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Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri
Published by Kementerian Pertanian
ISSN : 08538212     EISSN : 25286870     DOI : -
Core Subject : Engineering,
Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri merupakan publikasi ilmiah primer yang memuat hasil penelitian primer komoditas perkebunan yang belum dimuat pada media apapun, diterbitkan oleh Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan, DIPA 2011 terbit empat kali setahun.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 552 Documents
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TANGGAP TIGA VARIETAS LADA PERDU TERHADAP PUPUK ORGANIK YANG NURYANI; PASRIL WAHID
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 4, No 5 (1999): Januari, 1999
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/littri.v4n5.1999.135-139

Abstract

Response of three bushy black pepper vaieties to organic fetilizerResponse of three bushy black pepper varieties to organic fertilizer was studied in Sukamulya Research Insulation, rom February 1992 to August 1995. The plant materials used wee pepper cuttings deived rom generative branches. The field tial with factorial treatments was designed in a random¬ ized block with three replicates and 9 plants per plot The varieties tested were : a) Lampung Daun Lebar (LDL), b) Merapin, and c) Kuching. The organic fertilizer used wee : (a) Control, (b) 800 g OST (organic soil treatment) per plant per year and (c) 20 kg cattle manure per plant per year. The esults indicated that Kuching it the best in terms of the number and length of pimary branches, canopy area, number ofberries per spike, and spike length. Fertilizer ■tauuuuts as well as its interaction with varieties had no significant efect on yield at the first harvest. Catle manure had significant effect on to spiked and dried berries it die second harvest However, based on toul production of dried teed*, var. LDL and Kuching gave a significantly higher yield compared with Merapin.
RESPON DAUN UNGU (Graptophyllumpictum L.) TERHADAP CEKAMAN AIR IRENG DARWATI; ROSITA S.M. D.; . HERNANI
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 8, No 3 (2002): September, 2002
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v8n3.2002.73-76

Abstract

Daun ungu atau handeuleum (Graptophyllum pictum I.) merupakan salah satu tanaman penghasil bahan baku obat Daunnya dapal digunakan untuk mengobati wasir, batu empedu. dan penyakit hati Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mcmpelajari pengaruh cekaman air terhadap produksi dan mutu daun handeuleum. Percobaan pot (polybag) dilakukan di rumah plastik Balai Penelitian lanaman Rempah dan Obat. Bogor mulai bulan September 1997 sampai dengan Februari 1998. Percobaan disusun dalam rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) dengan 6 ulangan. Perlakuan tcrdiri atas 4 taraf cekaman air, yaitu : 1) 40% kapasitas lapang (KL), 2) 60% KL, 3) 80% KL dan 4) 100% KL. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa luas daun, jumlah cabang, bera( kering akar, berat kering ba(ang dan berat kering daun pada 60% KL dan 80% KL paling tinggi dibandingkan dengan perlakuan lainnya Untuk mutu daun yang dihasilkan, dari semua perlakuan memenuhi persyaratan yang dilctapkan dalam Malcria Medika Indonesia.Kata kunci : Graptophyllum pictum L. cekaman air, produksi, mutu ABSTRACT Effect of water stress on Graptophyllum pictum L.Graptophyllum pictum is one of the raw materials lor medicinal The leaf can be used for hemorrhoids, bladder and liver, The objectives of the experiment was to study the efect of drought stress on production and quality of leaves. Pot experiment was carried oul in green house of Research Institute for Spice and Medicinal Crops (RISMC). Bogor in September 1997 to February 1998. A randomized block design was used with six replicates. The treatments consisted of 4 levels of ield capacities 40%, 60%, 80% and 100%. The result of experiment showed mat leaf area, number of branches, root dry weight, branches dry weight and leaf dry weight on 60% and 80% of ield capacity were the highest compared with odier treatments. The quality of all treatments arc fulfilled in requirement of Indonesia Materia Mcdica.Key words : Graptophyllum pictum L, water stress, production, quality
POTENSI DAMPAK EKONOMI PENERAPAN TEKNOLOGI PEMUPUKAN DAN POLIKULTUR LADA DI KABUPATEN PURBALINGGA, PROVINSI JAWA TENGAH / Potential Economic Impact of Pepper Fertilization and Multiple Cropping Technology Application in Purbalingga Regency, Central Java I Ketut Ardana; M. Syakir; Elna Karmawati; Siswanto Siswanto
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 23, No 2 (2017): Desember, 2017
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/littri.v23n2.2017.112-122

Abstract

Purbalingga regency since five years has been the center of pepper production in Java Island. This study was conducted from May to September 2017 to analyze the financial performance of pepper farming and its economic impact on the development area. Data and information analysis is done qualitatively and quantitatively. Qualitative analysis uses cross tabulation, then interpreted descryptionally, while quantitative analysis includes: (1) RAVC and MBCR for assessing financial performance; and (2) ΔRAVC and ROI for projected potential economic impacts. The results showed that application of fertilizer technology with <50% recommended dosage only increased RAVC IDR 1.7 million/ha/year with MBCR = 1.53. RAVC contribution of mixed crops reached IDR 12.5 million/ha/year with MBCR = 3.79. The application of fertilization and multiple cropping technology encourages greater pepper productivity increase than BEP productivity and pepper prices in year 2017 is also greater than BEP price, so the application of fertilization technology provides postive benefits for the financial performance of pepper farming. The potential economic impact of pepper technology application reached IDR 1 billion/year up to IDR 3.6 billion/year with ROI = 11.37% to 81.37% may still be enhanced by: (1) encouraging the application of fertilization technology, and (2) encouraging farmers to adopt the fertilization technology and multiple cropping correctly, given that pepper productivity is still far below genetic potential. Therefore, efforts are needed to accelerate adoption of innovation.Keywords: white pepper, technology, financial performance, economic impact AbstrakKabupaten Purbalingga sejak lima tahun terkahir telah menjadi sentra produksi lada di Pulau Jawa. Teknologi budidaya yang dilakukan para petani masih beragam sehingga mempengaruhi terhadap kinerja keuangan serta dampak ekonominya. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Mei sampai dengan September 2017 untuk menganalisis kinerja finansial usahatani lada serta potensi dampak ekonomi penerapan teknologi pemupukan dan polikultur. Analisis data dan informasi dilakukan secara kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Analisis kualitatif menggunakan tabulasi silang, kemudian diinterpretasi secara deskriptif, sedangkan analisis kuantitatif meliputi: (1) RAVC dan MBCR untuk menilai kinerja finansial, dan (2) ΔRAVC dan ROI untuk proyeksi dampak ekonomi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan teknologi pemupukan dengan <50% dosis anjuran hanya meningkatkan RAVC Rp1,7 juta/ha/th dengan MBCR=1,53. Kontribusi RAVC tanaman campuran mencapai Rp 12,5 juta/ha/th dengan MBCR=3,79. Penerapan teknologi pemupukan dan polikultur mendorong peningkatan produktivitas lada lebih besar dari pada BEP produktivitas dan harga lada pada tahun tahun 2017 juga lebih besar dari pada BEP harga, sehingga penerapan teknologi pemupukan dan polikultur memberikan manfaat posistif bagi kinerja finansial usahatani lada. Potensi dampak ekonomi penerapan teknologi pemupukan dan polikultur lada mencapai Rp 1 miliar/th sampai dengan Rp 3,6 miliar/th dengan ROI= 11,37% sampai dengan 81,37% masih mungkin ditingkatkan dengan pendekatan: (1) mendorong peningkatan areal penerapan teknologi pemupukan, dan (2) mendorong petani menerapkan teknologi pemupukan dan polikultur secara benar, mengingat capaian produktivitas lada masih jauh di bawah potensi genetis. Untuk itu diperlukan upaya untuk mempercepat adopsi inovasi secara berkesinambungan. Kata kunci: lada putih, teknologi, kinerja finansial, dampak ekonomi
PENGENDALIAN HAMA TERPADU Helopeltis antonii PADA TANAMAN JAMHU MENTE ELNA KARMAWATI; TRI HARYANI SAVITRI; WARSI RACHMAT; TRI EKO WAHYONO
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 7, No 1 (2001): Maret, 2001
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v7n1.2001.1-5

Abstract

Integrated Pesl Control Research of // antonii on cashew was studied out in Wonogiri, Central Java from May lo December 2000. Ihe objective of the study was lo obtain Ihe efective eonlrol method Spill plot design was used. Ihe main plots were intercropping system of cashew with (a) niunghcan and (b) mixed of cassava, peanut and maize, The subplots were treatments of (a) benomyl without B bassiana. (b) R bassiana without benomyl, and (c) eonlrol The concentation of benomyl used were 2 g per liter, while for II. bassiana 11) g per liter containing I. I x 10* conidias. Treatments were applied on Ihe beginning of October 2000, and observations were done twice in one month. The area needed for all plots were 24 000 m1 (4 replications). Hie asscsments consisted of (a) number of //. antonii eggs, nymphs and its natural enemies, (b) number of flowers and shoots attacked, and (c) cashew nut per tree. The result showed thai there was interaction between the Iwo factor tested. Mix-cropping with R bassiana reduced //. antonii population on cashew and increased productivity from 3.85 kg lo 5.33 kg per tree. These treatments were therefore recommended for controlling the pest.
PENELITIAN PERUBAHAN WARNA DAN ETILEN SELAMA PEMERAMAN DAUN TEMBAKAU KULTIVAR MADURA SERTA PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP MUTU TEMBAKAU RAJANGAN JOKO PURDIYANTO
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 7, No 3 (2001): September, 2001
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v7n3.2001.93-97

Abstract

Colour alternation and et/tylene changes during ripening tobacco leaves cultivar Madura and its effect to the quality of slice Madura tobaccoThe colour change and elhylene production in the leaves of Madura tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) during ripening was studied at "Labora¬ torium Biokimia Pusat Antar Universitas Pangan dan Gizi Universitas Gadjahmada Yogyakata" and "Laboratorium Inti dan Atom Jurusan I'isika, FMIPA Universitas Gadjahmada Yogyakata". The change of colour was measured with Chrommameter CR-200. while the production of ethylcne, ACC (1-aminocyclopropanc-l-carboxylic acid) and MACC (malonyl-ACC) were measured with Photoaccuslic Spectroscopy, from the sample of 100 kg tobacco leaves cv. Jepon grown from April to September 1995 in Plakpak, Pcgantenan, Pamekasan, East Java. The experiment was designed as a completely randomized design in three replicates. The leaves samples were taken randomly from the mature middle leaves Results showed that endogenous ethylcne production al the irst day al a level of 169 ppb. was able to initiate ripening. Conversion percentage of ACC to ethylcne for 8 days ripening increased from 7.7 up lo 61.4 %. F tests least signiicantly different (1%). showed that yellow intensity signiicantly increased on the second day. This indicated thai ripening process was stated on the second day. On the other hand green intensity significantly decreased at the ifth day, thus no chlorophyl degradation. Brightness was signiicantly observed on Ihe third day of ripening, meaning that ripening stated on the third day. Based on the three criteria, the best ripening period was from the third lo the ilth day. This implies that the farmers will have three day periods of ripening which can be arranged to overcome the shotage of man power for slicing the leaves.
PENGEMBANGAN TANAMAN JARAK PAGAR (Jatropha curcas L) MENDUKUNG KAWASAN MANDIRI ENERGI DI NUSA PENIDA, BALI ARDHANA, I KETUT; PRAMUDYA, BAMBANG; HASANAH, MAHARANI; TAMBUNAN, ARMANSYAH H.
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 14, No 4 (2008): Desember 2008
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v14n4.2008.155-161

Abstract

ABSTRAKDalam upaya memenuhi kebutuhan listrik di daerah terpencil danpulau-pulau kecil, pemerintah meluncurkan kebijakan pengembangan desamandiri energi. Di Nusa Penida, salah satu kawasan di Bali yang terdiriatas 3 pulau kecil, program mandiri energi dirancang dalam bentuk desawisata energi yang diwujudkan dengan pengembangan tanaman jarakpagar (Jatropha curcas L) sebagai penghasil bahan bakar nabati (BBN)untuk subtitusi bahan bakar pembangkit listrik tenaga diesel (PLTD).Analisis kebijakan pengembangan tanaman jarak pagar mendukungkawasan mandiri energi Nusa Penida dilakukan pada bulan Oktober 2007-April 2008. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) mengkaji kesesuaian lahandan iklim Nusa Penida untuk pengembangan tanaman jarak, dan (2)melakukan analisis kelayakan finansial usahatani jarak pagar. Kesesuaianlahan dan iklim dianalisis secara deskriptif, sedangkan kelayakan finansialdianalisis berdasarkan kriteria investasi : NPV, B/C, dan IRR. Hasilpenelitian menunjukkan bahwa berdasarkan karakteristik iklim, wilayahNusa Penida termasuk ke dalam kriteria sesuai (S2) untuk pengembangantanaman jarak pagar. Unsur iklim yang menjadi pembatas adalahketersediaan air terutama pada bulan-bulan Agustus, September, danOktober yang merupakan puncak musim kemarau, sehingga waktu panenhanya berlangsung pada bulan Maret-Juli. Peran minyak jarak pagarmensubstitusi solar sebagai bahan bakar PLTD selain ditentukan olehwaktu panen, juga tergantung kepada harga biji jarak pagar yang dapatmemberikan insentif bagi petani untuk mengembangkan tanaman tersebut.Usahatani jarak pagar layak dikembangkan pada tingkat harga minimumRp 2.000/kg biji di tingkat petani.Kata kunci : Jatropha curcas L., kesesuaian lahan dan iklim, kelayakanfinansialABSTRACTPhysic Nut Jatropha curcas Development to SupportLocal Self-sufficient Energy in Nusa Penida, BaliTo fulfill the electricity requirement in remote areas and smallislands, Indonesian government runs the self-sufficient energy villageprogram. In Nusa Penida, an area that consists of three islands in BaliProvince, the program is run by developing Energy Tourism Area (ETA).In this program, physic nut (Jatropha curcas L.) was planted in the ETAand the seeds will be used for bio-diesel to substitute diesel powerelectricity generator fuel. A policy analysis of developing Jatropha curcasplantation in the ETA has been done in the period of October 2007 to April2008. The objectives of this research are : (1) to analyze the land andclimate suitability for planting physic nut, and (2) to analyze financialfeasibility of physic nut farming. The land and climate suitability analyzedby descriptive method. Financial feasibility analyzed by investmentcriteria : NPV, B/C ratio, and IRR. The result shows that the land andclimate in Nusa Penida is suitable (S2) for planting physic nut. The crucialelement of the climate is the availability of the water during dry season inAugust, September and October. The harvest season is in March to July.The role of physic nut as a source for bio-diesel is influenced by theharvest time and the price of physic nut seeds. A good price will lead thefarmer to maintain and develop their jatropha plantation.Key words : Jatropha curcas L., land and climate suitability, financialfeasibility
RESPON RAMI TERHADAP DOSIS DAN APLIKASI PUPUK MIKRO DAN DOLOMIT DI LAHAN GAMBUT KALIMANTAN TENGAH ADJI SASTROSUPADI; BUDI SANTOSO
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 9, No 4 (2003): Desember 2003
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v9n4.2003.121-128

Abstract

Penelitian dilaksanakan di rumah kaca Instalasi Penelitian Tanaman Tembakau dan Serat, Karangploso, Malang pada bulan September 1998 sampai dengan Agustus 1999. Tujuan dai penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh dosis pupuk dai unsur hara mikro, dolomit dan waktu pembeian terhadap petumbuhan dan hasil serat rami pada tanah gambut Berengbengkel Kalimantan Tengah. Perlakuan disusun secara faklorial dalam ancangan acak lengkap dengan tiga ulangan. Faktor I berupa paket dosis pupuk yang terdii atas lima dosis yaitu d,. 30 g dolomit per pot ; d2. 50 mg CuSO, ♦ 50 mg ZnS04 + 50 mg MnS04 + 30 g dolomit per pot ; dj. : 100 mg CuS04 + 100 mg ZnS04 + 100 mg MnS04 + 30 g dolomit per pot ; <U 50 mg CuS04 + 50 mg ZnS04 + 50 mg MnS04 + 15 g dolomit per pot; dan d, TOO mg CuS04 + 100 mg ZnSO, + 100 mg MnS04 + 15 g dolomit per pot. Faktor II berupa tiga waktu pemberian pupuk mikro yang terdii atas tiga taraf yaitu w, : dibeikan setiap habis di panen (setiap umur 60 hari sekali tanaman rami dipanen , dipotong pada pangkal batang); w2: dibeikan setiap dua kali dipanen ; dan wj: dibeikan setiap tiga kali dipanen. Klon rami yang ditanam adalah Pujon 10. Panjang stek rhizome yang ditanam 8 cm. Tanah gambut, dolomit dan pupuk kandang dicampur secara merata. Pot-pot plastik wana hitam diisi campuran media tersebut dengan takaran sebanyak 20 kg/pot. Pot-pot ini merupkan unit percobaan. Pot-pot diletakan dengan jarak 75 cm x.40 cm. Pupuk dasar (1.5 g urea + 1.0 g ZA + 1.0 g SP-36 + 1.0 g KCI)/pot/panen + 100 g pupuk kandang (kotoran kambingj'pot'tahun Pupuk kandang dan dolomit diberikan hanya sekali saja pada permulaan tanam Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hasil serat kasar (china-grass) tertinggi diperoleh dari total panenan II, III dan IV sebesar 8.62 g/pot yang dihasilkan dai perlakuan 100 mg CuS04 + 100 mg ZnS04 + 100 mg MnS04 /pot dan 30 g dolomit dengan pembeian pupuk setiap kali dipanen.Kata kunci: Lahan gambut, dolomit, rami (Boehmeria nivea) ABSTRACT Response of ramie to the dose and application of micro element and dolomite in peat soil Central KalimantanThe experiment was conducted at the glass house of Ihe Research Institute For Tobacco and Fiber Crops, Karangploso, Malang from September 1998 to August 1999. The purpose of this expeiment was to ind out the dose of micro element, dolomite and time of application of fertilizer on the growth and iber yield of ramie in peat soil of Berengbengkel, Central Kalimantan Province. The treatment was arranged factoially in a completely randomized design with three replications. The irst factor was ive kind of fetilizers d|. : 30 g dolomite per pot ; di. 50 mg CuS04 + 50 mg ZnS04 + 50 mg MnS04 * 30 g dolomite per pot; dj. : 100 mg CuSO< + 100 mg ZnSO. * 100 mg MnS04 * 30 g dolomite per pot ; <U 50 mg CuS04 + 50 mg ZnS041 50 mg MnS04 + 15 g dolomite per pot; and d5 MOO mg CuS04 ♦ 100 mg ZnS04 * 100 mg MnS04 + 1J g dolomite per pot. The second factor was time of fetilizer application Wj : every harvesting ; w2 : every two times of harvesting , and wj : every three times of harvesting. The rhizome of ramie wilh 8 cm length size was used in this experiment. Black plastic pots were illed with 20 kg peat soil. These pots were the experiment unil. The peat soil, dolomite and farm manure were mixed evenly. The pots were arranged in a space 75 cm x 40 cm Basic fetilizer was 1.5 g urea * 1.0 g ZA + 1.0 g SP-36 • 1.0 g KCI) potliarvcsling ♦ 100 g farm manure pot/year. Dolomite and farm manure were applied at earl) planting. The result showed that the highest tolal fiber yield of harvest II, III and IV 8 62 g/pot was achieved by applying 100 mg CuSO< + 100 mg ZnS04 + 100 mg MnSO*/ pot/harvesting and 30 g dolomite/pot/year.Key words : Ramie, Boehmeria nivea, peat soil, dolomite
PENGARUH AMPAS SAGU DAN KOMPOS TERHADAP PRODUKTIVITAS LADA PERDU SYAKIR, M.; BINTORO, M.H.; AGUSTA, H.
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 15, No 4 (2009): Desember 2009
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v15n4.2009.168-173

Abstract

ABSTRAKAmpas sagu berpotensi sebagai sumber bahan organik untukmeningkatkan kesuburan tanah. Pengaruh ampas sagu terhadap kesuburantanah ditentukan oleh tingkat dekomposisi dan komposisinya. Penelitianini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat dekomposisi ampas sagu terhadappertumbuhan dan produksi lada perdu. Penelitian dilaksanakan di KebunPercobaan Institut Pertanian Bogor dan Balai Penelitian Tanaman Rempahdan Obat pada bulan Mei 2003 sampai April 2004. Tanaman yangdigunakan adalah tanaman lada perdu umur 4 tahun yang ditanam dibawah tanaman karet. Percobaan menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok(RAK), dengan 3 ulangan dan 6 tan/perlakuan yang menguji perlakuankombinasi antara tingkat dekomposisi ampas sagu(W) dan komposisinyadengan kompos (A), terdiri dari : W 0 = ampas sagu dekomposisi 0 bulan,W 1 = ampas sagu dekomposisi 1 bulan, dan W 2 = ampas sagu dekomposisi2 bulan dan A 1 = 100% ampas sagu, A 2 = 75% ampas sagu + 25% kompos,A 3 = 50% ampas sagu + 50% kompos dan A 4 = 25% ampas sagu + 75%kompos. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan mulsa ampassagu 100 % dalam bentuk segar dekomposisi 1 bulan ternyata menghambatpertambahan jumlah cabang tersier lada perdu hingga akhir penelitian.Dibandingkan dengan kontrol terjadi perbedaan pengaruh yang nyataterhadap komponen produksi, sebagai respon terhadap kombinasiperlakuanW 2 A 2 , W 2 A 1, W 1 A 3 pada panjang tandan (9,13; 9,03; 8,70 cm),dan W 2 A 2 , W 2 A 1, W 0 A 4 pada jumlah biji/tandan (46,67; 43,00; 41,73biji/tandan), serta W 2 A 2 , W 2 A 1, W 2 A 3 pada bobot kering buahlada/tanaman (323,20; 314,90; 297,85 g/tanaman). Pemberian ampas sagu75% + 25% kompos (W 2 A 2 ) dan 100% (W 2 A 1 ) dekomposisi 2 bulanmampu meningkatkan jumlah biji 91 - 107% dan menghasilkan bobotkering buah yang tinggi sebesar 323,20 dan 314,90 g per tanaman.Kata kunci: Ampas sagu, mulsa, lada perdu, produktivitasABSTRACTUse of Sago Waste and Compost to Increase theProductivity of Bushy Black PepperAs a source of organic matter to improve soil fertility, sago wastecan also be used as an ameliorant and natural herbicide. The effect of sagoand compost on soil fertility is determined by the grade of decompositionand its compositions. An experiment was conducted at the experimentalgarden of Bogor Agricultural University Bogor and Indonesian Medicinaland Aromatic Crops Research Institute, from May 2003 to April 2004.Plant material used was bushy black pepper of the Petaling variety, 4 yearsold, planted under rubber trees. The treatments used were A 1 W 0 = 100%sago waste without decomposition; A 1 W 1 = 100% sago waste after 1month decomposition; A 1 W 2 = 100% sago waste after 2 monthsdecomposition; A 2 W 0 = 75% sago waste + 25% compost, withoutdecomposition; A 2 W 1 = 75% sago waste + 25% compost, after 1 monthdecomposition; A 2 W 2 = 75% sago waste + 25% compost, after 2 monthsdecomposition; A 3 W 0 = 50% sago waste + 50% compost, withoutdecomposition; A 3 W 1 = 50% sago waste + 50% compost, after 1 monthdecomposition; A 3 W 2 = 50% sago waste + 50% compost, after 2 monthsdecomposition; A 4 W 0 = 25% sago waste + 75% compost, withoutdecomposition; A 4 W 1 = 25% sago waste + 75% compost, after 1 monthdecomposition; A 4 W 2 = 25% sago waste + 75% compost, after 2 monthsdecomposition; TBO = without organic matter (control). The experimentwas performed with a randomized block design, with 3 replicates and 6plants/plot. The results showed, that 100% sago palm waste after 1 monthdecomposition hampered number of tertiary branch until the end ofresearch. The real difference on the productivity components as a respondof combination sago waste treatments wereW 2 A 2 , W 2 A 1, W 1 A 3 for lengthof stem (9.13; 9.03; 8.70 cm), and W 2 A 2 , W 2 A 1, W 0 A 4 for number ofberries/spike (46.67; 43.00; 41.73 kernels/spike), and W 2 A 2 , W 2 A 1, W 2 A 3for dry weight of berries/plant (323.20; 314.90; 297.85 g/plant).Extension of 75% sago palm waste+ 25% compost (W 2 A 2 ) and 100%(W 2 A 1 ) after 2 months decomposition were able to increase amount ofseed 91 - 107 % and dry weight of berries /plant which were323.20 and314.90 g per plant.Key words: Sago waste, mulch, bushy pepper black, productivity
KARAKTERISASI Erwinia chrysanthemi PENYEBAB PENYAKIT BUSUK BAKTERI PADA DAUN LIDAH BUAYA (Aloe vera) . SUPRIADI; NILDAR IBRAHIM; . TARYONO
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 8, No 2 (2002): Juni, 2002
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v8n2.2002.45-48

Abstract

Penyakit busuk (soft rot) pada daun tanaman lidah buaya (Aloe vera) disebabkan oleh F.rwima chrysanthemi pertama kali dilaporkan di Kcpulauan Kaibia tahun 1992. Pada awal tahun 2001, gejala pcnyakil busuk daun juga ditemukan pada tanaman lidah buaya di Semplak, Jawa Barat. Mengingat kerusakan yang ditimbulkan berupa pembusukan pada daun dan pangkal batang yang parah dalam waktu singkat, maka diduga penyebabnya cukup ganas dan dikhawatirkan dapat menjadi kendala pengembangan tanaman lidah buaya yang akhir-akhir ini sedang banyak diminati. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengidcntifikasi penyebab penyakit tersebut. Penelitian dilakukan di Laboratorium Bakteri Balai Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Obat, dari bulan April - Agustus 2001. Contoh daun lidah buaya sakit berasal dari kebun petani di Semplak, Bogor. Setelah melalui pengamatan gejala penyakit diikuti dengan prosedur isolasi dan pemumian patogen. maka diperoleh isolat kultur baktei yang bentuknya bulat dan pinggirnya tidak rata serta berwarna putih pada medium sukrosa pepton agar. Kultur baktei tersebut bersifat patogenik dan menimbulkan gejala penyakit sama seperti di lapangan, setelah diinokulasikan melalui pelukaan pada daun lidah buaya. Hasil karaktcrisasi morfologi, kultur dan biokimia isolat baktei tersebut menunjukkan sifat ncgatif untuk pewamaan Gram, pigmen fluorescn, oksidasc, dan produksi asam dari unsur karbon laktosa dan dulsitol. Sedangkan karaktcr positif diperoleh dai pengujian oksidasi/fermentasi, lesitinase, pembusukan jaringan umbi kentang, sensitivitas terhadap eitromisin, pertumbuhan pada suhu 37° C, NaCI 5%, serta menghasilkan asam pada medium mengandung manitol Inokulasi pada umbi ubi jalar menyebabkan pembusukan dalam waktu yang singkat. Berdasarkan data tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa penyebab penyakit busuk daun pada tanaman lidah buaya di Semplak adalah Erwinia chrysanthemi.Kata kunci: Aloe vera, busuk daun, Erwinia chrysanthemi, Bogor ABSTRACT Characteristics o/Envinia chysanthemi causing bacterial soft rot ofAloe (Aloe VeraJThe bacterial sot rot of aloe, caused by Erwinia chrysanthemi, was first identified in Caibbean Island in 1992. In early 2001, similar symptoms were found on the aloe plants grown in Semplak, Bogor, West Java. Based on its symptom and progressively spread, especially on the leaf and basal stem, it appeared that the disease was serious and therefore threatened the current development of die plants. This study was conducted in the laboratory of the Research Institute for Spice and Medicinal Crops, Bogor, in April - August 2001. The objective of the study was identifying the cause of the sot rot disease of aloe in Semplak, Bogor. Diseased leaves of aloe were obtained from Semplak. Following the examination of the symptoms, isolation and purification of he causal agent, the bacteial isolates were found. They were round, white colony characteistics on sucrose peptone agar medium. The isolate was pathogenic and caused similar disease symptoms following the artificial inoculation on the wounded aloe leaf. Based on the morphological, cultural, and biochemical analyses of the isolates, it was found that the isolates gave negative reactions for die following characteistics: Gram staining, production of fluorescent pigment, oxidase, and production of acid reaction from lactose and dulcitol. The isolates, on the other hand, gave positive reaction from: oxidation/fermentation, IcciOiinase. and maceration of potato and sweet potato, sensitive to crythromycin, growth at 37 °C, and growth on agar medium containing NaCI 2%, as well as acid production from manmtol. Based on these data, it can be concluded that the pathogen causes sot rot of leaf of aloe in Semplak is Erwinia chrysanthemi. This is the irst repot on (he finding of die disease in Indonesia. More attention is required to stop the spread of the disease.Key words: Aloe vera, sot rot. Erwinia chrysanthemi, Bogor
KEEFEKTIFAN Trichoderma sp. DAN Fusarium NON PATOGENIK DALAM MENGENDALIKAN PENYAKIT BUSUK PUCUK VANILI BERWAWASAN LINGKUNGAN / Effectiveness of Trichoderma sp. and non-pathogenic Fusarium to Environmentally Control Vanilla Shoot Rot Disease Efi Taufiq; Hasim Hasim; Bonny PW Soekarno; M. Surahman
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 23, No 1 (2017): Juni, 2017
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/littri.v23n1.2017.18-25

Abstract

Vanilla shoot rot disease (VSR) is one of important disease that potentially reduces Indonesia’s vanilla production. The VSR disease is prevalently developing in the nursery, but due to the extreme climate change, the disease occurrence in the garden has increased recently. A present study was aimed to assess the effectiveness of Trichoderma sp. and non-pathogenic Fusarium (NPF) in controlling the VSR disease in the garden. An experiment  was conducted in a vanilla garden at KP Sukamulya, Sukabumi November 2015 - July 2016.   The study consisted of five treatments that were application of Trichoderma sp. substrate (T) onto the vanilla tips, spraying the conidial suspension of FusNP (F), a combine application of Trichoderma sp. and FusNP (TF), synthetic fungicide mancozeb (M)  and the control (K). The treatments were arranged in a randomized block design, replicated five times each.  The variables measured were the incidence and severity of VSR diseases monthly, residue of synthetic fungicides and rainfall. The results showed that application of Trichoderma sp. sp. and NPF  reduced  the disease severity of VSR   3 % and 5 % respectively than the one of control. While the fungicide application was 3% lower than the control.   The VSR disease progress is affected significantly by rainfall period.  Keyword: vanilla shoot rot disease, Phytophthora capsici. Bioagent. AbstrakPenyakit busuk pucuk vanili (BPV) merupakan salah satu penyakit penting vanili yang  berpotensi mengurangi  produksi  vanili di Indonesia.  Penyakit  BPV di Indonesia umumnya merusak pembibitan, namun akibat perubahan iklim yang ekstrim, serangan penyakit BPV pada tanaman vanili dewasa di kebun mengalami peningkatan. Penelitian dilakukan untuk mengetahui keefektifan Trichoderma sp. dan Fusarium non patogenik (FusNP) dalam mengendalikan penyakit BPV di kebun vanili. Penelitian lapangan dilakukan di KP Sukamulya, Sukabumi mulai November 2015 - Juli 2016. Pengujian residu fungisida sintetik dilakukan di Laboratorium Residu Bahan Agrokimia Balai Penelitian Lingkungan Pertanian, Laladon Bogor. Penelitian terdiri atas lima perlakuan yaitu pemberian substrat Trichoderma sp. (T), penyemprotan suspensi konidia FusNP (F), kombinasi Trichoderma sp. dan FusNP (TF),  fungisida sintetik mancozeb (M) dan kontrol (K). Perlakuan disusun dalam rancangan acak kelompok (RAK), tiap perlakuan diulang sebanyak lima kali. Variabel yang diamati adalah gejala dan keparahan penyakit, curah hujan, dan residu fungisida sintetik. Data dianalisis dengan Uji Tukey pada selang kepercayaan 95%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Trichoderma sp. dan FusNP cukup efektif mengendalikan penyakit BPV di lapangan, setara dengan keefektifan fungisida sintetik yaitu kejadian penyakit berkisar 2 - 5%, sedangkan kontrol mencapai 32%. Perkembangan penyakit BPV dipengaruhi oleh curah hujan, semakin tinggi curah hujan semakin tinggi intensitas serangan penyakit BPV. Penggunaan fungisida sintetik secara intensif menyebabkan pencemaran lingkungan berupa residu pestisida pada daun, buah, dan tanah rizosfer vanili..Kata kunci: busuk pucuk vanili, Phytophthora. capsici, agens hayati. ABSTRACTVanilla shoot rot disease (VSR) is one of important disease that potentially reduces Indonesia’s vanilla production. The VSR disease is prevalently developing in the nursery, but due to the extreme climate change, the disease occurrence in the garden has increased recently. A present study was aimed to assess the effectiveness of Trichoderma sp. and non-pathogenic Fusarium (NPF) in controlling the VSR disease in the garden. An experiment  was conducted in a vanilla garden at KP Sukamulya, Sukabumi November 2015 - July 2016.   The study consisted of five treatments that were application of Trichoderma sp. substrate (T) onto the vanilla tips, spraying the conidial suspension of FusNP (F), a combine application of Trichoderma sp. and FusNP (TF), synthetic fungicide mancozeb (M)  and the control (K). The treatments were arranged in a randomized block design, replicated five times each.  The variables measured were the incidence and severity of VSR diseases monthly, residue of synthetic fungicides and rainfall. The results showed that application of Trichoderma sp. sp. and NPF  reduced  the disease severity of VSR   3 % and 5 % respectively than the one of control. While the fungicide application was 3% lower than the control.   The VSR disease progress is affected significantly by rainfall period.  Keyword: vanilla shoot rot disease, Phytophthora capsici. Bioagent.

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