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INDONESIA
Lingua Cultura
Published by Universitas Bina Nusantara
ISSN : 2460710X     EISSN : 19788118     DOI : -
Core Subject : Education,
Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 839 Documents
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Internal Language Shift in Javanese Speech Levels: Digital Influence among Generation Alpha in Bojonegoro Phasa, Hidayah Nuril; Andriani, Merry
Lingua Cultura Vol. 20 No. 1 (2026): Lingua Cultura
Publisher : Bina Nusantara University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21512/lc.v20i1.14584

Abstract

Recent studies indicate a decline in the use of regional languages, particularly among populations aged 5–14 who belong to the Alpha generation, those born when technology became part of everyday life and introduced new linguistic input through digital contact. The presence of these new linguistic inputs influenced children's language practices. Based on this, this study examines the Javanese language shift, particularly the level of manners among children aged 7-10 years in Jetak Village, Bojonegoro, East Java, who are Javanese speakers in their daily lives. This study examines language shifts, following Fishman (1991), by focusing on children's linguistic practices and their mastery of Javanese speech varieties. This study employed a qualitative method, focusing on children aged 7-10 years old, Javanese speakers in Jetak Village, Bojonegoro. Data was collected through observations, interviews, questionnaires, and documentation. Data were transcribed using phonetic writing, according to the Javanese Bhausastra Dictionary, written after Glossing Leipzig, and translated freely. The data was then analyzed using the Miles and Huberman models. Research results have shown that Javanese-speaking children aged 7-10 are dominant in using Javanese and Indonesian in a single sentence, demonstrate mastery of higher varieties of ngoko, are influenced by digital media, exhibit differences in language usage domains, and show a lack of transmission of manners. Based on these language practice patterns, there is an internal language shift, namely, the use of manners becoming ngoko and Indonesian.  
Conversational Implicature in the Discourse of Digital Hate Towards BTS on X Sukendra, Irmala; Khumairoh, Riska
Lingua Cultura Vol. 20 No. 1 (2026): Lingua Cultura
Publisher : Bina Nusantara University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21512/lc.v20i1.14626

Abstract

This study aims to identify the predominant types, linguistic strategies, and perceived functions of hate speech targeted at the global music phenomenon BTS (Bangtan Sonyeondan) on X (formerly Twitter). This study used a descriptive qualitative approach, in which the data consisted of comments containing hate speech against BTS from January 2023 to March 2025, collected from various user accounts, both anonymous and public. Approximately 100 posts were analyzed to reflect the diversity of hate speech. Data collection was carried out using the documentation method, which involves gathering evidence in the form of text and images. We point out how online harassers use irony and metaphor as a shield, spreading hate while hiding in plain sight. The findings reveal that the most dominant form of hate speech is negative characterization, manifested through derogatory labels and stereotypes, followed by dehumanization and demonization. The most frequently deployed impoliteness strategies are positive impoliteness and bald-on-record direct attacks. The analysis indicates that conversational implicature is routinely exploited to veil hostile intent through sarcasm, metaphorical language, and irony. This result shows why platforms struggle to moderate implied malice, prompting a shift from policing words to understanding intent, which confirms that in high-profile, platform-mediated contexts, hate speech is not entirely explicit but rather systematically employs indirect methods. These results confirm that hate speech against BTS on X is not solely explicit but also operates through subtle, indirect mechanisms that function to damage reputations, foster exclusion, and circumvent platform moderation policies.  
From Code-Switching to Digital Translanguaging in Indonesian AI-Assisted EFL Contexts Awal, Syawal; Patahuddin, Patahuddin; Nasrullah, Nasrullah A
Lingua Cultura Vol. 20 No. 2 (2026): Lingua Cultura (In Press)
Publisher : Bina Nusantara University

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Abstract

The development of artificial intelligence (AI) in the last five years has significantly changed the landscape of foreign language learning. This study aims to explore the shift in code-switching practices towards translanguaging in the context of AI-assisted English learning among English Education students at the University of Muhammadiyah Parepare. Using a qualitative case-study approach, data were obtained through semi-structured interviews and observations of 12 students from various semesters. Data analysis was conducted using open, axial, and selective coding to identify key themes related to students' experiences, perceptions, and adaptive strategies in using AI. The results of the study show that students no longer use two languages separately but dynamically integrate Indonesian and English to build understanding, expand vocabulary, and improve academic writing skills. Applications such as ChatGPT, Grammarly, Google Translate, and Duolingo act as digital translanguaging spaces that allow students to interact across languages flexibly and personally. Nevertheless, students still consider that AI cannot replace the role of lecturers in affective aspects and social interaction. This study confirms that AI functions not only as a technological aid but also as a linguistic mediator, shaping the way of thinking and language of the digital generation. The implications of this study highlight the importance of educators' roles in guiding the critical and reflective use of AI, as well as the need for a pedagogical approach that integrates translanguaging with technology-based learning.
Navigating Fairness and Flexibility: A Case Study of Differentiated EFL Speaking in Public High School La Sunra, La Sunra; Ramadhan, Fitra; Radhiyani, Fitri Radhiyani
Lingua Cultura Vol. 20 No. 2 (2026): Lingua Cultura (In Press)
Publisher : Bina Nusantara University

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Abstract

Speaking remains one of the most challenging skills in heterogeneous EFL classrooms, where students differ in readiness, confidence, and opportunities to participate. Addressing this issue, the present study investigates how differentiated learning is implemented in EFL speaking instruction and what challenges teachers encounter in its classroom enactment, with a particular focus on lived instructional practice rather than learning outcomes alone. This study employed a qualitative case study in a public senior high school in Makassar, Indonesia, involving two English teachers as participants. Data were collected through 16 classroom observations and in-depth semi-structured interviews and were analyzed using Miles, Huberman, and Saldaña’s interactive qualitative data analysis model. The findings show that differentiated learning was enacted most visibly through process differentiation and psychologically supportive learning environments, while content differentiation was mainly realized through simplification and scaffolding, and product differentiation remained limited and occasional. The study also found that teachers faced persistent challenges related to students’ perceptions of fairness, time fragmentation, workload, and technical or resource constraints. These findings suggest that differentiated learning for EFL speaking is pedagogically promising, but its sustainable implementation requires teacher readiness, institutional support, and school-level conditions that enable flexible and equitable instruction.
Psychometric Analysis of Try-Out Test Items on English Phrase Structure Bunau, Eusabinus; Rahmani, Eka Fajar
Lingua Cultura Vol. 20 No. 2 (2026): Lingua Cultura (In Press)
Publisher : Bina Nusantara University

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Abstract

This study was based on the fact that understanding phrase structure is fundamental to developing syntactic competence in EFL learners. It aims to evaluate the psychometric quality of a lecturer-based phrase structure test using Classical Test Theory (CTT). The test consisted of 20 multiple-choice items covering eight aspects of phrase structure and was administered to 25 students enrolled in a phrase structure course selected through cluster-purposive sampling. The analysis focused on item difficulty, discrimination index, validity, and reliability. The findings indicate that 60% of the items were straightforward (p ≥ 0.70), while 40% exhibited low discrimination indices (d < 0.20), thereby compromising their ability to distinguish between high- and low-performing students. Moreover, the test's reliability score is generally acceptable (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.79).  These results suggest that although the test demonstrates internal consistency, several items require revision to improve their validity and diagnostic power. The findings imply that classroom-based syntax assessments must be systematically evaluated to ensure that the test items effectively differentiate students’ levels of understanding and accurately measure syntactic competence. While the results also suggest that deductive instruction on phrase structure supports student learning, the effectiveness of such instruction should be interpreted cautiously in light of the quality of the assessment instrument.
Beyond the Language: A Mother’s Narration of a Child’s Speech Delay Tagtag, Jasmine Raine; Mabalot, Mariane Joy; Genova, Lhuke Draven; Pelila, John Rey
Lingua Cultura Vol. 20 No. 2 (2026): Lingua Cultura (In Press)
Publisher : Bina Nusantara University

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Abstract

While previous studies have highlighted the benefits and challenges of bilingualism, limited research has explored how parents perceive the different factors that may contribute to a child’s speech delay in multilingual environments. Little is known about how parental beliefs and home language practices shape speech development when a language becomes dominantly spoken. This study examined a parent’s lived experience to understand how language choices, daily interactions, and beliefs influence the speech development of a multilingual child with a diagnosed speech delay. Specifically, it explored how parental language practices affect speech development and how English dominance interacts with other home languages. A qualitative design using narrative inquiry was employed, focusing on a mother’s account of her son, Samuel. Data were collected through a semi-structured interview and triangulated with records from a therapy center and a welfare office in X City. Thematic analysis, guided by an interpretive and story-based approach, identified patterns in parental practices and the child’s developmental outcomes. Findings showed that Samuel’s speech improved through early diagnosis, structured therapy, and consistent parental involvement. English became dominant due to early exposure, providing a stable medium of communication. However, the delay was not caused by English dominance itself, but by limited parent–child interaction, excessive screen time, and inconsistent multilingual input. Meaningful engagement, guided language practice, and balanced exposure to all languages supported progress. Although focused on a single participant, the study offers insights for parents, therapists, and educators supporting children with speech delays in multilingual contexts.
Contestation Of Gender Ideology In Contemporary Japanese Women’s Fiction: A Critical Discourse Analysis El Risman, Yunita
Lingua Cultura Vol. 20 No. 2 (2026): Lingua Cultura (In Press)
Publisher : Bina Nusantara University

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Abstract

This article examines the contestation of gender ideology in contemporary Japanese women’s fiction through the framework of Critical Discourse Analysis. Literature is approached as a discursive practice that not only reflects social realities but also actively produces and normalizes ideological meanings related to gender. Using Fairclough’s three dimensional model of discourse, this qualitative study analyzes how gender ideology operates at the textual, discursive, and social levels in three novels written by Japanese women authors: Hebi ni Piasu by Kanehara Hitomi, Chichi to Ran by Kawakami Mieko, and Konbini Ningen by Murata Sayaka. These novels were selected for their critical engagement with dominant gender norms in contemporary Japanese society. The analysis focuses on discourses of the female body, reproductive roles, work, normality, and power relations as constructed through narrative strategies, descriptive language, and character positioning. The findings reveal that gender ideology in these texts is not presented through explicit moral discourse or overt resistance, but is normalized through seemingly neutral narrative styles, repetitive everyday language, and the absence of evaluative judgment. Such discursive strategies function to naturalize gendered discipline across intimate, domestic, and institutional spheres. This study contributes to Japanese literary and gender studies by demonstrating that gender ideology in contemporary women’s fiction operates primarily through discursive normalization rather than thematic confrontation. By foregrounding the role of narrative language in sustaining and contesting gender norms, the article highlights literary texts as critical spaces for examining the subtle workings of ideological power in everyday life.
Racialized Hate Speech in YouTube Comments on The Little Mermaid (2023): A Critical Discourse Analysis Sugaryamah, Deuis; Ardiansyah, Erlan Aditya; Alifa, Idzni Absharina
Lingua Cultura Vol. 20 No. 2 (2026): Lingua Cultura (In Press)
Publisher : Bina Nusantara University

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Abstract

This study examined the manifestation and linguistic construction of racialized hate speech in YouTube comments responding to Disney’s 2023 live-action adaptation of The Little Mermaid. The casting of a Black actress as Ariel generated polarized reactions, making the trailer comment section a productive site for examining digital hostility as a discursive practice. Using qualitative content analysis informed by Mondal’s (2017) typology of hate speech and critical discourse analysis drawing on Van Dijk’s (2006) socio-cognitive approach, the study analyzed selected comments drawn from a larger corpus of approximately 78,000 comments containing discriminatory indicators. The findings reveal three primary manifestations of racialized hostility: race-based, behavior-based, and physical-based expressions. However, these categories frequently overlap and interact through recurring linguistic patterns rather than appearing as isolated forms. Hostility is often articulated through modal constructions, evaluative adjectives, negation, and semantic prosody that position racial representation as a deviation from an imagined cultural norm. Rather than relying on explicit slurs, many comments employ coded and indirect forms of antagonism that allow speakers to express exclusionary attitudes while maintaining plausible deniability. The study demonstrates how racialized hate speech operates as discursive resistance to perceived transformation of cultural norms in participatory media environments. By foregrounding the linguistic mechanisms underlying online hostility, this research contributes to applied linguistics and digital discourse studies by revealing how YouTube's algorithmically mediated environment amplifies subtle racialized hostility, while offering a framework for anti-racism education, digital literacy initiatives, and platform content moderation.
Negotiating Mandar Cultural Identity in Instagram Business Usernames: A Socio-Onomastic Analysis in West Sulawesi Damayanti, Dhila; Moehkardi, Rio
Lingua Cultura Vol. 20 No. 2 (2026): Lingua Cultura (In Press)
Publisher : Bina Nusantara University

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Abstract

This study investigates how local linguistic resources are strategically mobilized in Instagram business usernames used by entrepreneurs in West Sulawesi within a socio-onomastic framework. Based on a qualitative morphological analysis of 60 usernames from Mandar-oriented digital communities, the findings show a clear dominance of hybrid structures, accounting for 57 cases. Only three usernames represent single-structure forms, consisting of one simplex form, one compounding, and one derived form. The hybrid structures frequently combine Mandar lexical bases with Bahasa Indonesia and English commercial descriptors, creating linguistically mixed forms that reflect both cultural identity and market focus. These patterns show that username formation goes beyond simple identification, operating as a strategic branding tool through which local linguistic elements generate symbolic and commercial meaning. The dominance of hybrid structures reflects a deliberate balance between Mandar identity markers and globally recognizable commercial terms. This pattern shows hybridization as a consistent naming strategy shaped by branding goals, audience focus, and platform features such as usernames uniqueness and search visibility. Situated between commercial onomastics and digital language practice, this study contributes to discussions on minority language visibility in digital commercial spaces, showing how Mandar linguistic resources remain active and adaptable in today’s multilingual business environments. This case from Eastern Indonesia highlights how regional languages actively participate in shaping digital commercial identities.

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