-induced hyperglycemia; then their characteristics and disease outcomes were compared. Results: This study identified 1,114 patients’ medical records and included 1,013 data in the analysis. Hyperglycemia occurred in 45.1% of COVID-19 patients. The most common hyperglycemia types were diabetes mellitus (55.7%), reactive hyperglycemia (37.4%), and steroid-induced hyperglycemia (7%). The steroid-induced hyperglycemia group had similar characteristics as the diabetes group. The reactive hyperglycemia group exhibited a metabolic syndrome pattern resembling pre-diabetic conditions. The highest rates of severe disease and mortality were seen in the steroid-induced hyperglycemia group, followed by the diabetes group.Conclusions: There is an elevated prevalence of hyperglycemia in COVID-19 patients with diabetes. The steroid-induced hyperglycemia group has the most unfavorable outcomes. These observations emphasize the importance of identifying hyperglycemic conditions to improve management and outcomes.

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