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INDONESIA
IJOG : Indonesian Journal on Geoscience
Published by Geological Agency of Indonesia
ISSN : 23559314     EISSN : 23559306     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science,
Earth & Planetary Sciences
The spirit to improve the journal to be more credible is increasing, and in 2012 it invited earth scientists in East and Southeast Asia as well as some western countries to join the journal for the editor positions in the Indonesia Journal of Geology. This is also to realize our present goal to internationalize the journal, The Indonesian Journal on Geoscience, which is open for papers of geology, geophysics, geochemistry, geodetics, geography, and soil science. This new born journal is expected to be published three times a year. As an international publication, of course it must all be written in an international language, in this case English. This adds difficulties to the effort to obtain good papers in English to publish although the credit points that an author will get are much higher.
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Articles 10 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 12 No. 1 (2025)" : 10 Documents clear
Hydrogeochemical Assessment of Asunle Waste Dumpsite, Obafemi Awolowo University Campus, Southwestern Nigeria Konwea, Charles Ikechukwu; Erusiafe, Opeyemi O.
Indonesian Journal on Geoscience Vol. 12 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Geological Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17014/ijog.12.1.1-12

Abstract

The soil and surface water around the Asunle dumpsite, Obafemi Awolowo University Campus, Ile-Ife, Osun State, southwestern Nigeria, were assessed in this study with a view to determining the contaminant level of heavy metals in the soils and surface water. Geophysical investigation revealed that the area was underlain by four subsurface layers of topsoil, weathered layer, partially weathered or fractured layer, and fresh basement. Sampling and analysis of the topsoil and weathered layer revealed that the hydraulic conductivity of the soils was classified as medium, decreases with depth, and the materials are semipervious. The hydraulic conductivity of the soil influences heavy metal transport. Hence, there is a marked variation in the concentrations of heavy metals around the dumpsite, with most concentrations above the maximum permissible limits recommended. Heavy metals and faecal microbial organisms have contaminated the subsoil and surface water around the Asunle dumpsite. The contamination levels ranged from low to very high. The study concluded that the soils around the Asunle dumpsite are contaminated by heavy metals, which have deteriorated the chemical and microbial qualities of the Asunle stream.
Seismic Expression of Subsurface Structures in Potwar Plateau, Pakistan: A Multi-attribute Analysis Approach Khan, Muhammad Younis; Awais, Muhammad
Indonesian Journal on Geoscience Vol. 12 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Geological Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17014/ijog.12.1.13-24

Abstract

The Potwar Plateau in Himalayan fold-and-thrust belt is a major hydrocarbon producing region of Pakistan. The Eocene carbonates are predominantly known reservoirs in the plateau which are segmented due to faulting. This article main goal is to delineate faults and fractures by testing capabilities of three types of seismically derived attributes (geometrical, instantaneous, and wavelet). Potential of attributes was also exemplified by comparing results from seismic data sets of two fields with proven hydrocarbon potential in Potwar Plateau. Since fault and fracture information derived from a single seismic attribute is not accurate, a multi-attribute approach was adopted to discuss and to compare results of integrated attribute analysis technique for subsurface structural mapping of fault zones and throw distribution. Attribute anomalies on dip variance, trace and wavelet envelope maps identified as possible fault locations, were then analyzed on additional attribute (spectral decomposition) maps. Results indicate that some attributes could suppress surrounding noises and could visualize identified faults. The application of spectral decomposition shows more convincible results than other individual attributes. The added values of proposed methodology of multi-attribute analysis are validated through applications, including mapping qualitative aspects of throw along major thrusts, tracking horizontal strata on either side of deformed zones, faults detection offsetting reflectors at various scales, and delineating main subsurface geometry of pop-up structure. After subsurface mapping and digital extraction of fault information, current work highlight importance of implementation of these automated methods in seismic interpretation to aid in reservoir modelling techniques, especially in foreland areas with complex fault system (s), e.g. Potwar Plateau in Pakistani Himalaya.
Hyperparameter Tuning on Machine Learning-Based Landslide Susceptibility Mapping (Case study: Palu City and Its Surrounding areas) Sukristiyanti, Sukristiyanti; Pamela, Pamela; Putra, Moch Hilmi Zaenal; Arifianti, Yukni; Rozie, Andri Fachrur; Lestiana, Hilda; Susantoro, Tri Muji; Sumaryono, Sumaryono; Kristiawan, Yohandi; Putra, Iqbal Eras
Indonesian Journal on Geoscience Vol. 12 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Geological Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17014/ijog.12.1.43-53

Abstract

Landslide susceptibility mapping (LSM) produces a zonation map of landslide susceptibility levels, representing the future probability of landslides. It is necessary to give a guideline regarding spatial planning. A machine learning method was used, namely a random forest (RF) algorithm to map landslide susceptibility in Python. The case study is Palu City and its surrounding areas, which were attacked by a big earthquake on September 28th, 2018. Some earlier LSM studies did not discuss hyperparameter tuning, and several others did not mention the training accuracy. Therefore, this study is to find out whether the fast model without hyperparameter tuning and frequently overfitting, can well produce landslide susceptibility maps. The research questions were addressed by comparing two landslide susceptibility maps built with and without hyperparameter tuning using receiver operating characteristics (ROC) and landslide density (LD) analyses. This study shows that the area under the curve (AUC) of the landslide susceptibility map from the fast RF model without hyperparameter tuning is as high as the AUC from the tuned model map. It also happened in both landslide density (LD) maps, and there is no anomaly in the fast model map. Nevertheless, there are strange appearances in the fast model map. Therefore, hyperparameter tuning to obtain the optimal model with no overfitting is mandatory to predict landslide susceptibility spatially.
Land Management for Reducing Bank Erosion: Using AHP Method and GIS Technique: A Case Study in Dibru River Basin, Assam India Sonowal, Gulap; Thakuriah, Gitika
Indonesian Journal on Geoscience Vol. 12 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Geological Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17014/ijog.12.1.25-41

Abstract

The site suitability for land management in reducing bank erosion is an important step towards sustainable development by adopting conservative measures. Land is considered to be very crucial for maintaining an ecosystem which is helpful to sustaining all forms of life. The increasing bank erosion day to day has been one of the common issues in Assam. The present study aim is to identify the sensitive areas of the bank erosion within the Dibru River Basin. Multicriterion calculation was carried out using geographic information system (GIS) technique to help the choice makers in identifying the fit sites of bank erosion. Different parameters which were considered for multicriterion evaluation, ie. landuse-landcover, geomorphology, soil capability, soil texture, slope, and river distances were taken for identifying the vulnerable zones of bank erosion. Analytical hierarchy process (AHP) was used to find the sensitive areas of the bank erosion for land management by weighted sum of different parameters. The suitability site map was classified into low, moderate, and high erosion zone. This map would help implement some preventive measures to mitigate the bank erosion within the Dibru River Basin.
Ambient Noise Tomography Around The Banda Arc Study Case: Before Earthquake of February 2nd, 2022 Raharjo, Wiji; Palupi, Indriati Retno; Madona, Madona
Indonesian Journal on Geoscience Vol. 12 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Geological Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17014/ijog.12.1.55-63

Abstract

Banda Arc is one of the vulnerable areas in Indonesia. It is trapped by the slab coming from AustralianEurasian Plate with the S ̶ N direction and the slab coming from Pacific Plate with the E ̶ W direction. Because of its location, it has a high seismicity, for example there was an earthquake that raised a big tsunami in 1852. On February 2nd, 2022, the newest earthquake with magnitude of 6.2 hit the Banda Arc. In many cases, earthquakes are damaging disasters, because their surface waves are shocking through anything they pass. Nowadays the surface wave is used to get the subsurface description and the variation of its velocity, and ambient noise tomography (ANT) is one way to solve it. By using some analyses like cross correlation and fast fourier transform (FFT) from the earthquake waveform three days before February 2nd, 2022, the depth and velocity group around the Banda Arc can be known. There is an indication that it was influenced by the ocean wave, which became wider and close to the main shock. Besides that, ANT result shows that the low velocity anomaly was distributed around the deepest area of the Banda Arc, because the energy absorbed more there, besides in the near location of hypocenter and resulting low velocity anomaly. It is shown that the low velocity anomaly can show how the geological condition is.
Utilization of 222Radon and Stable Isotope for Investigating Potential Tailing Storage Leaks: A Case Study from Azurite Gold Mine, Central Kalimantan Siti Rofikoh; Iskandar, Irwan
Indonesian Journal on Geoscience Vol. 12 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Geological Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17014/ijog.12.1.65-74

Abstract

Azurite Gold Mine is an open pit project in Central Kalimantan which has produced mine tailings from the mining activities. There are various types of tailing storage facility (TSF) methods, e.g. dam tailing, landfill, and backfill to ex-mine void. Azurite Gold Mine stores their tailings in an inactive mine pit, named In-pit Seroja. The tailing placement into the inactive mine pit has less environmental impact compared to dam tailing as long as potential leakage of water-tailing into groundwater can be managed properly. The research objective is to investigate the potential tailing storage leaks into groundwater, and to determine contribution of waste dump at the northern part of In-pit tailing placement. 222Rn measurements and stable isotope analyses were performed for this work. Dissolved 222Rn from water samples has the concentration value between 1070 and 4940 Bq.m-3 indicating the existence of permeable zone around the In-Pit Seroja inactive mine pit. The high 222Rn concentration value is coexisting with the presence of faults, especially some intersection faults. Hydrogeochemical data shows that most groundwater is included to bicarbonate type except one groundwater sample near the waste dump is the sulphate type. Based on an isotopic analysis, the ratio of δ2H ranges from -132.55 to -6.268 ‰ for rainwater samples, -66.621 to -58.09 ‰ for groundwater samples, -97.092 to -48.43 ‰ for surface water samples, and -66.834 to -45.889 ‰ for water-tailing samples. The isotopic ratio δ18O ranges from -17.795 to -2.526 ‰ for rainwater samples, -10.164 to -8.93 ‰ for groundwater samples, -13.912 to -7.714 ‰ for surface water samples, and -9.352 to -2.864 ‰ for water-tailing samples. Water-tailing has different typical stable isotope composition compared to groundwater and surface water. Heavier δ18O and δ2H ratio indicates that water-tailing has already heated by intense evaporation process. Based on hydrogeochemical and stable isotope result, combined with groundwater flow analyses, it can be concluded that there is no leakage from water-tailing into groundwater and surface water around the area.
Shotwavemod: An Open Package For Acoustic 2D/3D Seismic Wavefield and Shot Acquisition Modeling Using the Pseudo Spectral Element and Finite Difference Methods Abdullah, Agus; Pranowo, Waskito; Ahmad Zaky, Dicky
Indonesian Journal on Geoscience Vol. 12 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Geological Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17014/ijog.12.1.75-87

Abstract

Shotwavemod is an open package for 2D/3D acoustic seismic wave simulation, using the Pseudo Spectral Element and Finite Difference Method. It can also be used for forward modeling of seismic reflection acquisition. The shotwavemod offers straightforward execution of the simulation process, yet customizable parameters. The algorithm was optimized using vectorization and parallel computation to speed up the computational time. The simulation results of the Pseudo Spectral Element Method was compared to the Finite Difference Method. It is observed that the Finite Difference Method resulted in ringing artifacts as a numerical dispersion, particularly for higher frequencies. Nevertheless, with higher computational cost, the Pseudo Spectral Element Method effectively handles this numerical dispersion issue. The shotwavemod was tested for a complex velocity model of the Marmousi. The results are quite promising, where shot gathers of seismic reflections are successfully established corresponding to the complex structure of the Marmousi. The shotwavemod is accessible to the public, and is a suitable tool for educational and research purposes involving seismic wave simulation.
Coastal Abrasion Vulnerability of the Southern Seluma Regency, Bengkulu, Based on Seismic Properties and Parameters Elasticity Natasya, Indah Dwi; Refrizon, Refrizon; Hadi, Arif Ismul; Fadli, Darmawan Ikhlas; Larang, Miranda Puspa; Putri, Elona Gita Gatra; Maghribi, Faritz Bagda; Sumanjaya, Erlan
Indonesian Journal on Geoscience Vol. 12 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Geological Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17014/ijog.12.1.133-144

Abstract

Geophysical investigations were conducted in the coastal area of Seluma Regency using Multi-Channel Analysis of Surface Waves (MASW) to determine subsurface geology, material stiffness, and potential weak zones to a depth of approximately 30 m. This study aims to identify and map the susceptible areas to abrasion in Seluma Regency coastal region and to analyze the causal factors associated with parameters elasticity of subsurface rocks. Data acquisition, processing, and inversion have been parameterized and selected to produce shear wave velocities representing actual subsurface conditions using Win-MASW 5.0 Professional software. The shear wave velocity analysis shows that the coastal area of Seluma Regency has the potential for high and moderate ground deformation which is vulnerable to abrasion. The area with high deformation potential is the Air Periukan Sub-Regency, Seluma Regency, Indonesia.
The Weighted Values of the Factor's Classes Based on Different Approaches for Potential Zones of the Groundwater Mapping Using Remote Sensing Data and GIS Technique in the Taiz Region, Yemen Abdullah, Anwar; Abdul Aziz, Ahmed; Isnain, Zulherry
Indonesian Journal on Geoscience Vol. 12 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Geological Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17014/ijog.12.1.105-131

Abstract

Remote sensing and geographical information system (GIS) have become one of the leading tools in the field of groundwater, which help in assessing, monitoring, and mapping groundwater resources, especially in semi-arid areas. The objective of this paper is to assess and to map groundwater potential zone in Taiz Governorate by the overlaying technique of the geospatial factors. The available twelve factors were prepared in this work from different data sources using several processes. The soil and landuse factors were prepared from Landsat-7 with the colour enhancement technique and supervised classification. The lineament, automatic drainage, slope, elevation steepness (topography) and aspect were derived from DEM, rock units, geological faults, and contact created from previous geological map. Geophysical subsurface faults were also prepared from previous magnetic faults. The rainfall data was generated from the previous annual rainfall reading. All these maps were prepared and classified to be suitable for weighted values and GIS overlying model. The manual, scaling, and matrix weighted values were assigned to the factor (raster) maps to produce three groundwater potential zone maps. These maps were classified into five classes as very low, low moderate, high, and very high potential zones. Three groundwater potential maps produced in this work were compared together and evaluated using matching technique with previous prospecting groundwater map. The percentages of the matching were 58.56 % for the potential map of the matrix analysis, 27.95 % for the potential map of the scaling equation, and 13.49 % for the potential map of the manual weighted values. This evaluation shows that the potential map of matrix weighted values scored the highest of matching, and it is the best potential map compared with the other two maps. The new finding in this work was more than six new places in the best groundwater potential map of the area noted as new groundwater potential areas. The locations of these areas were NE corner, S-SW, W, NW corner, N, and some places in the central parts of the studied area. Hence, the resultant map may contribute to optimize the choice of location of future drilling, and to increase the chances to take water from new wells which will satisfy the increasing water demand of local population. Moreover, the groundwater potential zone map was assessed for the first time using these techniques in the area, and all maps of the factors created in this research are new maps that may represent the new database of the area.
Micron to Nano Au Particles Incorporation in Different Stages of Pyrite, in Bau, Sarawak, Malaysia Sundarrajan, Vijay Anand; Marjon, Carolin Nicole; Musta, Baba
Indonesian Journal on Geoscience Vol. 12 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Geological Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17014/ijog.12.1.89-103

Abstract

In eastern Malaysia, Bau is the significant sediment hosted gold deposit (SHG), and Sarawak Province was the main gold (Au) producer in East Malaysia. The annual production rate was approximately 40 ̶ 50 metric tons of Au (high grade). The Bau mining is located 40 km SW of Kuching City, Sarawak. For the present study, around twenty-five samples were collected in the Au mineralized zones of Bau areas. The polished thin sections were prepared for mineral chemistry and fluid petrography analyses. The samples were studied through transmission microscope, Electron Probe Micro-Analyzer (EPMA), and fluid inclusion studies. From ore petrography, four stages of pyrite were classified. The first generation of pyrite is the early stage of diagenetic pyrite (Py1), Py2 is subeuhedral pyrite, Py3 is zoned pyrite, and Py4 is post-diagenetic pyrite. The mineral chemistry of different stages of pyrite was measured through EPMA. However, it is worth noting that the concentrations of these trace elements in pyrite have decreased pre-diagenetic and post diagenetic stages. The precipitation of Au in the main stages of pyrite was mainly controlled by pyrite structure, fluid ligands, and the temperature of crystallization.

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