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Lexicon
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
ISSN : 23022558     EISSN : 27462668     DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/lexicon
Core Subject : Humanities, Education,
Humanities Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media
Lexicon, Journal of English Language and Literature, is an open access, peer reviewed, academic journal published by the English Department, Universitas Gadjah Mada in cooperation with the English Studies Association in Indonesia (ESAI). It is devoted primarily to the publication of studies on English language and literature. It publishes original articles written exclusively in English twice a year in April and October. Manuscript submission is free of charge and open all year round to any author all across the globe.
Arjuna Subject : Seni dan Humaniora - Seni dan Humaniora (Lain-Lain)
Articles 194 Documents
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A Formalist Approach to Religious Imagery in The Chronicles of Narnia: The Lion, The Witch and The Wardrobe by C. S. Lewis Sulaiman, Firosyan Fittanasuqi; Munjid, Achmad
Lexicon Vol 11, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/lexicon.v11i1.72982

Abstract

One of the most popular novels written for children is The Chronicles of Narnia: The Lion, The Witch and The Wardrobe by C. S. Lewis (2005). However, this novel is controversial amongst critics because it contains religious symbols. This research argues that The Chronicles of Narnia: The Lion, The Witch and The Wardrobe has its way of presenting religious symbols implicitly therefore children can enjoy reading it. Thus, this research aims to examine the effective presentation of religious symbols in the novel. This research uses the Formalism approach. To support the analysis, the researcher uses library research as the method with the religious symbols found in the novel as the primary data and the books and journals written by experts as the secondary data. The result of this research is The Chronicles of Narnia: The Lion, The Witch and The Wardrobe presented religious symbols through the characters of children, role models, central subjects and important events of the story of the novel.
Politeness Strategies of Requests in the TV Series Grey's Anatomy Season 2 Kinansha, Viannisa Akira; Hanidar, Sharifah
Lexicon Vol 10, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/lexicon.v10i2.76343

Abstract

This study explores the use of politeness strategies of requests in the TV Series Grey’s Anatomy Season 2. The request strategies were classified based on the politeness strategies proposed by Brown and Levinson (1987). The results showed that out of the 274 requests found in the TV series, 132 requests (48.18%) were expressed using the bald on-record strategy, 108 occurrences (39.42%) using the negative politeness strategy, 25 occurrences (9.12%) using the positive politeness strategy, and nine occurrences (3.28%) using the off-record politeness strategy. For power, the characters of Grey’s Anatomy Season 2 tend to speak to their interlocutors depending on the power that they have between them. Meanwhile, as for the social distance, the speakers tend to ignore the differences in power that exist between them. The familiarity between the speakers and interlocutors influences them to use direct strategies despite the differences in power.
Social Interaction and Class Struggles in Noughts & Crosses by Malorie Blackman Rahmawati, Aulia Nur; Saktiningrum, Nur
Lexicon Vol 11, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/lexicon.v11i1.76413

Abstract

This research employs a sociological approach to literature, drawing on Georg Simmel's social interaction theory and Karl Marx's class struggle concepts, to analyze the dynamics between the upper-class Crosses and the lower-class Noughts in the novel Noughts & Crosses. The study identifies five forms and six types of social interactions, encompassing superordination and subordination, exchange, conflict, prostitution, and sociability, along with character-based classifications such as the miser, the spendthrift, the stranger, the adventurer, the nobility, and the poor. The central focus lies in understanding the struggles of the Noughts in their pursuit of social equality within a deeply divided society. Despite collective and individual efforts, fueled by class consciousness and the formation of the Liberation Militia, the research concludes that achieving equality remains elusive. The powerful Crosses, driven by hidden manipulations and a desire to maintain the existing system, thwart the Noughts' endeavors, underscoring the persistent challenges faced by the lower class in a society marked by reverse racism.
Returns and Recalls in Julius Ocwinyo’s Fate of the Banished and Footprints of the Outsider Balitumye, Michael
Lexicon Vol 11, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/lexicon.v11i1.78770

Abstract

The generic treatment of analepsis as a narrative technique has left some of its sub-aspects, like returns and recalls, understudied. Returns and recalls were first introduced by Gerald Genette (1980) as analepses drawn from the same line of action as the first narrative. Returns fill in after the event, a gap in the narrative while recalls constitute the narrative’s allusion to its past. By extension, therefore, they are posterior to the start of the first narrative and anterior to its end. Recalls and returns get a raw deal from narrative critics and theorists; one hardly finds an article-long discussion of these aspects, even in books primarily about narrative time. Yet, rarely if ever, do novelists craft a narrative without incidents of returns and recalls; hardly do real-life stories unfold without them. Adopting an interpretive paradigm, this paper analyzed returns and recalls and their functioning in Julius Ocwinyo’s Fate of the Banished and Footprints of the Outsider. This paper embraced a qualitative research approach; specifically, a descriptive case study design was deployed. Data was collected through close reading and documentary analysis; the paper was anchored on the Genettian discoursal perspective of narrative theory.
The Word-Formation Processes and Semantic Relations of Compound Words in National Geographic Magazine Articles Taqiyyudin, Muhammad Akmal; Moehkardi, Rio Rini Diah
Lexicon Vol 10, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/lexicon.v10i2.81516

Abstract

This study examines compound words and their semantic relations and interprets the meanings of the newly coined compound words found in National Geographic magazine’s January to June 2019 issues. This study uses qualitative methods to analyze the data. It classifies compound words using Delahunty & Garvey’s theory (2010) into five types: compound noun (CN), compound verb (CV), compound adjective (CAdj), compound adverb (CAv), and neoclassical compound (NCC). It also analyzes the semantic relations of compound words. The results of the study show that 241 compound words were found. The most common type of compound words was compound nouns (59.75%), followed by neoclassical compounds (18.67%), compound adjectives (15.35%), compound verbs (4.98%), and the least common type is compound adverbs (1.24%). The study also shows that 70.54% of the compound words found belong to endocentric compounds, and the remaining 29.46% to exocentric compounds. In addition, six newly coined and theme-related compound words were found. The meanings of these newly coined compound words are not available in referenced dictionaries.
Impoliteness Strategies in John Mulaney's Stand-Up Comedy Arlivia, Zitta; Sembodo, Thomas Joko Priyo
Lexicon Vol 11, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/lexicon.v11i1.87082

Abstract

An analytical study on comedy provides significant insight into comedy as a complex and pervasive medium of expression penetrating everyday life. This study investigates the impoliteness strategies in John Mulaney’s stand-up comedy and how the most frequently used strategy entertains the audience through five sources of pleasure. The data gathered are the utterances containing impoliteness strategies from John Mulaney’s stand-up comedy specials: New in Town (2012), The Comeback Kid (2015), Kid Gorgeous (2018), and Baby J (2023). The impoliteness strategies found in the stand-up comedy were then classified using the theory of impoliteness strategies proposed by Culpeper (1996). The data containing the most frequently used impoliteness strategy are then classified based on Culpeper’s (2011) theory of five sources of pleasure of entertaining impoliteness function. The result shows 344 impoliteness strategies, with the positive impoliteness strategy being the most frequently used, with 163 occurrences (47.4%). From the 163 occurrences of positive impoliteness strategies, 105 entertain the audience through emotional pleasure (64%), followed by the pleasure of being superior with 33 occurrences (20.1%), the pleasure of feeling secure with 14 occurrences (8.5%), voyeuristic pleasure with ten occurrences (6.1%), and aesthetic pleasure with two occurrences (1.2%). The findings indicated that throughout his stand-up comedy performances, John Mulaney employs various impoliteness strategies, especially positive impoliteness strategies, to entertain the audience, primarily by evoking their emotional pleasure.
A Critical Discourse Analysis of Sexual Violence Narratives in The Jakarta Post Az-Zahra, Rahma; Roselani, Ni Gusti Ayu
Lexicon Vol 11, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/lexicon.v11i1.93145

Abstract

This study examines the representation of sexual assault survivors in 67 articles from The Jakarta Post (2016-2023) using corpus-assisted critical discourse analysis. Employing concordance analysis and sentiment evaluation, the research highlights a notable focus on the ages of victims, particularly teenagers, advocating for victim-centered language in public discourse. The findings reveal shortcomings in sexual and reproductive health services, legal issues faced by teenage victims, and gaps in assistance programs. The study calls for comprehensive support structures and legal reforms to address persistent challenges. Sentiment analysis underscores the deliberate use of negative language, emphasizing the need for objective reporting. Overall, the research emphasizes the importance of unbiased reporting, robust support mechanisms, and legal reforms to address the multifaceted challenges faced by rape victims. 
Navigating Communication Challenges in using English as a Lingua Franca: The Stories of Indonesian Students in Australia Kurniawan, Hasyim
Lexicon Vol 11, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/lexicon.v11i1.95829

Abstract

This research explores intercultural communication encountered by Indonesian students studying in Australia, where English serves as the lingua franca. Employing the narrative accounts of participants as a valuable source of qualitative data, this research aims to identify the distinct categories of understanding-related problems experienced by Indonesian students when engaging with non-native speakers of English and to explain the strategies employed in managing such challenges. Additionally, an evaluation of the efficacy of English language teaching and learning in Indonesia is conducted to ascertain its role in mitigating understanding issues. Data for this study were gathered through open-ended interviews conducted with eight Indonesian students enrolled in master's programs at Monash University, Australia. The findings reveal that students encounter three levels of understanding problems: 1) non-understanding, 2) partial understanding, and 3) misunderstanding. The analysis underscores two predominant strategies employed by students in managing these challenges: 1) signaling the problem and 2) allowing it to pass without clarification. Furthermore, the research reveals that although participants find their English studies effective in academic contexts like class discussions and written tests, they feel that their acquired language skills lack adequate guidance for daily interactions in Australia. The study proposes specific improvements in English language teaching (ELT) in Indonesia to better equip students for the diverse linguistic challenges in intercultural settings by incorporating three competences namely interactional competence, strategic competence and multidialectal competence.
The Influence of The Speaker's and Hearer's Age on Request Strategies Used in the Movie Yours, Mine & Ours Salsabila, Aflah Nuraini; Basuki, Amin
Lexicon Vol 11, No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/lexicon.v11i2.76384

Abstract

This research aims to analyze request strategies in the movie Yours, Mine & Ours (2005). In particular, it attempts to identify and classify request strategies used by the main characters in the movie using the theory of request strategies proposed by Blum-Kulka and Olshtain (1984). This research also analyzes the differences of request strategies influenced by speaker's and hearer's age which are divided into four age groups: adult, teenager, pre-teen, and children. The data used in this research are all utterances containing requests made by the main characters in the movie. In Yours, Mine & Ours, the requests occur in the family domain and informal situations. The results show that the strategy that is most used by all age groups is Mood Derivable, which belongs to Direct Strategy. It also shows that adult is the age group that uses Direct Strategy the most and uses more types of strategy than the other age groups. Furthermore, the research also found that all age groups prefer to use Mood Derivable when the hearer is from the same and younger age group. Meanwhile, when the hearer is from older age group, the speaker prefers to use Reference to Preparatory Conditions. 
Gender Differences in the Directness of Request Strategies in the Movies Ocean’s Eight and Ocean’s Eleven Aracelly, Aisya; Sutrisno, Adi
Lexicon Vol 11, No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/lexicon.v11i2.81445

Abstract

This research examined the level of directness of request strategies found in the movies Ocean’s Eight and Ocean’s Eleven. The topic of request strategies itself is important to study in a way that even though all people use it in their daily lives, the act has been used differently by different people. This paper also aimed to see whether there are differences in request strategies made by male and female characters in terms of politeness strategies. The data used in this study are the utterances spoken by the characters that contain request strategies. The data then were analyzed using the theory proposed by Blum-Kulka and Olshtain (1984), followed by the classification of politeness strategies using the combined theory from Holmes (1995) and Brown and Levinson (1987). The result shows that the male characters used direct strategy (Mood Derivable) the most with 57 occurrences (58%). Meanwhile the female characters preferred using conventionally indirect strategy (Query Preparatory) the most with 18 occurrences (33%). Furthermore, this research found that male characters tended to use Bald-On-Record strategy while requesting (71%) and they also found using Referential Tags (2%) as Holmes (1995) stated that men prefer using the referential tag to check their statement’s accuracy. The strategy that was mostly used by female characters was Bald-On-Record as well (35%).  However, this strategy is balanced out with other strategies which were Affective Tags (31%). Affective Tags are preferred by women to soften their request or potential threat (Holmes, 1995).

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