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INDONESIA
Jurnal AgroBiogen
Published by Kementerian Pertanian
ISSN : 19071094     EISSN : 25491547     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Jurnal AgroBiogen memuat artikel primer dan sekunder hasil penelitian bioteknologi dan sumberdaya genetik tanaman, serangga, dan mikroba pertanian. Jurnal ini diterbitkan tiga kali setahun pada bulan April, Agustus dan Oktober oleh Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 252 Documents
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Induksi Kalus dan Optimasi Regenerasi Empat Varietas Padi melalui Kultur In Vitro Purnamaningsih, Ragapadmi
Jurnal AgroBiogen Vol 2, No 2 (2006): Oktober
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumber Daya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jbio.v2n2.2006.p74-80

Abstract

A study was conducted at the Tissue Culture Laboratory of ICABIOGRAD, Bogor, to obtain an optimum medium formulation for calli regenerations of for rice varities (Ciherang, Cisadane, IR64, and T-309). The research activities were done in five steps, i.e., callus induction, callus regeneration, shoot multiplication, root formation, and plant acclimatization. The type of explants used in the study was embriozygotic explants. Five media formulations were used for the callus induction, while four media formulations were used for the callus regeneration. The results showed that the best medium formulation for induction of callus formation was MS + 2,4-D 2 mg/l + casein hidrolisat 3 mg/l, while the best medium formulation for callus regeneration was MS + BA 3 mg/l + thidiazuron 0,1 mg/l.
Efikasi Gen RB pada Tanaman Kentang Transgenik Katahdin SP904 dan SP951 terhadap Empat Isolat Phytophthora infestans dari Jawa Barat Ambarwati, Alberta Dinar; Sumaraw, S M; Purwito, Agus; Herman, Muhammad; Suryaningsih, E.; Aswidinnoor, Hajrial
Jurnal AgroBiogen Vol 7, No 1 (2011): April
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumber Daya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jbio.v7n1.2011.p28-36

Abstract

Efficacy of RB gene in transgenic potato Katahdin SP904and SP951 to West Java isolates of Phytophthorainfestans. A. Dinar Ambarwati, S.M. Sumaraw, AgusPurwito, M. Herman, E. Suryaningsih, and HajrialAswidinnoor. Potato late blight, caused by Phytophthorainfestans is one of the most devastating plant disease. Potatoyield losses due to this disease ranged from 47-100%. Amajor late blight resistance gene, called RB, previously wasidentified in the wild potato species Solanumbulbocastanum. RB gene has been integrated into cultivatedpotato Katahdin using Agrobacterium-mediated transformation,and showed durable and broad spectrum resistanceeither in laboratory assay or in confined field trial. Evaluationof transgenic Katahdin SP904 and SP951 was conducted toverify whether the RB gene with broad spectrum to allknown races of P. infestans in the United States and inToluca, Mexico was also effective against P. infestansisolates in Indonesia. Efficacy of RB gene was evaluated forfoliar and tuber resistance to West Java isolates. TransgenicKatahdin were more resistant in foliar than non transgenicplants, at 14 days after inoculation. Diseases intensity oftransgenic Katahdin SP904 and SP951 were 19.8-43.8%,whereas non transgenic Katahdin, Granola, and Atlanticwere 46.9-100%. In contrast to the foliar resistancephenotype, RB-containing tubers in transgenic Katahdin didnot exhibit increased resistance to Lembang, Pangalenganand Galunggung isolates. Tubers of transgenic KatahdinSP904, SP951, and non transgenic Katahdin showed lesionvolume of 0.93, 0.91, and 0.91 cm3, respectively. RB gene intransgenic Katahdin showed efficacy against late blight P.infestans in foliar, but did not showed efficacy in tuber.Transgenic Katahdin RB thus providing a potential source ofresistance for breeding programs.
Development of GAL4/VP16 Facilitated-enhancer Trap System for Rice Crop Improvement Kurniati, Sri; Kilian, Andrzej
Jurnal AgroBiogen Vol 5, No 1 (2009): April
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumber Daya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jbio.v5n1.2009.p16-24

Abstract

Pengembangan Sistem Perangkap Enhancer yang Difasilitasioleh Aktivator Transkripsi GAL4/VP16 untuk PerbaikanTanaman Padi. Sri Koerniati dan Andrzej Kilian.Peningkatan produksi padi untuk memenuhi kebutuhannasional dilakukan melalui perbaikan tanaman, termasukpencarian dan isolasi gen-gen baru melalui mutasi. Aplikasiberbagai sekuen mutagen, elemen loncat atau T-DNA, didukungdengan teknik PCR merupakan perdekatan yang lebihbaik dibandingkan dengan metode klasik. Perangkap enhanceradalah sistem yang dikembangkan untuk mengatasimasalah rendahnya tingkat perolehan mutan, akibat banyakgen berfungsi sama atau satu gen berfungsi pada beberapatingkat perkembangan tanaman. Sistem ini mampu menampilkanekspresi pada jaringan tertentu (spatial) dan ataupada waktu tertentu (temporal) pada tanaman hemizigot(hemizygous plants). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) mengembangkanvector cassette perangkap enhancer dengankomponen utama aktivator transkripsi GAL4/VP16 dan duagen reporter (gus dan gusPlus), dan (2) memperoleh informasitentang ekspresinya pada padi. Sepuluh vector diperolehdan ditransformasikan ke kalus padi Nipponbare danMillin dengan Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Kajian vektormelalui ekspresi gen reporter diamati pada kalus 3 harisetelah co-cultivation dan jaringan vegetatif dari 745 linipenangkap enhancer. Sembilan puluh lima persen nomormemiliki ekspresi dan persentase lebih tinggi daripada yangtelah dilaporkan sebelumnya. Lini dengan vektor GAL4/VP16delesi tidak memiliki ekspresi pada kalus dan jaringan vegetatif,walaupun hasil Southern Blot menunjukkan tanamanini memiliki dua T-DNA. Tiga puluh dua persen lini gusPlusmemiliki ekspresi yang kuat, sedangkan 30% berekspresilemah dibandingkan dengan masing-masing 12% dan 47%untuk lini gus. Lini gusPlus juga tersebar pada lebih banyakpola ekspresi. Jumlah insersi pada lini perangkap enhancerberkisar antara 1-7 T-DNA dan 49% di antaranya memilikisatu T-DNA. gusPlus merupakan gen reporter yang lebihsensitif daripada gus dan GAL4/VP16 terbukti berfungsi.
Induksi Kalus serta Regenerasi Tunas dan Akar Cabai melalui Kultur In Vitro Manzila, Ifa; Hidayat, Sri H; Mariska, Ika; Sujiprihati, Sriani
Jurnal AgroBiogen Vol 6, No 2 (2010): Oktober
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumber Daya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jbio.v6n2.2010.p65-74

Abstract

Callus Induction and Regeneration of Shoot and Root ofChill through In Vitro Culture. Ifa Manzila, Sri H.Hidayat, Ika Mariska, and Sriani Sujiprihati. In vitroculture is one way for a fast and effective plant propagation.This method is also useful for preliminary selection of plantresistance to disease, including the chili. In vitro propagationmethod for chili has not been widely reported. A study wasconducted to obtain effective techniques for callus inductionand regeneration into shoots on three red chili cultivars (cv)Gelora, Sudra, and Chili 109. The study consisted of fouractivities, namely the induction of callus formation,induction of embryogenic callus, callus regeneration intoadventitious shoots, and root induction from the adventitiousshoots. Murashige Skoog (MS) medium + 0.6% agar + 3%sucrose were used as basal medium, 20 ml/bottle. Youngleaves, hypocotyls and root tips of 21-day-old chili seedlingswere used as sources of explants. Each experiment wasarranged in a completely randomized design with 10replications, one culture bottle for each treatment. Thecallus induction experiments using the explants of youngleaf explants, hypocotyl, and root tips were done separately.Each treatment consisted of explants from the three chilicultivars on MS medium containing three composition ofgrowth regulators (PGR) BAP + NAA, 10 explants/bottle. Theembryogenic callus induction was conducted by growingthe callus in bottles containing a medium that contains threecompositions PGR 2,4-D + thidiazuron 0.5 mg/l. Induction ofshoot formation was done by growing the embryogeniccallus on medium containing three composition of plantgrowth regulator BAP + NAA. Induction of root formationwas performed by growing adventitious shoots on ½ MS and1 MS medium + NAA 0.5 to 1.0 mg/l. The results showed thatyoung leaves are the best explant source for callus andshoot formations in chili through tissue culture comparedwith the hypocotyl and the tip. Gelora is the most responsivechili cultivar to callus, shoots, and roots formation of in theirrespective medium, compared to Sudra and Chile 109. MSmedium containing BAP 3-7 mg/ml and NAA 1 mg/ml can beused to induce the growth of callus from young leafexplants, hypocotyl and seedling root tip chili cv Gelora,Sudra, and Chile 109, but its growth was very slow and didnot produce embryogenic callus. Embryogenic callusformation can be induced by both non-embryogenic callusHak Cipta © 2010, BB-Biogengrowing the callus on MS medium containing 2,4-D 3 mg/l +thidiazuron 0.5 mg/ l. Formation of callus that can regenerateinto shoots should use an MS medium containing 2,4-D 3mg/l + thidiazuron 0.5 mg/ l followed by subculture on MSmedium + BAP 3 mg/l + thidiazuron 0.5 mg/l to induceshoot elongation. Medium ½ MS and 1 MS containing NAA0.5-1.0 mg/l can be used to induce root formations on shootculture of chili cv Gelora but not for cv Chili 109.
Interaksi Genetik x Lingkungan dan Variabilitas Genetik Galur Gandum Introduksi (Triticum aestivum L.) di Agroekosistem Tropika Nur, Amin; Azrai, Muh.; Trikoesoemaningtyas, Trikoesoemaningtyas
Jurnal AgroBiogen Vol 10, No 3 (2014): Desember
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumber Daya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jbio.v10n3.2014.p93-100

Abstract

Thefocus of wheat research in Indonesia is to obtained newpotential wheat lines that are adapted to low-mid elevationand heat tolerant. This study was aimed to obtaininformation on the effect of interaction of season x line xlocation and genetic variability of wheat lines in tropicalagroecosystem. This study was conducted at the Seameo-Biotrop (<400 masl) and Indonesian Ornamental CropsResearch Institute-Cipanas (>1,000 masl) experimental fieldfor two seasons. The results showed that there was an effectof interaction of season x line x location on plant height,days to flowering, number of spikelet and floret, seed/headweight, rate of grain filling, yield, flag leaf width, stomatadensity, chlorophyll b, and leaf greenness. Meanwhileseveral characters were only influenced by the interaction ofline x location, they were yield component characters, ie.empty floret percentage, number of seed/ head, 1,000 seedweight, number of head/m2 and seed/plant weight. Sevencharacters were not influenced by interaction of neitherseason x line x environment nor line x location, they werenumber of productive tillers, head length, number ofseed/head, chlorophyll a, ratio of chlorophyll a/b, totalchlorophyll, and leaf thickness. The characters that havehigh heritability and wide genetic variability for the twoanalysis models were the number of spikelet.
Regenerasi Jeruk Siam melalui Embriogenesis Somatik Ali Husni; Agus Purwito; Ika Mariska; Sudarsono Sudarsono
Jurnal AgroBiogen Vol 6, No 2 (2010): Oktober
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumber Daya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jbio.v6n2.2010.p75-83

Abstract

The Regenerated of Siam Tangerin through SomaticEmbryogenesis. Ali Husni, Agus Purwito, Ika Mariska,and Sudarsono. Somatic embryogenesis occurs in mostplants that are cultured on a suitable medium in vitro.Somatic embryo may arise from single cells and the embryogeniccells are widely applicable in plant propagation,genetic manipulation and transgenic technologies. Thepresent study was carried out to develop an effectivesomatic embryogenesis technique to regenerate Siamtangerine plants. Materials used in this study were nucellartissues of young fruits (30-90 days post anthesis). Inductionof embryogenic calli was done by culturing the tissues onthree different basal media (MS, MW and MT). Embryomaturation was done on the MW medium + ABA (0; 0.1; 0.3;dan 0.5 mg/l), while germination to plantlet developmentwas done on WS medium + GA3 (0, 0.1, 0.3, and 0.5 mg/l).The results showed that among the three media, MW wasthe best medium for callus induction from nucellar tissueswith a success rates 98% for Simadu and 100% forPontianak. The best maturation of embryo somatic wasdone on MW medium + ABA 0.5 mg/l with success rates99%, while the best medium for germination and developmentinto planlets was MW medium + 0.5 mg/l GA3 with asuccess rate 58%.
Deteksi dan Respons Lima Varietas Pepaya terhadap Tiga Isolat Papaya Ringspot Virus (PRSV) Tutik Harmiyati; Sri H. Hidayat; Abdul M. Adnan
Jurnal AgroBiogen Vol 11, No 3 (2015): Desember
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumber Daya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jbio.v11n3.2015.p87-94

Abstract

Papaya (Carica papaya L.) is one of favorite fruits for Indonesian people and known as a good vitamin source. Recently, a ringspot disease was reported in some growing areas and it potentially caused yield loss. The disease is caused by Papayaringspot virus (PRSV) and considered as a new disease in Indonesia. Therefore, preliminary research was done to study theresponse of some varieties of papaya against PRSV infection. Field isolates of PRSV were collected from Medan, Aceh, andBogor. Identification of the isolates was done based on the nucleotide sequence analysis of coat protein gene. Response ofpapaya varieties was evaluated based on the results of mechanical inoculation. Identification results showed that thenucleotide sequences of PRSV isolates Medan, Aceh, and Bogor, have a high similarity to that from other countries, i.e.Thailand, Australia, China, Japan, Vietnam, and Taiwan (93.0–98.3%). Disease incidence reached 100% for all isolates of PRSVon all test varieties, although based on the DIBA’s result, it was known that the virus titer in plants are different. No varieties ofpapaya showed resistant to PRSV.
Combination of Somaclonal Variation and Mutagenesis for Crop Improvement Lestari, Endang G.
Jurnal AgroBiogen Vol 8, No 1 (2012): April
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumber Daya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jbio.v8n1.2012.p38-44

Abstract

Mutation-basedplant improvement, which changes one or a few specifictraits of a cultivar, can contribute to crop improvement.Tissue culture increases the efficiency of mutagenictreatment to induce variations. In vitro culture incombination with induced mutation can speed up thebreeding program by generating variability, followed byselection and multiplication of the desired genotypes. Inmany vegetative propagated crops, mutation induction incombination with in vitro culture techniques can be themost effective method for plant improvement. In seedpropagated species, the application of mutation coupledwith doubled haploid systems seems to be highly promisingin crop improvement. This approach speeds up the breedingprogram through generation of variability followed byselection of homozygousity and rapid multiplication ofdesired genotypes.
Regenerasi Empat Genotipe Gandum (Triticum aestivum L.) Pasca Transformasi Melalui Agrobacterium tumefaciens Apriana, Aniversari; Sisharmini, Atmitri; Fitriyani, Fitriyani; Sustiprijatno, Sustiprijatno
Jurnal AgroBiogen Vol 10, No 1 (2014): April
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumber Daya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jbio.v10n1.2014.p18-25

Abstract

Genetic transformation ofwheat mediated by Agrobacterium tumefaciens has notbeen established yet. This research aimed to obtain themost responsive wheat genotype to be transformed, toselect the most effective combination of growth regulator forregenerating transforman calli, and to determine thetransformation efficiency. Transformation mediated by A.tumefaciens was performed on four genotypes of wheat,namely Combi, Fasan, Perdix, and Naxos-Wew.Transformed calli with green spots in selection media weretransferred to regeneration media containing 25 mg/lhygromycin, i.e. R1H25 and R2H25. The obtained plantletswere analyzed by PCR using specific primers for hygromycinphosphotransferase gene. The results showed that Fasanwas the most responsive genotype in callus formation(95.47%) and regeneration both in R1H25 (27%) and R2H25(28.6%) media. Fourteen plantlets were succesfullyacclimatized and PCR analysis showed that there were fourpositive transformants containing the hpt gene. The resultsare expected to provide information on the development oftransgenic wheat in Indonesia, specifically in the success ofcallus formation and regeneration of wheat aftertransformation using A. tumefaciens.
Pengujian Nomor-nomor Harapan Padi Tahan Al dan pH Rendah Hasil Seleksi In Vitro dengan Kultur Hara Ragapadmi Purnamaningsih; Ika Mariska
Jurnal AgroBiogen Vol 4, No 1 (2008): April
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumber Daya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jbio.v4n1.2008.p18-23

Abstract

Rice productivity in acid soil is very low because of low pH,low availability of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Mo, toxicity of Al and Mn.Development of Al tolerant varieties could increase riceproductivity in acid soil. Somaclonal variation and in vitroselection method can be used to develop new Al tolerancevarieties. A rapid screening method is needed to select alarge number of new genotypes or new inbred lines in plantbreeding, such as solution culture methods to evalu-ate Altolerantrice. This methods was used to know the responseto Al in the seedling stage, root development, and pHchanging. In this experiment solution culture method wasused to evaluate the new genotypes derived from somaclonalvariation and in vitro selection methods. These newgenotypes have been tested the tolerance characteristic byusing AlCl36H2O at 6 concentrations (0, 100, 200, 300, 400,and 500 ppm). Yoshida solution with two Al concentrationwere used to tested these genotypes. Measurement of Altolerance was based on root development by using RelativeRoot Length (RRL), the relativity of root length at 45 ppm and0 ppm. Almost all of the genotypes have RRLs higher than0.7, which means that there was a positive correlationbetween the in vitro method and solution culture method. Inthis experiment pH changes were not applicable to measurethe tolerance of the rice genotypes to Al and low pH.

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