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Althea Medical Journal
Published by Universitas Padjadjaran
ISSN : -     EISSN : 23374330     DOI : 10.15850/amj
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology
Althea Medical Journal (AMJ) is a peer reviewed electronic scientific publication journal which is published every 3 months (March, June, September, and December). Althea Medical Journal publishes articles related to research in biomedical sciences, clinical medicine, family-community medicine, and public health.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 1,068 Documents
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Lung Abnormalities in Systemic Sclerosis Patients through Spirometry, Chest X-Ray, and High-Resolution Computed Tomography Scan Sumartini Dewi; Waliyyuddin Robbani; Iceu Dimas Kulsum
Althea Medical Journal Vol 9, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15850/10.15850/amj.v9n1.2509

Abstract

Background: Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a multisystem autoimmune illness with  a wide range of clinical symptoms. The pulmonary organ manifestations  frequently occur, but the symptoms are non-specific. Radiological examination and pulmonary function tests (spirometry) are needed to detect lung abnormalities in SSc patients. This study aimed to obtain information about the overview of lung abnormalities in SSc patients through spirometry, chest x-ray, and high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) scan examination.Methods: A descriptive qualitative study was conducted on 75 SSc patients registered in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung from January 2019 to December 2020. Data were collected with a total sampling method and presented in proportions and percentages.Results: The majority of subjects were affected by cutaneous 73 (97%), pulmonary 29 (39%), and musculoskeletal 17 (23%) involvement. Spirometry revealed that 43 subjects (57%) had restrictive lung disease, with one false-positive case and two false-negative cases. On a chest x-ray, 45 (60%) of subjects had abnormalities. The majority of subjects were found to have Ground-glass opacities on HRCT scans. Ground-glass opacities were discovered in 46 subjects (82%) and 27 subjects (60%) were identified as having severe fibrosis scores.Conclusion: According to spirometry results and abnormalities on chest x-ray and HRCT scans, the majority of SSc patients have restrictive lung disease.
Comparison of Cognitive Function between Intracerebral Haemorrhage Stroke Patients with and without Hypertensive Crisis Mohammad Arianto Satrio Wicaksono; Cep Juli; Chandra Calista; Uni Gamayani; Aih Cahyani; Paulus Anam Ong
Althea Medical Journal Vol 9, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15850/amj.v9n1.2368

Abstract

Background: Intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) stroke is characterized by neurological dysfunction, caused by focal collection of blood within the brain parenchyma or ventricular system that is not caused by trauma. Hypertension is one of the main risk factors for intracerebral haemorrhage. Hypertensive crisis, which is a more severe type of uncontrolled hypertension may aggravate the cognitive outcomes. The aim of this study was to compare cognitive function between intracerebral haemorrhage stroke patients with and without hypertensive crisis. Methods: This study was a retrospective comparative analytic study, combined with a case-control study from August to November 2020. All medical records of patients with intracerebral haemorrhage, who were admitted to Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung in 2019, were collected. The total score of mini-mental state examination (MMSE) which was recorded in the medical record was taken and compared between groups using the Mann-Whitney test. The MMSE was conducted on the day of discharge, and the minimum education level of the patients was elementary school.Results: We found a total of 109 medical records with ICH, 67 of which  were with hypertensive crisis. The median MMSE score in the hypertensive crisis group was slightly higher than in the non-hypertensive crisis group. Furthermore, there was no statistical difference in MMSE scores between intracerebral haemorrhage patients with and without hypertensive crisis (p-value=0.439). Conclusion: There is no difference in cognitive function between intracerebral haemorrhage patients with and without hypertensive crisis. Further study is of great value to explore the relation between intracerebral haemorrhage patients with and without hypertensive crisis.
Maternal Characteristics and Histopathological Features of Placenta Accreta Spectrum in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung, Period 2015–2020 Yuktiana Kharisma; Hasrayati Agustina; Sri Suryanti; Birgitta Maria Dewayani; Bethy Suryawati Hernowo
Althea Medical Journal Vol 9, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15850/amj.v9n1.2631

Abstract

Background: The placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) incidence has inclined today. The PAS is divided into three histopathological classifications, including accreta, increta, and percreta, associated with maternal, fetal morbidity, and mortality. This study aimed to explore the maternal characteristics and histopathological features in PAS at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung.Methods: This descriptive observational study involved 135 cases from January 2015–December 2020 at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital that met the inclusion criteria. The PAS histopathological classification was evaluated based on maternal characteristics such as age, parity, cesarean section (CS), and miscarriage. Results: The incidence of placenta accreta from 2015 to 2020 was 37.0%, whereas increta was 43.4%, followed by percreta at 19.3%. The maternal age of placenta accreta and increta mainly occurred at the age of 30–34 years with the prevalence of 40% and 46%, respectively, whereas percreta was aged 35–39 yo (27%). Most parities in placenta accreta, increta, percreta were three. Interestingly, 93% of cases had a CS history. Furthermore, the miscarriage history for accreta was 18%, increta 29% and percreta 38%. Conclusion: The highest incidence of PAS in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital is placenta increta, which mainly occurs at the age of 30–34 years. Almost all PAS patients have a history of CS; however, most of the patients do not have a miscarriage history.
Glasgow Outcome Scale Assessment in Patients with Cerebral Toxoplasmosis Brigitta Berlianty; Sofiati Dian; Ahmad Rizal Ganiem
Althea Medical Journal Vol 9, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15850/amj.v9n1.2290

Abstract

Background: Cerebral toxoplasmosis is a Toxoplasma gondii infection affecting the brain. Assessment of the functional outcome after treatment is needed as an evaluation for therapeutic management. One of the instruments used is the Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS). This study aimed to assess the functional outcome of cerebral toxoplasmosis patients using GOS.Methods: A Cross-sectional descriptive study with total sampling method was conducted. Medical records were retrieved from patients with cerebral toxoplasmosis registered at the Department of Neurology, Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung during year 2017–2019. Inclusion criteria were patients with cerebral toxoplasmosis aged >18 years and had a positive HIV serological test. The GOS was assessed and presented in frequency, using Microsoft Excel and SPSS software ver. 25.0.Results: Of 87 patients, 68% had somnolent on admission to the hospital, 51% had hemiparesis/hemiplegia, and 76% had GOS 3, indicating severe disability. Almost one third (28%) of patients died during hospitalization with non-neurological complications as the most common cause of death (63%). On discharge from the hospital, 82% of the survivors were fully alert, 40% had hemiparesis/hemiplegia, and 33% had GOS 4 (mild disability).Conclusions: Most of the cerebral toxoplasmosis patients come to the hospital with severe disability. During the treatment, one third of patients died, and those who survived had mild disability. GOS has improved after hospitalization, suggesting that GOS is useful for assessment of therapeutic management. 
Knowledge and Perception of Diabetes Mellitus among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Five Public Health Centers in Karawang, West Java, Indonesia Khansa Ainun Nabila; Maya Kusumawati; Ginna Megawati
Althea Medical Journal Vol 9, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15850/amj.v9n1.2287

Abstract

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disease that causes various complications, leading to a high mortality rate and high medical costs. Good knowledge and perception are essential for patients in understanding the disease and how to prevent the complications. This study aimed to assess the knowledge and perceptions of DM among patients with type 2 DM from the Public Health Centers (Pusat Kesehatan Masyarakat, Puskesmas), the primary health care facility in West Java.Methods: The research design was quantitative observational with a cross-sectional method and descriptive approach. Data were collected in 2019 from all DM patients living in five working areas of the Puskesmas in Karawang Regency, West Java, Indonesia. Data collection was performed by trained interviewers, using a validated translation of the Diabetes Knowledge Questionnaire (DKQ) (Cronbach’s alpha 0.723) and the Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire (BIPQ) (Cronbach’s alpha 0.74) to measure knowledge (24 questions) and to explore perception (8 questions), respectively. Results: Of the 211 respondents, 165 were predominantly female (76.4%) and aged 52–61 years old (35.2%). Knowledge was moderate (55.8%), however, they had a negative perception of the disease (50.9%).Conclusions: Although most of the respondents have a moderate level of knowledge, their perception of DM is still negative. Therefore, education for patients and the community needs to be evaluated to enhance knowledge and perceptions about diabetes mellitus.
Knowledge and Attitude among Doctors towards Use of Prophylactic Vitamin K in Neonatal Bleeding Disorders in Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology: Experience from Haj El-Safi Hospital, Sudan Rawan Mohamed Sabri Hassan; Abrar Bakry Malik; Mohamed Eltayeb Elawad; Ebtihal Modather Mohammed; Ahmed Sami Abdalla Osman
Althea Medical Journal Vol 9, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15850/amj.v9n1.2518

Abstract

Background: Vitamin K is crucial for neonates to prevent bleeding disorders. Raising awareness of vitamin K use would show positive outcomes. This study aimed to assess the knowledge and attitude of prophylactic use of vitamin K for bleeding disorders in neonates among doctors working in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at Haj El-Safi Hospital, Sudan.Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in February 2019, involving 36 doctors selected by convenience sampling. Data were collected by an interview-based questionnaire designed to measure the knowledge level of doctors toward vitamin K deficiency classification and interactions, guidelines availability and adherence, and parents counseling. Data were analyzed and presented in tables. Results: The doctors involved in this study were 36, including 7 registrars, 6 medical officers, 23 house officers, mostly aged 20–25 years (n=29), and female (n=27). The level of knowledge about the classification of vitamin K deficiency and the interaction of vitamin K with other drugs among doctors was mostly good (n=14 and n=15, respectively). Registrars were the most in the good category (n=6, and n=7, respectively). Most doctors (n=23) were aware of vitamin K guidelines, while only 15 have continuous adherence, 16 of doctors counseled parents about the importance of prophylactic vitamin K.Conclusion: The level of knowledge towards prophylactic vitamin K use in neonatal bleeding disorders among doctors in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at Haj El-Safi Hospital is good.
Reversal Reaction in Leprosy Patients: Study on Prevalence, Sociodemographic Characteristics, and Precipitating Factors at a Tertiary Referral Hospital in West Java, Indonesia Hendra Gunawan; Risa Miliawati; Renasha Firda Hanannisa
Althea Medical Journal Vol 9, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15850/amj.v9n1.2329

Abstract

Background: Heretofore, leprosy remains one of the most stigmatizing diseases with serious social consequences. Patients with leprosy might develop inflammatory reactions that interrupt with stable and chronic disease which are called leprosy reactions. Type 1 leprosy reactions, also known as reversal reactions (RR), are caused by immune responses that initially decreases, then “reverses” to become more intense, leading to considerable disability. The aim of this study was to identify the prevalence, sociodemographic characteristics, and precipitating factors of reversal reaction in leprosy patients.Methods: This was a retrospective study with a cross-sectional design, with an approach to collecting data from the medical records of the Leprosy Clinic, Department of Dermatology and Venereology Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung West Java, during January 2015–December 2019.Results: The results showed that 53 patients (24.7%) of the total  214 leprosy patients experienced a reversal reaction. The most frequent type of leprosy with reversal reaction was borderline lepromatous (BL) (56.5%). Most of the patients were male (68%), aged between 25–44 years (47.2%), unemployed patients (35.8%), and the last education was senior high school (71.7%). Physical stress was suspected as the most precipitating factor in reversal reaction patients (50.9%).Conclusions: The prevalence of leprosy patients with reversal reaction in a Tertiary Referral Hospital West Java, Indonesia is 24.7%, with various characteristics based on sociodemographic. Physical stress is suspected as the most precipitating factor of RR in leprosy patients. Early diagnosis of reversal reaction is important to prevent nerve damage and disability.
Snakebites and the Effect of Serum Anti Bisa Ular (SABU) Antivenom at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung, Indonesia: an Overview Period 2015–2019 Sharon Noor Alya; Enny Rohmawaty; Achadiyani Achadiyani; Muhammad Hasan Bashari; Hardisiswo Soedjana
Althea Medical Journal Vol 9, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15850/amj.v9n1.2392

Abstract

Background: Snakebite is considered a global health issue, especially in the Southeast Asian region. However, data regarding snakebite cases in Indonesia are still very limited. This study aimed to explore the venomous snakebite cases and the serum anti bisa ular (SABU) antivenom effect in treating venomous snakebite caused by other than the snake species indicated in currently available SABU antivenom formulas.Methods: The analytical descriptive method with a cross-sectional study design was conducted in 2021 using a total sampling from the medical records of 63 patients diagnosed with snakebite at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung from 2015 to 2019. Characteristics of patients, clinical manifestation, and correlation between snakes species and outcomes after treatment with or without administration of SABU antivenom were collected.Results: Out of 63 patients, males (79%) were predominant with an average age of 39 years. Fifty-six patients arrived at the Emergency Room less than 24 hours after the occurrence (89%). Most cases were categorized as grade 2 (41.%) where the upper extremities were commonly bitten the body area (64%). Edema (83%) was the most common manifestation. There was no correlation between snake antivenom administered to a specific snake species and the stated outcome (p=0.053), meaning that SABU antivenom might be an effective alternative to treat more types of snakebites.Conclusions: Snakebites are most common in males, attack the upper extremities, categorized as grade 2 with edema. Administration of SABU antivenom provides the similar outcome compared to the group caused by the Javan spitting cobra, Banded krait, and Malayan pit viper.
Therapeutic Outcomes of Pediatric Acute Myeloblastic Leukemia Patients at a Tertiary Hospital in Bandung, Indonesia Filbert Lois Marcus; Nur Suryawan; Delita Prihatni
Althea Medical Journal Vol 9, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15850/amj.v9n1.2315

Abstract

Background: Acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML) is a subtype of leukemia characterized by myeloid infiltration into the bone marrow, blood, and other tissues. AML ranks 5th malignancy in children and the prognosis is poor. After chemotherapy, the outcomes vary. Therefore, this study aimed to provide further insight into the therapeutic outcomes of pediatric AML patients. Methods: This study was conducted with a cross-sectional descriptive method. The data were obtained from the medical records of children diagnosed with AML at the Department of Child Health of Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital in 2017–2019 with the total sampling method. Data including age at determination, gender, laboratory values including hemoglobin, leukocyte, thrombocyte as well as blast cell count on peripheral blood smear were collected. Also, the bone marrow punctures gathered were clustered based on the French-American-British (FAB) classification. Data were presented in tables.Results: In total, 46 data of AML patients were retrieved, with the age category at first diagnosis was >5–12 years (48%) and predominantly males (63%), children with moderate anemia (41%), leukocytosis (35%), severe thrombocytopenia (46%), and blast cell count ≥20% (83%). AML-M2 was the most common subtype (30.4%). The majority of patients (91%) underwent chemotherapy and most (45%) patients died during chemotherapyConclusion: The outcome of AML therapy among children is mostly poor, and particularly die during chemotherapy. Early detection and follow-up of patients to continue therapy are important aspects to reduce the mortality rate of AML.
Body Mass Index, a Body Shape Index, and Waist-to-Height Ratio in Predicting Elevated Blood Pressure Bryan Junius Winata; Veronika Maria Sidharta; Linawati Hananta; Vetinly Vetinly; Nawanto Agung Prastowo
Althea Medical Journal Vol 9, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15850/amj.v9n1.2291

Abstract

Background: One of the complications of obesity is an elevation in blood pressure  which can increase the risk of hypertension. This study aimed to explore body mass index (BMI), a body shape index (ABSI), and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) in predicting elevated blood pressure (BP).Methods: This study was conducted in a cross-sectional design on 215 medical students from October 2019 to September 2020. Respondents measured their own weight, height, waist circumference and BP. Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve were analyzed using IBM SPSS v.23. Results: Of the 215 medical students who participated in this study, only 102 met the inclusion criteria. The majority of the students were female (n=71, 69.6%) with a mean age of 19.37 years, and normal blood pressure (n=90, 88.2%). Area under the ROC curve (AUC) of WHtR and ABSI were 0.774 (p-value= 0.002) and 0.766 (p-value= 0.003) respectively, which were still acceptable. However, the AUC of BMI (p-value=0.589) was 0.11, which was considered poor.Conclusion: The indicators of obesity can be used as a screening value for increased blood pressure in adults, with BMI being the weakest indicator compared to ABSI and WHtR. Further research is needed to examine ABSI and WHtR indicators as predictor of increased blood pressure in adults.

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