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INDONESIA
Jurnal Ilmu Kimia Universitas Brawijaya
Published by Universitas Brawijaya
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 214 Documents
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KINETIKA REAKSI FERMENTASI GLUKOSA HASIL HIDROLISIS PATI BIJI DURIAN MENJADI ETANOL Salsabila, Usyqi; Mardiana, Diah; Indahyanti, Ellya
Jurnal Ilmu Kimia Universitas Brawijaya Vol 2, No 1 (2013)
Publisher : Jurusan Kimia, FMIPA Universitas Brawijaya

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Abstract

Ethanol can be produced by glucose fermentation process using Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The potential source of glucose is starch of durian seed. This research studies about determine the kinetics model of ethanol fermentation of glucose and to identify the physical properties of ethanol produced. Glucose fermentation using Saccharomyces cerevisiae for 72 hours at various initial concentrations of 20, 40, 60 and 80 ppm has been conducted. After ethanol produced was reacted with potassium dichromate using Conway crucible. It was then analyzed by UV-Vis spectrophotometer at 605 nm. The physical properties of ethanol determined were density and refraction index. The result showed that the kinetics model of ethanol fermentation obtained was accordance with  = -0,0011  + 0,0002 equation. As for Michaelis-Menten (Km) constant was 5,5 ppm-1 and maximum velocity (Vmax) 5000 ppm.hour-1. In addition, its physical properties i.e. density and refractive index were in the range of 0,9767-0,9809 g/mL and 1,3347-1,3365 respectively.
OPTIMASI AMOBILISASI ENZIM XILANASE DARI Trichodema viride MENGGUNAKAN MATRIKS KITOSAN-TRIPOLIFOSFAT Sa'idah, Ilmiyati; Sutrisno, Sutrisno; Suratmo, Suratmo
Jurnal Ilmu Kimia Universitas Brawijaya Vol 2, No 1 (2013)
Publisher : Jurusan Kimia, FMIPA Universitas Brawijaya

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Abstract

Xylanase is an enzyme that has an ability to hydrolyze hemicellulose and has an important act in such as industries, so that should be immobilized so that it can be used repeatedly and easy to removed from the product. In this study, xylanase isolated from the fungus Trichoderma viride and purified by using ammonium sulfate saturation levels 40-80%. The method that used in the immobilization of xylanase is a method of trapping using a matrix of chitosan-tripolyphosphate with make a variation to chitosan concentration (0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5)% (w / v) and make a variation to enzyme concentration (0.5, 1.5, 2.5, 3.5, 4.5) mg / mL. The results showed that the chitosan concentration optimum is at a concentration  2.0% with the amount of xylanase stuck at  such as 3.867 mg. Enzyme concentration optimum is at a concentration of 4.5 mg / mL with the amount of xylanase stuck such as 18.942 mg.
PENGARUH pH DAN TEMPERATUR TERHADAP KESTABILAN AKTIVITAS XILANASE DARI Trichoderma viride Kusuma, Sicilia; Sutrisno, Sutrisno; Indahyanti, Ellya
Jurnal Ilmu Kimia Universitas Brawijaya Vol 2, No 1 (2013)
Publisher : Jurusan Kimia, FMIPA Universitas Brawijaya

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Abstract

Xylanase is an enzyme that can hydrolyze xylan into reducing sugar xylose and xilo-oligosaccharides. The research was carried out to determine the effect of pH and temperature on stability of xylanase activity of T. viride . Its effects were observed by measuring the residual activity after the enzyme xylanase was incubated for 9 hours at pH variation (4, 5, 6) and the variation of temperature (50, 60, 70 oC ). Enzyme activity is said to be stable if the remaining activity is greater than or equal to 50%. Xylanase activity was determined by measuring the levels of reducing sugars produced during the enzymatic reaction, by spectrophotometry using DNS reagent. The results showed that the xylanase activity remained stable after the enzyme was incubated for 9 hours at pH 4, 5, 6 and at temperatures of 50, 60, 70 oC. The stability of xylanase activity is highest when xylanase was incubated at pH 5 and temperature 60 ° C.Key words: enzyme stability , pH, temperature , Trichoderma viride, xylanase.
OPTIMASI AMOBILISASI XILANASE DARI Trichoderma viride PADA MATRIKS PASIR LAUT TERLAPIS KITOSAN Thaati, Hayyunisa; Sutrisno, Sutrisno; Roosdiana, Anna
Jurnal Ilmu Kimia Universitas Brawijaya Vol 2, No 1 (2013)
Publisher : Jurusan Kimia, FMIPA Universitas Brawijaya

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Abstract

Xilanase bebas hanya bisa digunakan satu kali reaksi, sehingga perlu diamobilisasi agar bisa digunakan berulang. Xilanase yang telah diisolasi dari Trichoderma viride diendapkan dengan metode fraksinasi bertingkat menggunakan amonium sulfat dengan tingkat kejenuhan 40-80% dan dilanjutkan dengan dialisis. Xilanase diamobilisasi dengan metode adsorpsi fisik menggunakan matriks pasir laut terlapis kitosan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui waktu pengocokan dan konsentrasi xilanase optimum. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan variasi waktu pengocokan (1, 2, 3, 4, 5) jam dan konsentrasi enzim sebesar (0,5; 1,5; 2,5; 3,5; 4,5) mg/mL pada 0,1 g pasir pada temperatur ruang dengan konsentrasi larutan kitosan 1,5% dan larutan Na5P3O10 3%. Kadar protein enzim diuji secara spektrofotometri dengan reagen Biuret dan gula pereduksi dengan reagen DNS. Kadar protein xilanase bebas diperoleh sebesar 4,5 mg/mL dengan aktivitas sebesar 17,0 unit. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kondisi optimum amobilisasi xilanase pada pasir laut terlapis kitosan dicapai pada waktu pengocokan 3 jam dan konsentrasi xilanase 3,5 mg/mL dengan jumlah xilanase teradsorpsi 16,7 mg/g matriks dan aktivitas 34,5 unit. Kata kunci: Aktivitas, amobilisasi,  pasir laut terlapis kitosan, Trichoderma viride, xilanase
PENGARUH VARIASI JUMLAH MOL ASETONITRIL TERHADAP PRODUK SINTESIS SENYAWA ORGANONITROGEN BERBASIS α-PINENA HASIL ISOLASI DARI MINYAK TERPENTIN Wulandari, Ivtarina; Rahman, Moh. Farid; Iftitah, Elvina Dhiaul
Jurnal Ilmu Kimia Universitas Brawijaya Vol 2, No 1 (2013)
Publisher : Jurusan Kimia, FMIPA Universitas Brawijaya

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Abstract

ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh variasi jumlah mol asetonitril terhadap kuantitas produk senyawa organonitrogen yang disintesis dari α-pinena dan asetonitril. Isolasi α-pinena dari minyak terpentin dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode distilasi fraksinasi. Sintesis senyawa organonitrogen dilakukan pada temperatur ruang selama 5 jam dengan perbandingan mol α-pinena : asetonitril : asam sulfat (1:1:4), (1:5:4), dan (1:10:4). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kadar senyawa α-pinena hasil distilasi adalah 88,46%. Produk yang dihasilkan adalah N-(1,7,7-trimetilbisiklo [2,2,2] heptan-2-il)asetamida dan N-(2,6,6-trimetilbisiklo [3,1,1] heptan-2-il)asetamida. Efisiensi produk N-(1,7,7-trimetilbisiklo [2,2,2] heptan-2-il)asetamida pada variasi (1:1:4), (1:5:4), dan (1:10:4) adalah 7,78%, 10,277% dan 1,45%. Sedangkan produk N-(2,6,6-trimetilbisiklo [3,1,1] heptan-2-il)asetamida masing-masing adalah 2,34%, 2,67%, dan 0,188%. Kata kunci: α-pinena, minyak terpentin, reaksi Ritter, sintesis senyawa organonitrogen ABSTRACT This research aimed to determine the effect of variation of moles acetonitrile on the quantity of organonitrogen compound synthesized products from α-pinene and acetonitrile. The isolation of α-pinene from turpentine oil over fractional distillation method. The synthesis of organonitrogen compounds is done at room temperature for 5 hours with the mole ratio α-pinene : acetonitrile : sulfuric acid (1:1:4), (1:5:4), and (1:10:4). These results showed that the amount of α-pinene produced from fractional distillation is 88,46%. Organonitrogen compounds were obtained are N-(1,7,7-trimetilbisiklo [2,2,2] heptane-2-yl) acetamide and N-(2,6,6-trimetilbisiklo [3,1,1] heptane-2-yl) acetamide. Efficiency of product N-(1,7,7-trimetilbisiklo[2,2,2] heptan-2-yl)acetamide of  variation (1:1:4), (1:5:4), and (1:10:4) are 7,78%, 10,277% and 1,45%. Whereas  product N-(2,6,6-trimetilbisiklo[3,1,1]heptan-2-yl)acetamide are 2,34%, 2,67%, and 0,188%. Key words: α-pinene, turpentine oil, Ritter reaction, synthesis organonitrogen compound
OPTIMASI AMOBILISASI UREASE DARI Schizzosaccharomyces pombe MENGGUNAKAN MATRIK KITOSAN-NATRIUM TRIPOLIFOSFAT Fatmawati, Ivone; Prasetyawan, Sasangka; Roosdiana, Anna
Jurnal Ilmu Kimia Universitas Brawijaya Vol 2, No 1 (2013)
Publisher : Jurusan Kimia, FMIPA Universitas Brawijaya

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Abstract

Determination of optimum condition of immobilized urease using chitosan-sodium tripolyphosphate has been done. Urease was isolated from Schizzosaccharomyces pombe and was purified through fractional purification method using ammonium sulphate saturation of 30– 45%. Urease is an enzyme that has the ability to hydrolyze of urea into carbon dioxide and ammonia. The activity of urease was defined as the amount of micromol ammonia per mL enzyme per minute and resulted ammonia was analyzed by spectrofotometric method using Nessler reagen. The optimum condition of immobilized urease was observed by determining the highest activity in various chitosan concentration (1.5; 2.0; 2.5; 3.0; 3.5) % w/v and urease concentration (0.840; 1.680; 2.520; 3.360; 4.200) mg/mL. The result of this experiment showed that the optimum chitosan concentration was 2.5% w/v while the optimum urease concentration was 2.520 mg/mL with the highest activity of  0.57 Units. Key words: activity, chitosan-sodium tripolyphosphate, Schizzosaccharomyces pombe, urease.  
POTENSI EKSTRAK RUMPUT LAUT COKLAT (Sargassumprismaticum) UNTUK MENINGKATKAN AKTIVITAS SUPEROKSIDA DISMUTASE (SOD) DAN GAMBARAN HISTOLOGI JARINGAN HEPAR PADA TIKUS (Rattus norvegicus) DIABETES MELITUS TIPE 1 Sari, Ardian Retno; Aulanni’am, Aulanni’am; Prasetyawan, Sasangka
Jurnal Ilmu Kimia Universitas Brawijaya Vol 2, No 1 (2013)
Publisher : Jurusan Kimia, FMIPA Universitas Brawijaya

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Abstract

The aim of this research was to investigate the ability of brown seaweed (Sargassum prismaticum) extract that can increase the activity of SOD and improvement of hepar tissue on rats Rattus norvegicus type 1 diabetes mellitus the results of multiple low dose-streptozotocin (MLD-STZ) induction with 20 mg/kg (bw) dose for 5 consecutive days. As many as 24 rats were devided into 6 groups of 4 each tail. Group treatments were the group of control, type 1 diabetes mellitus, and type 1 diabetes mellitus that given by therapy of Sargassum prismaticum extract orally with variations of given therapy on the different  days to 1, 3, 5, and 7. SOD activity were measured by Elisa Reader Kit on the wavelength at 450 nm and histology description with hematoxylin-eosin staining. The results of this research obtained that SOD activity after given by Sargassum prismaticum extract have been raised and the results as follow as 53,80 (unit/mL), 63,78 (unit/mL), 73,67 (unit/mL), 83,85 (unit/mL). Sargassum prismaticum therapy can fixed the damage of DM type 1 hepar tissue on rats that have been induction by MLD-STZ. Keyword : Diabetes Mellitus, Hepar, Histology, SOD
OPTIMASI AMOBILISASI UREASE DARI Schizzosaccharomyces pombe MENGGUNAKAN MATRIK Ca-ALGINAT Maharani, Laras Dwi; Prasetyawan, Sasangka; Mahdi, Chanif
Jurnal Ilmu Kimia Universitas Brawijaya Vol 2, No 1 (2013)
Publisher : Jurusan Kimia, FMIPA Universitas Brawijaya

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Abstract

Urease immobilization is required to be used in repetition The enzyme hydrolize urea to be ammonia and carbondioxide. Urease was isolated from Schizzosaccharomyces pombe and was purified through precipitation by using ammonium sulphate at 30-45% saturation level, followed by dialysis. Urease was immobilized by entrapment method in a matrix of Ca-alginate. The study aimed to determine optimum concentration of Na-alginate and enzym concentration. In this research, Na-alginate concentration (1,5 ; 2 ; 2,5 ; 3 ; 3,5) % (w/v) and variation of urease concentration (0,840; 1,680; 2,520; 3,360; 4,200) mg/mL. Protein content was determined by Biuret reagen and enzyme activity was determined as the amount of mikromol amonia per minute, and resulted amonia was analyzed by Nessler method. The results showed that the optimum condition of immobilization urease is achieved on 3% Na-alginate solution and 2,52 mg/ml urease yielding in 2,52 mg of entrapped enzyme/gram Ca-alginate and the activity of 0,55 Units. Key words: activity, Ca-alginate, Schizzosaccharomyces pombe, urease.
OPTIMASI AMOBILISASI UREASE DARI Schizzosaccharomyces pombe MENGGUNAKAN MATRIK KITOSAN-POLIETILEN GLIKOL Dewi, Hastini Artha; Prasetyawan, Sasangka; Mahdi, Chanif
Jurnal Ilmu Kimia Universitas Brawijaya Vol 2, No 1 (2013)
Publisher : Jurusan Kimia, FMIPA Universitas Brawijaya

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Abstract

Schizosaccharomyces pombe is yeast that production urease and extraceluller enzyme. Urease can hydrolyze urea to be ammonia and carbondioxide. Free urease is unable to be reused, therefore urease is needed to immobilized in certain matrix. This research studies to determine optimum condition from chitosan concentration and enzyme concentration. Urease was immobilized by entrapment method using matrix chitosan-polyethylene glycol with make a variation to chitosan concentration (1.5; 2; 2.5; 3; 3.5) % (w/v) and make a variation to  urease concentration (0.840; 1.680; 2.520; 3.360; 4.200) mg/mL. Enzyme activity was defined as the amount of mikromol ammonia per minute, and resulted ammonia was analyzed by Nessler method. The results showed that the optimum condition of  immobilization uerase is achieved on chitosan concentration 3% (w/v) and urease concentration of  2.52 mg/mL and urease yielding in 2.36  mg/gram matrix chitosan-polyethylene glycol within the activity of  0.53 Units. Key words: activity, chitosan-polyethylene glycol, Schizosaccharomyces pombe, urease
ADSORPSI TEMBAGA(II) MENGGUNAKAN BIOMASSA Azolla microphylla DIESTERIFIKASI DENGAN ASAM SITRAT Yunita, Tatik; Purwonugroho, Danar; Khunur, Mohammad Misbah
Jurnal Ilmu Kimia Universitas Brawijaya Vol 2, No 1 (2013)
Publisher : Jurusan Kimia, FMIPA Universitas Brawijaya

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Abstract

The research about adsorption of copper(II) using Azolla microphylla biomass esterified with citric acid has been conducted. The aim of this research was to determine the optimum conditions of copper(II) adsorption by Azolla microphylla biomass esterified with citric acid and adsorption capacity of esterified biomass toward copper(II). Esterification of biomass was conducted by suspending 5 g of biomass in 50 mL of 0.8 M citric acid solution followed by drying the suspension in the oven at 60 oC. Then, the dried suspension was heated at 120 oC for 3.5 hours. Batch experiments were carried out using dry biomass of 120-150 mesh at various pH of 3; 4; 5; and 6, various contact time of 30; 45; 60; 75; 90; and 120 minutes, and various copper(II) concentration of 50; 75; 100; 125; 150 mg/L. The results showed that the optimum conditions for the adsorption of copper(II) by biomass Azolla microphylla esterified with citric acid occurred at pH 5 and contact time 60 minutes. According to the Langmuir adsorption isotherm equation, it was found that the adsorption capacity (Qmax) of esterified biomass (15.625 mg/g) was smaller than that of non-esterified biomass (24.390 mg/g). Keywords: Azolla microphylla, biosorption, citric acid, copper(II), esterification.

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