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INDONESIA
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri
Published by Kementerian Pertanian
ISSN : 08538212     EISSN : 25286870     DOI : -
Core Subject : Engineering,
Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri merupakan publikasi ilmiah primer yang memuat hasil penelitian primer komoditas perkebunan yang belum dimuat pada media apapun, diterbitkan oleh Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan, DIPA 2011 terbit empat kali setahun.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 552 Documents
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ANALISIS MUTU GULA TANJUNG DARI TIGA VARIETAS TEBU / Analysis of Tanjung Sugar Quality of Three Sugarcane Varieties Garusti, Garusti; Yogi, Yoga A.; Nurindah, Nurindah
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 25, No 2 (2019): Desember, 2019
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v25n2.2019.91-99

Abstract

Tanjung sugar usually called “semut” sugar, is brown sugarcane in the form of fine powder with water content lower than block sugar. Tanjung sugar can be used to replace white sugar. The process of making tanjung sugar followed a standard method. Analysis of tanjung sugar quality from different sugarcane varieties has never been reported. This study aimed to analyze the quality of tanjung sugar produced from sugarcane varieties PS 864, PS 862, and BL. This research was carried out in the Sugar Production Unit at the Muktiharjo Experimental Station, Pati from May to October 2018. The process of making tanjung sugar from the three sugarcane varieties included squeezing the juice with a pressing machine with a capacity of 0.5 tons/day (0.5 TCD), cooking the juice in a pan on the stove at the temperature of  90-1100C for 3-4 hours until the juice has thickened. Then cooling the thickened juice in a cold pan for 15-30 minutes, and lastly stirring it until the brown sugar became granules. The sugar quality-analyzed were the color, content, ash, sugar reduction, and sucrose content. Data obtained were analyzed using an independent t-test. The results showed that tanjung sugar made from sugarcane PS 862 variety was the best quality compared to those of  PS 864 and BL varieties. Tanjung sugar from varieties PS 862 had a light-brown color with a color index of 42.500, the water content of 3.90%, sucrose 87.10%, reducing sugar content of 4.40%, and ash content of 1.80%.Keywords: Brown sugar, sugarcane juice, sucrose, reducing sugar. AbstrakGula tanjung adalah gula merah tebu dalam bentuk serbuk halus dengan kadar air lebih rendah dari gula cetak, dan sering disebut gula semut. Gula tanjung ini dapat digunakan sebagai pengganti pemakaian gula pasir. Proses pembuatan gula tanjung mengikuti metode standar. Analisis mutu gula tanjung dari varietas tebu di daerah pengembangan belum pernah dilaporkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis mutu gula tanjung yang dihasilkan dari tebu varietas PS 864, PS 862 dan BL. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Unit Pengolahan Gula Merah Tebu di Kebun Percobaan (KP) Muktiharjo, Pati pada Mei-Oktober 2018. Proses pembuatan gula tanjung dari ketiga varietas tebu tersebut meliputi pemerasan nira dengan mesin pemerah berkapasitas 0,5 ton/hari (0,5 TCD), dimasak dalam wajan di atas tungku dengan suhu bahan 90-110oC selama 3-4 jam sampai nira mengental. Pendinginan dalam wajan dingin dilakukan sampai nira lebih mengental (15-30 menit) dan pengadukan dilakukan sampai gula merah tebu menjadi butiran gula tanjung. Mutu gula tanjung yang dianalisis yaitu warna dengan metode ICUMSA, kadar air dengan metode oven, kadar abu dengan tanur, kadar gula pereduksi dan sukrosa dengan metode Luff Schoorl. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan independen t tes. Gula tanjung yang dibuat dari varietas tebu PS 862 mempunyai mutu terbaik dibandingkan varietas PS 864 dan BL. Gula tanjung dari tebu varietas PS 862 mempunyai warna coklat muda-tua dengan indeks warna 42.500, kadar air 3.90%, sukrosa 87.10%, kadar gula reduksi 4.40%, dan kadar abu 1.80%.Kata kunci:  Gula merah tebu, mutu nira, sukrosa, gula reduksi.
PENGUJIAN BAKTERI ENDOFIT TERHADAP EFISIENSI HARA PADA PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN LADA DI LAMPUNG / The Evaluation of Endophytic Bacteria Application on Nutrient Efficiency of Black Pepper Growth in Lampung Gusmaini Gusmaini; Andriana Kartikawati; Hera Nurhayati
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 25, No 2 (2019): Desember, 2019
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v25n2.2019.100-107

Abstract

Black pepper (Piper nigrum L.) requires high nutrients to support its growth. The research was carried out to find an alternative way to reduce high nutrient requirements with the application of growth-promoting bacteria. The research was conducted at Natar Experimental Station, Lampung Assessment Institute for Agricultural Technology (AIAT), from January to December 2018. The study was undertaken in a randomized block design, arranged factorially, with 16 treatments and 3 replications. The first factor was endophytic bacteria application consisted of: without endophytic bacteria (B0), Ca2 endophytic bacterial isolates (B1), isolates combination A (Dj9 + Sa4 + Labt8 + Ldbp4) (B2), and isolates combination B (Sa8 + Sd10 + Labt1 + Ldbp9 (B3). The second factor was fertilizer application comprised of: without fertilizer (P0), 25% (P1), 50% (P2), and 75% (P3) of recommendation dosage (NPKMg: 12: 12: 17: 2). The recommended fertilizer dose was 200 kg/ha/year. The results showed that there was an interaction between endophytic bacteria and fertilizer in enhancing plant growth and NPK nutrient uptake of pepper at 11 months after planting. The combination of Ca2 endophytic bacteria and 75% NPK fertilizer recommendations enhanced plant growth by 19.5% for plant height, 34.3% for the number of nodes, and 16.8% for the number of branches, compared to that without endophytic bacteria application. However, the combination of B2 endophytic bacteria and 75% of NPK fertilizer recommendations showed the best result for biomass weight and nutrient uptake. Endophytic bacteria can improve the effectiveness of organic fertilizer usage to support sustainable agriculture.Keywords: Piper nigrum, nutrition, improvement, PGPB. AbstrakLada (Piper nigrum L.) merupakan tanaman yang memerlukan hara cukup tinggi untuk pertumbuhannya. Penelitian ini dilakukan sebagai upaya untuk mengurangi pemberian hara yang cukup tinggi yaitu dengan memberikan bakteri pemicu pertumbuhan. Penelitian telah dilakukan di Kebun Percobaan Natar BPTP Lampung, dimulai dari bulan Januari-Desember 2018. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok, faktorial, 16 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan. Perlakuan terdiri dari faktor pertama penggunaan bakteri endofit yaitu; tanpa bakteri endofit (B0), isolat bakteri endofit Ca2 (B1), isolat kombinasi A (Dj9+Sa4+Labt8+Ldbp4) (B2), dan isolat kombinasi B (Sa8+Sd10+Labt1+Ldbp9) (B3). Faktor kedua pemupukan anorganik yaitu; tanpa pupuk (P0), 25% (P1), 50% (P2), dan 75% (P3) dosis rekomendasi (NPKMg: 12:12:17:2). Dosis rekomendasi adalah 200 kg/ha/tahun. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya interaksi antara bakteri endofit dan pupuk terhadap peningkatan pertumbuhan, dan serapan hara NPK pada tanaman lada berumur 11 bulan setelah tanam. Pemberian bakteri endofit dapat meningkatkan tinggi tanaman 19,5%, jumlah ruas 34,3%, dan jumlah cabang 16,8% pada kombinasi bakteri endofit B1 dibandingkan tanaman tanpa pemberian bakteri endofit dan 75% rekomendasi pupuk NPK. Namun kombinasi perlakuan terbaik untuk bobot biomas dan serapan hara adalah pada kombinasi perlakuan bakteri endofit B2 dan 75% rekomendasi pupuk NPK. Bakteri endofit dapat berfungsi sebagai pupuk hayati dan dapat mengefisienkan penggunaan pupuk buatan untuk pertanian berkelanjutan.Kata kunci: Piper nigrum, nutrisi, peningkatan,PGPB.
IDENTIFIKASI JENIS TUMBUHAN BAWAH PADA TEGAKAN KELAPA SAWIT DAN PEMANFAATANNYA SEBAGAI PAKAN TERNAK SAPI POTONG / Identification of Understoreys at Palm Oil Stands and their Utilization for Beef Cattle Feed Jhon Firison; Wiryono Wiryono; Bieng Brata; Andi Ishak
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 25, No 2 (2019): Desember, 2019
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/littri.v25n2.2019.59-68

Abstract

The presumption that understoreys at palm oil stands are weeds is not entirely true because the understoreys can be potentially used as beef cattle feed. The study aimed to identify the types of understorey at palm oil stands, to determine the dominant species, and to calculate the understorey biomass potential for beef cattle feed. The study was conducted in Kungkai Baru Village, Air Periukan Subdistrict, Seluma Regency, Bengkulu Province from July to September 2018. Data were obtained by using a 1mx1m method. Samples were taken from 2, 7, and 15 years old palm oil stands for 26 plots, then they were identified and dried to obtain dry ingredients. The level of beef cattle preference to understoreys was found out based on the results of the interviews with 5 farmers. The data were analyzed descriptively. The results of the study concluded that (1) there were 53 species of understoreys at the oil palm stands consisting of 46 genera and 29 families; (2) the Poaceae family was the most important understoreys at the oil palm stands; and (3) there were 20 understorey species which were potential for beef cattle feed at the oil palm stands. The understorey biomass decreased along with the increasing age of palm oil stands, which was 8845.1 kg/ha at the stands aged two years, 5445.4 kg/ha at 7 years, and 4317.4 kg/ha at 15 years. The study indicates that understorey species at palm oil stands are potential for beef cattle feed.Keywords: Biomass,  animal preference level, Poaceae family AbstrakAnggapan bahwa jenis tumbuhan bawah sebagai gulma pada kelapa sawit tidaklah sepenuhnya benar karena tumbuhan bawah dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai pakan ternak sapi potong. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi jenis-jenis tumbuhan bawah pada tegakan kelapa sawit, menentukan dominasi jenis, dan menghitung biomassa tumbuhan bawah yang berpotensi sebagai pakan ternak sapi potong. Penelitian dilakukan di Desa Kungkai Baru, Kecamatan Air Periukan, Kabupaten Seluma, Provinsi Bengkulu pada bulan Juli sampai dengan September 2018. Pengumpulan data dilakukan metode kuadrat ukuran 1m x 1m. Sampel tumbuhan bawah diambil sebanyak 26 plot pada umur tegakan 2, 7, dan 15 tahun, selanjutnya diidentifikasi dan dikeringkan untuk mendapatkan bahan keringnya. Tingkat kesukaan ternak sapi potong terhadap tumbuhan bawah diketahui berdasarkan hasil wawancara dengan 5 orang peternak. Analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa (1) terdapat 53 jenis tumbuhan bawah pada seluruh tegakan kelapa sawit yang terdiri atas 46 genus dan 29 famili; (2) famili Poaceae merupakan tumbuhan bawah terpenting pada tegakan kelapa sawit; (3) terdapat 20 jenis tumbuhan bawah yang berpotensi sebagai pakan ternak sapi potong pada tegakan kelapa sawit yang biomassanya semakin menurun dengan bertambahnya umur tegakan, yaitu 8.845,1 kg/ha pada umur tegakan 2 tahun, 5.445,4 kg/ha pada umur tegakan 7 tahun, dan 4.317,4 kg/ha pada umur tegakan 15 tahun.  Hasil penelitian mengindikasikan bahwa tumbuhan bawah pada tegakan kelapa sawit berpotensi sebagai sumber pakan ternak sapi.Kata kunci:Biomassa,  tingkat kesukaan ternak, family Poaceae.
PENGGUNAAN DUA MODEL POLATANAM PADI (Oryza sativa) DAN KACANG TANAH (Arachis hipogea) DENGAN DASAR KELAPA DI KABUPATEN SUKABUMI - JAWA BARAT . Saefudin; Dibyo Pranowo; Dewi Listyati
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 8, No 4 (2002): Desember, 2002
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v8n4.2002.132-139

Abstract

Produktivitas lahan, tanaman dan pendapatan pctani pekebun kelapa pada umumnya rendah. Salah satu usaha untuk mengatasinya adalah dengan menanam berbagai jenis tanaman sela di antara kelapa atau disebut polatanam campuran. Untuk mengetahui penggunaan dua model pola¬ tanam padi dan kacang tanah di antara kelapa yang lebih produktif dan menguntungkan telah dilakukan penelitian di Desa Caringinnunggal, Kecamatan Ciracap, Kabupaten Sukabumi, Propinsi Jawa Barat dengan jenis tanah podsolik merah kuning, tipe iklim Cl (Oldeman), dan kctinggian tempat 250 m dpi. Penelitian dilaksanakan secara on farm dengan menggunakan mctode observasi dimulai dai bulan Juni 1999 sampai dengan Maret 2000. Perlakuan yang diuji adalah dua model polatanam yaitu : (1) padi dan kacang tanah (75% : 25%); (2) padi dan kacang tanah (50% 50%) dengan dasar kelapa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan dua model polatanam (padi + kacang tanah) campuran berpengaruh positif terhadap tanaman pokok kelapa, khususnya pada karaktcr jumlah daun, jumlah bunga betina, setting buah dan produksi nira. Produktivitas tanaman sela padi pada dua model yang diuji sangat rendah. Produktivitas padi pada model satu adalah 798 kg dan model dua 496 kg gabah kenngpanen atau masing-masing setara dengan 1 064 kg dan 992.0 kg gabah keing panen/ha petanaman kelapa. Produktivitas tanaman sela kacang tanah pada dua model yang diuji cukup tinggi. Produktivitas kacang tanah pada model satu adalah 670 kg dan model dua I 220 kg polong basah atau masing-masing setara dengan 2 680 kg dan 2 440 kg polong basah/ha petanaman kelapa. Hasil. analisis finansial menunjukkan, bahwa model polatanam satu memberikan keuntungan Rp. 904 300/ha/th, B/C ratio 1.12 dan LKM 0.0495, sedang model dua membei keuntungan Rp. 1 367 800/ha/th, B/C ratio 1.17 dan LKM 0.0333.Kata kunci: Cocos nucifera, Oryza saliva, Arachis hipogea, polatanam campuran, Sukabumi ABSTRACT Two model of rice (Oryza sativa> and peanut (Arachis hipogea) cropping system on coconut land in Sukabumi Regency -West JavaThe productivity of coconut smallholder's income, in general, is still low. One of the solutions to overcome this problem is to introduce some intercrops in the coconut land. This study was conducted in Cainginnunggal Village, Ciracap, Sukabumi Regency, West Java Province, rom June 1999 to March 2000. The soil is red yellow podsolic, the climate is C (Oldeman), the altitude is 250 m above sea level. This research used on-farm method with two models, namely (1) ice and peanut 75%: The results of the research showed that the intercropping of rice and peanut on coconut land had good effect on coconut as the main crop, particularly on the coconut leaf number, female lower number, ruit setting, and toddy production. The productivity of ice as the intercrop was very low. On the first model was 798 kg and on the second model was 496 kg harvest dry seed or eqivalent to 1.046 kg and 992 kg harvest dry seed/ha of coconut land. The productivity of peanut as Ihe intercrop was better. On the first model was 670 kg and on the second model was I 220 kg resh pods/ha of coconut land. The results of the financial analysis indicated that the first model gave profit Rp. 904 300/ha/year, B/C ratio 1. 12 and minimum farm size is 0.0495; while me second model gave Rp. 1 367 800/ha/year, B/C ratio 1.17 and minimum farm size 0.0333.Key words : Cocos nucifera, Oryza sativa, Arachis hipogea, coconut cropping pattern, Sukabumi
PENGARUH KETERSEDIAAN AIR TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN PRODUKSI DUA KLON NILAM . EMMYZAR
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 10, No 4 (2004): Desember, 2004
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v10n4.2004.159-165

Abstract

Tanaman nilam tumbuh dan berproduksi dengan baik pada daerah dengan curah hujan relatif tinggi dan merata sepanjang tahun. Tanaman dalam kondisi kekurangan air terus menerus akan mengalami strcs air dan berpengaruh terhadap proses fisiologis, menurunkan permukaan trans- pirasi, luas daun menurun, dan mempercepat dcfiidrasi protoplasma. Penelitian pengaruh ketersediaan air terhadap petumbuhan dan produksi 2 (dua) klon nilam dilakukan di rumah kaca Instalasi Penelitian Cimanggu, Balittro Bogor mulai bulan Nopember 1999 sampai dengan Mei 2000. Penelitian ini betujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh ketersediaan air terhadap partumbuhan dan produksi dua klon nilam (klon Sidikalang dan klon Situak) sekaligus diamati pengaruhnya terhadap kadar dan kualitas minyak nilam (rendemen, warna dan kandungan patchouly alkohol). Percobaan dilakukan dalam polibag menggunakan tanah kering jenis latosol Cimanggu Bogor yang diaduk dengan pupuk kandang sapi (3:1) sebanyak 10 kg/polibag disusun menggunakan rancangan factorial (dua faktor) dalam rancangan acak lengkap (RAL), diulang 3 kali. Ukuran plot 8 polibag/ perlakuan. Faktor pertama : klon nilam terdiri dari 2 jenis (K) yaitu : Kl = klon Sidikalang dan K2 = klon Situak. Faktor kedua: tingkat ketersediaan air (A) 4 taraf yaitu Al = 25% kapasitas lapang, A2 = 50% kapasitas lapang, A3 = 75% kapasitas lapang, dan A4 = 100 % kapasitas lapang. Peubah yang diamati meliputi persentase tumbuh tunas, tinggi tanaman, luas daun, bobot daun basah dan bobot daun kering, kadar minyak digambarkan dari rendemen dan kualitas minyak (wana dan kandungan patchouly alkohol). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa untuk jumlah tunas tidak ada interaksi antara tingkat ketersediaan air dan klon yang diuji, tetapi untuk jumlah daun ada interaksi. Tingkat pemberian air 75% kapasitas lapang (KL) secara keseluruhan memberikan pertumbuhan optimum bagi kedua klon, kecuali untuk parameter jumlah daun. Pada klon Situak. tingkat pemberian air 100% KL yang memberikan jumlah daun terbanyak. Perlakuan ketersediaan air 100% KL pada klon Sidikalang memberikan bobot daun kering tetinggi dibanding perlakuan lainnya, sedang untuk klon Situak, ketersediaan air pada taraf 75% KL memberikan bobot daun kering tetinggi. Rendemen minyak klon Situak dengan tingkat ketersediaan air 25% KL tertinggi (4.0%) dengan wana minyak kuning muda tcrang, diikuti tingkat 50% KL (3.0%) dengan wana minyak kusam/kemh. Kandungan patchouly alkohol klon Situak rata-rata (30%) lebih baik daripada klon Sidikalang, diperoleh dari perlakuan ketersediaan air 25% KL. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa untuk memperoleh petumbuhan dan produksi yang tinggi, ketersediaan air dalam tanah diperlukan antara 75 - 100% KL. Namun, untuk mendapatkan kandungan patchouly alkohol tinggi ketersediaan air yang dibutuhkan lebih rendah yaitu 25 % - 50%) KL.Kata kunci: Nilam, Pogostemon cablin, ketersediaan air, petumbuhan, produksi ABSTRACTThe effect of water availability the growth and production of two patchouly clones Patchouly plant grows and produces very well in the area with high and everly rain fall through the year. Plants with continuous shortage of water would face water stress and affect physiologis process, transpiration surface, leaf area and protoplasmic dehydration. Several levels of water needs were tested in this experiment, which was carried out in a glass house of Cimanggu Installation, Indonesian Spice and Medicinal Crops Research Institute, Bogor, rom November 1999 to May 2000. The objective was to find out the effect of water availability on two clones of patchouly growth, production and oil content (rendement, colour and patchouly alcohol). The experiment was conducted in polybags using Cimanggu Latosol soil mixed with cow dung (3:1), 10 kg/polybag, arranged in a factorially completely random design with 3 replications. Plot size was 8 polybag/treatment. The first factor was two clones of patchouly : K, = Sidikalang and K2 = Situak. The second factor was 4 levels of water availability: 2J% (A,), 50% (A2). 75% (A,), and 100% (A,) ield capacity (FC). Variables observed were percentage of shoot growth, plant height, leaf area, fresh weight and dry weight, oil content (rendement, colour and patchouly alcohol). The result showed that there was no interaction between the two factors for number of shoots. Clone of Sidikalang had higher plant height than that of Situak. The water availability of 75% (FC) gave optimum growth for the two clones, except the number of leaves. For Situak the water avaibility of 100% (FC) gave the highest number of leaves. For Sidikalang the water availability of 100% gave the highest dry weight of leaves. Oil rendement for Situak with 25% FC was the highest (4.0) with bright yellow colour. The content of patchouly alcohol for Situak was higher than that of Sidikalang (30%). Therefore, it can be concluded that to obtain the optimum growth and the higest production it needed 75 - 100% (FC) water availability, while for high patchouly alcohol content, it needed buzer the water availability, i.e. 25-50% (FC).Key words: Patchouli, Pogostemon cablin, water level, growth, production
PENGARUH KONSENTRASI STARTER Saccharomyces cerevisiae DAN LAMA FERMENTASI TERHADAP RENDEMEN DAN MUTU MINYAK KELAPA BARLINA, RINDENGAN; KAROUW, STEIVIE; PASANG, PATRIK M.
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 10, No 3 (2004): September, 2004
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v10n3.2004.106-111

Abstract

Untuk mendapatkan cara pengolahan minyak kelapa yang lebih eisien dalam menghasilkan rendemen dan mutu yang tinggi dan tahan simpan serta aman dikonsumsi telah dilakukan penelitian pengaruh konsentrasi starter Saccharomyces cerevisiae dan lama fermentasi terhadap rendemen mutu minyak kelapa. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Balai Penelitian Tanaman Kelapa dan Palma Lain Manado dan Kebun Percobaan Mapanget sejak bulan Maret sampai Desember 2001. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap disusun secara faktorial, yaitu faktor A adalah konsentrasi starter Saccharomyces cerevisiae, terdiri dari 0%, 0.25%, 0.35%, 0.45% dan faktor B adalah lama fermentasi krim. terdiri dari 0 jam, 12 jam, dan 24 jam. Ulangan dilakukan sebanyak 2 kali. Hasil penelitian diperoleh rendemen minyak tertinggi 23.83% pada fermentasi krim selama 24 jam. Mutu minyak kelapa yang dihasilkan sebagai berikut kadar air 0.03 - 0.18%, asam lemak bebas 0.15 - 0.29%, warna bening dan bau harum/ normal, bilangan peroksida berkisar 0.20 - 0.40 meq/kg, mutu minyak kelapa tersebut memenuhi Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI) 01-2902-1992.Kata kunci: Minyak kelapa, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, konsentrasi, fermentasi. rendemen, mutu ABCTRACT Effect of concentration of stater Saccharomyces cerevisiae and duration of fermentation on the content and quality of coconut oilResearch on the effect of concentration of starter Saccharomyces cerevisiae on the content and quality of coconut oil was conducted at the Laboratory of Indonesian Coconut and Palmae Research Institute (ICOPRI) and Mapanget Research Instalation from March to December 2001. The objective of the research was to find out the effective technique and processing of coconut oil. The research used a completely randomized design with 2 factors and 2 replications. Factor A was the concentration of starter Saccharomyces cerevisiae of 0%, 0.25%, 0.35%, 0.45% and factor B was duration of fermentation consist of 0 hour, 12 hours, and 24 hours. The results showed that the highest yield of coconut oil is 23.83% was obtained by fermented coconut cream for 24 hours. The coconut oil had good quality with moisture content about 0.03 to 0.18%, free fatty acid content about 0.15 to 0.29%, colorless, good smell and peroxide value about 0.20 - 0.40 mcq/kg, the quality of coconut oil fulfilled the requirements of Indonesian National Standard (Standar Nasional Indonesia/SNI 01-2902-1992).Key words: Coconut oil, Saccharomyces cerevisiae. concentration, fermentation, yield and quality
PEREKAYASAAN INSTALASI PEMANFAATAN UDARA PANAS BUANG PADA PENGOVENAN TEMBAKAU VIRGINIA SAMSURI TIRTOSASTRO; ABI DWI HASTONO; . DARMONO
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 9, No 1 (2003): Maret, 2003
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v9n1.2003.17-24

Abstract

Pcrekayasaan instalasi pemanfaatan udara panas buang pada pengolahan daun tembakau Virginia menjadi krosok fc (flue-cured) telah dilaksanakan di Balai Penelitian lanaman lembakau dan Serat, Malang, Jawa Timur. Pengujian alal dilakukan di lombok Timur, Nusa Tcnggara Barat, pada musim panen antara bulan Agustus sampai dengan Oktober 2000 di sentra produksi tembakau Virginia Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat mendukung efisiensi penggunaan biaya bahan bakar sekaligus mengurangi subsidi bahan bakar minyak dari Pemerintah Konstruksi instalasi pemanfaatan udara panas buang terdii atas pipa penghubung (d~ 15.24 cm) dua oven dan blower 0 75 TK untuk mcngalirkan udara panas buang dari oven pertama ke oven kedua. Kapasitas oven pertama yang digunakan 3 547 kg, sedangkan oven kedua 2 617 kg daun lembakau. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa. pemasangan instalasi udara panas buang dapat menekan konsumsi bahan bakar oven kedua 12 39% yaitu dari 1 352 liter minyak tanah tiap kg krosok menjadi 1.141 liter tiap kg krosok. Analisis ekonomi pada harga minyak tanah Rp 700/1 penggunaan alat tersebut belum memberikan keuntungan yang bcrati karena nilai rasio BC ■ 1.29. NPV ■ Rp 99 835 885 dan IRR - 52 73%, dibandingkan tidak memasang instalasi tersebut dengan nilai rasio BC 1.29, NPV Rp 98 547 176, dan IRR 52 78%. Namun bila harga minyak tanah Rp. 1 000/1 maka pemasangan instalasi udara panas buang membeikan nilai rasio BC 1.25, NPV Rp. 88 246 683 dan IRR -52 58%. lebih baik dibanding tidak memasang instalasi tersebut (rasio BC 1 24. NPV Rp. 85 977 099 dan IRR - 52 63%) Peluang keuntungan rclatif makin besar jika harga minyak lanah makin linggi. Keuntungan lain pemasangan instalasi ini adalah menekan subsidi bahan bakar minyak.Kata kunci : Nicotiana tabacum 1. , oven, instalasi udara, panas buang, mutu, aspek ekonomi ABSTRACTUtilization of waste heat-air installation in Virginia tobacco curingInstallation of me waste hcal-air utilization in Virginia tobacco curing to produce flue-cured tobacco has been conducted in Indonesian Tobacco and fiber Crops Research Institute. Malang, Indonesia. The equipment test was taken place in Virginia tobacco production centre. East lombok. West Nusa Tcnggara Province on harvesting-time between August and October 2000 Ihe result of the research was expected to suppot fuel efficiency, and decrease the government fuel-oil subsidiary. Construction of Ihe waste hcat- air installation consisted of connecting-pipe (d 15.24 cm) between two eunng-bams. and 0 75 HP blower for blowing the waste heat-air to the second cunng-barn The capacity of the irst curing-barn was 3 547 kg tobacco leaves and second curing-bam was 2 617 kg tobacco leaves. The results of the experiment showed that the installation of the waste hea(-air equipment could reduce 12.39% of fuel consumption of second curing-bam, from 1.352 I kerosene per kg to 1 141 I kerosene per kg of the cured leaves The economic analysis of the equipment al kerosene price Rp 700/1 was that equipment did nol give meaning-full benefit, because the value of B'C ratio 1.29, NPV Rp 99 835 885 and IRR 52.73%, compared to those without waste heal air installation, with BC ratio 1 29, NPV Rp. 98 547 176 and IRR 52.78%. Nevertheless al Rp I 000 1 kerosene price the installation of waste heal-air equipment gave the B'C ratio -1 25. NPV ■ Rp. 88 835 885 and IRR 52 58%, was better than those without equipment installation (BC ratio I 24. NPV Rp. 85 977 099 and IRR' 52 63%). Relative beneit chance would be beter if there was higher kerosene price. Ihe other benefit from the installation of Ihe equipment was to reduce government fuel subsidiary.Key words Nicotiana tabacum I... curing-bam. waste heat-air, installation, quality, economic aspect
INDUKSI AKAR TUNAS KE LAPA SAWIT (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) SECARA IN VITRO DAN EX VITRO / Root Induction of Oil Palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) Using In Vitro and Ex Vitro Techniques Yunita, Rossa; MARISKA, IKA; PURNAMANINGSIH, RAGAPADMI; LESTARI, ENDANG GATI; UTAMI, SRI
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 22, No 1 (2016): Maret, 2016
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/littri.v22n1.2016.37-42

Abstract

Root induction is an important step in the process of propagation of plants through tissue culture techniques. For root induction commonly used plant growth regulator auxin, which has an important role in plant growth and development, especially at the stage of root initiation. The purpose of this study is to obtain appropriate methods for root induction of oil palm in vitro and ex vitro. The experiment used completely randomized factorial design, consisted of three main activities: (1) Induction of rooting on solid media, using combinations of NAA (2 and 4 mg/l) and IBA (1, 2, 3 and 4 mg/l) concentrations with 5 replications; (2) Induction of rooting the liquid media, using three concentrations of NAA (0, 3 and 6 mg/l), each treatment was replicated 5 times; (3) Induction of rooting ex vitro, using rootone F or IBA (20, 40 and 60 mg/l) with 5 replications. Results indicated that the best medium for in vitro root induction on solid media was MS + NAA 4 mg/l IBA + 4 mg/l, while for liquid media was MS + NAA 6 mg/l. Ex vitro rooting induction showed 60% success of acclimatization by soaking vitro shoots base in NAA solution 40 mg/l and 60 mg/l for 1 hour.Keywords: Elaeis guineensis Jacq., ex vitro, IBA, NAA
PENGARUH PENYIMPANAN TERHADAP SIFAT KIMIA DAN VIABILITAS BENIH AREN N. MASHUD; DAVID ALLORERUNG
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 7, No 4 (2001): Desember, 2001
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v7n4.2001.108-112

Abstract

Effect of storage duration on physical and chemical characteristics and viability of seed in sugar palm Arenga pinnataEffect of storage on (he physical and chemical characteristics and viability of sugar palm seed was studied in (he Research Institute for Coconut and Other Palm, Manado from April 1997 lo March 1998. The seeds were collecled from (he palm of 15 year old from Kemelcmbuai village, Motoling sub district, Minahasa North Sulawesi. The seeds were sown in the glass house. The carbohydrate, lipid and protein were analyzed at the laboratory of Research Institute for Coconut and Other Palm, Manado. The experimcnl was designed as a randomized block arranged factorial ly. The irst factor was storage duration (0,2, 4, 6, 8, or 10 weeks). Results showed that unshclling affected germination rate but did not germinability. The seed stored for 2 - 4 weeks showed high gcrminability (71%). Unshclling and storing reduced carbohydrate and lipid, but not protein. Carbohydrate reduction occurred at two weeks storage, either in (he shelled or unshellcd seed. Reduclion of carbohydrate more rapidly in (he shelled seed stored for 2-4 weeks. Storage for 2 weeks resulted in the reduction of protein. From this study it was suggested that for high germination, Ihe seed should be stored for 4 weeks before sowing.
HIBRIDISASI SILANG BALIK TEMBAKAU TEMANGGUNG UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KETAHANAN TERHADAP PENYAKIT "LINCAT" ABDUL RACHMAN SK; SRI RAHAYUNINGSih; GEMBONG DALMADIYO; SESANTI BASUKI
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 4, No 5 (1999): Januari, 1999
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/littri.v4n5.1999.152-157

Abstract

Back cross hibridization of Temanggung tobacco for in¬ creasing the lincat disease resistanceThe back cross hibidization of Temanggung tobacco lines for increas¬ ing the " lincat" disease resistances was conducted Temanggung in 1997. The aim of this experiment was to produce some new Temanggung tobacco lines which ae resistant to root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne spp.) and bacteial wilt (Pseudomonas solanacearum) and have high productivity and grade index. These treatments consisted of eleven selected tobacco lines from the segregating progenies of crossing beetween Virginia and Temanggung to¬ bacco and the two Temanggung tobacco cua'vars arranged in randomized block design with three replications. The esults of this experiment showed that thee new tobacco lines (BC3.C-51, BC3.C-86, BC3.SG-86) were esis¬ tant toMeloidogyne spp. and P. solanacearum. The productivity of BC3.C-86 and BC3.SG-86 lines inceased 60.12% and 38.69% compared with Genjah Kemloko line. The productivity of BC3.C-5I line was equal to Genjah Kemloko, its quality raised 9.18%, and early loweing (dwarf* 69.65 days).

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