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Dinia R Dwijayanti,
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Biotropika
Published by Universitas Brawijaya
ISSN : 23027282     EISSN : 25498703     DOI : 10.21776/ub.biotropika.
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology
Biotropika: Journal of Tropical Biology invites research articles, short communication, and reviews describing new findings/phenomena of biological sciences in tropical regions, specifically in the following subjects, but not limited to biotechnology, biodiversity, microbiology, botany, zoology, biosystematics, ecology, and environmental sciences.
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Articles 554 Documents
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Identification of Mudskipper Species in Mangrove Area of Luwu Timur, Luwu Utara, and Wajo South Sulawesi Indonesia Darojat, Annisa Zakiyah; Marhendra, Agung Pramana Warih; Kurniawan, Nia
Biotropika: Journal of Tropical Biology Vol. 11 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.biotropika.2023.011.02.02

Abstract

Mudskipper is amphibious fish that inhabited sandy beaches, mudflat, and mangrove areas. This fish is euryhaline because of its tolerance to varying salinity as well as pH, temperature, conductivity, and dissolved oxygen. This study aimed to identify the taxonomy status of mudskipper in Banua Pangka Mangrove Ecotourism, Seta-Seta Beach, and Masiae River, it was expected to be additional information used as a basis for management and benefaction in taxonomic and ecological aspects. The sampling method of this study was purposive sampling. Morphological identification was carried out by observing morphometric and meristic character. The result found two mudskipper species from three sampling sites, namely Periophthalmus argentilineatus and Periophthalmodon freycineti. Water quality parameter values at three sampling locations were within the optimal range for mudskipper species according to the previous study. The temperatures ranged from 28-33 Celsius, the dissolved oxygen ranged from 2.04-6.74 mg/L, the pH ranged from 6.57-7.1, conductivity ranged from 3.47-41.2 mS/cm, and the salinity ranged from 1.7-2.58 per-mille.
In silico Exploration of Bioactive Compounds from Withania somnifera as Inhibitor for Alpha Delta Bungarotoxin of Bungarus candidus Venom Prabasari, Kartika; Kurnianingsih, Nia; Kurniawan, Nia
Biotropika: Journal of Tropical Biology Vol. 11 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.biotropika.2023.011.02.01

Abstract

The antivenom for Malayan krait (Bungarus candidus) venom has not yet been available in Indonesia, leading to many fatal snakebite cases. Alternative treatment approaches using medicinal plants are needed to be explored. This study investigated the potential of medicinal plants’ natural bioactive compounds as toxic alpha-delta bungarotoxin protein inhibitors in B. candidus venom. The approach taken is using the 3D structure of the alpha-delta protein of bungarotoxin B. candidus predicted by SWISS-MODEL. Knapsack Family Database and PubChem were used for bioactive compounds datamining. ADME analysis and drug-likeness of the compounds were carried out with SWISS-ADME. Docking between alpha-delta-Bungarotoxin protein and bioactive compounds was carried out with Pyrx 0.9.5. Visualization of docking results was performed with PyMOL and Discovery Studio 2016 was used to evaluate docking interactions. The docking results showed that a compound with the potential inhibitor of alpha-delta bungarotoxin came from Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) with a binding energy ranging from -6.6 to -6.9. The compound with the best inhibitor potential, namely withanolide D, was seen from the stability of the interaction based on hydrogen bonding at three amino acid residues: THR59, SER62, and THR63. The evaluation is supported by the results of molecular dynamics simulations which show stability in almost all aspects. Our results suggest the potential for exploratory research in the field of bioinformatics related to bioactive compounds from herbal plants as an alternative to antivenom.
Microplastic Contamination in Waters and Sediments in the Selorejo Reservoir, Malang Regency, East Java Prahardika, Bayu Agung; Akbar, Iqbal Fatkhul; Muzammil, Muhammad Imam
Biotropika: Journal of Tropical Biology Vol. 11 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.biotropika.2023.011.02.06

Abstract

Microplastic waste particles are a new contamination material in aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. Heaps of garbage and fishing activities around residential areas are examples of anthropogenic activities around the Selorejo Reservoir and can potentially become sources of microplastic contamination. This research aims to observe the presence of microplastic contamination type and its abundance in water and sediment samples taken from the Selorejo Reservoir. The purposive sampling method was applied at five different stations, including the Konto River inlet, Kwayangan River inlet, residential area (kauman hamlet), tourism area, and reservoir outlets. Each station has three transects (as replicates), and about 100 liters of water and 1000 grams of sediment were taken. Water and sediment samples were then destruction using 30% H2O2 acid and 30% H2SO4 to remove organic components that were still attached and later facilitated observation under a stereo microscope with a magnification of 400X to make it clearer. All types of microplastics found were then counted based on their respective numbers. The analysis results showed that there was microplastic contamination in the reservoir water samples at each station. The highest abundance of microplastics was successively found in the Konto River inlet with a total abundance value of 39.27x101 particles/liter, then in the residential area (kauman hamlet) a number of 35.34x101 particles/liter, tourist areas 33.67x101 particles/liter, outlet 30.36x101 particles/liter and Kwayangan river inlet 29.67x101 particles/liter. Meanwhile, the presence of microplastics was also found in reservoir sediment samples. The highest abundance of microplastics was also found in sediments in the Selorejo Reservoir originating from the Konto River inlet with a total abundance value of 3.68 particles/gram, then in the tourist area 2.08 particles/gram, in the Kwayangan River inlet 1.56 particles/gram, in the residential area a number of 1.2 particles/gram and outlets 1.12 particles/gram. The types of microplastic found in the waters of the Selorejo Reservoir include fibers, fragments, and filaments. While the types of microplastics found in Selorejo Reservoir sediments include fibers, fragments, filaments, and films. This result is related to the existence of various community activities which are sources of microplastic contamination.
Ethnobotany of Medicinal Plants of the Sumba Trible in Central Sumba Regency, East Nusa Tenggara Timur Ariski Vevi Liswandari; Sulisetijono; Frida Kunti Setiowati
Biotropika: Journal of Tropical Biology Vol. 11 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.biotropika.2023.011.02.03

Abstract

The Sumba tribe is a local community that inhabits Sumba Island, one of which is in Central Sumba Regency. The majority of the people of the Sumba Tribe still have close interactions with nature, one of which is still using plants used for traditional medicine. This traditional medicine has been carried out for a long time and has become a tradition passed down from generation to generation in the customs of the Sumba people. This study aims to determine the diversity of plant species used for medicine by the Sumba people, the Use Value Index per species (UVs), and the Index of Cultural Significance (ICS) of medicinal plants in Central Sumba Regency. This study used the snowball sampling method by conducting open-ended interviews. The results of this study have found a diversity of plants that have potential as medicine. It is known that there are 116 species of medicinal plants used by the people of the Sumba tribe for medication. Medicinal plants can be found in the yard of the house. Based on the analysis of UVs, it was found that the species with the highest use value (Andrographis paniculata Ness), had the highest UVs (5.60), while for the ICS analysis, papaya (Carica papaya L.) had the highest ICS value (850).
Study of Flavonoid in Apium graveolens L. as a Kirsten Rat Sarcoma Protein Inhibitor in Colorectal Cancer Based on In Silico Study Abdullah, Abdullah; Putri, Nenis Try Melani; Rosyadah, Nuraini; Ramadhani, Putri; Putri, Siti Aqila Kharisma; Widyananda, Muhammad Hermawan; Kurniawan, Nia; Fatchiyah, Fatchiyah
Biotropika: Journal of Tropical Biology Vol. 11 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.biotropika.2023.011.02.07

Abstract

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is considered the second deadliest cancer, mainly caused by the mutation of Kirsten Rat Sarcoma (KRAS) type G12D; it’s still undruggable. Flavonoids are secondary metabolites in celery, consisting of apigenin, luteolin, quercetin, and kaempferol. This study aims to analyse the most potential flavonoid compounds in Apium graveolens L. as KRAS inhibitors in CRC with in-silico. This study starts by collecting the 3D structure, Compound ID, formula, and canonical SMILES of compounds from PubChem and the 3D structure of KRAS G12D from the RCSB-PDB. Ligand and protein preparations using OpenBabel PyRx and Biovia Discovery Studio 2019. The SwissADME web server is used to analyse drug-likeness, the PassOnline web server is used to analyse biological activity, docked using PyRx VinaWizard, and visualisation by Biovia Discovery Studio 2019. RMSD and RMSF values were obtained by analysing binding stability with the YASARA application. The molecular docking test showed that chrysoeriol, luteolin, and apigenin have the highest binding affinity and advance to molecular dynamic test. Results of the molecular dynamic showed that chrysoeriol could potentially inhibit the KRAS protein drug in CRC since it also had the lowest toxicity and the strongest binding affinity to the KRAS.
Isolation and Identification of Mercury-Resistant Fungi as Bioremediation Agents from Gold Mining Sahana, Laudy Arrisa Arumsari; Mohamad , Yani; Rohani Cinta Badia Br , Ginting
Biotropika: Journal of Tropical Biology Vol. 12 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.biotropika.2024.012.02.01

Abstract

To overcome the pollution problem due to the accumulation of heavy metal Hg, a clean-up or remediation effort is needed from the former landfill for hazardous and toxic waste.  In this research, bioremediation experiments will be conducted by inoculating fungi culture that is already known to have the potential to absorb heavy metals Hg. Samples of soil contaminated with heavy metals Hg taken from the tailings of gold mining owned by the people in Kertajaya Village, Simpenan District, Sukabumi Regency. The stages of this study consisted of isolation of fungi, purification and morphology of fungi isolate, screening of fungi isolate, qualitative screening of fungi for ligninolytic activity (laccase), and molecular identification of the isolated fungi. The results of the screening showed that three isolates of potential fungi coded M.2, M.10, and M.13 were able to grow with a mercury concentration of 350 ppm, while one isolate coded R4.28 reached a concentration of 1000 ppm. In addition, isolate M.2 was selected as the best strain compared to isolates M.10, M.13, and R4.28 for the qualitative test of laccase production in ligninolytic enzymes. Based on the molecular analysis of the 18S rRNA gene, M.2 isolates were similar to Trichoderma yunnanense, which was strengthened by a similarity value of 99.66%. Isolate R4.28 was similar to Penicillium soli, which was strengthened by a similarity value of 99.32%.
Digestive Enzymatic Activity Profiles and Larval Growth Performance of Barramundi, Lates calcarifer (Bloch, 1790), From Indonesian and Australian Broodstocks Wibawa, Gigih Setia; Haryanti, Haryanti; Kurniawan, Nia
Biotropika: Journal of Tropical Biology Vol. 12 No. 3 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.biotropika.2024.012.03.02

Abstract

Barramundi fish is one of the most important aquaculture commodities, with cultivation challenges closely related to its survival and growth. There is still a lack of information on digestive enzymatic activity profiles and larval growth, and the use of Australian brooders rather than Indonesian brooders is still frequent. This study aims to investigate digestive enzymatic activity profiles and their correlation to the growth performance of barramundi larvae, Lates calcarifer (Bloch, 1790), originating from Indonesia and Australia. The digestive enzyme activity profile was evaluated using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). First, larvae were reared in captivity till day 20 (20 dah). During this rearing, measurements of length and weight growth were done every day. Experiment data shows Australian fish larvae were greater than that of the Indonesian. Their digestive enzyme activity also confirmed that Australian larvae had more activity than Indonesian larvae.
Effect of Aeration Period and Co-Culture with Bacteria on Growth and Lipid Profile of Chlorella vulgaris Khaq, Rizki Amalia Nurul; Rohman, Fatchur; Lukiati, Betty; Prabaningtyas, Sitoresmi
Biotropika: Journal of Tropical Biology Vol. 12 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.biotropika.2024.012.02.02

Abstract

Giving bacteria to microalgae culture can increase the growth of microalgae. Giving aeration can increase oxygen levels in the culture. Good culture conditions can optimize microalgae growth, so the biomass obtained is also higher. The amount of microalgae biomass is directly proportional to the amount of lipids produced. This study aims to determine the effect of the aeration period and the addition of potential bacteria on the growth and lipid profile of Chlorella vulgaris. The aeration periods were 6, 12, 18, and 24 hours. The bacteria used in the co-culture treatment of this study were indole acetic acid (IAA) producing bacteria, amylolytic bacteria, and nitrogen-fixing bacteria from the exploration and identification of several lakes in East Java. Microalgae C. vulgaris co-cultured with IAA, amylolytic and nitrogen-fixing bacteria were given aeration for 6 hours, 12 hours, 18 hours and 24 hours (in different treatment bottles). Microalgae treatment without giving bacteria is done only by giving aeration for 6 hours, 12 hours, 18 hours, and 24 hours (in different treatment bottles). The results showed that there was effect of the aeration period, the culture type, and the interaction between the aeration period and the addition of bacteria on the growth and lipid profile of C. vulgaris. The highest average cell density of C. vulgaris on day 16 was TBA18 mono-culture treatment with an aeration period of 18 hours (26.95 x 106 cells/mL), and BTA co-culture treatment without aeration (12.75 x 106 cells/mL). The harvested biomass of C. vulgaris was used for lipid profile assays. The results of the GC-MS test of TBA18 and BTA treatment showed that the two samples had the same six main compounds but different concentrations. The six compounds are oleic acid, palmitoleic acid, ?-linolenic acid, linoleic acid, stearidonic acid and myristic acid.
Computational Insight on Bioactive Compound Potential Activity of Kenitu (Chrysophyllum cainito L.) Leaves as PPAR-y Antagonist for Obesity Rosyada, Nabila Nur; Andyni, Regina Shania; Alvionita, Cicin Vinolia; Narwasthu, Sekararum; Adawiyah, Robiatul; Hermanto, Feri Eko; Kurniawan, Nia; Fatchiyah, Fatchiyah
Biotropika: Journal of Tropical Biology Vol. 12 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.biotropika.2024.012.02.03

Abstract

Studies reported that kenitu (Chrysophyllum cainito) has the potential as an anti-obesity agent. However, the mechanism underlying that activity remains unknown. On the other hand, targeting PPAR-y has played a beneficial role in regulating obesity. Therefore, this study will explain the anti-obesity potential of natural compounds from C. cainito in modulating obesity through inhibition of PPAR-y. Molecular docking was employed to identify the possibility of several compounds binding with the PPAR-y. Moreover, the stability of the interaction between PPAR-y and each compound was also evaluated using molecular dynamics analysis. The result showed that beta-sitosterol, lupeol, myricitrin, quercitrin, rutin, vitamin A, epicatechin, and chlorogenic acid are worthy of potential as PPAR-y antagonists. In advance, molecular dynamics simulations revealed that chlorogenic acid, quercitrin, and epicatechin were the most stable compounds to interact as an inhibitor of PPAR-y. In conclusion, compounds from star apple have some potential to improve the health status of patients’ obesity through PPAR-y antagonist activity.
Abundance and Phylogenetic Analysis of High-Density Polyethylene (HDPE) Biodegrading Bacteria from Brantas River, Malang City Wiratno, Ekwan Nofa; Sandra Wardani, Erika; Agustin, Nurmalita
Biotropika: Journal of Tropical Biology Vol. 12 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.biotropika.2024.012.02.06

Abstract

Microplastic pollution has become a global concern after the COVID-19 pandemic. This requires efforts to resolve the various adverse effects of microplastic pollution in the aquatic environment. This study aimed to isolate, enumerate, and determine the potency of microplastic biodegrading bacteria from the Brantas River, Malang City. This research includes environmental factor measures, bacterial isolation, enumeration, biodegradation would be produced (qualitative and quantitative), DNA isolation, PCR, sequencing, phylogenetic analysis, and data analysis. The environmental conditions of the sampling locations are generally homogeneous. The river temperature observed ranged from 24.1 to 27.2 °C. Research locations that have acidity ranging from 7.35 to 8.16. The salinity of the Brantas River ranges from 205-306 ppm or 0.0205-0.306%. The conductivity of the Brantas River ranges from 410-612 µS/cm. Isolation produced six different bacterial isolates. The amount of each isolate varies in each sample. A qualitative microplastic biodegradation test was indicated by the growth of colonies in the plastic area. This result shows that the bacterial isolate uses plastic as a carbon source. All isolates grow around plastic. Quantitative tests using HDPE sheets show that not all isolates can biodegrade microplastics. Bacterial isolates capable of biodegrading were isolates K2 (5.41%), K22 (5.16%), and K5 (6.69%). Based on phylogenetic analysis, it is known that isolate K2 has a similarity of 36.4% to ON845428.1 Klebsiella sp. strain 214 37 z 3, and ON845427.1 Klebsiella sp. strain 213 37 z 1. Isolate K2 has a distance score of 1.268 to MZ642649.1 Klebsiella variicola strain PDW768. Isolate K22 has a similarity of 36.8% with KT895299.1 Enterobacter cloacae strain Jilu WG154. The distance score of isolate K22 showed values of 1.179 and 1.156 against MH796357.1 Enterobacter sp. strain 3C, and OQ813771.1 Enterobacter cloacae strain TBMAX59. Similarity and distance score values consistently showed that isolates K2 and K22 were not identified at the genus level. These two isolates have the potential to be recognized as new species.

Page 51 of 56 | Total Record : 554

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