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INDONESIA
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar
Published by Kementerian Pertanian
ISSN : 23561297     EISSN : 25287222     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture, Engineering,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar (JTIDP) published by Indonesian Center for Estate Crops Research and Development is a peer-reviewed and open access journal that publishes significant and important research from area of agricultural science on industrial and beverage crops.
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Articles 407 Documents
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PENGARUH UMUR DAN LAMA PENYIMPANAN TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN BENIH LADA Saefudin, Saefudin
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 3, No 3 (2012): Buletin Riset Tanaman Rempah Dan Aneka Tanaman Industri
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

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Penelitian untuk mengetahui pengaruh umur dan lama penyimpanan terhadap  pertumbuhan benih lada  telah dilakukan di Rumah Kaca Kebun Percobaan Sukamulya, Sukabumi, Jawa Barat mulai bulan Januari sampai dengan Desember 2011. Percobaan  disusun berdasarkan rancangan acak kelompok faktorial dengan tiga ulangan. Faktor Pertama adalah tiga taraf (umur benih), yaitu 1, 2, dan 3 bulan, sedangkan faktor kedua adalah 5 taraf (lama simpan benih), yaitu  0, 3, 5, 7 dan 9 hari. Jumlah sampel benih untuk pengamatan kondisi kesegaran sebanyak 50 bibit, sedangkan untuk pertumbuhan benih sebanyak 25 benih setiap perlakuan. Parameter yang diamati meliputi kondisi kesegaran benih setelah mendapat perlakuan penyimpanan dan pertumbuhan benih  umur 3 bulan. Parameter pertumbuhan terdiri atas  tinggi benih, jumlah buku, panjang daun, lebar daun, dan  panjang ruas. Data hasil pengamatan selanjutnya dianalisis menggunakan  analisis sidik ragam (anova) dilanjutkan dengan uji BNJ taraf 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa interaksi antara umur benih dan lama penyimpanan berpengaruh terhadap kondisi kesegarannya, sedangkan umur benih dan lama penyimpanan berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan benih lada. Apabila benih lada dikeluarkan dari polibagnya, maka benih lada umur 2 bulan yang paling mampu bertahan terhadap penyimpanan dengan lama penyimpanan maksimal 5 hari. THE EFFECTS OF AGE AND STORAGE PERIODS ON THE GROWTH OF ROOTED CUTTINGS OF BLACK PEPPER ABSTRACT To provide good black pepper cuttings grown in polythene bags, it might be costly due to transportation cost should be covered into cost production. The use of rooted cuttings of black pepper is therefore considered as an alternative solution in providing of plant materials being ready to be planted in the fields. A research was carried out at a glass house of Sukamulya Research Station (Sukabumi) from January to Desember 2011. The objective of the study was to investigate the effects of age and storage periods of rooted cuttings on their freshness and growth performances under nursery condition. A randomized factorial design with three replications was used. The age of black pepper cuttings consisted of 1, 2, and 3 months old, while the storage periods were 0, 3, 5, 7 and 9 days. The number of pepper cuttings observed for their freshness levels were 50 cuttings per treatments, whereas those of their growth were 25 cuttings. For evaluation of their freshness, they were calculated based on the percentage of treated cuttings having water content of higher than 75%, while for their growth parameters observed were height of rooted cuttings, number of nudes, leaf length, leaf width, and length of internodes. The data were then analyzed with analysis of variance (anova) followed by HSD test level 5%. The results showed that there were noted interaction between the age and storage periods of rooted cuttings to the freshness and growth of young rooted cuttings. If farmers use rooted cuttings taken out from their polythene bags, then 2-month cutting olds with maximum storage periods of 5 days would give the best treated rooted cuttings having high in performance growth.
Seleksi dan Identifikasi Jamur Antagonis Sebagai Agens Hayati Jamur Akar Putih Rigidoporus microporus pada Tanaman Karet Amaria, Widi; Taufiq, Efi; Harni, Rita
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 4, No 1 (2013): Buletin Riset Tanaman Rempah dan Aneka Tanaman Industri
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

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Jamur akar putih (Rigidoporus microporus) merupakan patogen utama pada tanaman karet yang sulit pengendaliannya karenamempunyai struktur bertahan dalam tanah (klamidospora). Pengendalian hayati dengan jamur antagonis sangat potensial digunakanuntuk mengendalikan patogen tular tanah. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Balai Penelitian Tanaman Industri danPenyegar, mulai Februari sampai Juli 2012 dengan tujuan untuk menyeleksi dan mengidentifikasi jamur antagonis yang potensialmengendalikan patogen R. microporus pada tanaman karet. Penelitian terdiri dari dua tahap, yaitu (1) pengambilan sampel padabeberapa perkebunan karet di daerah Lampung, Sumatera Selatan, Jawa Tengah dan Jawa Barat dan (2) isolasi, seleksi, karakterisasimorfologi dan identifikasi di Laboratorium Proteksi Tanaman, Balai Penelitian Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar. Hasil isolasi jamurantagonis dari rizosfer dan akar tanaman karet diperoleh 209 isolat. Berdasarkan persentase daya hambat terseleksi 12 isolat antagonis,yaitu 8 isolat rizosfer (Trichoderma virens, 2 isolat Trichoderma hamatum, 2 isolat Trichoderma amazonicum, Penicillium pinophilum,Paecilomyces lilacinus, dan Aspergillus fijiensis), dan 4 isolat endofit (Eupenicillium javanicum, Penicillium simplicissimum, Penicillium citrinum,dan Hypocrea atroviridis). Kedua belas isolat tersebut merupakan jamur antagonis potensial untuk mengendalikan penyakit JAP padakaret.Kata Kunci: Rigidoporus microporus, seleksi, identifikasi, jamur antagonisWhite root disease caused by Rigidoporus microporus is the main pathogen in rubber growing. The diseases is hard to be controlled because of itschlamydospore in soil. The use of antagonistic fungi is a potential approach being able to control the soil borne disease. A study was established atlaboratory of The Indonesian Research Institute for Industrial and Beverage Crops from February to July 2012. The objective of the study was to selectand identify some antagonistic fungi which are able to control R. microporus in rubber. The steps of study conducted were (1) collecting of soilsamples (as sources of antagonistic fungi) taken from several rubber plantations in Lampung, South Sumatra, Central Java and West Java, and (2)isolation, selection, and identification of morphological characteristics of the isolates at the Plant Protection Laboratory of The Research Institute.Results obtained 209 isolates of antagonistic fungi from rhizosphere and endophyte in rubber. There are 12-selected antagonistic isolates consisting of8 rhizosphere and 4 endophytic isolates. The rhizosphere isolates are Trichoderma virens, 2 isolates of Trichoderma hamatum, 2 isolates ofTrichoderma amazonicum, and one each of Penicillium pinophilum, Paecilomyces lilacinus, and Aspergillus fijiensis), whereas theendophytic isolates are Eupenicillium javanicum, Penicillium simplicissimum, Penicillium citrinum, and Hypocrea atroviridis of oneeach. The twelve isolates are antagonistic fungi in which the white root disease may be likely controlled.
PENGEMBANGAN INDUSTRI KLASTER JAMBU METE DI JAWA TIMUR Sudjarmoko, Bedy; Wahyudi, Agus
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 2, No 2 (2011): Buletin Riset Tanaman Rempah Dan Aneka Tanaman Industri
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The Cashew cluster industry development in East Java. Industrial cluster approach as an development strategy has been adoptednationally and continues to be strengthened in recent years. National Development Programme of 2003 mandated the cluster appr oach in thedevelopment of small and medium industries. Presidential Regulation No. 07 of 2005 states that national industrial development focused onstrengthening and growth of the ten priority industrial clusters. The research is aimed to formulated strategy of cashew ind ustry cluster developmentin East Java. The data used are primary and secondary data, analyzed using Porters Diamond. The research was conducted in S umenep, Sampang,and Bangkalan, using the survey in March - April 2011. Data analysis was conducted descriptively using Porters Diamond Model. The resultsshowed that the cashew industry cluster in East Java has not been going well as expected. The linkage between upstream and downstream industriesare still weak, so is the quality of the products produced. Classical problems which have obstructed the development of the cashew industry in thisregion are crop productivity, product quality, regulatory and policy difficult to implement, still can not fully overcome. De terminant factor is the keyto successful development of industrial clusters is the availability of raw cashew nuts, infrastructure, government policy, the interaction betweenplayers in the industry, the availability of supporting institutions, upstream and downstream industries, product demand cond itions and theavailability of foreign investors. Therefore, the handling can not be done spatially, must be supported by all sides and done in an integrated way.Cashew cluster industry development strategy needs to be done by improving government policy (regulation of markets for industrial products cashew,cashew export tax implementation, mandatory SNI nut products, improvement of the domestic market); strengthening the upstream and downstreamindustries (productivity and quality of cashew, increase the ability of the cashew processing industry); and optimization of the interaction between thecore industry by supporting industry and other related institutions (farmers cashew, cashew industry, food industry and beverage, industrialequipment & machinery, exporters, traders, government agencies, research and development institutes, associations industry, transportation andfinancial services/banking).
Biologi Selenothrips rubrocinctus Giard (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) pada Tanaman Jarak Pagar Soesanthy, Funny; Maryana, Nina; Sartiami, Dewi; Karmawati, Elna
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 3, No 3 (2012): Buletin Riset Tanaman Rempah Dan Aneka Tanaman Industri
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Trips pita merah, Selenothrips rubrocinctus Giard (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), merupakan salah satu hama pada tanaman jarak pagar (Jatropha curcas L.). Penelitian bertujuan menganalisis biologi dan morfologi S. rubrocinctus pada tanaman jarak pagar. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Balai Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Aromatik dan Laboratorium Departemen Proteksi Tanaman Institut Pertanian Bogor, pada bulan April 2008 sampai Mei 2009. Penelitian meliputi identifikasi Thysanoptera yang ditemukan di lapang, untuk meyakinkan bahwa trips yang ditemukan adalah S. rubrocinctus. Pengamatan biologi meliputi siklus hidup, waktu telur menetas, nisbah kelamin, dan uji partenogenetik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tipe perkembangan S. rubrocinctus merupakan peralihan antara paurometabolous dan holometabolous. Siklus hidup meliputi telur, nimfa (2 fase), pupa (prapupa dan pupa), dan imago. S. rubrocinctus hidup pada tanaman terutama pada daun. Lama perkembangan stadia pradewasa sekitar 18-25 hari, umur imago mencapai 14-15 hari.  Biology of Selenothrips Rubrocinctus Giard (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) on JatrophaABSTRACT Red-banded thrips, Selenothrips rubrocinctus Giard (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), is one of the pests on the plant of physics nut (Jatropha curcas L.). The study aims to analyze the biology and morphology S. rubrocinctus on jatropha plant. Research conducted in Indonesian Medicinal and Aromatics Plants Research Institute and Pest and Disease Laboratory, Bogor Agricultural Institut, on April 2008 until Mei 2009. The research include identification of Thysanoptera were found in the field, to make sure that thrips was found are S. rubrocinctus. Biological research include life cycles, time egg hatching, sex ratio, and parthenogenetics characteristics. Developmental type of S. rubrocinctus is transition between paurometabolous and holometabolous. Their life cycle consist of egg, nymph (2 phases), pupae (prapupae and pupae), and adult.  They spent the whole life on the plant, especially on the leaves.  Developmental time of immature stages were about 18-25 days, ages of adults reached 14-15 days.
Pengaruh Tingkat Naungan dan Media Tanam Terhadap Persentase Pecah Mata Tunas dan Pertumbuhan Bibit Karet Okulasi Hijau Sakiroh, Sakiroh; Saefudin, Saefudin
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 1, No 2 (2014): Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar
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Keberhasilan okulasi hijau di pembibitan karet (Hevea brasiliensis) stum mata tidur tidak selamanya mencapai persentase tumbuh yang baik karena dipengaruhi faktor lingkungan dan media tanam. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh tingkat naungan dan media tanam terhadap pecah mata tunas dan pertumbuhan stum mata tidur bibit karet hasil okulasi hijau. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan (KP.) Pakuwon Balai Penelitian Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar, Sukabumi, pada bulan Januari-Desember 2013. Rancangan penelitian adalah petak terpisah dengan tiga ulangan. Sebagai petak utama adalah tingkat naungan (N) dengan 3 taraf, yaitu N0 = tanpa naungan, N1 = tingkat naungan 50%, dan N2 = 70%. Sebagai anak petak ialah media tanam (M) dengan 5 taraf, yaitu M0 = tanah tanpa pupuk, M1 = tanah + pupuk kotoran ayam (4:1), M2 = tanah + pupuk kotoran kambing (4:1), M3 = tanah + pupuk kotoran ayam + 2,5 g pupuk NPK, dan M4= tanah + pupuk kotoran kambing + 2,5 g pupuk NPK. Peubah yang diamati meliputi kecepatan pecah mata tunas dan pertumbuhan bibit. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kondisi pembibitan karet tanpa naungan di KP. Pakuwon dengan intensitas cahaya 67.041,67 lux dan suhu udara 31,79 °C menghasilkan persentase pecah mata tunas dan pertumbuhan tinggi tunas hasil okulasi hijau tertinggi. Perlakuan media tanam dan interaksinya dengan tingkat naungan belum memperlihatkan pengaruh yang nyata terhadap persentase pecah mata tunas sampai umur 8 MST dan terhadap pertumbuhan tunas hasil okulasi sampai umur 16 MST.Kata kunci: Hevea brasiliensis, stum mata tidur, bibit, kotoran kambing, kotoran ayamThe success of green budding using budded stump of rubber seedling (Hevea brasiliensis) does not always give a good percentage of growth due to the influence of environmental factors and growing media. This study was carried out to determine the effect of shading levels and growing media that can enhance the growth of budded stump on rubber seedling derived from green budding. The experiment was conducted at Pakuwon Experimental Station (E.S.), Indonesian Industrial and Beverage Crops Research Institute, from January-October 2013. The study was designed as a split plot with three replications. The main plot is the level of shade with 3 levels: without shade (N1), 50% shade (N2) and 70% shade (N3). Meanwhile, subplot is growing media with 5 levels: soil without fertilizer (control) (P0), Soil + chicken manure (4: 1) (P1), soil + goat manure (4: 1) (P2), Soil + chicken manure + 2.5 g of NPK fertilizer (P3) and soil + goat manure + 2.5 g of NPK fertilizers (P4). The results showed that the condition of the rubber nursery without shade at Pakuwon E.S. with the light intensity of 67041.67 lux and temperature of 31.79 °C resulted the highest percentage of breaking buds and the growth of buds derived from green buddings. The treatment of growing media and its interaction with the shading levels does not show significant effect on the percentage of breaking buds until 8 weeks after planting (WAP) and the growth of buds until 16 WAP.
Pengaruh Media Tumbuh dan Interval Penyemprotan Fungisida terhadap Viabilitas, Pertumbuhan dan Harga Pokok Benih Lada Saefudin, Saefudin; Listyati, Dewi
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 3, No 2 (2012): Buletin Riset Tanaman Rempah Dan Aneka Tanaman Industri
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Penelitian untuk mengetahui pengaruh media tumbuh dan interval penyemprotan fungisida terhadap viabilitas setek, pertumbuhan dan harga satuan benih lada dilakukan tahun 2010 di Kebun Percobaan Sukamulya, Sukabumi. Kegiatan terdiri dari dua tahap percobaan lapang dan satu tahap analisis ekonomi bibit lada. Percobaan pertama disusun berdasarkan rancangan acak kelompok dengan tiga ulangan dan jumlah setek setiap perlakuan sebanyak 50 setek benih lada satu ruas. Variabel pertumbuhan yang diamati adalah tinggi dan jumlah buku benih. Percobaan ke dua disusun berdasarkan rancangan acak kelompok dengan tiga ulangan dan jumlah benih setiap perlakuan sebanyak 50  benih lada. Pengamatan serangan penyakit dilakukan setiap bulan sampai umur benih empat bulan. Pengamatan pertumbuhan dilakukan sebanyak 20 benih yang ditentukan secara acak sederhana. Variabel pertumbuhan yang diamati adalah tinggi dan jumlah buku benih. Selanjutnya dilakukan analisis biaya pembenihan untuk mengetahui harga pokok benih lada. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa media tumbuh cocopit dan abu sekam baik sebagai media perkecambahan (viabilitas setek 100%), diikuti media campuran tanah dan pupuk kandang (viabilitas setek 94%), dan penyemprotan fungisida 9 hari sekali untuk menekan serangan penyakit. Hasil analisis ekonomi menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan teknologi media tumbuh + pupuk kandang dengan penyemprotan fungisida 9 hari sekali menghasilkan benih dengan harga pokok sebesar Rp 985,4, lebih murah (19,56%) dibandingkan penggunaan teknologi yang tidak tepat yang akan menghasilkan benih dengan harga pokok yang lebih mahal yaitu Rp 1.178,2.  Effects of Growing Media and Spraying Interval of Fungicide on Viability and Growth of Rooted Cuttings of Black Pepper and Its Cost PriceABSTRACT A research was established to assess the effects of growth medium and spraying interval of fungicide on viability and growth of rooted cuttings of black pepper as well as unit price of production of the cuttings. The research was carried out at Sukamulya, Sukabumi from January to December 2010. The research consists of two field experiments and an economic analysis of rooted-cutting production of the crop. The two of field experiments were:(1) Study of various growing media of rooted cuttings at nursery level. The objective of this study was to find out proper media giving the best viability of rooted cuttings; and (2) Study of spraying interval of fungicide to reduce risks of disease infestation on the cuttings, with its objective was to evaluate frequency of fungicide spraying being able to reduce risks of infestation. Growth variables observed were height of the cuttings and the number of cutting nodes, and disease incidences for 4 months. Infested cuttings were analyzed at a laboratorium to identify possible factors affecting the growth of cuttings. Whereas, an economic analysis was aimed to asses the effect of applied treatments which gave comparable benefits. The result showed that coco peat and rice husk ash were the best growth medium for cutting productions with viability of 100%, meanwhile the media of mixed soil and sheepdung resulted in lower viability (94%) than those of previous one. Fungicide spraying onto cutting nursery should be conducted at minimum 9 days interval to minimize the death of cuttings caused by disease attack. Based on the economic analysis, application of appropriate technologies would result more lower of spending unit price of cutting production of Rp.985.4 (19.56%) than inappropriate technologies (Rp.1,178.2).
Potensi Trichoderma spp. dalam Menekan Perkembangan Penyakit Busuk Pucuk Vanili di Pembibitan Taufiq, Efi
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 3, No 1 (2012): Buletin Riset Tanaman Rempah Dan Aneka Tanaman Industri
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Penyakit busuk pucuk vanili (BPV) yang disebabkan oleh Phytophthora capsici merupakan kendala pada pembibitan dan pertanaman vanili. Pengendalian penyakit umumnya menggunakan fungisida sintetik yang harganya mahal dan menyebabkan pencemaran lingkungan. Pengendalian penyakit dengan agens hayati sudah dikembangkan dan berhasil mengatasi penyakit busuk pangkal batang pada tanaman vanili.  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan isolat Trichoderma dari tanah, rizosfer dan jaringan tanaman vanili sebagai agens hayati terhadap P. capsici secara in vitro dan in vivo (pembibitan). Penelitian dilakukan di Laboratorium Mikologi Departemen Proteksi Tanaman IPB, Laboratorium Penyakit Balai Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Obat di Bogor, dan Rumah Kaca Balai Penelitian Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar di Sukabumi. Trichoderma spp. diisolasi dari risosfir dan jaringan tanaman vanili dari Serang, Sukabumi, dan Batu. Pengujian antagonisme in vitro dilakukan pada 17 isolat Trichoderma spp. menggunakan metode dual culture dan metode kertas cakram, sedangkan pengujian  in vivo dilakukan pada 6 isolat Trichoderma spp. menggunakan media jagung dan metode penyemprotan suspensi konidia agens hayati.  Peubah yang diamati adalah kejadian dan tingkat keparahan penyakit busuk pucuk pada vanili.  Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok dengan 3 ulangan.  Hasil penelitian diperoleh 114 isolat jamur; 97 dari rizosfir, 11 dari tajuk dan 6 dari akar (endofit).  Hasil pengujian patogenisitas menunjukkan bahwa 63 isolat bersifat patogenik  pada tanaman vanili (umumnya  genus Fusarium) dan 51 isolat  tidak patogenik (umumnya Trichoderma).  Daya hambat in vitro isolat Trichoderma spp. terhadap P. capsici berkisar antara 44,5-73,5%, sedangkan dengan metode cakram daya hambatnya  6,3-75%. Keefektifan 6 isolat Trichoderma spp. menekan perkembangan penyakit busuk pucuk pada bibit vanili berkisar antara 66,67-68,00%. Hasil penelitian mengindikasikan bahwa ada beberapa isolat Trichoderma spp yang berpotensi sebagai agens hayati untuk menekan perkembangan penyakit busuk pucuk vanili yang disebabkan oleh P. capsici.   Potential of Trichoderma spp. To suppress development of the shoot rot disease of vanilla in nurseriesABTRACT Shoot rot disease of vanilla (BPV) is caused by Phytophthora capsici is a constraint on the seedling and planting vanilla. Disease control generally use synthetic fungicides are expensive and cause environmental pollution. Disease control with biological agents has been developed and successfully overcome the base of the stem rot disease in vanilla plants. This study aims to obtain isolates of Trichoderma from soil, rhizosphere and plant tissue vanilla as a biological agent against P. capsici in vitro and in vivo (seedling). Mycological Research conducted at the Laboratory of Plant Protection Department of IPB, Laboratory Center for Disease Spices and Medicinal Plants Research in Bogor, and Greenhouse Crops Research Institute for Industry and freshening in Sukabumi. Trichoderma spp. isolated from plant tissue,  rizosphere and vanilla from Serang, Sukabumi, and Batu. Invitro antagonism test performed on 17 isolates of Trichoderma spp. using the dual culture method and the method of the paper disc, whereas in vivo tests carried out on six isolates of Trichoderma spp. using corn media and methods of spraying conidia suspensions of biological agents. Observed variable is the incidence and severity of shoot rot disease in vanilla. Research using randomized block design with three replications. The results obtained 114 isolates of the fungus; 97 of the rizosphere, 11 of the canopy and 6 of the root (Endophytic). The results of pathogenicity tests showed that 63 isolates are pathogenic on plants vanilla (generally  Fusarium) and 51 isolates were not pathogenic (generally  Trichoderma). The inhibition of in vitro isolates of Trichoderma spp. against P. capsici ranged from 44.5 to 73.5%, while the disc method hambatnya power from 6.3 to 75%. The effectiveness of six isolates of Trichoderma spp. suppress the development of bud rot disease in vanilla seeds ranged from 66.67 to 68.00%. The results indicate that some isolates of Trichoderma spp as potential biological agents to suppress the development of shoot rot disease of vanilla caused by P. capsici.
Keragaman Genetik Beberapa Genotipe Teh Berdasarkan Penanda RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA) Martono, Budi; Udarno, Laba
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 1, No 1 (2014): Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar
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Informasi keragaman genetik dan ketersediaan plasma nutfah teh (Camellia sinensis) diperlukan dalam perakitan varietas unggul. Keragaman genetik berdasarkan penanda DNA dapat memberikan hasil yang lebih konsisten karena tidak dipengaruhi lingkungan. Dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 9 genotipe teh dianalisis keragamannya menggunakan enam penanda RAPD (OPA 03, OPA 05, OPB 04, OPB 06, OPC 06, dan OPD 08). Penelitian dilakukan mulai bulan Maret sampai Mei 2013 di Laboratorium Terpadu Biotrop Bogor. Perhitungan koefisien kesamaan genetik dan analisis gerombol dilakukan dengan menggunakan perangkat lunak NTSYSpc versi 2.02. Sebanyak 54 lokus penanda RAPD berhasil diamplifikasi menggunakan enam primer dan 47 lokus di antaranya memiliki alel yang polimorfik (87,04%). Hasil analisis gerombol berdasarkan kesamaan genetiknya mengelompokkan 9 genotipe ke dalam enam kelompok. Empat kelompok (I, II, IV, V) masing-masing terdiri atas satu genotipe, sementara dua kelompok yang lain yaitu kelompok III dan VI masing-masing beranggotakan tiga dan dua genotipe.Kata Kunci: Camellia sinensis, diversitas genetik, penanda RAPDThe availability of diverse tea (Camellia sinensis) germplasms as well as the information about their genetic diversity is required for plant breeding program. Genetic diversity analysis based on DNA marker is known to be more effective since the markers provide more consistent results. In this study, nine tea genotypes were evaluated for their genetic diversity using six Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers (OPA 03, OPA 05, OPB 04, OPB 06, OPC 06, and OPD 08). The study was conducted from March to May 2013 in the Integrated Laboratory of Biotrop Bogor. The estimation of genetic similarity and the cluster analysis were done using NTSYSpc version 2.02. Of the six RAPD markers used in this study, a total of 54 RAPD marker loci have been successfully amplified. In which, 47 loci (87.04%) were polymorphic and subsequently used for the evaluation of tea genotypes. The results of cluster analysis showed that those tea genotypes were clustered into six groups. Each of four groups (I, II, IV, V) consisted of only one genotype. Meanwhile, the other two groups (III and VI) had three and two genotypes, respectively.
Karakterisasi Proses Vulkanisasi Minyak Jarak Kastor dan Evaluasi Mutu Hasil Faktis Cokelat Puspitasari, Santi; Cifriadi, Adi
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 4, No 2 (2013): Buletin Riset Tanaman Rempah dan Aneka Tanaman Industri
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Faktis cokelat yang berfungsi sebagai bahan bantu olah kompon karet disintesis melalui reaksi vulkanisasi minyak nabati pada suhu tinggi. Kebutuhan faktis cokelat untuk industri barang jadi karet domestik dipenuhi dari impor. Penelitian ini bertujuan mempelajari proses pembuatan dan evaluasi mutu faktis cokelat dari minyak jarak kastor pada skala laboratorium. Penelitian telah dilaksanakan pada periode bulan Januari hingga April 2013 di Laboratorium Pusat Penelitian Karet, Bogor. Tahapan dalam percobaan diawali dengan netralisasi minyak jarak kastor menggunakan larutan NaOH 140Be. Minyak jarak kastor ternetralisasi selanjutnya direaksikan dengan ZnO (0 dan 0,2 gram) dan sulfur (50 gram) pada berbagai suhu (150, 160, 170 oC). Faktis cokelat yang diperoleh dievaluasi mutunya meliputi visualisasi fisik, sifat kimia, derajat ikatan silang, dan FTIR. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa kondisi optimum reaksi vulkanisasi diperoleh pada suhu 170 oC dengan dosis penambahan ZnO sebesar 0,2 gram. Pada kondisi tersebut diperoleh faktis cokelat yang memiliki spesifikasi mutu setara dengan faktis cokelat komersial mutu III.Kata Kunci: Karet, minyak jarak kastor, faktis cokelatBrown factice has a fuction as rubber processing aid. Brown factice is syhtesized by vulcanization of vegetable oil at high themperature. Imported brown factice fullfil the needs of domestic rubber goods industries. The objective of this research was to studied the syhtesis and quality characterization of brown factice from Castor oil at laboratory scale. Research has been carried out from January to April 2013 in the Laboratory of Rubber Research Center, Bogor. The study was began with neutralization of castor oil with NaOH 140Be. The neutralized castor oil was reacted with ZnO (0 and 0.2 grams) and sulphur (50 grams) at varoius themperature (150, 160, and 170 oC). The brown factice then charcterized its quality included physical quality, chemical properties, crosslink density, and FTIR. The result showed that the optimum condition of vulcanization was at 170 oC and 0.2 grams of ZnO addition. This condition produced brown factice quality which equal to commercial brown factice grade III.
EVALUASI KETAHANAN SEPULUH AKSESI JAMBU METE TERHADAP PENYAKIT BUSUK AKAR FUSARIUM Supriadi, Handi; Taufik, Efi; Harni, Rita
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 2, No 2 (2011): Buletin Riset Tanaman Rempah Dan Aneka Tanaman Industri
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

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Abstract

Evaluation of resistancies of ten accessions of cashew to fusarium root rot disease. Cashew is a commodity that has an important role in improving the welfare of farmers, especially in areas with dry climates and poor nutrients. One obstacle in the development of cashew nut is the presence of Fusarium  attacks that can shut down the plant in the nursery. Research evaluation of resistancies of ten accessions of cashew against Fusarium root rot disease, which aimed to get the accessions that resistant to Fusarium root rotdisease has been conducted in the Laboratory and Greenhouse of Indonesian Spices and Industrial Crops Rresearch Institute (ISICRI) January to December 2009. Research using completely randomized design with 10 treatments and three replications. Treatments were the type of accsession namely Arsyad Labone, Sri Lanka,JT-21, Laode Head, Laode Gani, Sleman Red, Nigeria, Laode Kase, JN 26, NDR-31. The result obtained one cashew accessions highly resistant namely JN-26, and two accessions that resistant that is Laode Gani, and Sleman Red with root rot disease incidence of each 0; 6.67, and 9.52% at the age of two months after inoculation.

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