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Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik
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Articles 9,440 Documents
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STRATEGI DINAS SOSIAL DALAM PENANGANAN GELANDANGAN DAN PENGEMIS DI KOTA PEKANBARU TAHUN 2022-2024 Sigit Mulyono; Baskoro Wicaksono
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Vol 12: Edisi I Januari - Juni 2025
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Universitas Riau

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Abstract

The issue of homeless individuals and beggars in Pekanbaru City remains a complex social problem, although it has shown a declining trend during the 2022–2024 period. This study aims to analyze the strategies implemented by the Pekanbaru City Social Service in addressing homelessness and begging. This research employs Mintzberg’s (1994) Strategic Planning theory, particularly the concepts of deliberate strategy and emergent strategy, as well as the government strategy framework proposed by Geoff Mulgan (2009), which includes the aspects of environment, action, and learning. This study uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive research design. Data collection techniques include interviews and documentation, involving informants from the Social Service, Municipal Police (Satpol PP), and other related stakeholders. Data analysis is conducted through data collection, data condensation, data display, and conclusion drawing. The findings indicate that the implemented strategies include enforcement operations, social assessment, temporary guidance, and repatriation. Although the number of homeless individuals and beggars has decreased, the implementation of these strategies remains suboptimal, as it tends to focus more on short-term handling rather than sustainable empowerment. In addition, internal constraints such as limited human resources and facilities, as well as external factors such as high mobility of migrants and low public awareness, continue to hinder effectiveness. In conclusion, while the strategies have been implemented, they require strengthening in terms of prevention, empowerment, and cross-sectoral coordination to achieve more effective and sustainable outcomes. Keywords: government strategy, social rehabilitation, social welfare, homelessness, begging.
UPAYA LEMBAGA ADAT MELAYU (LAM) RIAU DALAM MEMPERJUANGKAN PANTUN SEBAGAI WARISAN BUDAYA TAKBENDA DUNIA Firdaus Kamil; Ahmad Jamaan
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Vol. 13: Edisi II Juli - Desember 2026
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Universitas Riau

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Abstract

This study examines the efforts of the Riau Malay Custom Institution (Lembaga Adat Melayu Riau/LAM Riau) in promoting and safeguarding Malay Pantun until it was officially recognized by UNESCO as an Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity in 2020. Pantun is one of the most important forms of Malay oral literature, embodying moral values, customs, politeness, and cultural identity. However, the rapid development of globalization, the influence of popular culture, and changes in communication patterns have gradually reduced the use of pantun in everyday life. This condition encouraged LAM Riau, as an institution dedicated to preserving Malay culture, to take an active role in revitalizing and promoting pantun at both the national and international levels. The objectives of this study are to explain the role of pantun in Malay society, examine the institutional framework of LAM Riau, and analyze the strategies employed by LAM Riau in advocating for pantun’s recognition as an Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. This research employs a qualitative method, utilizing library research and interviews as data collection techniques. The analysis is conducted through the perspectives of Constructivism, Norm Entrepreneur Theory, and the concept of Ethnic Identity. The findings reveal that LAM Riau acted as a norm entrepreneur by actively raising awareness of the importance of preserving pantun as a core element of Malay cultural identity. Through framing strategies, cultural advocacy, academic documentation, community mobilization, collaboration with local and national governments, cultural organizations, and joint nomination efforts with Malaysia, LAM Riau successfully promoted international recognition of pantun. The inscription of pantun on UNESCO’s Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity on 17 December 2020 demonstrates the success of LAM Riau’s cultural diplomacy efforts and reinforces the position of Malay cultural identity on the global stage. Keywords: Pantun, LAM Riau, Intangible Culture Heritage, Diplomacy, UNESCO
PROSES PERUMUSAN PERATURAN WALIKOTA PEKANBARU NOMOR 02 TAHUN 2025 TENTANG PENINJAUAN TARIF RETRIBUSI JASA UMUM ATAS PELAYANAN PARKIR DI TEPI JALAN UMUM M. Athila Juliansyah; Asiah Wasillah
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Vol. 13: Edisi II Juli - Desember 2026
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Universitas Riau

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Abstract

Public service levies on on-street parking constitute a source of regional revenue that is inherently tied to the delivery of public services. This study aims to describe the formulation process of Pekanbaru Mayor Regulation Number 02 of 2025 concerning the Review of Public Service Levy Rates for On-Street Parking Services. The research employs a qualitative approach with a case study design. The analysis uses William N. Dunn's five stages of the public policy process, namely agenda setting, policy formulation, policy adoption, policy implementation, and policy assessment; however, given the study's focus on the process preceding the enactment of the policy, the analysis is limited to the first three stages. Data were collected through in-depth interviews and documentation, and were further elaborated with secondary data comprising regulations, parking levy revenue figures, locally-generated revenue data, parking management and zoning data, and public complaints. The findings indicate that the rate review agenda emerged from the interaction between the government's evaluation of the previous policy, public aspirations, the operational conditions of parking services, and the opportunity for rate review provided by Presidential Regulation Number 35 of 2023. During the formulation stage, the Transportation Agency as the initiating body conducted studies and data collection, the draft was discussed with relevant regional apparatus, and it then underwent harmonization by the Ministry of Law and facilitation by the Riau Provincial Government. In the adoption stage, the decision to lower the rates was formalized into a Mayor Regulation after considering public affordability, legal certainty, the interests of operators and parking attendants, and the sustainability of regional revenue. The study finds that while the formulation process fulfilled the required legal and administrative stages, the participation of directly affected groups was not fully balanced, and measurable indicators of policy success have not yet been formulated. Keywords: Policy Formulation Process, Mayoral Regulation, Parking Levy, Pekanbaru City
STRATEGI KAMBOJA DALAM MENDATANGKAN INVESTASI ASING ASAL TIONGKOK DI SEKTOR PERJUDIAN KASINO T. Muhammad Alif Rifky; Indra Pahlawan
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Vol. 13: Edisi I Januari - Juni 2026
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Universitas Riau

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Abstract

This study aims to examine and understand how the government of Cambodia designs and implements economic-political strategies to attract foreign investment, particularly from China, in the gambling sector. Sihanoukville serves as the primary focus of this research. The main research question addressed is how Cambodia’s national strategy facilitates the inflow of Chinese foreign investment into the casino gambling industry in Sihanoukville. This research employs a descriptive qualitative approach using a literature study method, drawing on books, academic jurnals, official reports, scholarly articles, and publications from relevant international institutions. The analythical perspective adopted is neoliberalism at the nation-state level of analysis, while the theoretical framework is based on neoliberal institutionalism, particulary the approach developed by Robert Keohane, to analyze investment policies. The findings indicate that Cambodia’s strategy in attracting Chinese foreign investment in the casino gambling sector is the result of a combination of economic liberalization, the strengthening of bilateral regulations. The casino industry functions not only as a source of state revenue but also as a tool of economic diplomacy and national development, integrated with the tourism sector, infrastructure development, and special economic zones, particularly in Sihanoukville. Keywords: : Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), Special Economic Zone (SEZ), Bilateral Cooperation, Development Strategy.
PERAN UNICEF DALAM UPAYA PENCEGAHAN PERNIKAHAN ANAK MELALUI PROGRAM BERANI DI INDONESIA TAHUN 2018-2023 Laurensia Vianney; Saiman '
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Vol. 13: Edisi I Januari - Juni 2026
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Universitas Riau

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Abstract

Child marriage remains a serious issue in Indonesia despite various government policies aimed at reducing its prevalence. The practice is influenced by poverty, limited access to education, inadequate reproductive health services, and persisting social and cultural norms. This study aims to analyze the role of UNICEF in preventing child marriage in Indonesia through the BERANI Program during the 2018–2023 period. The findings show that UNICEF performed three roles within the BERANI Program. As an instrument, UNICEF provided technical support and capacity building for program implementation. As an actor, UNICEF promoted changes in approaches and social norms. As an arena, UNICEF facilitated cooperation and dialogue among stakeholders. The BERANI Program contributed to improving adolescents' knowledge, strengthening reproductive health services, and raising public awareness, although it still faces challenges related to limited coverage and varying regional conditions. Keywords: UNICEF, Child Marriage, BERANI Program, International Organization
KERJASAMA PEMERINTAH KABUPATEN LANGKAT DAN PROJECT WINGS DALAM PROGRAM RECYCLING VILLAGE DI BUKIT LAWANG SUMATERA UTARA M. Habib Alfaridzi Khairuddin; Irwan Iskandar
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Vol. 13: Edisi II Juli - Desember 2026
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Universitas Riau

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Abstract

Bukit Lawang, the main gateway to Gunung Leuser National Park and a UNESCO World Heritage in Danger site since 2011, faces a structural waste crisis caused by the limited capacity of the Langkat Regency Government to manage tourism waste independently and sustainably. This qualitative case study analyzes the root environmental problems, the form of cooperation, and the implementation of the Recycling Village program between the Langkat Regency Government and Project Wings, using in-depth interviews with six key informants, participatory observation, and document analysis across the 2020-2025 period, analyzed through Keohane and Nye's Complex Interdependence framework. Findings show the crisis stems from a triple institutional misfit (spatial, temporal, and functional), that cooperation was informal for five years (2020-2025) and highly asymmetrical in financing yet persists due to distributed asymmetrical interdependence, and that the program converted more than 35 tons of plastic waste into over 70,000 ecobricks used to build eight functional structures. The study concludes that a complementary, interest-based transnational partnership effectively fills local government's capacity gap in managing environmental issues bound to an international accountability regime. Keywords: transnational cooperation, complex interdependence, waste management, World Heritage Site, Recycling Village, Bukit Lawang.
PERAN INTERNATIONAL LABOUR ORGANIZATION DALAM MENGUPAYAKAN PEMENUHAN HAK PEKERJA DI SEKTOR INDUSTRI GARMEN DAN TEKSTIL ETHIOPIA DALAM PROGRAM SIRAYE PERIODE 2019-2024 Muhamad Jaya Sampurna; Ahmad Fuadi
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Vol. 13: Edisi II Juli - Desember 2026
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Universitas Riau

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Abstract

Ethiopia’s garment and textile industry has developed as part of the country’s industrialization strategy and efforts to increase foreign investment, but continues to face challenges in fulfilling workers’ rights, particularly regarding wages, working hours, and occupational safety and health (OSH). These conditions encouraged the International Labour Organization (ILO), together with national tripartite partners, to implement the ONEILO-SIRAYE Programme since 2019 to promote decent work and strengthen worker protection. This research employs a qualitative method using documentary study and is based on international organization theory, positioning the ILO as an actor with the capacity to provide technical assistance, training, capacity building, and social dialogue facilitation. A constructivist perspective is used to understand the process of socialization of labour standards. The findings show that through the SIRAYE Programme, the ILO has performed a facilitative, collaborative, and multi-level role through interventions targeting government, enterprises, workers, and trade unions. These interventions contributed to improvements in working conditions, including a reduction in working hours to 8.5 hours and chemical exposure from 33% to 18%. However, the ILO’s role remains partial due to the absence of an approved national minimum wage policy, non-compliance with overtime and OSH provisions, armed conflict, the COVID-19 pandemic, and high worker turnover. Thus, SIRAYE has contributed to building institutional capacity and establishing foundations for the sustainable protection of workers’ rights. Keywords: International Labour Organization, Workers’ Rights, Garment and Textile Industry, SIRAYE Programme, Ethiopia
ANALISIS KEBIJAKAN PEMERINTAH POLANDIA DALAM MENGHADAPI IMIGRAN ILEGAL TAHUN 2021-2024 Reindhard Juliantonius Simamora; Tuah Kalti Takwa
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Vol. 13: Edisi I Januari - Juni 2026
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Universitas Riau

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Abstract

This study analyzes the policies of the Polish government in addressing irregular migration during the period 2021–2024. The main focus of this research is to understand how Poland responds to the increasing flow of migrants, particularly those involving illegal entry and illegal stay. This period is significant due to the rise in migration pressure, especially following the Poland–Belarus border crisis in 2021. This research uses a qualitative method with a descriptive-analytical approach. Data were collected through literature review, including official documents from the Polish government, European Union reports, and publications from international organizations. The analysis examines the relationship between migration dynamics and the policies implemented by the Polish government. The findings show that Poland has adopted relatively restrictive policies in dealing with irregular migration, such as strengthening border control, building physical barriers along its borders, and rejecting the European Union’s migrant relocation mechanism. These policies are largely based on considerations of national security, state sovereignty, and domestic political pressures.obstacles. Keywords: Migration policy, Irregular migration, National security
IMPLEMENTASI ASEAN FRAMEWORK ON MARINE DEBRIS DALAM PENANGANAN SAMPAH LAUT DI INDONESIA STUDI KASUS: LABUAN BAJO Siti Fatimah Azzahra; Indra Pahlawan
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Vol. 13: Edisi II Juli - Desember 2026
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Universitas Riau

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Abstract

This study analyzes the implementation of the ASEAN Framework of Action on Marine Debris regarding marine debris management in Labuan Bajo. It employs a qualitative method using a case study approach, utilizing secondary data such as official ASEAN documents, government policies, institutional reports, and scholarly literature. The analysis draws upon the perspectives of Liberal Institutionalism and International Regime Theory. The findings indicate that the implementation of the ASEAN Framework of Action on Marine Debris in Labuan Bajo is reflected in the alignment of the Framework’s action directives with marine debris management policies and programs at both national and local levels. This implementation encompasses policy and planning support, research and capacity building, public education and awareness-raising, and private sector engagement. The implementation does not occur through a single program formally bearing the name "ASEAN Framework," but rather through the application and integration of the Framework’s action directives within various marine debris management efforts in Labuan Bajo. Keywords: ASEAN Framework of Action on Marine Debris, Marine Debris, Labuan Bajo.
IMPLEMENTASI UNIVERSAL HEALTH COVERAGE (UHC) BERDASARKAN PERATURAN WALIKOTA PEKANBARU NOMOR 12 TAHUN 2023 MENGENAI JAMINAN KESEHATAN Adila Listya Wulandari; Auradian Marta
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Vol. 13: Edisi II Juli - Desember 2026
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Universitas Riau

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Abstract

This study aims to analyze the implementation of Universal Health Coverage (UHC) in Pekanbaru City based on Pekanbaru Mayor Regulation Number 12 of 2023. The study employed a descriptive qualitative approach in Pekanbaru City. In this study, UHC is understood as a health coverage objective, while the local policy examined is the Pekanbaru Bertuah Health Insurance (JKPB) program as an implementation of Mayor Regulation Number 12 of 2023. The analysis uses George C. Edward III's policy implementation framework consisting of communication, resources, disposition, and bureaucratic structure. The findings indicate that communication has been carried out through the Pekanbaru City Government, Health Office, BPJS Health, health facilities, and community-level officials, although some residents still have limited understanding of membership procedures and invalid population data. In terms of resources, implementation is supported by local government financing, cost-sharing arrangements, and implementing resources; however, budget figures reported by different informants need to be distinguished according to their source. The disposition dimension shows a strong commitment to sustaining the program and expanding coverage. The bureaucratic structure reflects a division of roles among the local government, Health Office, BPJS Health, and health facilities, although administrative and referral-procedure constraints remain. Overall, implementation based on Mayor Regulation Number 12 of 2023 is fairly good but not yet fully optimal due to remaining issues in communication, population-data validity, financing coordination, and service procedures.. Keywords: Policy Implementation, Universal Health Coverage (UHC).

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