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INDONESIA
Jurnal AgroBiogen
Published by Kementerian Pertanian
ISSN : 19071094     EISSN : 25491547     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Jurnal AgroBiogen memuat artikel primer dan sekunder hasil penelitian bioteknologi dan sumberdaya genetik tanaman, serangga, dan mikroba pertanian. Jurnal ini diterbitkan tiga kali setahun pada bulan April, Agustus dan Oktober oleh Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 252 Documents
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Kultur Antera untuk Percepatan Perakitan Varietas Padi di Indonesia Iswari S Dewi; Bambang S. Purwoko
Jurnal AgroBiogen Vol 8, No 2 (2012): Agustus
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumber Daya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jbio.v8n2.2012.p78-88

Abstract

Rice is a staplefood crop in Indonesia, while the need is increasing due tohigh rice consumption as well as population increase. Theproblems can be solved through increase of national riceproduction. Productivity of lowland and upland should beincreased intensively and other potential dry area outsideJava and Bali Islands should be considered for extending thearea of production. Recently, high yielding variety such assemi dwarf variety, hybrid rice, and new plant type of ricewere being developed by Indonesian breeders. However,new method is needed to complement conventionalbreeding method in order to accelerate rice breeding.Anther culture is one of in vitro culture techniques that canbe used to accelerate the obtainment of pure lines throughdoubled-haploids (DHs) regenerated at first generation ofculture for less than one year. Thus, application of antherculture in conventional breeding will increase the efficiencyof selection process as well as reducing the cost for labour,land and breeder’s time. The obtainment of green plantletsderived from anther culture of indica rice subspecies hasbeen improved by the addition of 1 mM putrescine intoinduction and regeneration media. Recently, several uplandrice lines tolerant to abiotic stresses (i.e. low light intensityand aluminum toxicity) and biotic stresses (i.e. leaf andneck blast), several lowland rice/paddy lines tolerant tobiotic stresses (i.e. bacterial leaf blight and blast), andseveral hybrid parental lines (i.e. male sterile, maintainerand restorer) were obtained in 2-3 years from several ricebreeding program involving anther culture. However,potential use anther culture to provide unique geneticmaterial for mapping populations for use in functionalgenomics and molecular breeding has not been explored.The results indicated that anther culture is a feasibletechnology that can be used for accelerating rice breedingprogram in Indonesia.
Spektrum Ketahanan Galur Haploid Ganda Turunan IR64 dan Oryza rufipogon yang mengandung QTL Ketahanan terhadap Penyakit Blas (Pir) Dwinita Wikan Utami; Alberta Dinar Ambarwati; Aniversari Apriana; Atmitri Sisharmini; Ida Hanarida; Didier Tharreau; Santosa Santosa
Jurnal AgroBiogen Vol 3, No 1 (2007): April
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumber Daya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jbio.v3n1.2007.p1-8

Abstract

Resistance Spectrum of Double Haploid Lines Derivedfrom IR64 and Wild Rice Species, Oryza rufipogonContained the Blast Resistance QTL (Pir). Dwinita W.Utami, A. Dinar Ambarwati, Aniversari Apriana, AtmitriSisharmini, Ida Hanarida, Didier Tharreau, and Santosa.This study was initiated to determine the spectrum resistanceof the candidate durable blast resistance variety containedthe QTL (quantitative trait locus), Pir1 and 2. This QTLwas mapped on chromosome 2 detected using the advancedbackcross population (BC5) from the wild rice speciesOryza rufipogon to IR64. Pir (1 and 2) also establishedon double haploid (DH) population derived from the selectedlines of BC2F3 population, progenies from the sameparents. The DH lines were developed to speed up the fixationprocess of the recessive alleles in the selected lines.Near isogenic lines with different blast resistance genes andcombination were used in this study comparing to the DHpopulation on their resistance spectrum using the knownavr gene isolates both on green house and field screening.The determination of the resistance spectrum will useful onthe prediction of durability of blast resistance gene in DHpopulation. The results of spectrum resistance test in greenhouse and field showed that Pir1and Pir2 segregated on 1 : 1proportion related with specific respond to blast avr genePH14 and CM28 resistance. Pir1 was identic to Pi33 or Pi25and Pir2 to Pitq5 on spectrum resistance.
Konstitusi Genetik dan Karakter Fenotipik Galur-galur Padi Pup1 Turunan Varietas Situ Bagendit Suwaji Handaru Wardoyo; Miftahudin Miftahudin; Sugiono Moeljopawiro; Joko Prasetiyono
Jurnal AgroBiogen Vol 10, No 2 (2014): Agustus
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumber Daya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jbio.v10n2.2014.p61-68

Abstract

Acidity, phosphorus deficiency, and droughtstress are major problems in Indonesia’s Ultisol rice farming.Development of rice lines tolerant to those stresses isexpected to be able to reduce the consumption of Pfertilizer. The objectives of the research were to evaluategenetic constitutive of rice lines (BC2F6 population) derivedfrom Situ Bagendit x Kasalath and Situ Bagendit x NIL-C433crossings, and to evaluate responses of those lines toYoshida nutrient solution under P deficiency and Al stresscondition. The research was conducted at Molecular BiologyLaboratory and Greenhouse of ICABIOGRAD, fromNovember 2011 to May 2013. The result of foregroundanalysis showed that Pup1 locus has been integrated intothe genome of BC2F6 rice lines, eventhough some lines (SK5,SK6, SK7, SK8, SK9, SK10, SK19, and SK20) showedincomplete integration. Background analysis indicated thatmajority (95.7%) of the Situ Bagendit background has beenrecovered in BC2F6 rice lines. Al stress evaluation showed SNlines were more tolerant to P deficiency and Al stress thanthat of SK lines. Pup1 locus showed good expression underlow P and no Al stress. Based on genome proportion andYoshida nutrient solution experiments, a total of three lines,namely SK13, SN2, and SN9, have potential goodcharacteristics. Molecular analysis within a marker-assistedbackcrossing (MAB) experiment should be carried out ateach generation of lines for gaining fully gene segment inadvanced generations.
Karakterisasi Kemiripan Genetik Koleksi Inbrida Jagung Berdasarkan Marka Mikrosatelit Marcia Bunga Pabendon; M. Dahlan; Sutrisno Sutrisno; M. L.C. George
Jurnal AgroBiogen Vol 2, No 2 (2006): Oktober
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumber Daya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jbio.v2n2.2006.p45-51

Abstract

Information on genetic relationships among available crop germplasm such as maize inbred lines, has important implications to breeding programs. A set of 26 maize inbreds togeher with six standard lines from CIMMYT (CML51, CML292, CML202, CML206, CML236, dan CML396), was characterized using 26 SSR markers, which were coverage of the maize genomes. The objective of this study was to analyze genetic diversities among the Indonesian maize inbred collections. Polymorphism Information Content (PIC) value and the observed genetic distance indicated the existence of large variabilities among the inbreds. Cluster analysis based on 27% of the Jaccard’s similarity coefficient placed the inbreds into three groups. Genetic distances among all the possible pairs without the standard maize lines varied from 0.32 (KSX360F2-5-1-3-1v vs KSX2601F2-5-1-1-v) to 0.88 (PT963298-1-B-B-Bv vs Mr13). Cluster and Principal Coordinate Analysis of the genetic distances, revealed a clear differentiation of the inbred lines into groups according to their source populations. This clustering were consistent with those of the known pedigree records of the inbreds based on their morphological characters. These results support the use of morphological traits in the production of maize hybrids. The SSR markers proved to be effective to characterize, identify, and demonstrate genetic similarities among the maize inbred lines.
Transformasi Gen Antisens ACC Oksidase pada Pepaya dengan Teknik Penembakan Partikel Diani Damayanti; Sudarsono Sudarsono; Ika Mariska; Muhamad Herman
Jurnal AgroBiogen Vol 5, No 1 (2009): April
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumber Daya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jbio.v5n1.2009.p32-38

Abstract

Papaya (Carica papaya L.) is a climacteric fruit that exhibit avery fast ripening rate. Ethylene controls the ripening eventin the papaya fruit. 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carbocxylic acid(ACC) oxidase gene encodes a specific enzyme for ethylenebiosynthesis. The gene had become a target for manipulationto make a gene construct of an antisense ACC oxidaseto regenerate transgenic papaya that has a characteristic ofdelayed ripening. The objective of the experiment is to engineer transgenic papaya that has a delayed ripening characteristic by transforming papaya with the antisense ACC oxidase gene through particle bombardment technique. The immature embryos of papaya variety Burungwere used for the explants. Antisense ACC oxidase and reporter (gus) genes were co-transformed to papaya calli. Four hundreds eighteen calli were bombarded by the antisense ACC oxidase gene. The transformation experiment resulted 25 putatives transgenic plants out of fifty plantsacclimatized in a greenhouse. Gus gene expression assay observed at 9 days after bombardment showed that the papaya explants bombarded twice at 9 cm shoot distance had 53.3% transformation rate of gus positive and 5.25 blue spots number in average. The results of PCR analysis showed that four out of 25 transgenic putative papaya plants (TR6, TR9, TR20, dan TR24), indicated a positive PCR of the antisense ACC oxidase gene with the amplified fragment DNA size of 800 base pair.
Teknik PCR Kualitatif untuk Deteksi Produk Rekayasa Genetika Jagung Event BT11 dan GA21 Bahagiawati Bahagiawati; Reflinur Reflinur; Tri J. Santoso
Jurnal AgroBiogen Vol 11, No 2 (2015): Agustus
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumber Daya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jbio.v11n2.2015.p65-72

Abstract

In some countries, including Indonesia, labelling of GMO products is mandatory for giving consumers the right to choosebetween GMOs and conventional products. Therefore, development of methodology that can detect a specific geneticallymodified (GM) crops and to verify the absence or presence of GM material in a product including raw materials (e.g. grains)and/or their derivatives is needed. The objectives of this study were to find the most efficient screening methods to detectwhether or not a product is GM material and to develop a specific detection method to identify GM product BT11 and GA21. Inaddition, present study was also aimed to obtain a duplex detection method for both GM products. Two GM-maize, including theBT11 and GA21 lines of maize (Zea mays L.), and one plant, namely NK11 as the nontransgenic control, were used as plantgenetic materials in the event-specific detection of maize. The target gene from each sample was amplified in different reaction(simplex) using both the event specific primer and the endogenous maize reference, Zein, as internal control. Furthermore, induplex PCR, two targets were simultaneously amplified in the same reaction. The results showed that detection method of theGM product obtained from present study enabled us to screen the GM products and specifically the event of BT11 and GA21using simplex and duplex methods. The duplex method is more efficient because it can detect two GM crops in one timecompared to simplex method that only can detect GM crop one by one.
Sidik Jari DNA 88 Plasma Nutfah Ubi Jalar di Indonesia Berdasarkan Delapan Penanda SSR Nurul Hidayatun; Chaerani Chaerani; Dwinita Wikan Utami
Jurnal AgroBiogen Vol 7, No 2 (2011): Oktober
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumber Daya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jbio.v7n2.2011.p119-127

Abstract

DNA Fingerprinting of Indonesian 88 Sweet PotatoGermplasm Based on Eight SSR Markers. NurulHidayatun, Chaerani, and Dwinita W. Utami. Indonesiapossesses a great number of sweet potato varieties.Understanding the diversity and distribution of this geneticresource is essential for its management and future use. Theobjective of this study was to elaborate the molecularcharacter as DNA finger print of Indonesian sweet potatogermplasm. Eight fluorescent labeled SSR primers wereused to amplify DNA of 88 sweet potato accessionsconsisting of improved varieties and landraces collectedfrom 7 islands in Indonesia. The amplified products weredetected using capillary electrophoresis method in CEQGenetic Analysis System machine. A total of 135 allelesranging from 8 to 36 alleles per locus with an average of 17alleles were generated. Each accession had a uniquemicrosatellite finger print marked by specific combination of11 to 22 alleles in 8 SSR loci. Dendrogram generated byUPGMA based on simple matching coefficients produced 4nonspecific groups at 80% similarity. The groups revealedthe possibilities that the accessions were distributed fromsimilar genetic resources.
Hubungan Kekerabatan Jamur Pelapuk Putih Pleurotus spp. dengan Analisis Isoenzim Achmad Achmad; Elis N. Herliyana; Ficky R. Agustian
Jurnal AgroBiogen Vol 5, No 2 (2009): Oktober
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumber Daya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jbio.v5n2.2009.p78-83

Abstract

Pleurotus spp. is anedible mushroom commonly found on stem of wide leaftrees or other wooden plants in the forest. A number ofPleurotus species are found in Indonesia, and some of themhave been cultivated. An accurate technique is needed toidentify the species of Pleurotus correctly; one of the methodis the isoenzyme technique. Apart from its simplicity, cheapnessand quickness, this method also gives accurate informationon phylogenetic relationship among the Pleurotusspp. The technique was used to determine phylogeneticrelationship in 6 isolates of Pleurotus spp., i.e., Pleurotussp.8, Pleurotus sp.6, Pleurotus sp.1, Pleurotus sp.7, andPleurotus sp.9, using the GOT System. Results of the analysisindicated that all the Pleurotus isolates tested produced twobands with similar thickness, except for Pleurotus sp.1 thatproduced one band that move to the cathode (-). Anotherisolate of Pleurotus spp. produced bands tend to move to theanode (+). The genetic distances between Pleurotus sp.8was similar to that of Pleurotus sp.9, while that of Pleurotussp.6 was similar to Pleurotus sp.7. Genetic distances ofPleurotus sp.8 or Pleurotus sp.9 was similar to Pleurotus sp.6or Pleurotus sp.7, with the longest distance on Pleurotussp.1. Pleurotus sp.1 showed a different migration distance,where one of the isoenzym band tend to move to thecathode (-). This indicated that Pleurotus sp.1 has differentphylogenetic relationship with the other Pleurotus spp.
ULASAN Kajian Filogenetika Molekuler dan Peranannya dalam Menyediakan Informasi Dasar untuk Meningkatkan Kualitas Sumber Genetik Anggrek Topik Hidayat; Adi Pancoro
Jurnal AgroBiogen Vol 4, No 1 (2008): April
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumber Daya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jbio.v4n1.2008.p35-40

Abstract

Early informationresulted from molecular phylogenetic studies of many importantornamental crops is often less attention to manygrowers and farmers. Phylogenetics is one of the most preferablemethod in systematics to reconstruct evolutionaryrelationships of groups of biological organisms in order tounderstand their biodiversities. This has been revolutionizedby DNA sequences data. In this method, a group of organismsthat shares many identical characteristics are consideredto be closely related; deriving from a commonancestor and is assumed to have similar genetic patternsand biochemical properties. By these basic principles,molecular phylogenetics plays important roles in revealing abasic knowledge on pattern of relationships to whichgenetic resources can be improved. Over the past decade,botanists have done several thousand phylogenetic analysesbased on molecular data of economically and horticulturallyimportant crops. Orchids are the best example for this.There is no doubt that most orchid plants had played roles inhorticulture and hybridization. At present, many infragenericand intergeneric hybrids are available commercially. Successfulhybridization can be achieved if two or more individualplants understudy are closely related in respect to theirgenetics and evolution.
Transformasi Genetik Kedelai dengan Gen Proteinase Inhibitor II Menggunakan Teknik Penembakan Partikel Saptowo J. Pardal; G. A. Wattimena; Hajrial Aswidinnoor; M. Herman
Jurnal AgroBiogen Vol 1, No 2 (2005): Oktober
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumber Daya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jbio.v1n2.2005.p53-61

Abstract

An experiment was conducted at the Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering Laboratory of BB-Biogen, Bogor with an objective to obtain transgenic soybean plants containing the proteinase inhibitor II (pinII) gene. The experiment consisted of three steps, i.e., optimalization of the soybean transformation technique using the gus gene; transformation of soybean using the pinII gene, and molecular analysis of the transformed soybean plants. Two type of explants (young embryo and cotyledon) were bombarded with pRQ6 plasmid containing the gus gene with the following treatment: Helium gas pressure (1100 psi and 1300 psi), shoot distance (5 and 7 cm), and number of bombardment (1x and 2x). The result of gus assay indicated that the best bombardment was done on young cotyledon explants with 1100 psi Helium pressure, shoot distance 5 cm, and 1x bombardment. Transformation of the soybean explant using the pinII gene (inside the pTWa plasmid) was conducted using the best bombardment treatment from the first activity. Two plants from c.v. Wilis (WP1, WP2) and three plants from c.v. Tidar (TP1, TP2, TP3) were recovered from regeneration and selection of the transformed explants. Molecular analysis of the regenerated plants using the PCR technique showed that only WP2 contained the pinII gene. This plant was fertile and will be used for further evaluation.

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